source: server/mail/exim.xml@ 3a49c0b

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Last change on this file since 3a49c0b was 3a49c0b, checked in by Pierre Labastie <pieere@…>, 8 years ago

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6
7 <!-- This URL frequently becomes broken. Please, do not "fix' it back,
8 unless you decided to take care of and monitor it.
9 <!ENTITY exim-download-http "http://ftp.exim.org/pub/exim/exim4/exim-&exim-version;.tar.bz2"> -->
10
11 <!ENTITY exim-download-http "http://mirrors-usa.go-parts.com/eximftp/exim/exim4/exim-&exim-version;.tar.bz2">
12 <!ENTITY exim-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.exim.org/pub/exim/exim4/exim-&exim-version;.tar.bz2">
13 <!-- if above don't work, please use one of the official mirrors at
14 http://www.exim.org/mirmon/ftp_mirrors.html -->
15 <!ENTITY exim-md5sum "2effc2bd47ad2dc010f655c11a1b1173">
16 <!ENTITY exim-size "1.7 MB">
17 <!ENTITY exim-buildsize "17 MB">
18 <!ENTITY exim-time "0.2 SBU">
19
20
21
22 <!ENTITY exim-daemon-version "&exim-version;-3">
23]>
24
25<sect1 id="exim" xreflabel="Exim-&exim-version;">
26 <?dbhtml filename="exim.html"?>
27
28 <sect1info>
29 <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
30 <date>$Date$</date>
31 </sect1info>
32
33 <title>Exim-&exim-version;</title>
34
35 <indexterm zone="exim">
36 <primary sortas="a-Exim">Exim</primary>
37 </indexterm>
38
39 <sect2 role="package">
40 <title>Introduction to Exim</title>
41
42 <para>The <application>Exim</application> package contains a Mail
43 Transport Agent written by the University of Cambridge, released
44 under the GNU Public License.</para>
45
46 &lfs7a_checked;
47
48 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
49 <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
50 <listitem>
51 <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&exim-download-http;"/></para>
52 </listitem>
53 <listitem>
54 <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&exim-download-ftp;"/></para>
55 </listitem>
56 <listitem>
57 <para>Download MD5 sum: &exim-md5sum;</para>
58 </listitem>
59 <listitem>
60 <para>Download size: &exim-size;</para>
61 </listitem>
62 <listitem>
63 <para>Estimated disk space required: &exim-buildsize;</para>
64 </listitem>
65 <listitem>
66 <para>Estimated build time: &exim-time;</para>
67 </listitem>
68 </itemizedlist>
69
70 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
71 <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
72 <listitem>
73 <para>Additional formats of the documentation (text-based docs are
74 shipped with the sources) can be downloaded by following the links
75 shown at <ulink url="http://exim.org/docs.html"/>.</para>
76 </listitem>
77 </itemizedlist>
78
79 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Exim Dependencies</bridgehead>
80
81 <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
82 <para role="required">
83 <xref linkend="pcre"/>
84 </para>
85
86 <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
87 <para role="optional">
88 <xref linkend="db"/> or
89 <ulink url="http://sourceforge.net/projects/tdb">TDB</ulink>
90 (alternatives to GDBM, built in LFS),
91 <xref linkend="cyrus-sasl"/>,
92 <xref linkend="libidn"/>,
93 <xref linkend="linux-pam"/>,
94 <xref linkend="mariadb"/> or
95 <ulink url="http://www.mysql.com/">MySQL</ulink>,
96 <xref linkend="openldap"/>,
97 <xref linkend="openssl"/> or <xref linkend="gnutls"/>,
98 <xref linkend="postgresql"/>,
99 <xref linkend="sqlite"/>,
100 <xref linkend="x-window-system"/>, and
101 <ulink url="http://www.trusteddomain.org/opendmarc/">OpenDMARC</ulink>
102 </para>
103
104 <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
105 <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/exim"/></para>
106
107 </sect2>
108
109 <sect2 role="installation">
110 <title>Installation of Exim</title>
111
112 <para>Before building <application>Exim</application>, as the
113 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user you should create
114 the group and user <systemitem class="username">exim</systemitem> which
115 will run the <command>exim</command> daemon:</para>
116
117<screen role="root"><userinput>groupadd -g 31 exim &amp;&amp;
118useradd -d /dev/null -c "Exim Daemon" -g exim -s /bin/false -u 31 exim</userinput></screen>
119
120 <para>Install <application>Exim</application> with the following
121 commands:</para>
122
123<screen><userinput>sed -e 's,^BIN_DIR.*$,BIN_DIRECTORY=/usr/sbin,' \
124 -e 's,^CONF.*$,CONFIGURE_FILE=/etc/exim.conf,' \
125 -e 's,^EXIM_USER.*$,EXIM_USER=exim,' \
126 -e 's,^EXIM_MONITOR,#EXIM_MONITOR,' src/EDITME > Local/Makefile &amp;&amp;
127printf "USE_GDBM = yes\nDBMLIB = -lgdbm\n" >> Local/Makefile &amp;&amp;
128make</userinput></screen>
129
130 <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
131
132 <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
133
134<!-- dev note: make INSTALL_ARG=-no_chown DESTDIR=<DESTDIR> install -->
135
136<screen role="root"><userinput>make install &amp;&amp;
137install -v -m644 doc/exim.8 /usr/share/man/man8 &amp;&amp;
138install -v -d -m755 /usr/share/doc/exim-&exim-version; &amp;&amp;
139install -v -m644 doc/* /usr/share/doc/exim-&exim-version; &amp;&amp;
140ln -sfv exim /usr/sbin/sendmail &amp;&amp;
141install -v -d -m750 -o exim -g exim /var/spool/exim</userinput></screen>
142
143 </sect2>
144
145 <sect2 role="commands">
146 <title>Command Explanations</title>
147
148 <para><command>sed -e ... > Local/Makefile</command>: Most of
149 <application>Exim</application>'s configuration options are compiled in using
150 the directives in <filename>Local/Makefile</filename> which is created from
151 the <filename>src/EDITME</filename> file. This command specifies the minimum
152 set of options. Descriptions for the options are listed below.</para>
153
154 <para><command>printf ... > Local/Makefile</command>: Setting those
155 variables allows to use GDBM instead of the default Berkeley DB. Remove
156 this command if you have installed <xref linkend="db"/>.</para>
157
158 <para><parameter>BIN_DIRECTORY=/usr/sbin</parameter>: This installs all of
159 <application>Exim</application>'s binaries and scripts in
160 <filename class='directory'>/usr/sbin</filename>.</para>
161
162 <para><parameter>CONFIGURE_FILE=/etc/exim.conf</parameter>: This installs
163 <application>Exim</application>'s main configuration file in
164 <filename class='directory'>/etc</filename>.</para>
165
166 <para><parameter>EXIM_USER=exim</parameter>: This tells
167 <application>Exim</application> that after the daemon no longer needs
168 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> privileges, the process
169 hands off the daemon to the <systemitem
170 class="username">exim</systemitem> user.</para>
171
172 <para><parameter>#EXIM_MONITOR</parameter>: This defers building the
173 <application>Exim</application> monitor program, as it requires
174 <application>X Window System</application> support, by commenting out the
175 <parameter>EXIM_MONITOR</parameter> line in the <filename>Makefile</filename>.
176 If you wish to build the monitor program, omit this <command>sed</command>
177 command and issue the following command before building the package (modify
178 <filename>Local/eximon.conf</filename>, if necessary):
179 <command>cp exim_monitor/EDITME Local/eximon.conf</command>.</para>
180
181 <para><command>ln -sfv exim /usr/sbin/sendmail</command>: Creates a link to
182 <command>sendmail</command> for applications which need it.
183 <application>Exim</application> will accept most
184 <application>Sendmail</application> command-line options.</para>
185
186 <para><command>install -v -m750 -o exim -g exim /var/spool/exim</command>:
187 Since /var/spool is owned by root and this version of <command>exim</command>
188 drops <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> privileges early, to
189 run as user <systemitem class="username">exim</systemitem>, it cannot create
190 the <filename class="directory">/var/spool/exim</filename> directory. As a
191 work around, it is created manually.</para>
192
193 </sect2>
194
195 <sect2 role="commands">
196 <title>Adding Additional Functionality</title>
197
198 <para>To utilize some or all of the dependency packages, you'll need to
199 modify <filename>Local/Makefile</filename> to include the appropriate
200 directives and parameters to link additional libraries before you build
201 <application>Exim</application>. <filename>Local/Makefile</filename> is
202 heavily commented with instructions on how to do this. Listed below is
203 additional information to help you link these dependency packages or
204 add additional functionality.</para>
205
206 <para>If you wish to build and install the
207 <filename class='extension'>.info</filename> documentation, refer to <ulink
208 url="http://exim.org/exim-html-&exim-version;/doc/html/spec_html/ch04.html#SECTinsinfdoc"/>.</para>
209
210 <para>If you wish to build in Exim's interfaces for calling virus and spam
211 scanning software directly from access control lists, uncomment the
212 <option>WITH_CONTENT_SCAN=yes</option> parameter and review the information
213 found at <ulink
214 url="http://exim.org/exim-html-&exim-version;/doc/html/spec_html/ch41.html"/>.</para>
215
216 <para>To use a backend database other than <application>Berkeley
217 DB</application>, see the instructions at <ulink
218 url="http://exim.org/exim-html-&exim-version;/doc/html/spec_html/ch04.html#SECTdb"/>.</para>
219
220 <para>For SSL functionality, see the instructions at <ulink
221 url="http://exim.org/exim-html-&exim-version;/doc/html/spec_html/ch04.html#SECTinctlsssl"/>
222 and <ulink
223 url="http://exim.org/exim-html-&exim-version;/doc/html/spec_html/ch39.html"/>.</para>
224
225 <para>For <application>tcpwrappers</application> functionality, see the
226 instructions at <ulink
227 url="http://exim.org/exim-html-&exim-version;/doc/html/spec_html/ch04.html#SECID27"/>.</para>
228
229 <para>For information about adding authentication mechanisms to the
230 build, see chapters 33-37 of <ulink
231 url="http://exim.org/exim-html-&exim-version;/doc/html/spec_html/index.html"/>.</para>
232
233 <para>For information about linking <application>Linux-PAM</application>,
234 refer to the instructions <ulink
235 url="http://exim.org/exim-html-&exim-version;/doc/html/spec_html/ch11.html#SECTexpcond"/>.</para>
236
237 <para>For information about linking database engine libraries used for
238 <application>Exim</application> name lookups, see the instructions at <ulink
239 url="http://exim.org/exim-html-&exim-version;/doc/html/spec_html/ch09.html"/>.</para>
240
241 <para>If you wish to add <application>Readline</application> support to
242 <application>Exim</application> when invoked in <quote>test expansion</quote>
243 (<option>-be</option>) mode, see the information in the <option>-be</option>
244 section of <ulink
245 url="http://exim.org/exim-html-&exim-version;/doc/html/spec_html/ch05.html#id2525974"/>.</para>
246
247 <para>You may wish to modify the default configuration and send log files to
248 syslog instead of the default
249 <filename class='directory'>/var/spool/exim/log</filename> directory. See the
250 information at <ulink
251 url="http://exim.org/exim-html-&exim-version;/doc/html/spec_html/ch49.html"/>.</para>
252
253 </sect2>
254
255 <sect2 role="configuration">
256 <title>Configuring Exim</title>
257
258 <sect3 id="exim-config">
259 <title>Config Files</title>
260
261 <para><filename>/etc/exim.conf</filename> and
262 <filename>/etc/aliases</filename></para>
263
264 <indexterm zone="exim exim-config">
265 <primary sortas="e-etc-exim.conf">/etc/exim.conf</primary>
266 </indexterm>
267
268 <indexterm zone="exim exim-config">
269 <primary sortas="e-etc-aliases">/etc/aliases</primary>
270 </indexterm>
271
272 </sect3>
273
274 <sect3>
275 <title>Configuration Information</title>
276
277 <para>
278 Review the file <filename>/etc/exim.conf</filename>, and modify any
279 settings to suit your needs. Note that the default configuration
280 assumes that the <filename class="directory">/var/mail</filename>
281 directory is world writable, but has the stiky bit set. If you want
282 to use the default configuration, issue as the <systemitem
283 class="username">root</systemitem> user:
284 </para>
285
286<screen role="root"><userinput>chmod -v a+wt /var/mail</userinput></screen>
287
288 <para>
289 A default (nothing but comments) <filename>/etc/aliases</filename>
290 file is installed during the package installation if this file did not
291 exist on your system. Create the necessary aliases and start the
292 <application>Exim</application> daemon using the following commands:
293 </para>
294
295<screen role="root"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/aliases &lt;&lt; "EOF"
296<literal>postmaster: root
297MAILER-DAEMON: root</literal>
298EOF
299exim -v -bi &amp;&amp;
300/usr/sbin/exim -bd -q15m</userinput></screen>
301
302 <note>
303 <para>To protect an existing <filename>/etc/aliases</filename> file,
304 the command above appends these aliases to it. This file should be
305 checked and duplicate aliases removed, if present.</para>
306 </note>
307
308 <para>The <command>/usr/sbin/exim -bd -q15m</command> command starts
309 the <application>Exim</application> daemon with a 15 minute interval
310 in processing the mail queue. Adjust this parameter to suit your
311 desires.</para>
312
313 </sect3>
314
315 <sect3 id="exim-init">
316 <title><phrase revision="sysv">Boot Script</phrase>
317 <phrase revision="systemd">Systemd Unit</phrase></title>
318
319 <para>To automatically start <command>exim</command> at boot,
320 install the
321 <phrase revision="sysv"><filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/exim</filename>
322 init script</phrase>
323 <phrase revision="systemd"><filename>exim.service</filename> unit</phrase>
324 included in the <xref linkend="bootscripts" revision="sysv"/>
325 <xref linkend="systemd-units" revision="systemd"/> package.</para>
326
327 <indexterm zone="exim exim-init">
328 <primary sortas="f-exim">exim</primary>
329 </indexterm>
330
331<screen role="root"><userinput>make install-exim</userinput></screen>
332
333 <para revision="sysv">The bootscript also starts the
334 <application>Exim</application> daemon and dispatches a queue runner
335 process every 15 minutes. Modify the
336 <option>-q<replaceable>&lt;time interval&gt;</replaceable></option>
337 parameter in <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/exim</filename>, if necessary
338 for your installation.</para>
339
340 </sect3>
341
342 </sect2>
343
344 <sect2 role="content">
345 <title>Contents</title>
346
347 <segmentedlist>
348 <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
349 <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
350 <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
351
352 <seglistitem>
353 <seg>exicyclog, exigrep, exim, exim-&exim-daemon-version;, exim_checkaccess,
354 exim_dbmbuild, exim_dumpdb, exim_fixdb, exim_lock, exim_tidydb,
355 eximstats, exinext, exipick, exiqgrep, exiqsumm, exiwhat, and
356 optionally, eximon, eximon.bin, and sendmail (symlink)</seg>
357 <seg>None</seg>
358 <seg>/usr/share/doc/exim-&exim-version; and /var/spool/exim</seg>
359 </seglistitem>
360 </segmentedlist>
361
362 <variablelist>
363 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
364 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
365 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
366
367 <varlistentry id="exicyclog">
368 <term><command>exicyclog</command></term>
369 <listitem>
370 <para>cycles <application>Exim</application> log files.</para>
371 <indexterm zone="exim exicyclog">
372 <primary sortas="b-exicyclog">exicyclog</primary>
373 </indexterm>
374 </listitem>
375 </varlistentry>
376
377 <varlistentry id="exigrep">
378 <term><command>exigrep</command></term>
379 <listitem>
380 <para>searches <application>Exim</application> log files.</para>
381 <indexterm zone="exim exigrep">
382 <primary sortas="b-exigrep">exigrep</primary>
383 </indexterm>
384 </listitem>
385 </varlistentry>
386
387 <varlistentry id="exim-prog">
388 <term><command>exim</command></term>
389 <listitem>
390 <para>is a symlink to the <command>exim-&exim-daemon-version;</command>
391 MTA daemon.</para>
392 <indexterm zone="exim exim-prog">
393 <primary sortas="b-exim">exim</primary>
394 </indexterm>
395 </listitem>
396 </varlistentry>
397
398 <varlistentry id="exim-current_version">
399 <term><command>exim-&exim-daemon-version;</command></term>
400 <listitem>
401 <para>is the <application>Exim</application> mail transport
402 agent daemon.</para>
403 <indexterm zone="exim exim-current_version">
404 <primary sortas="b-exim-&exim-daemon-version;">exim-&exim-daemon-version;</primary>
405 </indexterm>
406 </listitem>
407 </varlistentry>
408
409 <varlistentry id="exim_checkaccess">
410 <term><command>exim_checkaccess</command></term>
411 <listitem>
412 <para>states whether a given recipient address from a given host is
413 acceptable or not.</para>
414 <indexterm zone="exim exim_checkaccess">
415 <primary sortas="b-exim_checkaccess">exim_checkaccess</primary>
416 </indexterm>
417 </listitem>
418 </varlistentry>
419
420 <varlistentry id="exim_dbmbuild">
421 <term><command>exim_dbmbuild</command></term>
422 <listitem>
423 <para> creates and rebuilds <application>Exim</application>
424 databases.</para>
425 <indexterm zone="exim exim_dbmbuild">
426 <primary sortas="b-exim_dbmbuild">exim_dbmbuild</primary>
427 </indexterm>
428 </listitem>
429 </varlistentry>
430
431 <varlistentry id="exim_dumpdb">
432 <term><command>exim_dumpdb</command></term>
433 <listitem>
434 <para> writes the contents of <application>Exim</application>
435 databases to the standard output.</para>
436 <indexterm zone="exim exim_dumpdb">
437 <primary sortas="b-exim_dumpdb">exim_dumpdb</primary>
438 </indexterm>
439 </listitem>
440 </varlistentry>
441
442 <varlistentry id="exim_fixdb">
443 <term><command>exim_fixdb</command></term>
444 <listitem>
445 <para>modifies data in <application>Exim</application>
446 databases.</para>
447 <indexterm zone="exim exim_fixdb">
448 <primary sortas="b-exim_fixdb">exim_fixdb</primary>
449 </indexterm>
450 </listitem>
451 </varlistentry>
452
453 <varlistentry id="exim_lock">
454 <term><command>exim_lock</command></term>
455 <listitem>
456 <para>locks a mailbox file.</para>
457 <indexterm zone="exim exim_lock">
458 <primary sortas="b-exim_lock">exim_lock</primary>
459 </indexterm>
460 </listitem>
461 </varlistentry>
462
463 <varlistentry id="exim_tidydb">
464 <term><command>exim_tidydb</command></term>
465 <listitem>
466 <para>removes old records from <application>Exim</application>
467 databases.</para>
468 <indexterm zone="exim exim_tidydb">
469 <primary sortas="b-exim_tidydb">exim_tidydb</primary>
470 </indexterm>
471 </listitem>
472 </varlistentry>
473
474 <varlistentry id="eximstats">
475 <term><command>eximstats</command></term>
476 <listitem>
477 <para>generates mail statistics from <application>Exim</application>
478 log files.</para>
479 <indexterm zone="exim eximstats">
480 <primary sortas="b-eximstats">eximstats</primary>
481 </indexterm>
482 </listitem>
483 </varlistentry>
484
485 <varlistentry id="exinext">
486 <term><command>exinext</command></term>
487 <listitem>
488 <para>queries remote host retry times.</para>
489 <indexterm zone="exim exinext">
490 <primary sortas="b-exinext">exinext</primary>
491 </indexterm>
492 </listitem>
493 </varlistentry>
494
495 <varlistentry id="exipick">
496 <term><command>exipick</command></term>
497 <listitem>
498 <para>selects messages based on various criteria.</para>
499 <indexterm zone="exim exipick">
500 <primary sortas="b-exipick">exipick</primary>
501 </indexterm>
502 </listitem>
503 </varlistentry>
504
505 <varlistentry id="exiqgrep">
506 <term><command>exiqgrep</command></term>
507 <listitem>
508 <para>is a utility for selective queue listing.</para>
509 <indexterm zone="exim exiqgrep">
510 <primary sortas="b-exiqgrep">exiqgrep</primary>
511 </indexterm>
512 </listitem>
513 </varlistentry>
514
515 <varlistentry id="exiqsumm">
516 <term><command>exiqsumm</command></term>
517 <listitem>
518 <para>produces a summary of the messages in the mail queue.</para>
519 <indexterm zone="exim exiqsumm">
520 <primary sortas="b-exiqsumm">exiqsumm</primary>
521 </indexterm>
522 </listitem>
523 </varlistentry>
524
525 <varlistentry id="exiwhat">
526 <term><command>exiwhat</command></term>
527 <listitem>
528 <para>queries running <application>Exim</application>
529 processes.</para>
530 <indexterm zone="exim exiwhat">
531 <primary sortas="b-exiwhat">exiwhat</primary>
532 </indexterm>
533 </listitem>
534 </varlistentry>
535
536 <varlistentry id="eximon">
537 <term><command>eximon</command></term>
538 <listitem>
539 <para>is a start-up shell script for <command>eximon.bin</command>
540 used to set the required environment variables before running the
541 program.</para>
542 <indexterm zone="exim eximon">
543 <primary sortas="b-eximon">eximon</primary>
544 </indexterm>
545 </listitem>
546 </varlistentry>
547
548 <varlistentry id="eximon.bin">
549 <term><command>eximon.bin</command></term>
550 <listitem>
551 <para>is a monitor program which displays current information in an
552 <application>X</application> window, and also contains a menu interface
553 to <application>Exim</application>'s command line administration
554 options.</para>
555 <indexterm zone="exim eximon.bin">
556 <primary sortas="b-eximon.bin">eximon.bin</primary>
557 </indexterm>
558 </listitem>
559 </varlistentry>
560
561 </variablelist>
562
563 </sect2>
564
565</sect1>
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