source: server/mail/postfix.xml@ 5e0662d

10.0 10.1 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 12.0 12.1 7.10 7.6 7.6-blfs 7.6-systemd 7.7 7.8 7.9 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 9.0 9.1 basic bdubbs/svn elogind gnome kde5-13430 kde5-14269 kde5-14686 kea ken/TL2024 ken/inkscape-core-mods ken/tuningfonts krejzi/svn lazarus lxqt nosym perl-modules plabs/newcss plabs/python-mods python3.11 qt5new rahul/power-profiles-daemon renodr/vulkan-addition systemd-11177 systemd-13485 trunk upgradedb xry111/intltool xry111/llvm18 xry111/soup3 xry111/test-20220226 xry111/xf86-video-removal
Last change on this file since 5e0662d was 5e0662d, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 10 years ago

Updated to mariadb-10.0.10.
Archived mysql.

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6
7 <!ENTITY postfix-download-http " ">
8 <!ENTITY postfix-download-ftp
9 "ftp://ftp.porcupine.org/mirrors/postfix-release/official/postfix-&postfix-version;.tar.gz">
10 <!ENTITY postfix-md5sum "25fe7dd05f81cc0755131beecee046fd">
11 <!ENTITY postfix-size "3.9 MB">
12 <!ENTITY postfix-buildsize "170 MB">
13 <!ENTITY postfix-time "0.4 SBU">
14]>
15
16<sect1 id="postfix" xreflabel="Postfix-&postfix-version;">
17 <?dbhtml filename="postfix.html"?>
18
19 <sect1info>
20 <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
21 <date>$Date$</date>
22 </sect1info>
23
24 <title>Postfix-&postfix-version;</title>
25
26 <indexterm zone="postfix">
27 <primary sortas="a-Postfix">Postfix</primary>
28 </indexterm>
29
30 <sect2 role="package">
31 <title>Introduction to Postfix</title>
32
33 <para>
34 The <application>Postfix</application> package contains a Mail Transport
35 Agent (MTA). This is useful for sending email to other users of your host
36 machine. It can also be configured to be a central mail server for your
37 domain, a mail relay agent or simply a mail delivery agent to your local
38 Internet Service Provider.
39 </para>
40
41 &lfs75_checked;
42
43 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
44 <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
45 <listitem>
46 <para>
47 Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&postfix-download-http;"/>
48 </para>
49 </listitem>
50 <listitem>
51 <para>
52 Download (FTP): <ulink url="&postfix-download-ftp;"/>
53 </para>
54 </listitem>
55 <listitem>
56 <para>
57 Download MD5 sum: &postfix-md5sum;
58 </para>
59 </listitem>
60 <listitem>
61 <para>
62 Download size: &postfix-size;
63 </para>
64 </listitem>
65 <listitem>
66 <para>
67 Estimated disk space required: &postfix-buildsize;
68 </para>
69 </listitem>
70 <listitem>
71 <para>
72 Estimated build time: &postfix-time;
73 </para>
74 </listitem>
75 </itemizedlist>
76
77 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Postfix Dependencies</bridgehead>
78
79 <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
80 <para role="required">
81 <xref linkend="db"/>
82 </para>
83
84 <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Recommended</bridgehead>
85 <para role="recommended">
86 <xref linkend="cyrus-sasl"/> and
87 <xref linkend="openssl"/>
88 </para>
89
90 <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
91 <para role="optional">
92 <xref linkend="mariadb"/> or <ulink url="http://www.mysql.com/">MySQL</ulink>,
93 <xref linkend="openldap"/>,
94 <xref linkend="pcre"/>,
95 <xref linkend="postgresql"/>,
96 <xref linkend="sqlite"/>, and
97 <ulink url="http://cr.yp.to/cdb.html">CDB</ulink> or
98 <ulink url="http://www.corpit.ru/mjt/tinycdb.html">TinyCDB</ulink>
99 </para>
100
101 <para>
102 Note that <application>SQLite</application>,
103 <application>MySQL</application>, <application>PostgreSQL</application>
104 and <application>CDB</application> are only useful if there is a known
105 need for them.
106 </para>
107
108 <para condition="html" role="usernotes">
109 User Notes: <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/postfix"/>
110 </para>
111 </sect2>
112
113 <sect2 role="installation">
114 <title>Installation of Postfix</title>
115
116 <sect3>
117 <title>Adding Users and Groups</title>
118
119 <para>
120 Before you compile the program, you need to create users and groups that
121 will be expected to be in place during the installation. Add the users
122 and groups with the following commands issued by the
123 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
124 </para>
125
126<screen role="root"><userinput>groupadd -g 32 postfix &amp;&amp;
127groupadd -g 33 postdrop &amp;&amp;
128useradd -c "Postfix Daemon User" -d /var/spool/postfix -g postfix \
129 -s /bin/false -u 32 postfix &amp;&amp;
130chown -v postfix:postfix /var/mail</userinput></screen>
131 </sect3>
132
133 <sect3>
134 <title>Configuring the Build</title>
135
136 <para>
137 Run the following command to enable <application>Postfix</application>
138 to compile against the current version of
139 <application>BerkeleyDB</application>:
140 </para>
141
142<screen><userinput>sed -i "s/DB_VERSION_MAJOR == 5/DB_VERSION_MAJOR >= 5/" src/util/dict_db.c</userinput></screen>
143
144 <para>
145 The README files are formatted to be read with a pager like
146 <application>Less</application> or <application>More</application>.
147 If you want to read them in a text editor, make them legible with a sed:
148 </para>
149
150<screen><userinput>sed -i 's/.\x08//g' README_FILES/*</userinput></screen>
151
152 <para>
153 The <application>Postfix</application> source tree does not contain a
154 <filename>configure</filename> script, rather the makefile in the
155 top-level directory contains a <option>makefiles</option> target that
156 regenerates all the other makefiles in the build tree. If you wish to
157 use additional software such as a database back-end for virtual users,
158 or TLS/SSL authentication, you will need to regenerate the makefiles
159 using one or more of the appropriate <envar>CCARGS</envar> and
160 <envar>AUXLIBS</envar> settings listed below.
161 </para>
162
163 <para>
164 For more details read the readme files.
165 </para>
166
167 <sect4>
168 <title>Cyrus-SASL</title>
169
170 <para>
171 To use <application>Cyrus-SASL</application> with
172 <application>Postfix</application>, use the following arguments:
173 </para>
174
175<screen><literal>CCARGS='-DUSE_SASL_AUTH -DUSE_CYRUS_SASL -I/usr/include/sasl'
176AUXLIBS='-lsasl2'</literal></screen>
177
178 </sect4>
179
180 <sect4>
181 <title>OpenLDAP</title>
182
183 <para>
184 To use <application>OpenLDAP</application> with
185 <application>Postfix</application>, use the following arguments:
186 </para>
187
188<screen><literal>CCARGS='-DHAS_LDAP'
189AUXLIBS='-lldap -llber'</literal></screen>
190
191 </sect4>
192
193 <sect4>
194 <title>Sqlite</title>
195
196 <para>
197 To use <application>Sqlite</application> with
198 <application>Postfix</application>, use the following arguments:
199 </para>
200
201<screen><literal>CCARGS='-DHAS_SQLITE'
202AUXLIBS='-lsqlite3 -lpthread'</literal></screen>
203
204 </sect4>
205
206 <sect4>
207 <title>MySQL</title>
208
209 <para>
210 To use <application>MySQL</application> with
211 <application>Postfix</application>, use the following arguments:
212 </para>
213
214<screen><literal>CCARGS='-DHAS_MYSQL -I/usr/include/mysql'
215AUXLIBS='-lmysqlclient -lz -lm'</literal></screen>
216
217 </sect4>
218
219 <sect4>
220 <title>PostgreSQL</title>
221
222 <para>
223 To use <application>PostgreSQL</application> with
224 <application>Postfix</application>, use the following arguments:
225 </para>
226
227<screen><literal>CCARGS='-DHAS_PGSQL -I/usr/include/postgresql'
228AUXLIBS='-lpq -lz -lm'</literal></screen>
229
230 </sect4>
231
232 <sect4>
233 <title>CDB/TinyCDB</title>
234
235 <para>
236 To use <application>CDB</application> or
237 <application>TinyCDB</application> with
238 <application>Postfix</application>, use the following arguments:
239 </para>
240
241<screen><literal>CCARGS='-DHAS_CDB'
242AUXLIBS='<replaceable>&lt;/path/to/CDB&gt;</replaceable>/libcdb.a'</literal></screen>
243
244 </sect4>
245
246 <sect4>
247 <title>StartTLS Authentication</title>
248
249 <para>
250 To use <application>OpenSSL</application> with
251 <application>Postfix</application>, use the following arguments:
252 </para>
253
254<screen><literal>CCARGS='-DUSE_TLS -I/usr/include/openssl/'
255AUXLIBS='-lssl -lcrypto'</literal></screen>
256 </sect4>
257
258 </sect3>
259
260 <sect3>
261 <title>Installing Postfix</title>
262
263 <para>
264 If you have <application>Cyrus SASL</application> and
265 <application>OpenSSL</application> installed, install
266 <application>Postfix</application> by running the following commands:
267 </para>
268
269<screen><userinput>make CCARGS="-DUSE_TLS -I/usr/include/openssl/ \
270 -DUSE_SASL_AUTH -DUSE_CYRUS_SASL -I/usr/include/sasl" \
271 AUXLIBS="-lssl -lcrypto -lsasl2" \
272 makefiles &amp;&amp;
273make</userinput></screen>
274
275 <!-- There is a testsuite, but it fails a lot. It seems to need
276 the host to be specifically setup for the tests.
277 Run with `make tests' and `make root_tests' -->
278 <para>
279 This package does not come with a useful test suite.
280 </para>
281
282 <para>
283 Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
284 </para>
285
286<!-- dev note: sh postfix-install -non-interactive install_root=<DESTDIR> ... -->
287
288<screen role="root"><userinput>sh postfix-install -non-interactive \
289 daemon_directory=/usr/lib/postfix \
290 manpage_directory=/usr/share/man \
291 html_directory=/usr/share/doc/postfix-&postfix-version;/html \
292 readme_directory=/usr/share/doc/postfix-&postfix-version;/readme</userinput></screen>
293
294 </sect3>
295
296 </sect2>
297
298 <sect2 role="commands">
299 <title>Command Explanations</title>
300
301 <para>
302 <command>make makefiles</command>: This command rebuilds the makefiles
303 throughout the source tree to use the options contained in the
304 <envar>CCARGS</envar> and <envar>AUXLIBS</envar> variables.
305 </para>
306
307 <para>
308 <command>sh postfix-install -non-interactive</command>: This keeps the
309 install script from asking any questions, thereby accepting default
310 destination directories in all but the few cases. If the
311 <option>html_directory</option> and <option>readme_directory</option>
312 options are not set then the documentation will not be installed.
313 </para>
314
315 </sect2>
316
317 <sect2 role="configuration">
318 <title>Configuring Postfix</title>
319
320 <sect3 id="postfix-config">
321 <title>Config Files</title>
322
323 <para>
324 <filename>/etc/aliases</filename>,
325 <filename>/etc/postfix/main.cf</filename>, and
326 <filename>/etc/postfix/master.cf</filename>
327 </para>
328
329 <indexterm zone="postfix postfix-config">
330 <primary sortas="e-etc-aliases">/etc/aliases</primary>
331 </indexterm>
332
333 <indexterm zone="postfix postfix-config">
334 <primary sortas="e-etc-postfix-star">/etc/postfix/*</primary>
335 </indexterm>
336
337 </sect3>
338
339 <sect3>
340 <title>Configuration Information</title>
341
342 <para>
343 Create (or append to an existing) <filename>/etc/aliases</filename>
344 with the following command. Change
345 <replaceable>&lt;LOGIN&gt;</replaceable> for your non-root login
346 identity so mail addressed to
347 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> can be forwarded to you.
348 As the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
349 </para>
350
351<screen role="root"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/aliases &lt;&lt; "EOF"
352<literal># Begin /etc/aliases
353
354MAILER-DAEMON: postmaster
355postmaster: root
356
357root: <replaceable>&lt;LOGIN&gt;</replaceable>
358# End /etc/aliases</literal>
359EOF</userinput></screen>
360
361 <para>
362 To protect an existing <filename>/etc/aliases</filename> file,
363 the above command appends these aliases to it if it exists. This file
364 should be checked and duplicate aliases removed, if present.
365 </para>
366
367 <note>
368 <para>
369 The <filename>/etc/postfix/main.cf</filename> and
370 <filename>/etc/postfix/master.cf</filename> files must be personalized
371 for your system. The <filename>main.cf</filename> file needs your
372 fully qualified hostname. You will find that
373 <filename>main.cf</filename> is self documenting, so load it into your
374 editor to make the changes you need for your situation.
375 </para>
376 </note>
377
378 <note>
379 <para>
380 <application>Postfix</application> can also be set up to
381 run in a chroot jail. See the file in the source
382 <filename>examples/chroot-setup/LINUX2</filename> for details.
383 </para>
384 </note>
385
386 <para>
387 If you have an existing configuration, you can run the
388 <command>postfix</command> utility to add any necessary definitions to
389 your existing files. As the
390 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
391 </para>
392
393<screen role="root"><userinput>/usr/sbin/postfix upgrade-configuration</userinput></screen>
394
395 <para>
396 Before starting <application>Postfix</application>, you should check
397 that your configuration and file permissions will work properly. Run the
398 following commands as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
399 user to check and start your <application>Postfix</application> server:
400 </para>
401
402<screen role="root"><userinput>/usr/sbin/postfix check &amp;&amp;
403/usr/sbin/postfix start</userinput></screen>
404
405 </sect3>
406
407 <sect3 id="postfix-init">
408 <title>Boot Script</title>
409
410 <para>
411 To automate the running of Postfix at startup, install the
412 <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/postfix</filename> init script included in
413 the <xref linkend="bootscripts"/> package.
414 </para>
415
416 <indexterm zone="postfix postfix-init">
417 <primary sortas="f-postfix">postfix</primary>
418 </indexterm>
419
420<screen role="root"><userinput>make install-postfix</userinput></screen>
421
422 </sect3>
423
424 </sect2>
425
426 <sect2 role="content">
427 <title>Contents</title>
428
429 <segmentedlist>
430 <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
431 <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
432 <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
433
434 <seglistitem>
435 <seg>
436 mailq, newaliases, postalias, postcat, postconf, postdrop, postfix,
437 postkick, postlock, postlog, postmap, postmulti, postqueue, postsuper,
438 and sendmail
439 </seg>
440 <seg>
441 None
442 </seg>
443 <seg>
444 /etc/postfix,
445 /usr/lib/postfix,
446 /usr/share/doc/postfix-&postfix-version;,
447 /var/lib/postfix, and
448 /var/spool/postfix
449 </seg>
450 </seglistitem>
451 </segmentedlist>
452
453 <variablelist>
454 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
455 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
456 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
457
458 <varlistentry id="mailq">
459 <term><command>mailq</command></term>
460 <listitem>
461 <para>
462 A symlink to <filename>sendmail</filename>.
463 </para>
464 <indexterm zone="postfix mailq">
465 <primary sortas="b-mailq">mailq</primary>
466 </indexterm>
467 </listitem>
468 </varlistentry>
469
470 <varlistentry id="newaliases">
471 <term><command>newaliases</command></term>
472 <listitem>
473 <para>
474 A symlink to <filename>sendmail</filename>.
475 </para>
476 <indexterm zone="postfix newaliases">
477 <primary sortas="b-newaliases">newaliases</primary>
478 </indexterm>
479 </listitem>
480 </varlistentry>
481
482 <varlistentry id="postalias">
483 <term><command>postalias</command></term>
484 <listitem>
485 <para>
486 is a utility for <application>Postfix</application> alias database
487 maintenance
488 </para>
489 <indexterm zone="postfix postalias">
490 <primary sortas="b-postalias">postalias</primary>
491 </indexterm>
492 </listitem>
493 </varlistentry>
494
495 <varlistentry id="postcat">
496 <term><command>postcat</command></term>
497 <listitem>
498 <para>
499 Prints the contents of files from the
500 <application>Postfix</application> queue in human readable format.
501 </para>
502 <indexterm zone="postfix postcat">
503 <primary sortas="b-postcat">postcat</primary>
504 </indexterm>
505 </listitem>
506 </varlistentry>
507
508 <varlistentry id="postconf">
509 <term><command>postconf</command></term>
510 <listitem>
511 <para>
512 Displays or changes the value of
513 <application>Postfix</application> configuration parameters.
514 </para>
515 <indexterm zone="postfix postconf">
516 <primary sortas="b-postconf">postconf</primary>
517 </indexterm>
518 </listitem>
519 </varlistentry>
520
521 <varlistentry id="postdrop">
522 <term><command>postdrop</command></term>
523 <listitem>
524 <para>
525 Creates a file in the maildrop directory and copies its standard
526 input to the file.
527 </para>
528 <indexterm zone="postfix postdrop">
529 <primary sortas="b-postdrop">postdrop</primary>
530 </indexterm>
531 </listitem>
532 </varlistentry>
533
534 <varlistentry id="postfix-bin">
535 <term><command>postfix</command></term>
536 <listitem>
537 <para>
538 is the <application>Postfix</application> control program.
539 </para>
540 <indexterm zone="postfix postfix-bin">
541 <primary sortas="b-postfix">postfix</primary>
542 </indexterm>
543 </listitem>
544 </varlistentry>
545
546 <varlistentry id="postkick">
547 <term><command>postkick</command></term>
548 <listitem>
549 <para>
550 Sends requests to the specified service over a local transport
551 channel.
552 </para>
553 <indexterm zone="postfix postkick">
554 <primary sortas="b-postkick">postkick</primary>
555 </indexterm>
556 </listitem>
557 </varlistentry>
558
559 <varlistentry id="postlock">
560 <term><command>postlock</command></term>
561 <listitem>
562 <para>
563 Locks a mail folder for exclusive use, and executes commands passed
564 to it.
565 </para>
566 <indexterm zone="postfix postlock">
567 <primary sortas="b-postlock">postlock</primary>
568 </indexterm>
569 </listitem>
570 </varlistentry>
571
572 <varlistentry id="postlog">
573 <term><command>postlog</command></term>
574 <listitem>
575 <para>
576 A <application>Postfix</application>-compatible logging interface
577 for use in, for example, shell scripts.
578 </para>
579 <indexterm zone="postfix postlog">
580 <primary sortas="b-postlog">postlog</primary>
581 </indexterm>
582 </listitem>
583 </varlistentry>
584
585 <varlistentry id="postmap">
586 <term><command>postmap</command></term>
587 <listitem>
588 <para>
589 Creates or queries one or more Postfix lookup tables, or updates an
590 existing one.
591 </para>
592 <indexterm zone="postfix postmap">
593 <primary sortas="b-postmap">postmap</primary>
594 </indexterm>
595 </listitem>
596 </varlistentry>
597
598 <varlistentry id="postmulti">
599 <term><command>postmulti</command></term>
600 <listitem>
601 <para>
602 is the <application>Postfix</application> multi-instance manager.
603 It allows a system administrator to manage multiple
604 <application>Postfix</application> instances on a single host.
605 </para>
606 <indexterm zone="postfix postmulti">
607 <primary sortas="b-postmulti">postmulti</primary>
608 </indexterm>
609 </listitem>
610 </varlistentry>
611
612 <varlistentry id="postqueue">
613 <term><command>postqueue</command></term>
614 <listitem>
615 <para>
616 The <application>Postfix</application> user interface for
617 queue management.
618 </para>
619 <indexterm zone="postfix postqueue">
620 <primary sortas="b-postqueue">postqueue</primary>
621 </indexterm>
622 </listitem>
623 </varlistentry>
624
625 <varlistentry id="postsuper">
626 <term><command>postsuper</command></term>
627 <listitem>
628 <para>
629 The <application>Postfix</application> user interface for
630 superuser queue management.
631 </para>
632 <indexterm zone="postfix postsuper">
633 <primary sortas="b-postsuper">postsuper</primary>
634 </indexterm>
635 </listitem>
636 </varlistentry>
637
638 <varlistentry id="sendmail-postfix">
639 <term><command>sendmail</command></term>
640 <listitem>
641 <para>
642 is the <application>Postfix</application> to
643 <application>Sendmail</application> compatibility interface.
644 </para>
645 <indexterm zone="postfix sendmail-postfix">
646 <primary sortas="b-sendmail">sendmail</primary>
647 </indexterm>
648 </listitem>
649 </varlistentry>
650
651 </variablelist>
652
653 </sect2>
654
655</sect1>
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