source: server/mail/exim.xml@ 638fc4a

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
   "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
  %general-entities;

  <!-- This URL frequently becomes broken. Please, do not "fix' it back,
       unless you decided to take care of and monitor it.
  <!ENTITY exim-download-http   "http://ftp.exim.org/pub/exim/exim4/exim-&exim-version;.tar.bz2"> -->

  <!ENTITY exim-download-http   "http://mirrors-usa.go-parts.com/eximftp/exim/exim4/exim-&exim-version;.tar.bz2">
  <!ENTITY exim-download-ftp    "ftp://ftp.exim.org/pub/exim/exim4/exim-&exim-version;.tar.bz2">
  <!-- if above don't work, please use one of the official mirrors at
       http://www.exim.org/mirmon/ftp_mirrors.html -->
  <!ENTITY exim-md5sum          "2effc2bd47ad2dc010f655c11a1b1173">
  <!ENTITY exim-size            "1.7 MB">
  <!ENTITY exim-buildsize       "17 MB">
  <!ENTITY exim-time            "0.2 SBU">



  <!ENTITY exim-daemon-version  "&exim-version;-3">
]>

<sect1 id="exim" xreflabel="Exim-&exim-version;">
  <?dbhtml filename="exim.html"?>

  <sect1info>
    <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
    <date>$Date$</date>
  </sect1info>

  <title>Exim-&exim-version;</title>

  <indexterm zone="exim">
    <primary sortas="a-Exim">Exim</primary>
  </indexterm>

  <sect2 role="package">
    <title>Introduction to Exim</title>

    <para>The <application>Exim</application> package contains a Mail
    Transport Agent written by the University of Cambridge, released
    under the GNU Public License.</para>

    &lfs7a_checked;

    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
    <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
      <listitem>
        <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&exim-download-http;"/></para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&exim-download-ftp;"/></para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Download MD5 sum: &exim-md5sum;</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Download size: &exim-size;</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Estimated disk space required: &exim-buildsize;</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Estimated build time: &exim-time;</para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
    <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
      <listitem>
        <para>Additional formats of the documentation (text-based docs are
        shipped with the sources) can be downloaded by following the links
        shown at <ulink url="http://exim.org/docs.html"/>.</para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Exim Dependencies</bridgehead>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
    <para role="required">
      <xref linkend="pcre"/>
    </para>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
    <para role="optional">
      <xref linkend="db"/> or
      <ulink url="http://sourceforge.net/projects/tdb">TDB</ulink>
      (alternatives to GDBM, built in LFS),
      <xref linkend="cyrus-sasl"/>,
      <xref linkend="libidn"/>,
      <xref linkend="linux-pam"/>,
      <xref linkend="mariadb"/> or
      <ulink url="http://www.mysql.com/">MySQL</ulink>,
      <xref linkend="openldap"/>,
      <xref linkend="openssl"/> or <xref linkend="gnutls"/>,
      <xref linkend="postgresql"/>,
      <xref linkend="sqlite"/>,
      <xref linkend="x-window-system"/>, and
      <ulink url="http://www.trusteddomain.org/opendmarc/">OpenDMARC</ulink>
    </para>

    <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
    <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/exim"/></para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="installation">
    <title>Installation of Exim</title>

    <para>Before building <application>Exim</application>, as the
    <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user you should create
    the group and user <systemitem class="username">exim</systemitem> which
    will run the <command>exim</command> daemon:</para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>groupadd -g 31 exim &amp;&amp;
useradd -d /dev/null -c "Exim Daemon" -g exim -s /bin/false -u 31 exim</userinput></screen>

    <para>Install <application>Exim</application> with the following
    commands:</para>

<screen><userinput>sed -e 's,^BIN_DIR.*$,BIN_DIRECTORY=/usr/sbin,' \
    -e 's,^CONF.*$,CONFIGURE_FILE=/etc/exim.conf,' \
    -e 's,^EXIM_USER.*$,EXIM_USER=exim,' \
    -e 's,^EXIM_MONITOR,#EXIM_MONITOR,' src/EDITME > Local/Makefile &amp;&amp;
printf "USE_GDBM = yes\nDBMLIB = -lgdbm\n" >> Local/Makefile &amp;&amp;
make</userinput></screen>

    <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>

    <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>

<!-- dev note: make INSTALL_ARG=-no_chown DESTDIR=<DESTDIR> install -->

<screen role="root"><userinput>make install                                      &amp;&amp;
install -v -m644 doc/exim.8 /usr/share/man/man8   &amp;&amp;
install -v -d -m755 /usr/share/doc/exim-&exim-version;    &amp;&amp;
install -v -m644 doc/* /usr/share/doc/exim-&exim-version; &amp;&amp;
ln -sfv exim /usr/sbin/sendmail                   &amp;&amp;
install -v -d -m750 -o exim -g exim /var/spool/exim</userinput></screen>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="commands">
    <title>Command Explanations</title>

    <para><command>sed -e ... > Local/Makefile</command>: Most of
    <application>Exim</application>'s configuration options are compiled in using
    the directives in <filename>Local/Makefile</filename> which is created from
    the <filename>src/EDITME</filename> file. This command specifies the minimum
    set of options. Descriptions for the options are listed below.</para>

    <para><command>printf ... > Local/Makefile</command>: Setting those
    variables allows to use GDBM instead of the default Berkeley DB. Remove
    this command if you have installed <xref linkend="db"/>.</para>

    <para><parameter>BIN_DIRECTORY=/usr/sbin</parameter>: This installs all of
    <application>Exim</application>'s binaries and scripts in
    <filename class='directory'>/usr/sbin</filename>.</para>

    <para><parameter>CONFIGURE_FILE=/etc/exim.conf</parameter>: This installs
    <application>Exim</application>'s main configuration file in
    <filename class='directory'>/etc</filename>.</para>

    <para><parameter>EXIM_USER=exim</parameter>: This tells
    <application>Exim</application> that after the daemon no longer needs
    <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> privileges, the process
    hands off the daemon to the <systemitem
    class="username">exim</systemitem> user.</para>

    <para><parameter>#EXIM_MONITOR</parameter>: This defers building the
    <application>Exim</application> monitor program, as it requires
    <application>X Window System</application> support, by commenting out the
    <parameter>EXIM_MONITOR</parameter> line in the <filename>Makefile</filename>.
    If you wish to build the monitor program, omit this <command>sed</command>
    command and issue the following command before building the package (modify
    <filename>Local/eximon.conf</filename>, if necessary):
    <command>cp exim_monitor/EDITME Local/eximon.conf</command>.</para>

    <para><command>ln -sfv exim /usr/sbin/sendmail</command>: Creates a link to
    <command>sendmail</command> for applications which need it.
    <application>Exim</application> will accept most
    <application>Sendmail</application> command-line options.</para>

    <para><command>install -v -m750 -o exim -g exim /var/spool/exim</command>:
    Since /var/spool is owned by root and this version of <command>exim</command>
    drops <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> privileges early, to
    run as user <systemitem class="username">exim</systemitem>, it cannot create
    the <filename class="directory">/var/spool/exim</filename> directory. As a
    work around, it is created manually.</para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="commands">
    <title>Adding Additional Functionality</title>

    <para>To utilize some or all of the dependency packages, you'll need to
    modify <filename>Local/Makefile</filename> to include the appropriate
    directives and parameters to link additional libraries before you build
    <application>Exim</application>. <filename>Local/Makefile</filename> is
    heavily commented with instructions on how to do this. Listed below is
    additional information to help you link these dependency packages or
    add additional functionality.</para>

    <para>If you wish to build and install the
    <filename class='extension'>.info</filename> documentation, refer to <ulink
    url="http://exim.org/exim-html-&exim-version;/doc/html/spec_html/ch04.html#SECTinsinfdoc"/>.</para>

    <para>If you wish to build in Exim's interfaces for calling virus and spam
    scanning software directly from access control lists, uncomment the
    <option>WITH_CONTENT_SCAN=yes</option> parameter and review the information
    found at <ulink
    url="http://exim.org/exim-html-&exim-version;/doc/html/spec_html/ch41.html"/>.</para>

    <para>To use a backend database other than <application>Berkeley
    DB</application>, see the instructions at <ulink
    url="http://exim.org/exim-html-&exim-version;/doc/html/spec_html/ch04.html#SECTdb"/>.</para>

    <para>For SSL functionality, see the instructions at <ulink
    url="http://exim.org/exim-html-&exim-version;/doc/html/spec_html/ch04.html#SECTinctlsssl"/>
    and <ulink
    url="http://exim.org/exim-html-&exim-version;/doc/html/spec_html/ch39.html"/>.</para>

    <para>For <application>tcpwrappers</application> functionality, see the
    instructions at <ulink
    url="http://exim.org/exim-html-&exim-version;/doc/html/spec_html/ch04.html#SECID27"/>.</para>

    <para>For information about adding authentication mechanisms to the
    build, see chapters 33-37 of <ulink
    url="http://exim.org/exim-html-&exim-version;/doc/html/spec_html/index.html"/>.</para>

    <para>For information about linking <application>Linux-PAM</application>,
    refer to the instructions <ulink
    url="http://exim.org/exim-html-&exim-version;/doc/html/spec_html/ch11.html#SECTexpcond"/>.</para>

    <para>For information about linking database engine libraries used for
    <application>Exim</application> name lookups, see the instructions at <ulink
    url="http://exim.org/exim-html-&exim-version;/doc/html/spec_html/ch09.html"/>.</para>

    <para>If you wish to add <application>Readline</application> support to
    <application>Exim</application> when invoked in <quote>test expansion</quote>
    (<option>-be</option>) mode, see the information in the <option>-be</option>
    section of <ulink
    url="http://exim.org/exim-html-&exim-version;/doc/html/spec_html/ch05.html#id2525974"/>.</para>

    <para>You may wish to modify the default configuration and send log files to
    syslog instead of the default
    <filename class='directory'>/var/spool/exim/log</filename> directory. See the
    information at <ulink
    url="http://exim.org/exim-html-&exim-version;/doc/html/spec_html/ch49.html"/>.</para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="configuration">
    <title>Configuring Exim</title>

    <sect3 id="exim-config">
      <title>Config Files</title>

      <para><filename>/etc/exim.conf</filename> and
      <filename>/etc/aliases</filename></para>

      <indexterm zone="exim exim-config">
        <primary sortas="e-etc-exim.conf">/etc/exim.conf</primary>
      </indexterm>

      <indexterm zone="exim exim-config">
        <primary sortas="e-etc-aliases">/etc/aliases</primary>
      </indexterm>

    </sect3>

    <sect3>
      <title>Configuration Information</title>

      <para>
        Review the file <filename>/etc/exim.conf</filename>, and modify any
        settings to suit your needs. Note that the default configuration
        assumes that the <filename class="directory">/var/mail</filename>
        directory is world writable, but has the stiky bit set. If you want
        to use the default configuration, issue as the <systemitem
        class="username">root</systemitem> user:
     </para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>chmod -v a+wt /var/mail</userinput></screen>
        
      <para>
        A default (nothing but comments) <filename>/etc/aliases</filename>
        file is installed during the package installation if this file did not
        exist on your system. Create the necessary aliases and start the
        <application>Exim</application> daemon using the following commands:
      </para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/aliases &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>postmaster: root
MAILER-DAEMON: root</literal>
EOF
exim -v -bi &amp;&amp;
/usr/sbin/exim -bd -q15m</userinput></screen>

      <note>
        <para>To protect an existing <filename>/etc/aliases</filename> file,
        the command above appends these aliases to it. This file should be
        checked and duplicate aliases removed, if present.</para>
      </note>

      <para>The <command>/usr/sbin/exim -bd -q15m</command> command starts
      the <application>Exim</application> daemon with a 15 minute interval
      in processing the mail queue. Adjust this parameter to suit your
      desires.</para>

    </sect3>

    <sect3  id="exim-init">
      <title><phrase revision="sysv">Boot Script</phrase>
             <phrase revision="systemd">Systemd Unit</phrase></title>

      <para>To automatically start <command>exim</command> at boot,
      install the
      <phrase revision="sysv"><filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/exim</filename>
      init script</phrase>
      <phrase revision="systemd"><filename>exim.service</filename> unit</phrase>
      included in the <xref linkend="bootscripts" revision="sysv"/>
      <xref linkend="systemd-units" revision="systemd"/> package.</para>

      <indexterm zone="exim exim-init">
        <primary sortas="f-exim">exim</primary>
      </indexterm>

<screen role="root"><userinput>make install-exim</userinput></screen>

      <para revision="sysv">The bootscript also starts the
      <application>Exim</application> daemon and dispatches a queue runner
      process every 15 minutes. Modify the
      <option>-q<replaceable>&lt;time interval&gt;</replaceable></option>
      parameter in <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/exim</filename>, if necessary
      for your installation.</para>

    </sect3>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="content">
    <title>Contents</title>

    <segmentedlist>
      <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>

      <seglistitem>
        <seg>exicyclog, exigrep, exim, exim-&exim-daemon-version;, exim_checkaccess,
        exim_dbmbuild, exim_dumpdb, exim_fixdb, exim_lock, exim_tidydb,
        eximstats, exinext, exipick, exiqgrep, exiqsumm, exiwhat, and
        optionally, eximon, eximon.bin, and sendmail (symlink)</seg>
        <seg>None</seg>
        <seg>/usr/share/doc/exim-&exim-version; and /var/spool/exim</seg>
      </seglistitem>
    </segmentedlist>

    <variablelist>
      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>

      <varlistentry id="exicyclog">
        <term><command>exicyclog</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>cycles <application>Exim</application> log files.</para>
          <indexterm zone="exim exicyclog">
            <primary sortas="b-exicyclog">exicyclog</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="exigrep">
        <term><command>exigrep</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>searches <application>Exim</application> log files.</para>
          <indexterm zone="exim exigrep">
            <primary sortas="b-exigrep">exigrep</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="exim-prog">
        <term><command>exim</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>is a symlink to the <command>exim-&exim-daemon-version;</command>
          MTA daemon.</para>
          <indexterm zone="exim exim-prog">
            <primary sortas="b-exim">exim</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="exim-current_version">
        <term><command>exim-&exim-daemon-version;</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>is the <application>Exim</application> mail transport
          agent daemon.</para>
          <indexterm zone="exim exim-current_version">
            <primary sortas="b-exim-&exim-daemon-version;">exim-&exim-daemon-version;</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="exim_checkaccess">
        <term><command>exim_checkaccess</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>states whether a given recipient address from a given host is
          acceptable or not.</para>
          <indexterm zone="exim exim_checkaccess">
            <primary sortas="b-exim_checkaccess">exim_checkaccess</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="exim_dbmbuild">
        <term><command>exim_dbmbuild</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para> creates and rebuilds <application>Exim</application>
          databases.</para>
          <indexterm zone="exim exim_dbmbuild">
            <primary sortas="b-exim_dbmbuild">exim_dbmbuild</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="exim_dumpdb">
        <term><command>exim_dumpdb</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para> writes the contents of <application>Exim</application>
          databases to the standard output.</para>
          <indexterm zone="exim exim_dumpdb">
            <primary sortas="b-exim_dumpdb">exim_dumpdb</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="exim_fixdb">
        <term><command>exim_fixdb</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>modifies data in <application>Exim</application>
          databases.</para>
          <indexterm zone="exim exim_fixdb">
            <primary sortas="b-exim_fixdb">exim_fixdb</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="exim_lock">
        <term><command>exim_lock</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>locks a mailbox file.</para>
          <indexterm zone="exim exim_lock">
            <primary sortas="b-exim_lock">exim_lock</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="exim_tidydb">
        <term><command>exim_tidydb</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>removes old records from <application>Exim</application>
          databases.</para>
          <indexterm zone="exim exim_tidydb">
            <primary sortas="b-exim_tidydb">exim_tidydb</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="eximstats">
        <term><command>eximstats</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>generates mail statistics from <application>Exim</application>
          log files.</para>
          <indexterm zone="exim eximstats">
            <primary sortas="b-eximstats">eximstats</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="exinext">
        <term><command>exinext</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>queries remote host retry times.</para>
          <indexterm zone="exim exinext">
            <primary sortas="b-exinext">exinext</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="exipick">
        <term><command>exipick</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>selects messages based on various criteria.</para>
          <indexterm zone="exim exipick">
            <primary sortas="b-exipick">exipick</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="exiqgrep">
        <term><command>exiqgrep</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>is a utility for selective queue listing.</para>
          <indexterm zone="exim exiqgrep">
            <primary sortas="b-exiqgrep">exiqgrep</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="exiqsumm">
        <term><command>exiqsumm</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>produces a summary of the messages in the mail queue.</para>
          <indexterm zone="exim exiqsumm">
            <primary sortas="b-exiqsumm">exiqsumm</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="exiwhat">
        <term><command>exiwhat</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>queries running <application>Exim</application>
          processes.</para>
          <indexterm zone="exim exiwhat">
            <primary sortas="b-exiwhat">exiwhat</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="eximon">
        <term><command>eximon</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>is a start-up shell script for <command>eximon.bin</command>
          used to set the required environment variables before running the
          program.</para>
          <indexterm zone="exim eximon">
            <primary sortas="b-eximon">eximon</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="eximon.bin">
        <term><command>eximon.bin</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>is a monitor program which displays current information in an
          <application>X</application> window, and also contains a menu interface
          to <application>Exim</application>'s command line administration
          options.</para>
          <indexterm zone="exim eximon.bin">
            <primary sortas="b-eximon.bin">eximon.bin</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

    </variablelist>

  </sect2>

</sect1>