1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
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3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
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4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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5 | %general-entities;
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6 |
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7 | <!ENTITY postgresql-download-http "http://gd.tuwien.ac.at/db/postgresql/source/v&postgresql-version;/postgresql-&postgresql-version;.tar.bz2">
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8 | <!ENTITY postgresql-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.fr.postgresql.org/source/v&postgresql-version;/postgresql-&postgresql-version;.tar.bz2">
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9 | <!ENTITY postgresql-md5sum "075ac81c865b0af865459260bf1ca890">
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10 | <!ENTITY postgresql-size "11.0 MB">
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11 | <!ENTITY postgresql-buildsize "259 MB">
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12 | <!ENTITY postgresql-time "1.34 SBU">
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13 | ]>
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14 |
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15 | <sect1 id="postgresql" xreflabel="PostgreSQL-&postgresql-version;">
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16 | <?dbhtml filename="postgresql.html"?>
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17 |
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18 | <sect1info>
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19 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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20 | <date>$Date$</date>
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21 | </sect1info>
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22 |
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23 | <title>PostgreSQL-&postgresql-version;</title>
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24 |
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25 | <indexterm zone="postgresql">
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26 | <primary sortas="a-PostgreSQL">PostgreSQL</primary>
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27 | </indexterm>
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28 |
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29 | <sect2 role="package">
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30 | <title>Introduction to PostgreSQL</title>
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31 |
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32 | <para><application>PostgreSQL</application> is an advanced
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33 | object-relational database management system (ORDBMS), derived
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34 | from the Berkeley Postgres database management system.</para>
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35 |
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36 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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37 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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38 | <listitem>
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39 | <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&postgresql-download-http;"/></para>
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40 | </listitem>
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41 | <listitem>
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42 | <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&postgresql-download-ftp;"/></para>
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43 | </listitem>
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44 | <listitem>
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45 | <para>Download MD5 sum: &postgresql-md5sum;</para>
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46 | </listitem>
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47 | <listitem>
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48 | <para>Download size: &postgresql-size;</para>
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49 | </listitem>
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50 | <listitem>
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51 | <para>Estimated disk space required: &postgresql-buildsize;</para>
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52 | </listitem>
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53 | <listitem>
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54 | <para>Estimated build time: &postgresql-time;</para>
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55 | </listitem>
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56 | </itemizedlist>
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57 |
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58 | <!--
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59 | <sect3><title>Additional downloads</title>
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60 | <itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
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61 | <listitem><para>Required patch: <ulink
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62 | url="&patch-root;/postgresql-&postgresql-version;-dsssl_fix-1.patch"/></para>
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63 | </listitem></itemizedlist>
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64 | </sect3>
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65 | -->
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66 |
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67 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">PostgreSQL Dependencies</bridgehead>
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68 |
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69 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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70 | <para><xref linkend="python"/>,
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71 | <xref linkend="tcl"/>,
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72 | <xref linkend="openssl"/>,
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73 | <xref linkend="Linux_PAM"/>,
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74 | <xref linkend="sgml-dtd"/>,
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75 | <xref linkend="docbook-dsssl"/>,
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76 | <xref linkend="openjade"/>,
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77 | <xref linkend="perl-modules"/>: SGMLSpm-&SGMLSpm-version;,
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78 | <ulink url="http://www.pdc.kth.se/kth-krb/">krb4</ulink>,
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79 | <xref linkend="mitkrb"/> or <xref linkend="heimdal"/>, and
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80 | <ulink url="http://rendezvous.sourceforge.net/">Rendezvous</ulink></para>
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81 |
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82 | </sect2>
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83 |
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84 | <sect2 role="installation">
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85 | <title>Installation of PostgreSQL</title>
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86 |
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87 | <para>In order for <command>configure</command> to properly discover
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88 | <application>Docbook SGML DTD</application>, you may need to remove
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89 | <application>OpenSP</application> catalog definitions from the system
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90 | SGML catalogs. Use the following command before building the package
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91 | to accomplish this:</para>
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92 |
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93 | <screen role="root"><userinput>sed -i.orig \
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94 | -e "/CATALOG \/etc\/sgml\/OpenSP-1.5.1.cat/d" \
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95 | /etc/sgml/catalog \
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96 | /etc/sgml/sgml-docbook.cat</userinput></screen>
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97 |
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98 | <para>Install <application>PostgreSQL</application> with the
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99 | following commands: </para>
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100 |
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101 | <screen><userinput>sed -i \
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102 | -e "s|dsssl-stylesheets|& \\\\\n sgml/docbook/&-&docbook-dsssl-version;|" \
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103 | configure &&
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104 | ./configure --prefix=/usr --enable-thread-safety &&
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105 | make</userinput></screen>
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106 |
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107 | <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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108 |
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109 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
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110 |
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111 | <!--
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112 | <para>The standard installation provides only the header files needed
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113 | for client application development. Server-side applications require
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114 | the entire <application>PostgreSQL</application>
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115 | include tree which can be installed using the following command:</para>
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116 |
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117 | <screen><userinput><command>make install-all-headers</command></userinput></screen>
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118 | -->
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119 |
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120 | <note>
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121 | <para>If you are upgrading an existing system and are going to install
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122 | the new files over the old ones, then you should back up your data, shut
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123 | down the old server and follow the instructions in <ulink
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124 | url="http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.0/static/install-upgrading.html">the
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125 | official <application>PostgreSQL</application> documentation</ulink>.</para>
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126 | </note>
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127 |
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128 | <para>Initialize a database cluster with the following commands issued by the
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129 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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130 |
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131 | <screen role="root"><userinput>install -v -m755 -d /srv/pgsql/data &&
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132 | useradd -c "PostgreSQL Server" -g users -d /srv/pgsql/data postgres &&
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133 | chown -v postgres /srv/pgsql/data &&
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134 | su - postgres -c '/usr/bin/initdb -D /srv/pgsql/data'</userinput></screen>
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135 |
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136 | <para>As the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user, start the
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137 | database server with the following command:</para>
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138 |
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139 | <screen role="root"><userinput>su - postgres -c '/usr/bin/postmaster -D /srv/pgsql/data > \
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140 | /srv/pgsql/data/logfile 2>&1 &'</userinput></screen>
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141 |
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142 | <para>Still as user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>, create
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143 | a database and verify the installation:</para>
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144 |
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145 | <screen role="root"><userinput>su - postgres -c '/usr/bin/createdb test' &&
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146 | echo "create table t1 ( name varchar(20), state_province varchar(20) );" \
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147 | | (su - postgres -c '/usr/bin/psql test ') &&
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148 | echo "insert into t1 values ('Billy', 'NewYork');" \
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149 | | (su - postgres -c '/usr/bin/psql test ') &&
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150 | echo "insert into t1 values ('Evanidus', 'Quebec');" \
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151 | | (su - postgres -c '/usr/bin/psql test ') &&
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152 | echo "insert into t1 values ('Jesse', 'Ontario');" \
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153 | | (su - postgres -c '/usr/bin/psql test ') &&
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154 | echo "select * from t1;" | (su - postgres -c '/usr/bin/psql test')</userinput></screen>
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155 |
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156 | </sect2>
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157 |
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158 | <sect2 role="commands">
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159 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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160 |
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161 | <para><command>sed -i -e "s|dsssl-stylesheets|..."</command>: This command
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162 | puts an extra line in the <command>configure</command> script so that the
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163 | BLFS installed version of the DSSSL stylesheets can be discovered.</para>
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164 |
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165 | <para><parameter>--enable-thread-safety</parameter>: This switch makes the
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166 | client libraries thread-safe by allowing concurrent threads in
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167 | <filename class='libraryfile'>libpq</filename> and ECPG programs to safely
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168 | control their private connection handles.</para>
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169 |
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170 | <para><command>chown -R root:root /usr/share/doc/postgresql/html</command>:
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171 | This command corrects the improper ownership of some documentation
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172 | files.</para>
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173 |
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174 | <para><command>useradd ...</command>: Add an unprivileged user to run the
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175 | database server.</para>
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176 |
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177 | <para><command>createdb test; create table t1; insert into t1 values...;
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178 | select * from t1</command>: Create a database, add a table to it, insert
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179 | some rows into the table and select them to verify that the installation
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180 | is working properly.</para>
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181 |
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182 | </sect2>
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183 |
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184 | <sect2 role="configuration">
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185 | <title>Configuring PostgreSQL</title>
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186 |
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187 | <sect3 id="postgresql-config">
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188 | <title>Config Files</title>
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189 |
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190 | <para><filename>$PGDATA/pg_ident.con</filename>,
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191 | <filename>$PGDATA/pg_hba.conf</filename> and
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192 | <filename>$PGDATA/postgresql.conf</filename></para>
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193 |
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194 | <indexterm zone="postgresql postgresql-config">
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195 | <primary sortas="e-A.PGDATA-pg_ident.con">$PGDATA/pg_indent.con</primary>
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196 | </indexterm>
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197 |
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198 | <indexterm zone="postgresql postgresql-config">
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199 | <primary sortas="e-A.PGDATA-pg_hba.conf">$PGDATA/pg_hba_conf</primary>
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200 | </indexterm>
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201 |
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202 | <indexterm zone="postgresql postgresql-config">
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203 | <primary sortas="e-A.PGDATA-postgresql.conf">$PGDATA/postgresql.conf</primary>
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204 | </indexterm>
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205 |
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206 | <para>The <envar>PGDATA</envar> environment variable is used to
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207 | distinguish database clusters from one another by setting it to
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208 | the value of the directory which contains the cluster desired.
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209 | The three configuration files exist in every <filename
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210 | class="directory">PGDATA/</filename> directory. Details on the
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211 | format of the files and the options that can be set in each can
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212 | be found in <ulink
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213 | url="file:///usr/share/doc/postgresql/html/index.html"/>.</para>
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214 |
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215 | </sect3>
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216 |
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217 | <sect3 id="postgresql-init">
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218 | <title>Boot Script</title>
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219 |
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220 | <para>Install the <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/postgresql</filename>
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221 | init script included in the
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222 | <xref linkend="intro-important-bootscripts"/> package.</para>
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223 |
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224 | <indexterm zone="postgresql postgresql-init">
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225 | <primary sortas="f-postgresql">postgresql</primary>
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226 | </indexterm>
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227 |
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228 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install-postgresql</userinput></screen>
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229 |
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230 | </sect3>
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231 |
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232 | </sect2>
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233 |
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234 | <sect2 role="content">
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235 | <title>Contents</title>
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236 |
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237 | <segmentedlist>
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238 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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239 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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240 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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241 |
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242 | <seglistitem>
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243 | <seg>clusterdb, createdb, createlang, createuser, dropdb, droplang,
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244 | dropuser, ecpg, initdb, ipcclean, pg_config, pg_controldata, pg_ctl,
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245 | pg_dump, pg_dumpall, pg_resetxlog, pg_restore, pltcl_delmod,
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246 | pltcl_listmod, pltcl_loadmod, postgres, postmaster, psql, and
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247 | vacuumdb</seg>
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248 | <seg>libecpg.[so,a], libecpg_compat.[so,a], libpgport.a, libpgtypes.[so,a],
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249 | libpq.[so,a], and various charset modules.</seg>
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250 | <seg>/srv/pgsql, /usr/include/libpq, /usr/include/postgresql,
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251 | /usr/lib/postgresql, /usr/share/doc/postgresql, and
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252 | /usr/share/postgresql</seg>
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253 | </seglistitem>
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254 | </segmentedlist>
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255 |
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256 | <variablelist>
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257 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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258 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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259 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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260 |
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261 | <varlistentry id="clusterdb">
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262 | <term><command>clusterdb</command></term>
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263 | <listitem>
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264 | <para>is a utility for reclustering tables in a
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265 | <application>PostgreSQL</application> database.</para>
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266 | <indexterm zone="postgresql clusterdb">
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267 | <primary sortas="b-clusterdb">clusterdb</primary>
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268 | </indexterm>
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269 | </listitem>
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270 | </varlistentry>
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271 |
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272 | <varlistentry id="createdb">
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273 | <term><command>createdb</command></term>
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274 | <listitem>
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275 | <para> creates a new <application>PostgreSQL</application>
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276 | database.</para>
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277 | <indexterm zone="postgresql createdb">
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278 | <primary sortas="b-createdb">createdb</primary>
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279 | </indexterm>
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280 | </listitem>
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281 | </varlistentry>
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282 |
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283 | <varlistentry id="createlang">
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284 | <term><command>createlang</command></term>
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285 | <listitem>
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286 | <para>defines a new <application>PostgreSQL</application> procedural
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287 | language.</para>
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288 | <indexterm zone="postgresql createlang">
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289 | <primary sortas="b-createlang">createlang</primary>
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290 | </indexterm>
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291 | </listitem>
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292 | </varlistentry>
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293 |
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294 | <varlistentry id="createuser">
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295 | <term><command>createuser</command></term>
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296 | <listitem>
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297 | <para>defines a new <application>PostgreSQL</application>
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298 | user account.</para>
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299 | <indexterm zone="postgresql createuser">
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300 | <primary sortas="b-createuser">createuser</primary>
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301 | </indexterm>
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302 | </listitem>
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303 | </varlistentry>
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304 |
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305 | <varlistentry id="dropdb">
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306 | <term><command>dropdb</command></term>
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307 | <listitem>
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308 | <para>removes a <application>PostgreSQL</application> database.</para>
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309 | <indexterm zone="postgresql dropdb">
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310 | <primary sortas="b-dropdb">dropdb</primary>
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311 | </indexterm>
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312 | </listitem>
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313 | </varlistentry>
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314 |
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315 | <varlistentry id="droplang">
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316 | <term><command>droplang</command></term>
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317 | <listitem>
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318 | <para>removes a <application>PostgreSQL</application> procedural
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319 | language.</para>
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320 | <indexterm zone="postgresql droplang">
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321 | <primary sortas="b-droplang">droplang</primary>
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322 | </indexterm>
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323 | </listitem>
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324 | </varlistentry>
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325 |
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326 | <varlistentry id="dropuser">
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327 | <term><command>dropuser</command></term>
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328 | <listitem>
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329 | <para>removes a <application>PostgreSQL</application>
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330 | user account.</para>
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331 | <indexterm zone="postgresql dropuser">
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332 | <primary sortas="b-dropuser">dropuser</primary>
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333 | </indexterm>
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334 | </listitem>
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335 | </varlistentry>
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336 |
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337 | <varlistentry id="ecpg">
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338 | <term><command>ecpg</command></term>
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339 | <listitem>
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340 | <para>is the embedded SQL preprocessor.</para>
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341 | <indexterm zone="postgresql ecpg">
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342 | <primary sortas="b-ecpg">ecpg</primary>
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343 | </indexterm>
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344 | </listitem>
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345 | </varlistentry>
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346 |
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347 | <varlistentry id="initdb">
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348 | <term><command>initdb</command></term>
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349 | <listitem>
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350 | <para>creates a new database cluster.</para>
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351 | <indexterm zone="postgresql initdb">
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352 | <primary sortas="b-initdb">initdb</primary>
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353 | </indexterm>
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354 | </listitem>
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355 | </varlistentry>
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356 |
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357 | <varlistentry id="ipcclean">
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358 | <term><command>ipcclean</command></term>
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359 | <listitem>
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360 | <para>removes shared memory and semaphores left over by an aborted
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361 | database server.</para>
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362 | <indexterm zone="postgresql ipcclean">
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363 | <primary sortas="b-ipcclean">ipcclean</primary>
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364 | </indexterm>
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365 | </listitem>
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366 | </varlistentry>
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367 |
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368 | <varlistentry id="pg_config">
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369 | <term><command>pg_config</command></term>
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370 | <listitem>
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371 | <para>retrieves <application>PostgreSQL</application> version
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372 | information.</para>
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373 | <indexterm zone="postgresql pg_config">
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374 | <primary sortas="b-pg_config">pg_config</primary>
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375 | </indexterm>
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376 | </listitem>
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377 | </varlistentry>
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378 |
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379 | <varlistentry id="pg_controldata">
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380 | <term><command>pg_controldata</command></term>
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381 | <listitem>
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382 | <para>returns information initialized during
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383 | <command>initdb</command>, such as the catalog version and server
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384 | locale.</para>
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385 | <indexterm zone="postgresql pg_controldata">
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386 | <primary sortas="b-pg_controldata">pg_controldata</primary>
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387 | </indexterm>
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388 | </listitem>
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389 | </varlistentry>
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390 |
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391 | <varlistentry id="pg_ctl">
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392 | <term><command>pg_ctl</command></term>
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393 | <listitem>
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394 | <para>controls stopping and starting the database server.</para>
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395 | <indexterm zone="postgresql pg_ctl">
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396 | <primary sortas="b-pg_ctl">pg_ctl</primary>
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397 | </indexterm>
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398 | </listitem>
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399 | </varlistentry>
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400 |
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401 | <varlistentry id="pg_dump">
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402 | <term><command>pg_dump</command></term>
|
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403 | <listitem>
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404 | <para>dumps database data and metadata into scripts which are used
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405 | to recreate the database.</para>
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406 | <indexterm zone="postgresql pg_dump">
|
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407 | <primary sortas="b-pg_dump">pg_dump</primary>
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408 | </indexterm>
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409 | </listitem>
|
---|
410 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
411 |
|
---|
412 | <varlistentry id="pg_dumpall">
|
---|
413 | <term><command>pg_dumpall</command></term>
|
---|
414 | <listitem>
|
---|
415 | <para>recursively calls <command>pg_dump</command> for each
|
---|
416 | database in a cluster.</para>
|
---|
417 | <indexterm zone="postgresql pg_dumpall">
|
---|
418 | <primary sortas="b-pg_dumpall">pg_dumpall</primary>
|
---|
419 | </indexterm>
|
---|
420 | </listitem>
|
---|
421 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
422 |
|
---|
423 | <varlistentry id="pg_resetxlog">
|
---|
424 | <term><command>pg_resetxlog</command></term>
|
---|
425 | <listitem>
|
---|
426 | <para>clears the write-ahead log and optionally resets some
|
---|
427 | fields in the <filename>pg_control</filename> file.</para>
|
---|
428 | <indexterm zone="postgresql pg_resetxlog">
|
---|
429 | <primary sortas="b-pg_resetxlog">pg_resetxlog</primary>
|
---|
430 | </indexterm>
|
---|
431 | </listitem>
|
---|
432 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
433 |
|
---|
434 | <varlistentry id="pg_restore">
|
---|
435 | <term><command>pg_restore</command></term>
|
---|
436 | <listitem>
|
---|
437 | <para>creates databases from dump files created by
|
---|
438 | <command>pg_dump</command>.</para>
|
---|
439 | <indexterm zone="postgresql pg_restore">
|
---|
440 | <primary sortas="b-pg_restore">pg_restore</primary>
|
---|
441 | </indexterm>
|
---|
442 | </listitem>
|
---|
443 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
444 |
|
---|
445 | <varlistentry id="pltcl_delmod">
|
---|
446 | <term><command>pltcl_delmod</command></term>
|
---|
447 | <listitem>
|
---|
448 | <para>is a support script used to delete a module from a
|
---|
449 | PL/<application>Tcl</application> table. The command
|
---|
450 | requires the <ulink
|
---|
451 | url="http://gborg.postgresql.org/project/pgtcl/">Pgtcl</ulink>
|
---|
452 | package to be installed also.</para>
|
---|
453 | <indexterm zone="postgresql pltcl_delmod">
|
---|
454 | <primary sortas="b-pltcl_delmod">pltcl_delmod</primary>
|
---|
455 | </indexterm>
|
---|
456 | </listitem>
|
---|
457 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
458 |
|
---|
459 | <varlistentry id="pltcl_listmod">
|
---|
460 | <term><command>pltcl_listmod</command></term>
|
---|
461 | <listitem>
|
---|
462 | <para>is a support script used to list the modules in a
|
---|
463 | PL/<application>Tcl</application> table. The command
|
---|
464 | requires the <ulink
|
---|
465 | url="http://gborg.postgresql.org/project/pgtcl/">Pgtcl</ulink>
|
---|
466 | package to be installed also.</para>
|
---|
467 | <indexterm zone="postgresql pltcl_listmod">
|
---|
468 | <primary sortas="b-pltcl_listmod">pltcl_listmod</primary>
|
---|
469 | </indexterm>
|
---|
470 | </listitem>
|
---|
471 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
472 |
|
---|
473 | <varlistentry id="pltcl_loadmod">
|
---|
474 | <term><command>pltcl_loadmod</command></term>
|
---|
475 | <listitem>
|
---|
476 | <para>is a support script used to load a module into a
|
---|
477 | PL/<application>Tcl</application> table. The command
|
---|
478 | requires the <ulink
|
---|
479 | url="http://gborg.postgresql.org/project/pgtcl/">Pgtcl</ulink>
|
---|
480 | package to be installed also.</para>
|
---|
481 | <indexterm zone="postgresql pltcl_loadmod">
|
---|
482 | <primary sortas="b-pltcl_loadmod">pltcl_loadmod</primary>
|
---|
483 | </indexterm>
|
---|
484 | </listitem>
|
---|
485 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
486 |
|
---|
487 | <varlistentry id="postgres">
|
---|
488 | <term><command>postgres</command></term>
|
---|
489 | <listitem>
|
---|
490 | <para>is a single user database server, generally used for
|
---|
491 | debugging.</para>
|
---|
492 | <indexterm zone="postgresql postgres">
|
---|
493 | <primary sortas="b-postgres">postgres</primary>
|
---|
494 | </indexterm>
|
---|
495 | </listitem>
|
---|
496 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
497 |
|
---|
498 | <varlistentry id="postmaster">
|
---|
499 | <term><command>postmaster</command></term>
|
---|
500 | <listitem>
|
---|
501 | <para>is a multi-user database daemon.</para>
|
---|
502 | <indexterm zone="postgresql postmaster">
|
---|
503 | <primary sortas="b-postmaster">postmaster</primary>
|
---|
504 | </indexterm>
|
---|
505 | </listitem>
|
---|
506 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
507 |
|
---|
508 | <varlistentry id="psql">
|
---|
509 | <term><command>psql</command></term>
|
---|
510 | <listitem>
|
---|
511 | <para>is a console based database shell.</para>
|
---|
512 | <indexterm zone="postgresql psql">
|
---|
513 | <primary sortas="b-psql">psql</primary>
|
---|
514 | </indexterm>
|
---|
515 | </listitem>
|
---|
516 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
517 |
|
---|
518 | <varlistentry id="vacuumdb">
|
---|
519 | <term><command>vacuumdb</command></term>
|
---|
520 | <listitem>
|
---|
521 | <para>compacts databases and generates statistics for the query
|
---|
522 | analyzer.</para>
|
---|
523 | <indexterm zone="postgresql vacuumdb">
|
---|
524 | <primary sortas="b-vacuumdb">vacuumdb</primary>
|
---|
525 | </indexterm>
|
---|
526 | </listitem>
|
---|
527 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
528 |
|
---|
529 | </variablelist>
|
---|
530 |
|
---|
531 | </sect2>
|
---|
532 |
|
---|
533 | </sect1>
|
---|