source: pst/typesetting/texlive.xml

<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
   "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
  %general-entities;

  <!-- utah -->
  <!ENTITY texlive-download-http "https://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/historic/systems/texlive/&texlive-year;/texlive-&texlive-version;-source.tar.xz">
  <!ENTITY texlive-download-ftp  " ">
  <!ENTITY texlive-md5sum        "1da2f08e3ba4a3708870dd088c1d6823">
  <!ENTITY texlive-size          "67 MB">

  <!ENTITY texlive-buildsize      "9.1 GB including the additional download and the tests, 8.3 GB installed">
  <!ENTITY texlive-time           "4.6 SBU including the additional download and the tests, building with parallelism=4">

  <!-- utah -->
  <!ENTITY texlive-texmf-download-http "https://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/historic/systems/texlive/&texlive-year;/texlive-&texlive-version;-texmf.tar.xz">
  <!ENTITY texlive-texmf-download-ftp  " ">
  <!ENTITY texlive-texmf-md5sum        "e67ce334dd0fddda5f4a87b4fcaaf48f">
  <!ENTITY texlive-texmf-size          "4.0 GB">

  <!ENTITY texlive-extra-download-http "https://ftp.tu-chemnitz.de/pub/tug/historic/systems/texlive/&texlive-year;/texlive-&texlive-version;-extra.tar.xz">
  <!ENTITY texlive-extra-download-ftp  " ">
  <!ENTITY texlive-extra-md5sum        "1bd045bd1673ce61bde590c10b86c6cc">
  <!ENTITY texlive-extra-size          "1.9 MB">

<!-- The following commit will change future installs so that the scripts in
texmf-dist linked from bin/ are copied instead of symlinks.

commit 0c9707142465610f0e22745a22bf8c71850cef49
Author: Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>
Date:   Tue Mar 19 22:03:22 2024 +0000

    (%opts): create the generically-named output files as copies by default.
    (@cmdline_options): allow -no-copy.
    (help): document.
    
    
    git-svn-id: svn://tug.org/texlive/trunk@70707 c570f23f-e606-0410-a88d-b1316a301751

That was done to simplify the process (windows has always used copy) and will likely
make the installed sizes somewhat bigger.

There is an option \-\-no-copy for updmap.pl, unclear if that can be used here,
and it might have been removed by next year. -->
]>


<sect1 id="texlive" xreflabel="texlive-&texlive-version;">
  <?dbhtml filename="texlive.html"?>


  <title>texlive-&texlive-version;-source</title>

  <indexterm zone="texlive">
    <primary sortas="a-texlive">texlive</primary>
  </indexterm>

  <sect2 role="package">
    <title>Introduction to TeX Live from source</title>

    <note>
      <para>
        According to <ulink url="https://www.tug.org/historic/"/> the master
        site in France only supports ftp and rsync. Now that ftp is generally
        deprecated, that page has links to mirrors, some of which support https,
        e.g. in Utah and Chemnitz as well as in China. If you prefer to use a
        different mirror from the example links here, you will need to navigate
        to systems/historic/texlive/&texlive-year; or systems/texlive/&texlive-year;
        as the case may be.
        <!-- the chinese mirros do not use a 'historic' subdirectory. -->
      </para>
    </note>

    <para>
      Most of TeX Live can be built from source without a pre-existing
      installation, but <application>xindy</application> (for indexing) needs
      working versions of <command>latex</command> and
      <command>pdflatex</command> when configure is run, and the test suite
      and install for <command>asy</command> (for vector graphics) will fail
      if TeX has not already been installed. Additionally,
      <application>biber</application> is not provided within the
      <application>texlive</application> source and the version of
      <application>dvisvgm</application> in the
      <application>texlive</application> tree cannot be built
      if shared system libraries are used.
    </para>

      <para>
      </para>
    <para>
      All of those packages are dealt with on their own pages and can be
      built after installing this package. If you have not already done so, you
      should start at <xref linkend="tex-path"/> so that the final commands to
      initialize the new installation will be found.
    </para>

    &lfs121_checked;

    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
    <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&texlive-download-http;"/>
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download (FTP): <ulink url="&texlive-download-ftp;"/>
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download MD5 sum: &texlive-md5sum;
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download size: &texlive-size;
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Estimated disk space required: &texlive-buildsize;
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Estimated build time: &texlive-time;
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Required Additional Downloads</bridgehead>

      <para>
        Much of the texlive environment (including scripts, documentation,
        fonts, and various other files) is not part of the source tarball.
        You must download it separately. This will give you all of the
        additional files which are provided by a full install of the binary
        version, there is no realistic way to restrict which parts get
        installed.
      </para>

      <para>
        Because of the size of this package, it is unlikely to be mirrored by
        BLFS mirrors.  In case of difficulty, go to http://www.ctan.org/mirrors/
        to find a more-accessible mirror.
      </para>

    <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&texlive-texmf-download-http;"/>
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download (FTP): <ulink url="&texlive-texmf-download-ftp;"/>
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download MD5 sum: &texlive-texmf-md5sum;
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download size: &texlive-texmf-size;
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

      <para>
        The tlpdb database is shipped as a separate tarball. The
        <command>texdoc</command> program needs a cache file derived
        from this (and will create the cache on its first run).
      </para>

    <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&texlive-extra-download-http;"/>
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download (FTP): <ulink url="&texlive-extra-download-ftp;"/>
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download MD5 sum: &texlive-extra-md5sum;
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download size: &texlive-extra-size;
        </para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>
          Required patch: <ulink url=
          "&patch-root;/texlive-&texlive-version;-source-upstream_fixes-1.patch"/>
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">TeX Live from source Dependencies</bridgehead>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Recommended</bridgehead>
    <para role="recommended">
      <xref linkend="x-window-system"/>
    </para>

    <!-- text for recommended libraries -->
    <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
     href="../../xincludes/texrecommendlibs.xml"/>

<!-- the following ensures jhalfs will set paths before running texlive -->

    <para role="recommended">
      Furthermore, the instructions below assume you are using the layout
      described in <xref linkend="tex-path"/>.
    </para>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
    <!-- text for optional deps -->
    <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
     href="../../xincludes/texoptional.xml"/>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Runtime dependencies</bridgehead>
    <!-- text for runtime deps, shared with tl-installer -->
    <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
     href="../../xincludes/texruntime.xml"/>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="installation">
    <title>Installation of TeX Live</title>

    <para>
      Install TeX Live by running the following commands:
    </para>

    <caution>
      <para>
        If you wish to upgrade to current <application>texlive</application>
        on an older system where extra packages (<application>asymptote</application>,
        <!-- Ken: comment biber - usually a new texyear has brought a new version
        but not so far for 2024. Looking at what it installs it is only perl
        modules and their man pages so those ought to still exist after the
        previous year's texlive has been removed.
        <application>biber</application>, -->
                                          <application>dvisvgm</application>, or
        <application>xindy</application>) have been installed, you will need to
        reinstall those as well as fixing up your <literal>PATH</literal> for
        <literal>$TEXLIVE_PREFIX</literal>.
      </para>
    </caution>

    <note>
      <para>
        A successful install requires some texlive
        commands to be run as the root user, so we will export the TEXARCH
        variable to let <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> use it.
      </para>
    </note>

    <para>
      Now, as a normal user:
    </para>

<!-- if a patch for the source is needed, this should go between the export
        ande configure. But keeping it there as a commented line adds too much vertical space.
    patch -Np1 -i ../texlive-&texlive-version;-source-security_fix-1.patch &amp;&amp;-->
<screen><userinput>export TEXARCH=$(uname -m | sed -e 's/i.86/i386/' -e 's/$/-linux/') &amp;&amp;

patch -Np1 -i ../texlive-&texlive-version;-source-upstream_fixes-1.patch &amp;&amp;

mkdir texlive-build &amp;&amp;
cd    texlive-build &amp;&amp;

../configure -C                                   \
    --prefix=$TEXLIVE_PREFIX                      \
    --bindir=$TEXLIVE_PREFIX/bin/$TEXARCH         \
    --datarootdir=$TEXLIVE_PREFIX                 \
    --includedir=$TEXLIVE_PREFIX/include          \
    --infodir=$TEXLIVE_PREFIX/texmf-dist/doc/info \
    --libdir=$TEXLIVE_PREFIX/lib                  \
    --mandir=$TEXLIVE_PREFIX/texmf-dist/doc/man   \
    --disable-native-texlive-build                \
    --disable-static --enable-shared              \
    --disable-dvisvgm                             \
    --with-system-cairo                           \
    --with-system-fontconfig                      \
    --with-system-freetype2                       \
    --with-system-gmp                             \
    --with-system-graphite2                       \
    --with-system-harfbuzz                        \
    --with-system-icu                             \
    --with-system-libgs                           \
    --with-system-libpaper                        \
    --with-system-libpng                          \
    --with-system-mpfr                            \
    --with-system-pixman                          \
    --with-system-zlib                            \
    --with-banner-add=" - BLFS" &amp;&amp;

make</userinput></screen>

    <para>
      To test the results, issue: <command>make -k check</command>.
      <!-- https://github.com/rrthomas/libpaper/issues/43 -->
      One test <filename>psutils.test</filename> is known to fail if
      using system libpaper because TeX Live includes old versions of both
      <application>psutils</application> and <application>libpaper</application>
      which result in a difference in the final decimal places of the psresize
      test. The <application>libpaper</application> developer does not think
      this is significant.
    </para>

    <para>
      Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
    </para>

<!-- Editors, you can run 'make texlinks' in a DESTDIR by passing
DESTDIR=some/where -->
<screen role="root"><userinput>make install-strip &amp;&amp;
make texlinks      &amp;&amp;
mkdir -pv                                $TEXLIVE_PREFIX/tlpkg/TeXLive/ &amp;&amp;
install -v -m644 ../texk/tests/TeXLive/* $TEXLIVE_PREFIX/tlpkg/TeXLive/ &amp;&amp;
tar -xf ../../texlive-&texlive-version;-extra.tar.xz -C $TEXLIVE_PREFIX/tlpkg --strip-components=2</userinput></screen>

    <note>
      <para>
        Only run <command>make texlinks</command> once. If it is rerun,
        it can change all the program symlinks so that they point to
        themselves and are useless.
      </para>
    </note>

    <para>
      Now install the additional files as the
      <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
    </para>

<!-- if texmf does not need to be patched, remove &amp;&amp; from first line,
 close userinput, screen, comment pushd, patch, popd -->
<screen role="root"><userinput>tar -xf ../../texlive-&texmf-version;-texmf.tar.xz -C $TEXLIVE_PREFIX --strip-components=1</userinput></screen>

    <para>
      Still as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user,
      initialize the new system (the command <command>fmtutil-sys
      --all</command> will produce
      a <emphasis>lot</emphasis> of output):
    </para>

<!-- Editors, fmtutil-sys can apparently only be run on
a real install, as root.  But mktexlsr can be run in a DESTDIR with
cd /YOUR/TEXMF/ROOT ; ls -LAR ./ >ls-R -->

<screen role="root"><userinput>mktexlsr &amp;&amp;
fmtutil-sys --all</userinput></screen>

    <para>
      To allow <xref linkend="evince"/> or <xref linkend="dvisvgm"/> to
      link to <filename class="libraryfile">libkpathsea.so</filename>,
      as the &root; user (re)create a symlink from
      <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>:
    </para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>ln -svf $TEXLIVE_PREFIX/lib/libkpathsea.so{,.6} /usr/lib</userinput></screen>

    <note>
      <para>
        TeX Live does not include the source for ConTeXt, only the items that
        are at CTAN. Trying to build ConTeXt purely from source on a  BLFS
        TeX Live system is a niche usage and looks as if it will be more trouble
        than it is worth.
      </para>

      <para>
        If you wish to use ConTeXt with <command>luametatex</command> (most of
        the old MKII and MKIV code was removed from TeX Live 2023 by the ConTeXt
        developer), starting with the binary (only installing ConTeXt, 753 MB in
        March 2024) would probably be the easiest way to bootstrap it. The source
        for <command>luametatex</command> can be pulled with git from <ulink
        url="https://github.com/contextgarden/luametatex/tags">github
        luametatex</ulink>, compiled with meson and ninja, and installed by
        copying to the correct program directory. This should avoid having to
        fix all the symlinks etc and also avoid including the many unrelated
        <!-- trying to use a filename tag here is rejected within para ?? -->
        parts of texmf-dist.
        See comments 1 to 5 of
        <ulink url="&blfs-ticket-root;17823">#17823</ulink>.
      </para>
    </note>

    <para>
      You can now proceed to <xref linkend="asymptote"/>,
      <xref linkend="biber"/>, <xref linkend="dvisvgm"/> and / or <xref
      linkend="xindy"/> if you wish to install them.
    </para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="commands">
    <title>Command Explanations</title>

    <para>
      <command>-C</command>: create config.cache, this saves significant
      time in a parallel build.
    </para>

    <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
     href="../../xincludes/tex-prefix.xml"/>

    <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
     href="../../xincludes/tex-lib.xml"/>

    <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
      href="../../xincludes/static-libraries.xml"/>

    <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
      href="../../xincludes/tex-shared.xml"/>

    <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
      href="../../xincludes/tex-system.xml"/>
<!--
    <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
      href="../../xincludes/tex-xpdf.xml"/>-->

    <para>
      <parameter>--disable-dvisvgm</parameter>: As noted above, the shipped version
      of dvisvgm, which has modified configuration files, cannot be built with
      shared system libraries.
    </para>

    <para>
      <command>make texlinks</command> : this runs the texlinks.sh script
      to create symbolic links from formats to engines.  In
      practice, several of the targets such as <command>xetex</command> are now
      separate binaries and for these it will report "file already exists".
    </para>

    <para>
      <command>tar -xf texlive-&texmf-version;-texmf.tar.xz -C $TEXLIVE_PREFIX --strip-components=1</command>:
      the tarball contains the files for the texmf-dist directory, and because
      of its size we do not want to waste time and space untarring it and then
      copying the files.
    </para>

    <para>
      <command>install -v -m644 ../texk/tests/TeXLive/*
      $TEXLIVE_PREFIX/tlpkg/TeXLive/</command>: This puts the perl
      modules <filename>TLConfig.pm</filename> and <filename>TLUtils.pm</filename>
      into the directory where the binary installer puts them - it is at the
      start of the perl @INC@ PATH within texlive when installed using the above
      configure switches. Without these modules, texlive is unusable.
    </para>

    <para>
      <command>mktexlsr</command>: Create an <filename>ls-R</filename> file
      which lists what was installed - this is used by kpathsea to find files.
    </para>

    <para>
      <command>fmtutil-sys --all</command>: This initializes the TeX formats,
      Metafont bases and Metapost mems.
    </para>

    <para>
      <option>--without-x</option>: use this if you do not have Xorg installed.
    </para>

    <para>
      There are many other '--disable' or '--without' options. Some of them such
      as <option>--without-texinfo</option> are accepted but no longer do anything,
      others will prevent a program being built - but the far greater amount of
      space used for the related items in texmf means there is no obvious benefit
      from disabling a few of the programs.
    </para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="content">
    <title>Contents</title>

    <segmentedlist>
      <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>

      <seglistitem>
        <seg>Over 300 binaries and symlinks to scripts</seg>
        <seg>libkpathsea.so,
             libptexenc.so,
             libsynctex.so,
             libtexlua52.so,
             libtexluajit.so
        </seg>
        <seg>$TEXLIVE_PREFIX/bin,
             $TEXLIVE_PREFIX/include,
             $TEXLIVE_PREFIX/lib,
             $TEXLIVE_PREFIX/texmf-dist
        </seg>
      </seglistitem>
    </segmentedlist>

    <variablelist>
      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>

      <varlistentry id="texlive-programs">
        <term><command>TeX&nbsp;programs</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
          href="../../xincludes/texprogs.xml"/>
          <indexterm zone="texlive texlive-programs">
            <primary sortas="b-texlive-programs">TeX Live programs</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libkpathsea">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libkpathsea.so</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            (kpathsearch) exists to look up a file in a list of directories
            and is used by <command>kpsewhich</command>
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="texlive libkpathsea">
            <primary sortas="c-libkpathsea">libkpathsea.so</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libptexenc">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libptexenc.so</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            is a library for Japanese pTeX (publishing TeX)
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="texlive libptexenc">
            <primary sortas="c-libptexenc">libptexenc.so</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libsynctex">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsynctex.so</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            is the SyncTeX (Synchronize TeXnology) parser library
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="texlive libsynctex">
            <primary sortas="c-libsynctex">libsynctex.so</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libtexlua52">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libtexlua52.so</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            provides Lua 5.2, modified for use with LuaTeX
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="texlive libtexlua52">
            <primary sortas="c-libtexlua52">libtexlua52.so</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libtexluajit">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libtexluajit.so</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            provides LuaJIT, modified for use with LuaJITTeX
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="texlive libtexluajit">
            <primary sortas="c-libtexluajit">libtexluajit.so</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>

  </sect2>

</sect1>