[0931098] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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[ff769b8c] | 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
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[0931098] | 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 7 | <!ENTITY sendmail-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.sendmail.org/pub/sendmail/sendmail.&sendmail-version;.tar.gz">
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| 8 | <!ENTITY sendmail-download-http "http://www.sendmail.org/ftp/sendmail.&sendmail-version;.tar.gz">
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| 9 | <!ENTITY sendmail-md5sum "61e336750b48b01abaa69b4d7c9473b5">
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| 10 | <!ENTITY sendmail-size "1.9 MB">
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| 11 | <!ENTITY sendmail-buildsize "19.3 MB">
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| 12 | <!ENTITY sendmail-time "0.43 SBU">
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[0931098] | 13 | ]>
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| 14 |
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[cef3a2f] | 15 | <sect1 id="sendmail" xreflabel="Sendmail-&sendmail-version;">
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[e6bbc4f9] | 16 | <?dbhtml filename="sendmail.html"?>
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| 17 |
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| 18 | <sect1info>
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| 19 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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| 20 | <date>$Date$</date>
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| 21 | </sect1info>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <title>Sendmail-&sendmail-version;</title>
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| 24 |
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| 25 | <indexterm zone="sendmail">
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| 26 | <primary sortas="a-Sendmail">Sendmail</primary>
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| 27 | </indexterm>
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| 28 |
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| 29 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 30 | <title>Introduction to Sendmail</title>
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| 31 |
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| 32 | <para>The <application>Sendmail</application> package contains a Mail
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| 33 | Transport Agent (MTA).</para>
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| 34 |
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| 35 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 36 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 37 | <listitem>
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| 38 | <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&sendmail-download-http;"/></para>
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| 39 | </listitem>
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| 40 | <listitem>
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| 41 | <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&sendmail-download-ftp;"/></para>
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| 42 | </listitem>
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| 43 | <listitem>
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| 44 | <para>Download MD5 sum: &sendmail-md5sum;</para>
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| 45 | </listitem>
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| 46 | <listitem>
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| 47 | <para>Download size: &sendmail-size;</para>
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| 48 | </listitem>
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| 49 | <listitem>
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| 50 | <para>Estimated disk space required: &sendmail-buildsize;</para>
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| 51 | </listitem>
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| 52 | <listitem>
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| 53 | <para>Estimated build time: &sendmail-time;</para>
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| 54 | </listitem>
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| 55 | </itemizedlist>
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| 56 |
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| 57 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Sendmail Dependencies</bridgehead>
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| 58 |
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| 59 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
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| 60 | <para><xref linkend="db"/> and <xref linkend="procmail"/></para>
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| 61 |
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| 62 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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| 63 | <para><xref linkend="openssl"/>,
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| 64 | <xref linkend="openldap"/>,
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| 65 | <xref linkend="tcpwrappers"/>,
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| 66 | <xref linkend="cyrus-sasl"/>,
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| 67 | <ulink url="http://www-dev.cites.uiuc.edu/ph/nph/">nph</ulink>, and
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| 68 | <xref linkend="gs"/> or <xref linkend="espgs"/> (for creating
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| 69 | PDF documentation)</para>
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| 70 |
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| 71 | </sect2>
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| 72 |
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| 73 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 74 | <title>Installation of Sendmail</title>
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| 75 |
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| 76 | <para>Before building <application>Sendmail</application>, create the
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| 77 | users, groups and directories that <application>Sendmail</application>
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| 78 | requires with the following commands issued as the
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| 79 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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| 80 |
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[b785ab29] | 81 | <screen role="root"><userinput>groupadd -g 26 smmsp &&
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| 82 | groupadd -g 34 mail &&
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[8f400dc] | 83 | useradd -c "Sendmail Daemon" -g smmsp -G mail \
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[b785ab29] | 84 | -d /dev/null -s /bin/false -u 26 smmsp &&
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[8f400dc] | 85 | chmod -v 1777 /var/mail &&
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[e6bbc4f9] | 86 | install -v -m700 -d /var/spool/mqueue</userinput></screen>
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| 87 |
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| 88 | <para><emphasis>Note:</emphasis> See the source tree
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| 89 | <filename>sendmail/README</filename> file for information on linking
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| 90 | optional packages into the build. Use the example below, which adds
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| 91 | support for <application>tcpwrappers</application>, SASL, StartTLS
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| 92 | (<application>OpenSSL</application>) and
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| 93 | <application>OpenLDAP</application>, as a starting point.
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| 94 | Of course, modify it to suit your particular needs.</para>
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| 95 |
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| 96 | <screen><userinput>cat >> devtools/Site/site.config.m4 << "EOF"
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| 97 | <literal>APPENDDEF(`confENVDEF',`-DSTARTTLS -DTCPWRAPPERS -DSASL -DLDAPMAP')
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[113bb709] | 98 | APPENDDEF(`confLIBS', `-lssl -lcrypto -lwrap -lsasl2 -lldap -llber')
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[e6bbc4f9] | 99 | APPENDDEF(`confINCDIRS', `-I/usr/include/sasl')</literal>
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| 100 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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[113bb709] | 101 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 102 | <para>Install <application>Sendmail</application> with the following
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| 103 | commands:</para>
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[0931098] | 104 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 105 | <screen><userinput>cat >> devtools/Site/site.config.m4 << "EOF"
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| 106 | <literal>define(`confMANGRP',`root')
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[0931098] | 107 | define(`confMANOWN',`root')
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| 108 | define(`confSBINGRP',`root')
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| 109 | define(`confUBINGRP',`root')
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[e6bbc4f9] | 110 | define(`confUBINOWN',`root')</literal>
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| 111 | EOF
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[0931098] | 112 | cd sendmail &&
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| 113 | sh Build &&
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| 114 | cd ../cf/cf &&
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| 115 | cp generic-linux.mc sendmail.mc &&
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[e6bbc4f9] | 116 | sh Build sendmail.cf</userinput></screen>
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[d8614521] | 117 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 118 | <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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[d8614521] | 119 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 120 | <screen role="root"><userinput>install -v -d -m755 /etc/mail &&
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[0931098] | 121 | sh Build install-cf &&
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| 122 | cd ../../ &&
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[b40beacc] | 123 | sh Build install &&
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[d8614521] | 124 | cp -v -R cf/* /etc/mail &&
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| 125 | cp -v cf/cf/{submit,sendmail}.mc /etc/mail &&
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[e6bbc4f9] | 126 | for manpage in sendmail editmap mailstats makemap praliases smrsh
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[b40beacc] | 127 | do
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[d8614521] | 128 | install -v -m444 $manpage/$manpage.8 /usr/share/man/man8
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[b40beacc] | 129 | done &&
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[d8614521] | 130 | install -v -m444 sendmail/aliases.5 /usr/share/man/man5 &&
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| 131 | install -v -m444 sendmail/mailq.1 /usr/share/man/man1 &&
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| 132 | install -v -m444 sendmail/newaliases.1 /usr/share/man/man1 &&
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[e6bbc4f9] | 133 | install -v -m444 vacation/vacation.1 /usr/share/man/man1</userinput></screen>
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[0931098] | 134 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 135 | <para>Install the <application>Sendmail</application> Installation and
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| 136 | Operations Guide with the following commands:</para>
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[65e6ea9] | 137 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 138 | <screen><userinput>cd doc/op &&
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[65e6ea9] | 139 | sed -i -e 's/groff/GROFF_NO_SGR=1 groff/' Makefile &&
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[e6bbc4f9] | 140 | make op.txt op.pdf</userinput></screen>
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[d8614521] | 141 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 142 | <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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[d8614521] | 143 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 144 | <screen role="root"><userinput>install -v -d -m755 /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version; &&
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[d8614521] | 145 | install -v -m644 op.ps op.txt op.pdf \
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| 146 | /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version; &&
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[e6bbc4f9] | 147 | cd ../../</userinput></screen>
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| 148 |
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| 149 | <para><emphasis>Note:</emphasis> remove <filename>op.pdf</filename> from
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| 150 | the <command>make</command> and <command>install</command> commands if
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| 151 | you don't have <application>Ghostscript</application> installed.</para>
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| 152 |
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| 153 | </sect2>
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| 154 |
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| 155 | <sect2 role="commands">
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| 156 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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| 157 |
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| 158 | <para><command>cat > devtools/Site/site.config.m4 << "EOF"</command>:
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| 159 | This creates a configuration file changing some of the default settings.</para>
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| 160 |
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| 161 | <para><command>sh Build; sh Build sendmail.cf; sh Build install-cf;
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| 162 | sh Build install</command>: <application>Sendmail</application> uses an
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| 163 | <application>m4</application> based build script to create the various
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| 164 | <filename>Makefile</filename>'s. These commands build and install the
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| 165 | package.</para>
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| 166 |
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| 167 | <para><command>for manpage in...;do...;done; install ...</command>: The man
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| 168 | pages are installed already formatted and <command>man</command> displays
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| 169 | them somewhat garbled. These commands replace the formatted pages with
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| 170 | pages <command>man</command> can display properly.</para>
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| 171 |
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| 172 | </sect2>
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| 173 |
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| 174 | <sect2 role="configuration">
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| 175 | <title>Configuring Sendmail</title>
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| 176 |
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| 177 | <sect3 id="sendmail-config">
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| 178 | <title>Config Files</title>
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| 179 |
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| 180 | <para><filename>/etc/mail/*</filename></para>
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| 181 |
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| 182 | <indexterm zone="sendmail sendmail-config">
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| 183 | <primary sortas="e-etc-mail">/etc/mail/*</primary>
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| 184 | </indexterm>
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| 185 |
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| 186 | </sect3>
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| 187 |
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| 188 | <sect3>
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| 189 | <title>Configuration Information</title>
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| 190 |
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| 191 | <para>Create the <filename>/etc/mail/local-host-names</filename> and
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| 192 | <filename>/etc/mail/aliases</filename> files using the following
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| 193 | commands as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
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| 194 | user:</para>
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| 195 |
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| 196 | <screen role="root"><userinput>echo $(hostname) > /etc/mail/local-host-names
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| 197 | cat > /etc/mail/aliases << "EOF"
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| 198 | <literal>postmaster: root
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| 199 | MAILER-DAEMON: root</literal>
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| 200 |
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| 201 | EOF
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| 202 | newaliases -v</userinput></screen>
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| 203 |
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| 204 | <para><application>Sendmail</application>'s primary configuration file,
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| 205 | <filename>/etc/mail/sendmail.cf</filename>, is complex and not meant to be
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| 206 | directly edited. The recommended method to make changes is to modify
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| 207 | <filename>/etc/mail/sendmail.mc</filename>, and various
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| 208 | <application>m4</application> files, then run the <command>m4</command>
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| 209 | macro processor from within <filename class='directory'>/etc/mail</filename>
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| 210 | as follows:</para>
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| 211 |
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| 212 | <screen role="root"><userinput>m4 m4/cf.m4 sendmail.mc > sendmail.cf</userinput></screen>
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| 213 |
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| 214 | <para>A full explanation of the files to modify, and the available
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| 215 | parameters can be found in <filename>/etc/mail/README</filename>.</para>
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| 216 |
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| 217 | </sect3>
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| 218 |
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| 219 | <sect3 id="sendmail-init">
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| 220 | <title>Boot Script</title>
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| 221 |
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| 222 | <para>To automate the running of <application>Sendmail</application>
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| 223 | at startup, install the <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/sendmail</filename>
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| 224 | init script included in the
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| 225 | <xref linkend="intro-important-bootscripts"/> package.</para>
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| 226 |
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| 227 | <indexterm zone="sendmail sendmail-init">
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| 228 | <primary sortas="f-sendmail-init">sendmail</primary>
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| 229 | </indexterm>
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| 230 |
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| 231 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install-sendmail</userinput></screen>
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| 232 |
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| 233 | <note>
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| 234 | <para>The -qNm option to <command>sendmail</command>, where N is number
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| 235 | of minutes, controls how often <application>Sendmail</application> will
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| 236 | process the mail queue. A default of 5 minutes is used in the init
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| 237 | script. Individual workstation users may want to set this as low as 1
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| 238 | minute, large installations handling more mail may want to set it
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| 239 | higher.</para>
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| 240 | </note>
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| 241 |
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| 242 | </sect3>
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| 243 |
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| 244 | </sect2>
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| 245 |
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| 246 | <sect2 role="content">
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| 247 | <title>Contents</title>
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| 248 |
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| 249 | <segmentedlist>
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| 250 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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| 251 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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| 252 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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| 253 |
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| 254 | <seglistitem>
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| 255 | <seg>editmap, hoststat, mailstats, mailq, makemap, newaliases,
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| 256 | praliases, purgestat, sendmail, smrsh, and vacation</seg>
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| 257 | <seg>None</seg>
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| 258 | <seg>/etc/mail, /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version;,
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| 259 | /var/spool/mqueue, and /var/spool/clientmqueue</seg>
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| 260 | </seglistitem>
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| 261 | </segmentedlist>
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| 262 |
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| 263 | <variablelist>
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| 264 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 265 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 266 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 267 |
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| 268 | <varlistentry id="editmap">
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| 269 | <term><command>editmap</command></term>
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| 270 | <listitem>
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| 271 | <para>queries and edits <application>Sendmail</application> map
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| 272 | files.</para>
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| 273 | <indexterm zone="sendmail editmap">
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| 274 | <primary sortas="b-editmap">editmap</primary>
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| 275 | </indexterm>
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| 276 | </listitem>
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| 277 | </varlistentry>
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| 278 |
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| 279 | <varlistentry id="hoststat">
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| 280 | <term><command>hoststat</command></term>
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| 281 | <listitem>
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| 282 | <para>prints <application>Sendmail</application>'s persistent host
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| 283 | status.</para>
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| 284 | <indexterm zone="sendmail hoststat">
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| 285 | <primary sortas="b-hoststat">hoststat</primary>
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| 286 | </indexterm>
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| 287 | </listitem>
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| 288 | </varlistentry>
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| 289 |
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| 290 | <varlistentry id="mailstats">
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| 291 | <term><command>mailstats</command></term>
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| 292 | <listitem>
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| 293 | <para>displays <application>Sendmail</application> statistics.</para>
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| 294 | <indexterm zone="sendmail mailstats">
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| 295 | <primary sortas="b-mailstats">mailstats</primary>
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| 296 | </indexterm>
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| 297 | </listitem>
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| 298 | </varlistentry>
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| 299 |
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| 300 | <varlistentry id="mailq-sendmail">
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| 301 | <term><command>mailq</command></term>
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| 302 | <listitem>
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| 303 | <para>prints a summary of outbound mail messages waiting for
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| 304 | delivery.</para>
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| 305 | <indexterm zone="sendmail mailq-sendmail">
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| 306 | <primary sortas="b-mailq">mailq</primary>
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| 307 | </indexterm>
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| 308 | </listitem>
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| 309 | </varlistentry>
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| 310 |
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| 311 | <varlistentry id="makemap">
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| 312 | <term><command>makemap</command></term>
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| 313 | <listitem>
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| 314 | <para>creates <application>Sendmail</application> map files.</para>
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| 315 | <indexterm zone="sendmail makemap">
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| 316 | <primary sortas="b-makemap">makemap</primary>
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| 317 | </indexterm>
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| 318 | </listitem>
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| 319 | </varlistentry>
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| 320 |
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| 321 | <varlistentry id="newaliases-sendmail">
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| 322 | <term><command>newaliases</command></term>
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| 323 | <listitem>
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| 324 | <para>rebuilds <filename>/etc/mail/aliases.db</filename> from the
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| 325 | contents of <filename>/etc/mail/aliases</filename>.</para>
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| 326 | <indexterm zone="sendmail newaliases-sendmail">
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| 327 | <primary sortas="b-newaliases">newaliases</primary>
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| 328 | </indexterm>
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| 329 | </listitem>
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| 330 | </varlistentry>
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| 331 |
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| 332 | <varlistentry id="praliases">
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| 333 | <term><command>praliases</command></term>
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| 334 | <listitem>
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| 335 | <para>displays current <application>Sendmail</application>
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| 336 | aliases.</para>
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| 337 | <indexterm zone="sendmail praliases">
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| 338 | <primary sortas="b-praliases">praliases</primary>
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| 339 | </indexterm>
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| 340 | </listitem>
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| 341 | </varlistentry>
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| 342 |
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| 343 | <varlistentry id="purgestat">
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| 344 | <term><command>purgestat</command></term>
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| 345 | <listitem>
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| 346 | <para> causes <application>Sendmail</application> to clear (purge)
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| 347 | all its host-status information.</para>
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| 348 | <indexterm zone="sendmail purgestat">
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| 349 | <primary sortas="b-purgestat">purgestat</primary>
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| 350 | </indexterm>
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| 351 | </listitem>
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| 352 | </varlistentry>
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| 353 |
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| 354 | <varlistentry id="sendmail-prog-sendmail">
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| 355 | <term><command>sendmail</command></term>
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| 356 | <listitem>
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| 357 | <para>is the <application>Sendmail</application> mail transport
|
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| 358 | agent.</para>
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| 359 | <indexterm zone="sendmail sendmail-prog-sendmail">
|
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| 360 | <primary sortas="b-sendmail">sendmail</primary>
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| 361 | </indexterm>
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| 362 | </listitem>
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| 363 | </varlistentry>
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| 364 |
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| 365 | <varlistentry id="smrsh">
|
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| 366 | <term><command>smrsh</command></term>
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| 367 | <listitem>
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| 368 | <para>is a restricted shell for
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| 369 | <application>Sendmail</application>.</para>
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| 370 | <indexterm zone="sendmail smrsh">
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| 371 | <primary sortas="b-smrsh">smrsh</primary>
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| 372 | </indexterm>
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| 373 | </listitem>
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| 374 | </varlistentry>
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| 375 |
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| 376 | <varlistentry id="vacation-sendmail">
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| 377 | <term><command>vacation</command></term>
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| 378 | <listitem>
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| 379 | <para>is an email auto responder.</para>
|
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| 380 | <indexterm zone="sendmail vacation-sendmail">
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| 381 | <primary sortas="b-vacation">vacation</primary>
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| 382 | </indexterm>
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| 383 | </listitem>
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| 384 | </varlistentry>
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| 385 |
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| 386 | </variablelist>
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| 387 |
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| 388 | </sect2>
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[f45b1953] | 389 |
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| 390 | </sect1>
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