source: server/mail/postfix.xml@ 0931098

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN"
   "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
  %general-entities;

<!ENTITY postfix-download-http "http://ftp.uni-koeln.de/mail/postfix-&postfix-version;.tar.gz">
<!ENTITY postfix-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.porcupine.org/mirrors/postfix-release/official/postfix-&postfix-version;.tar.gz">
<!ENTITY postfix-size "1.9 MB">
<!ENTITY postfix-buildsize "82 MB">
<!ENTITY postfix-time "0.29 SBU">

]>

<sect1 id="postfix" xreflabel="Postfix-&postfix-version;">
<?dbhtml filename="postfix.html"?>
<title>Postfix-&postfix-version;</title>

<sect2>
<title>Introduction to Postfix</title>

<para>The <application>Postfix</application> package contains a Mail
Transport Agent (<acronym>MTA</acronym>). This is useful for sending email 
to other users of your host machine.  It can also be configured to be a 
central mail server for your domain, a mail relay agent or simply a mail 
delivery agent to your local Internet Service Provider
(<acronym>ISP</acronym>).</para>

<sect3><title>Package information</title>
<itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
<listitem><para>Download (HTTP): <ulink
url="&postfix-download-http;"/></para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Download (FTP): <ulink
url="&postfix-download-ftp;"/></para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Download size: &postfix-size;</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Estimated Disk space required:
&postfix-buildsize;</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Estimated build time:
&postfix-time;</para></listitem></itemizedlist>
</sect3>

<sect3><title><application>Postfix</application> dependencies</title>
<sect4><title>Required</title>
<para><xref linkend="db"/></para></sect4>
<sect4><title>Optional</title>
<para><ulink url="http://asg.web.cmu.edu/sasl/">Cyrus SASL</ulink></para></sect4>
</sect3>

</sect2>

<sect2>
<title>Installation of <application>Postfix</application></title>

<para>Before you compile the program, you need to create users and groups that 
will be expected to be in place when the install script executes.  Add the 
users and groups with the following commands:</para>

<screen><userinput><command>groupadd postfix &amp;&amp;
groupadd postdrop &amp;&amp;
groupadd -g 65534 nogroup &amp;&amp;
useradd -c postfix -d /dev/null -g postfix -s /bin/false postfix &amp;&amp;
useradd -c nobody -d /home -g nogroup -s /bin/bash -u 65534 nobody &amp;&amp;
chown postfix:postfix /var/mail</command></userinput></screen>

<para>Install <application>postfix</application> by running the following commands:</para>

<screen><userinput><command>make &amp;&amp;
sh postfix-install daemon_directory=/usr/sbin \
                   manpage_directory=/usr/share/man \
                   sample_directory=/usr/share/doc/postfix \
                   -non-interactive</command></userinput></screen>

<para>The final installation step is to install the program's documentation with this command:</para>

<screen><userinput><command>install -d /usr/share/doc/postfix &amp;&amp;
cp -rf html/* /usr/share/doc/postfix</command></userinput></screen>

</sect2>

<sect2>
<title>Command explanations</title>

<para><command>sh postfix-install ... -non-interactive</command> :
We don't want the install script to ask any questions so we call it with
a non-interactive switch and accept default destination directories in 
all but three cases.</para>

</sect2>

<sect2>
<title>Configuring <application>Postfix</application></title>

<sect3><title>Config files</title>
<para><filename>/etc/aliases</filename>,
<filename>/etc/postfix/main.cf</filename> and
<filename>/etc/postfix/master.cf</filename></para>
</sect3>

<sect3><title>Configuration Information</title>

<screen><userinput><command>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/aliases &lt;&lt; "EOF"</command>
# Begin /etc/aliases

MAILER-DAEMON:    postmaster
postmaster:       root

root:             LOGIN
# End /etc/aliases
<command>EOF</command></userinput></screen>

<note><para>To protect an existing <filename>/etc/aliases</filename>
file, we will append these aliases to it if it exists. This file
should be checked and duplicate aliases removed, if
present.</para></note>

<para>The <filename>/etc/aliases</filename> file that was just created
or appended, the <filename>main.cf</filename> and the
<filename>master.cf</filename>
must be personalized for your system. The <filename>aliases</filename> file 
needs your non-root login identity so mail addressed to root can be forwarded 
to you at the user level.  The <filename>main.cf</filename> file needs your 
fully qualified hostname.  All of these edits can be done with sed commands 
entered into the console with appropriate substitutions of your non-root 
login name for <replaceable>[user]</replaceable> and your fully qualified 
hostname for <replaceable>[localhost.localdomain]</replaceable>. You will 
find the <filename>main.cf</filename> file 
is self documenting, so load it into your editor to make the changes you need 
for your situation.</para>

<screen><userinput><command>cp /etc/aliases /etc/aliases.bak &amp;&amp;
cp /etc/postfix/main.cf /etc/postfix/main.cf.bak &amp;&amp;
sed "s/LOGIN/<replaceable>[user]</replaceable>/" /etc/aliases.bak > /etc/aliases &amp;&amp;
sed "s/#myhostname = host.domain.tld/myhostname = \ 
        <replaceable>[localhost.localdomain]</replaceable>/" \
        /etc/postfix/main.cf.bak > /etc/postfix/main.cf &amp;&amp;
/usr/bin/newaliases &amp;&amp;
/usr/sbin/postfix start</command></userinput></screen></sect3>

<sect3><title>Postfix init.d script</title>

<para>To automate the running of Postfix at startup, install the  <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/postfix</filename>
init script included in the <xref linkend="intro-important-bootscripts"/> package.</para>

<screen><userinput><command>make install-postfix</command></userinput></screen>

</sect3>

</sect2>

<sect2>
<title>Contents</title>

<para>The <application>Postfix</application> package contains <filename>bounce
</filename>, <filename>cleanup</filename>, <filename>error</filename>,
<filename>flush</filename>, <filename>lmtp</filename>,
<filename>local</filename>, <filename class="symlink">mailq</filename>,
<filename>master</filename>, <filename class="symlink">newaliases</filename>,
<filename>nqmgr</filename>, <filename>pickup</filename>,
<filename>pipe</filename>, <command>postalias</command>,
<command>postcat</command>, <command>postconf</command>,
<command>postdrop</command>, <command>postfix</command>,
<command>postkick</command>, <command>postlock</command>,
<command>postlog</command>, <command>postmap</command>,
<command>postqueue</command>, <command>postsuper</command>,
<filename>qmgr</filename>, <filename>qmqpd</filename>,
<command>sendmail</command>, <command>showq</command>,
<filename>smtp</filename>, <filename>smtpd</filename>,
<filename>spawn</filename>, <filename>trivial-rewrite</filename>,
and <filename>virtual</filename>.</para>

</sect2>

<sect2><title>Description</title>

<sect3><title>postfix</title>
<para><command>postfix</command> is the program that starts and stops the mail delivery system.</para></sect3>

<sect3><title>master</title>
<para><filename>master</filename> is the resident process that runs
<filename>bounce</filename>, <filename>cleanup</filename>,
<filename>error</filename>, <filename>flush</filename>, 
<filename>lmtp</filename>, <filename>local</filename>,
<filename>nqmgr</filename>, <filename>pickup</filename>,
<filename>pipe</filename>, <filename>qmgr</filename>,
<filename>qmqpd</filename>, <filename>showq</filename>,
<filename>smtp</filename>, <filename>smtpd</filename>,
<filename>spawn</filename>, <filename>trivial-rewrite</filename> and
<filename>virtual</filename> on demand. These programs are not designed to 
work as user commands.</para></sect3>

<sect3><title>postqueue</title>
<para><command>postqueue</command> implements the
<application>Postfix</application> user interface for 
queue management.  It implements all the operations that are traditionally 
available via the <command>sendmail</command> command.</para></sect3>

<sect3><title>sendmail</title>
<para><command>sendmail</command> implements the
<application>Postfix</application> to
<application>Sendmail</application> compatibility interface.  
<filename class="symlink">mailq</filename> and <filename
class="symlink">newaliases</filename> are symlinks to 
<command>sendmail</command>.</para></sect3>

<sect3><title>showq</title>
<para><command>showq</command> will emulate the <filename
class="symlink">mailq</filename> command when the
<application>Postfix</application> mail system is 
not running.</para></sect3>

<sect3><title>postsuper</title>
<para><command>postsuper</command> does maintenance jobs on the
<application>Postfix</application> queue.</para></sect3>

<sect3><title>postalias</title>
<para><command>postalias</command> creates, queries or updates
<application>Postfix</application> alias 
databases.</para></sect3>

<sect3><title>postcat</title>
<para><command>postcat</command> prints the contents of a
<application>Postfix</application> queue file in human-readable 
form.</para></sect3>

<sect3><title>postconf</title>
<para><command>postconf</command> prints or changes the value of configuration 
parameters.</para></sect3>

<sect3><title>postdrop</title>
<para><command>postdrop</command> creates a file in the maildrop directory and 
copies its standard input to the file.</para></sect3>

<sect3><title>postkick</title>
<para><command>postkick</command> makes the mail system private
<acronym>IPC</acronym> accessible for use in shell 
scripts.</para></sect3>

<sect3><title>postlock</title>
<para><command>postlock</command> locks a file for exclusive access and 
executes a command on that file.</para></sect3>

<sect3><title>postlog</title>
<para><command>postlog</command> implements a logging interface for use in 
shell scripts.</para></sect3>

<sect3><title>postmap</title>
<para><command>postmap</command> creates, queries or updates
<application>Postfix</application> lookup tables.</para></sect3>

</sect2>

</sect1>