1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN"
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3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
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4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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5 | %general-entities;
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6 |
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7 | <!ENTITY postfix-download-http "http://www.mirrorspace.org/postfix/official/postfix-&postfix-version;.tar.gz">
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8 | <!ENTITY postfix-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.porcupine.org/mirrors/postfix-release/official/postfix-&postfix-version;.tar.gz">
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9 | <!ENTITY postfix-size "1.9 MB">
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10 | <!ENTITY postfix-buildsize "81 MB">
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11 | <!ENTITY postfix-time "0.29 SBU">
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12 |
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13 | ]>
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14 |
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15 | <sect1 id="postfix" xreflabel="Postfix-&postfix-version;">
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16 | <?dbhtml filename="postfix.html"?>
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17 | <title>Postfix-&postfix-version;</title>
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18 |
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19 | <sect2>
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20 | <title>Introduction to Postfix</title>
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21 |
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22 | <para>The <application>Postfix</application> package contains a Mail
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23 | Transport Agent (<acronym>MTA</acronym>). This is useful for sending email
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24 | to other users of your host machine. It can also be configured to be a
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25 | central mail server for your domain, a mail relay agent or simply a mail
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26 | delivery agent to your local Internet Service Provider
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27 | (<acronym>ISP</acronym>).</para>
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28 |
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29 | <sect3><title>Package information</title>
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30 | <itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
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31 | <listitem><para>Download (HTTP): <ulink
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32 | url="&postfix-download-http;"/></para></listitem>
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33 | <listitem><para>Download (FTP): <ulink
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34 | url="&postfix-download-ftp;"/></para></listitem>
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35 | <listitem><para>Download size: &postfix-size;</para></listitem>
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36 | <listitem><para>Estimated Disk space required:
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37 | &postfix-buildsize;</para></listitem>
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38 | <listitem><para>Estimated build time:
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39 | &postfix-time;</para></listitem></itemizedlist>
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40 | </sect3>
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41 |
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42 | <sect3><title><application>Postfix</application> dependencies</title>
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43 | <sect4><title>Required</title>
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44 | <para><xref linkend="db"/></para></sect4>
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45 | <sect4><title>Optional</title>
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46 | <para><ulink url="http://asg.web.cmu.edu/sasl/">Cyrus SASL</ulink></para></sect4>
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47 | </sect3>
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48 |
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49 | </sect2>
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50 |
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51 | <sect2>
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52 | <title>Installation of <application>Postfix</application></title>
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53 |
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54 | <para>Before you compile the program, you need to create users and groups that
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55 | will be expected to be in place when the install script executes. Add the
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56 | users and groups with the following commands:</para>
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57 |
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58 | <screen><userinput><command>groupadd postfix &&
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59 | groupadd postdrop &&
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60 | groupadd -g 65534 nogroup &&
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61 | useradd -c postfix -d /dev/null -g postfix -s /bin/false postfix &&
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62 | useradd -c nobody -d /home -g nogroup -s /bin/bash -u 65534 nobody &&
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63 | chown postfix:postfix /var/mail</command></userinput></screen>
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64 |
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65 | <para>Install <application>postfix</application> by running the following commands:</para>
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66 |
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67 | <screen><userinput><command>make &&
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68 | sh postfix-install daemon_directory=/usr/sbin \
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69 | manpage_directory=/usr/share/man \
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70 | sample_directory=/usr/share/doc/postfix \
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71 | -non-interactive</command></userinput></screen>
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72 |
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73 | <para>The final installation step is to install the program's documentation with this command:</para>
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74 |
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75 | <screen><userinput><command>install -d /usr/share/doc/postfix &&
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76 | cp -rf html/* /usr/share/doc/postfix</command></userinput></screen>
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77 |
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78 | </sect2>
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79 |
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80 | <sect2>
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81 | <title>Command explanations</title>
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82 |
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83 | <para><command>sh postfix-install ... -non-interactive</command> :
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84 | We don't want the install script to ask any questions so we call it with
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85 | a non-interactive switch and accept default destination directories in
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86 | all but three cases.</para>
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87 |
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88 | </sect2>
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89 |
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90 | <sect2>
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91 | <title>Configuring <application>Postfix</application></title>
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92 |
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93 | <sect3><title>Config files</title>
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94 | <para><filename>/etc/aliases</filename>,
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95 | <filename>/etc/postfix/main.cf</filename> and
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96 | <filename>/etc/postfix/master.cf</filename></para>
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97 | </sect3>
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98 |
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99 | <sect3><title>Configuration Information</title>
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100 |
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101 | <screen><userinput><command>cat >> /etc/aliases << "EOF"</command>
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102 | # Begin /etc/aliases
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103 |
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104 | MAILER-DAEMON: postmaster
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105 | postmaster: root
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106 |
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107 | root: LOGIN
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108 | # End /etc/aliases
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109 | <command>EOF</command></userinput></screen>
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110 |
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111 | <note><para>To protect an existing <filename>/etc/aliases</filename>
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112 | file, we will append these aliases to it if it exists. This file
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113 | should be checked and duplicate aliases removed, if
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114 | present.</para></note>
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115 |
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116 | <para>The <filename>/etc/aliases</filename> file that was just created
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117 | or appended, the <filename>main.cf</filename> and the
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118 | <filename>master.cf</filename>
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119 | must be personalized for your system. The <filename>aliases</filename> file
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120 | needs your non-root login identity so mail addressed to root can be forwarded
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121 | to you at the user level. The <filename>main.cf</filename> file needs your
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122 | fully qualified hostname. All of these edits can be done with sed commands
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123 | entered into the console with appropriate substitutions of your non-root
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124 | login name for <replaceable>[user]</replaceable> and your fully qualified
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125 | hostname for <replaceable>[localhost.localdomain]</replaceable>. You will
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126 | find the <filename>main.cf</filename> file
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127 | is self documenting, so load it into your editor to make the changes you need
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128 | for your situation.</para>
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129 |
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130 | <screen><userinput><command>cp /etc/aliases /etc/aliases.bak &&
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131 | cp /etc/postfix/main.cf /etc/postfix/main.cf.bak &&
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132 | sed "s/LOGIN/<replaceable>[user]</replaceable>/" /etc/aliases.bak > /etc/aliases &&
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133 | sed "s/#myhostname = host.domain.tld/myhostname = \
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134 | <replaceable>[localhost.localdomain]</replaceable>/" \
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135 | /etc/postfix/main.cf.bak > /etc/postfix/main.cf &&
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136 | /usr/bin/newaliases &&
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137 | /usr/sbin/postfix start</command></userinput></screen></sect3>
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138 |
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139 | <sect3><title>Postfix init.d script</title>
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140 |
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141 | <para>To automate the running of Postfix at startup, install the <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/postfix</filename>
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142 | init script included in the <xref linkend="intro-important-bootscripts"/> package.</para>
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143 |
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144 | <screen><userinput><command>make install-postfix</command></userinput></screen>
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145 |
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146 | </sect3>
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147 |
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148 | </sect2>
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149 |
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150 | <sect2>
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151 | <title>Contents</title>
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152 |
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153 | <para>The <application>Postfix</application> package contains <filename>bounce
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154 | </filename>, <filename>cleanup</filename>, <filename>error</filename>,
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155 | <filename>flush</filename>, <filename>lmtp</filename>,
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156 | <filename>local</filename>, <filename class="symlink">mailq</filename>,
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157 | <filename>master</filename>, <filename class="symlink">newaliases</filename>,
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158 | <filename>nqmgr</filename>, <filename>pickup</filename>,
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159 | <filename>pipe</filename>, <command>postalias</command>,
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160 | <command>postcat</command>, <command>postconf</command>,
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161 | <command>postdrop</command>, <command>postfix</command>,
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162 | <command>postkick</command>, <command>postlock</command>,
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163 | <command>postlog</command>, <command>postmap</command>,
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164 | <command>postqueue</command>, <command>postsuper</command>,
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165 | <filename>qmgr</filename>, <filename>qmqpd</filename>,
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166 | <command>sendmail</command>, <command>showq</command>,
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167 | <filename>smtp</filename>, <filename>smtpd</filename>,
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168 | <filename>spawn</filename>, <filename>trivial-rewrite</filename>,
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169 | and <filename>virtual</filename>.</para>
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170 |
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171 | </sect2>
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172 |
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173 | <sect2><title>Description</title>
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174 |
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175 | <sect3><title>postfix</title>
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176 | <para><command>postfix</command> is the program that starts and stops the mail delivery system.</para></sect3>
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177 |
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178 | <sect3><title>master</title>
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179 | <para><filename>master</filename> is the resident process that runs
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180 | <filename>bounce</filename>, <filename>cleanup</filename>,
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181 | <filename>error</filename>, <filename>flush</filename>,
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182 | <filename>lmtp</filename>, <filename>local</filename>,
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183 | <filename>nqmgr</filename>, <filename>pickup</filename>,
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184 | <filename>pipe</filename>, <filename>qmgr</filename>,
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185 | <filename>qmqpd</filename>, <filename>showq</filename>,
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186 | <filename>smtp</filename>, <filename>smtpd</filename>,
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187 | <filename>spawn</filename>, <filename>trivial-rewrite</filename> and
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188 | <filename>virtual</filename> on demand. These programs are not designed to
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189 | work as user commands.</para></sect3>
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190 |
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191 | <sect3><title>postqueue</title>
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192 | <para><command>postqueue</command> implements the
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193 | <application>Postfix</application> user interface for
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194 | queue management. It implements all the operations that are traditionally
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195 | available via the <command>sendmail</command> command.</para></sect3>
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196 |
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197 | <sect3><title>sendmail</title>
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198 | <para><command>sendmail</command> implements the
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199 | <application>Postfix</application> to
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200 | <application>Sendmail</application> compatibility interface.
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201 | <filename class="symlink">mailq</filename> and <filename
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202 | class="symlink">newaliases</filename> are symlinks to
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203 | <command>sendmail</command>.</para></sect3>
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204 |
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205 | <sect3><title>showq</title>
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206 | <para><command>showq</command> will emulate the <filename
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207 | class="symlink">mailq</filename> command when the
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208 | <application>Postfix</application> mail system is
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209 | not running.</para></sect3>
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210 |
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211 | <sect3><title>postsuper</title>
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212 | <para><command>postsuper</command> does maintenance jobs on the
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213 | <application>Postfix</application> queue.</para></sect3>
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214 |
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215 | <sect3><title>postalias</title>
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216 | <para><command>postalias</command> creates, queries or updates
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217 | <application>Postfix</application> alias
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218 | databases.</para></sect3>
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219 |
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220 | <sect3><title>postcat</title>
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221 | <para><command>postcat</command> prints the contents of a
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222 | <application>Postfix</application> queue file in human-readable
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223 | form.</para></sect3>
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224 |
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225 | <sect3><title>postconf</title>
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226 | <para><command>postconf</command> prints or changes the value of configuration
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227 | parameters.</para></sect3>
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228 |
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229 | <sect3><title>postdrop</title>
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230 | <para><command>postdrop</command> creates a file in the maildrop directory and
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231 | copies its standard input to the file.</para></sect3>
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232 |
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233 | <sect3><title>postkick</title>
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234 | <para><command>postkick</command> makes the mail system private
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235 | <acronym>IPC</acronym> accessible for use in shell
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236 | scripts.</para></sect3>
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237 |
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238 | <sect3><title>postlock</title>
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239 | <para><command>postlock</command> locks a file for exclusive access and
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240 | executes a command on that file.</para></sect3>
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241 |
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242 | <sect3><title>postlog</title>
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243 | <para><command>postlog</command> implements a logging interface for use in
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244 | shell scripts.</para></sect3>
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245 |
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246 | <sect3><title>postmap</title>
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247 | <para><command>postmap</command> creates, queries or updates
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248 | <application>Postfix</application> lookup tables.</para></sect3>
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249 |
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250 | </sect2>
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251 |
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252 | </sect1>
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253 |
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