[0931098] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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[6732c094] | 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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[0931098] | 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 |
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[10405e6] | 7 | <!-- Downloads a web page
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| 8 | <!ENTITY sendmail-download-http "http://www.sendmail.org/ftp/sendmail.&sendmail-version;.tar.gz"> -->
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| 9 | <!ENTITY sendmail-download-http " ">
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[fb33bddb] | 10 | <!ENTITY sendmail-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.sendmail.org/pub/sendmail/sendmail.&sendmail-version;.tar.gz">
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[00e014f4] | 11 | <!ENTITY sendmail-md5sum "a824fa7dea4d3341efb6462ccd816f00">
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[2347067b] | 12 | <!ENTITY sendmail-size "2.1 MB">
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[00e014f4] | 13 | <!ENTITY sendmail-buildsize "14 MB">
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| 14 | <!ENTITY sendmail-time "0.2 SBU">
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[0931098] | 15 | ]>
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| 16 |
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[dc600829] | 17 | <sect1 id="sendmail" xreflabel="sendmail-&sendmail-version;">
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[e6bbc4f9] | 18 | <?dbhtml filename="sendmail.html"?>
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| 19 |
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| 20 | <sect1info>
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| 21 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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| 22 | <date>$Date$</date>
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| 23 | </sect1info>
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| 24 |
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[dc600829] | 25 | <title>sendmail-&sendmail-version;</title>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 26 |
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| 27 | <indexterm zone="sendmail">
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[dc600829] | 28 | <primary sortas="a-sendmail">sendmail</primary>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 29 | </indexterm>
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| 30 |
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| 31 | <sect2 role="package">
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[dc600829] | 32 | <title>Introduction to sendmail</title>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 33 |
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[dc600829] | 34 | <para>The <application>sendmail</application> package contains a Mail
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[e6bbc4f9] | 35 | Transport Agent (MTA).</para>
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| 36 |
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[c569acc5] | 37 | &lfs7a_checked;
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[5d28d0d4] | 38 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 39 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 40 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 41 | <listitem>
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| 42 | <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&sendmail-download-http;"/></para>
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| 43 | </listitem>
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| 44 | <listitem>
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| 45 | <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&sendmail-download-ftp;"/></para>
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| 46 | </listitem>
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| 47 | <listitem>
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| 48 | <para>Download MD5 sum: &sendmail-md5sum;</para>
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| 49 | </listitem>
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| 50 | <listitem>
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| 51 | <para>Download size: &sendmail-size;</para>
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| 52 | </listitem>
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| 53 | <listitem>
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| 54 | <para>Estimated disk space required: &sendmail-buildsize;</para>
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| 55 | </listitem>
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| 56 | <listitem>
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| 57 | <para>Estimated build time: &sendmail-time;</para>
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| 58 | </listitem>
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| 59 | </itemizedlist>
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| 60 |
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[dc600829] | 61 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">sendmail Dependencies</bridgehead>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 62 |
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| 63 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
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[dc600829] | 64 | <para role="required">
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[4585084d] | 65 | <xref linkend="openldap"/> (client)
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[dc600829] | 66 | </para>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 67 |
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[c612fc3] | 68 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Recommanded</bridgehead>
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| 69 | <para role="recommanded">
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| 70 | <xref linkend="openssl"/> and
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| 71 | <xref linkend="cyrus-sasl"/>
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| 72 | </para>
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| 73 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 74 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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[dc600829] | 75 | <para role="optional">
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[dc20ce3] | 76 | <xref linkend="gs"/> (for creating PDF documentation),
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| 77 | <xref linkend="procmail"/> (the configuration proposed below requires
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| 78 | that <command>procmail</command> be present at run-time), and
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| 79 | <ulink url="http://www.feep.net/nph/">nph</ulink>
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[dc600829] | 80 | </para>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 81 |
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[3cb0c57] | 82 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
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| 83 | <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/sendmail"/></para>
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| 84 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 85 | </sect2>
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| 86 |
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| 87 | <sect2 role="installation">
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[dc600829] | 88 | <title>Installation of sendmail</title>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 89 |
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[dc600829] | 90 | <para>Before building <application>sendmail</application>, create the
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[fb33bddb] | 91 | required user, group and directory with the following commands issued as
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| 92 | the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 93 |
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[10405e6] | 94 | <screen role="root"><userinput>groupadd -g 26 smmsp &&
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[fb33bddb] | 95 | useradd -c "Sendmail Daemon" -g smmsp -d /dev/null \
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[10405e6] | 96 | -s /bin/false -u 26 smmsp &&
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| 97 | chmod -v 1777 /var/mail &&
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[e6bbc4f9] | 98 | install -v -m700 -d /var/spool/mqueue</userinput></screen>
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| 99 |
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[10405e6] | 100 | <note><para>See the source tree <filename>sendmail/README</filename> file
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| 101 | for information on linking optional packages into the build. Use the
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| 102 | example below, which adds support for SASL, StartTLS
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[e6bbc4f9] | 103 | (<application>OpenSSL</application>) and
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[10405e6] | 104 | <application>OpenLDAP</application>, as a starting point. Of course,
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| 105 | modify it to suit your particular needs.</para></note>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 106 |
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| 107 | <screen><userinput>cat >> devtools/Site/site.config.m4 << "EOF"
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[8c5de824] | 108 | <literal>APPENDDEF(`confENVDEF',`-DSTARTTLS -DSASL -DLDAPMAP')
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[c612fc3] | 109 | APPENDDEF(`confLIBS', `-lssl -lcrypto -lsasl2 -lldap -llber -ldb')
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[e6bbc4f9] | 110 | APPENDDEF(`confINCDIRS', `-I/usr/include/sasl')</literal>
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| 111 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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[113bb709] | 112 |
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[dc600829] | 113 | <para>Install <application>sendmail</application> with the following
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[e6bbc4f9] | 114 | commands:</para>
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[0931098] | 115 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 116 | <screen><userinput>cat >> devtools/Site/site.config.m4 << "EOF"
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| 117 | <literal>define(`confMANGRP',`root')
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[0931098] | 118 | define(`confMANOWN',`root')
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| 119 | define(`confSBINGRP',`root')
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| 120 | define(`confUBINGRP',`root')
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[2347067b] | 121 | define(`confUBINOWN',`root')</literal>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 122 | EOF
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[10405e6] | 123 |
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[3b00d20] | 124 | sed -i 's|/usr/man/man|/usr/share/man/man|' \
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| 125 | devtools/OS/Linux &&
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| 126 |
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[10405e6] | 127 | cd sendmail &&
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| 128 | sh Build &&
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| 129 | cd ../cf/cf &&
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[0931098] | 130 | cp generic-linux.mc sendmail.mc &&
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[e6bbc4f9] | 131 | sh Build sendmail.cf</userinput></screen>
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[d8614521] | 132 |
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[2e8e154] | 133 | <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
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| 134 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 135 | <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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[d8614521] | 136 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 137 | <screen role="root"><userinput>install -v -d -m755 /etc/mail &&
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[0931098] | 138 | sh Build install-cf &&
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[fb33bddb] | 139 |
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[10405e6] | 140 | cd ../.. &&
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| 141 | sh Build install &&
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[fb33bddb] | 142 |
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| 143 | install -v -m644 cf/cf/{submit,sendmail}.mc /etc/mail &&
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[10405e6] | 144 | cp -v -R cf/* /etc/mail &&
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[fb33bddb] | 145 |
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| 146 | install -v -m755 -d /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version;/{cf,sendmail} &&
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[10405e6] | 147 |
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| 148 | install -v -m644 CACerts FAQ KNOWNBUGS LICENSE PGPKEYS README RELEASE_NOTES \
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[fb33bddb] | 149 | /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version; &&
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[10405e6] | 150 |
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[fb33bddb] | 151 | install -v -m644 sendmail/{README,SECURITY,TRACEFLAGS,TUNING} \
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| 152 | /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version;/sendmail &&
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[10405e6] | 153 |
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[fb33bddb] | 154 | install -v -m644 cf/README /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version;/cf &&
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| 155 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 156 | for manpage in sendmail editmap mailstats makemap praliases smrsh
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[b40beacc] | 157 | do
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[10405e6] | 158 | install -v -m644 $manpage/$manpage.8 /usr/share/man/man8
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[b40beacc] | 159 | done &&
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[10405e6] | 160 |
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| 161 | install -v -m644 sendmail/aliases.5 /usr/share/man/man5 &&
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| 162 | install -v -m644 sendmail/mailq.1 /usr/share/man/man1 &&
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| 163 | install -v -m644 sendmail/newaliases.1 /usr/share/man/man1 &&
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| 164 | install -v -m644 vacation/vacation.1 /usr/share/man/man1</userinput></screen>
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[0931098] | 165 |
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[dc600829] | 166 | <para>Install the <application>sendmail</application> Installation and
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[e6bbc4f9] | 167 | Operations Guide with the following commands:</para>
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[65e6ea9] | 168 |
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[10405e6] | 169 | <note><para>Remove <filename>op.pdf</filename> from the
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| 170 | <command>make</command> and <command>install</command> commands below if
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| 171 | you don't have <application>Ghostscript</application>
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| 172 | installed.</para></note>
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| 173 |
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| 174 | <screen><userinput>cd doc/op &&
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[fb33bddb] | 175 | sed -i 's/groff/GROFF_NO_SGR=1 groff/' Makefile &&
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[e6bbc4f9] | 176 | make op.txt op.pdf</userinput></screen>
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[d8614521] | 177 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 178 | <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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[d8614521] | 179 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 180 | <screen role="root"><userinput>install -v -d -m755 /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version; &&
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[fb33bddb] | 181 | install -v -m644 op.ps op.txt op.pdf /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version; &&
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| 182 | cd ../..</userinput></screen>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 183 |
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| 184 | </sect2>
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| 185 |
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| 186 | <sect2 role="commands">
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| 187 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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| 188 |
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| 189 | <para><command>cat > devtools/Site/site.config.m4 << "EOF"</command>:
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| 190 | This creates a configuration file changing some of the default settings.</para>
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| 191 |
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[3b00d20] | 192 | <para><command>sed ... devtools/OS/Linux</command>: The site.config.m4
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[f3429309] | 193 | does not honor a change to the man directory, so fix it in the OS
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[3b00d20] | 194 | definitions.</para>
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| 195 |
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[10405e6] | 196 | <para><command>sed ... include/sm/bdb.h</command>: This allows sendmail to
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| 197 | build properly with <xref linkend='db'/> versions 5 and above.</para>
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| 198 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 199 | <para><command>sh Build; sh Build sendmail.cf; sh Build install-cf;
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[dc600829] | 200 | sh Build install</command>: <application>sendmail</application> uses an
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[e6bbc4f9] | 201 | <application>m4</application> based build script to create the various
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[fb33bddb] | 202 | <filename>Makefile</filename>s. These commands build and install the
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[e6bbc4f9] | 203 | package.</para>
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| 204 |
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| 205 | <para><command>for manpage in...;do...;done; install ...</command>: The man
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| 206 | pages are installed already formatted and <command>man</command> displays
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| 207 | them somewhat garbled. These commands replace the formatted pages with
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| 208 | pages <command>man</command> can display properly.</para>
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| 209 |
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| 210 | </sect2>
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| 211 |
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| 212 | <sect2 role="configuration">
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[dc600829] | 213 | <title>Configuring sendmail</title>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 214 |
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| 215 | <sect3 id="sendmail-config">
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| 216 | <title>Config Files</title>
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| 217 |
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| 218 | <para><filename>/etc/mail/*</filename></para>
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| 219 |
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| 220 | <indexterm zone="sendmail sendmail-config">
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| 221 | <primary sortas="e-etc-mail">/etc/mail/*</primary>
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| 222 | </indexterm>
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| 223 |
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| 224 | </sect3>
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| 225 |
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| 226 | <sect3>
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| 227 | <title>Configuration Information</title>
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| 228 |
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[059a1a5c] | 229 | <note><para>Ensure you have a fully qualified domain name defined
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| 230 | in <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> for your system before proceeding.
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| 231 | </para></note>
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| 232 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 233 | <para>Create the <filename>/etc/mail/local-host-names</filename> and
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| 234 | <filename>/etc/mail/aliases</filename> files using the following
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| 235 | commands as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
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| 236 | user:</para>
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| 237 |
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| 238 | <screen role="root"><userinput>echo $(hostname) > /etc/mail/local-host-names
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| 239 | cat > /etc/mail/aliases << "EOF"
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| 240 | <literal>postmaster: root
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| 241 | MAILER-DAEMON: root</literal>
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| 242 |
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| 243 | EOF
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[6cf1113] | 244 | newaliases</userinput></screen>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 245 |
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[dc600829] | 246 | <para><application>sendmail</application>'s primary configuration file,
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[e6bbc4f9] | 247 | <filename>/etc/mail/sendmail.cf</filename>, is complex and not meant to be
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[fb33bddb] | 248 | directly edited. The recommended method for changing it is to modify
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| 249 | <filename>/etc/mail/sendmail.mc</filename> and various
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[e6bbc4f9] | 250 | <application>m4</application> files, then run the <command>m4</command>
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[fb33bddb] | 251 | macro processor from within
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| 252 | <filename class='directory'>/etc/mail</filename> as follows:</para>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 253 |
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[3b00d20] | 254 | <screen role="root"><userinput>cd /etc/mail &&
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| 255 | m4 m4/cf.m4 sendmail.mc > sendmail.cf</userinput></screen>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 256 |
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| 257 | <para>A full explanation of the files to modify, and the available
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| 258 | parameters can be found in <filename>/etc/mail/README</filename>.</para>
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| 259 |
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| 260 | </sect3>
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| 261 |
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| 262 | <sect3 id="sendmail-init">
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[1258125] | 263 | <title><phrase revision="sysv">Boot Script</phrase>
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| 264 | <phrase revision="systemd">Systemd Unit</phrase></title>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 265 |
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[dc600829] | 266 | <para>To automate the running of <application>sendmail</application>
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[1258125] | 267 | at startup, install the
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| 268 | <phrase revision="sysv"><filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/sendmail</filename>
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| 269 | init script</phrase>
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| 270 | <phrase revision="systemd"><filename>sendmail.service</filename>
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| 271 | unit</phrase> included in the
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[3c7bd00] | 272 | <xref linkend="bootscripts" revision="sysv"/>
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| 273 | <xref linkend="systemd-units" revision="systemd"/> package.</para>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 274 |
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| 275 | <indexterm zone="sendmail sendmail-init">
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| 276 | <primary sortas="f-sendmail-init">sendmail</primary>
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| 277 | </indexterm>
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| 278 |
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| 279 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install-sendmail</userinput></screen>
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| 280 |
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| 281 | <note>
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| 282 | <para>The -qNm option to <command>sendmail</command>, where N is number
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[dc600829] | 283 | of minutes, controls how often <application>sendmail</application> will
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[1258125] | 284 | process the mail queue. A default of 5 minutes is used in the
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| 285 | <phrase revision="sysv">init script.</phrase>
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| 286 | <phrase revision="systemd">systemd unit.</phrase> Individual
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| 287 | workstation users may want to set this as low as 1 minute, large
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| 288 | installations handling more mail may want to set it higher.</para>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 289 | </note>
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| 290 |
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| 291 | </sect3>
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| 292 |
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| 293 | </sect2>
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| 294 |
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| 295 | <sect2 role="content">
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| 296 | <title>Contents</title>
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| 297 |
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| 298 | <segmentedlist>
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| 299 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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| 300 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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| 301 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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| 302 |
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| 303 | <seglistitem>
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[4585084d] | 304 | <seg>editmap, mailstats, makemap, praliases, sendmail, smrsh,
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| 305 | and vacation; symlinks to /usr/sbin/sendmail: hoststat, mailq,
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| 306 | newaliases, and purgestat</seg>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 307 | <seg>None</seg>
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| 308 | <seg>/etc/mail, /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version;,
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| 309 | /var/spool/mqueue, and /var/spool/clientmqueue</seg>
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| 310 | </seglistitem>
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| 311 | </segmentedlist>
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| 312 |
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| 313 | <variablelist>
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| 314 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 315 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 316 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
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| 317 |
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| 318 | <varlistentry id="editmap">
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| 319 | <term><command>editmap</command></term>
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| 320 | <listitem>
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[dc600829] | 321 | <para>queries and edits <application>sendmail</application> map
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[e6bbc4f9] | 322 | files.</para>
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| 323 | <indexterm zone="sendmail editmap">
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| 324 | <primary sortas="b-editmap">editmap</primary>
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| 325 | </indexterm>
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| 326 | </listitem>
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| 327 | </varlistentry>
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| 328 |
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| 329 | <varlistentry id="hoststat">
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| 330 | <term><command>hoststat</command></term>
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| 331 | <listitem>
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[dc600829] | 332 | <para>prints <application>sendmail</application>'s persistent host
|
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[e6bbc4f9] | 333 | status.</para>
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| 334 | <indexterm zone="sendmail hoststat">
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| 335 | <primary sortas="b-hoststat">hoststat</primary>
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| 336 | </indexterm>
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| 337 | </listitem>
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| 338 | </varlistentry>
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| 339 |
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| 340 | <varlistentry id="mailstats">
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| 341 | <term><command>mailstats</command></term>
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| 342 | <listitem>
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[dc600829] | 343 | <para>displays <application>sendmail</application> statistics.</para>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 344 | <indexterm zone="sendmail mailstats">
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| 345 | <primary sortas="b-mailstats">mailstats</primary>
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| 346 | </indexterm>
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| 347 | </listitem>
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| 348 | </varlistentry>
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| 349 |
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| 350 | <varlistentry id="mailq-sendmail">
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| 351 | <term><command>mailq</command></term>
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| 352 | <listitem>
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| 353 | <para>prints a summary of outbound mail messages waiting for
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| 354 | delivery.</para>
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| 355 | <indexterm zone="sendmail mailq-sendmail">
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| 356 | <primary sortas="b-mailq">mailq</primary>
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| 357 | </indexterm>
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| 358 | </listitem>
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| 359 | </varlistentry>
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| 360 |
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| 361 | <varlistentry id="makemap">
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| 362 | <term><command>makemap</command></term>
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| 363 | <listitem>
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[dc600829] | 364 | <para>creates <application>sendmail</application> map files.</para>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 365 | <indexterm zone="sendmail makemap">
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| 366 | <primary sortas="b-makemap">makemap</primary>
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| 367 | </indexterm>
|
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| 368 | </listitem>
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| 369 | </varlistentry>
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| 370 |
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| 371 | <varlistentry id="newaliases-sendmail">
|
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| 372 | <term><command>newaliases</command></term>
|
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| 373 | <listitem>
|
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| 374 | <para>rebuilds <filename>/etc/mail/aliases.db</filename> from the
|
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| 375 | contents of <filename>/etc/mail/aliases</filename>.</para>
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| 376 | <indexterm zone="sendmail newaliases-sendmail">
|
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| 377 | <primary sortas="b-newaliases">newaliases</primary>
|
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| 378 | </indexterm>
|
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| 379 | </listitem>
|
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| 380 | </varlistentry>
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| 381 |
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| 382 | <varlistentry id="praliases">
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| 383 | <term><command>praliases</command></term>
|
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| 384 | <listitem>
|
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[dc600829] | 385 | <para>displays current <application>sendmail</application>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 386 | aliases.</para>
|
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| 387 | <indexterm zone="sendmail praliases">
|
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| 388 | <primary sortas="b-praliases">praliases</primary>
|
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| 389 | </indexterm>
|
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| 390 | </listitem>
|
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| 391 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 392 |
|
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| 393 | <varlistentry id="purgestat">
|
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| 394 | <term><command>purgestat</command></term>
|
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| 395 | <listitem>
|
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[dc600829] | 396 | <para> causes <application>sendmail</application> to clear (purge)
|
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[e6bbc4f9] | 397 | all its host-status information.</para>
|
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| 398 | <indexterm zone="sendmail purgestat">
|
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| 399 | <primary sortas="b-purgestat">purgestat</primary>
|
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| 400 | </indexterm>
|
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| 401 | </listitem>
|
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| 402 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 403 |
|
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| 404 | <varlistentry id="sendmail-prog-sendmail">
|
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| 405 | <term><command>sendmail</command></term>
|
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| 406 | <listitem>
|
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[dc600829] | 407 | <para>is the <application>sendmail</application> mail transport
|
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[e6bbc4f9] | 408 | agent.</para>
|
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| 409 | <indexterm zone="sendmail sendmail-prog-sendmail">
|
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| 410 | <primary sortas="b-sendmail">sendmail</primary>
|
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| 411 | </indexterm>
|
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| 412 | </listitem>
|
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| 413 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 414 |
|
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| 415 | <varlistentry id="smrsh">
|
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| 416 | <term><command>smrsh</command></term>
|
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| 417 | <listitem>
|
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| 418 | <para>is a restricted shell for
|
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[dc600829] | 419 | <application>sendmail</application>.</para>
|
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[e6bbc4f9] | 420 | <indexterm zone="sendmail smrsh">
|
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| 421 | <primary sortas="b-smrsh">smrsh</primary>
|
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| 422 | </indexterm>
|
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| 423 | </listitem>
|
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| 424 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 425 |
|
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| 426 | <varlistentry id="vacation-sendmail">
|
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| 427 | <term><command>vacation</command></term>
|
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| 428 | <listitem>
|
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| 429 | <para>is an email auto responder.</para>
|
---|
| 430 | <indexterm zone="sendmail vacation-sendmail">
|
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| 431 | <primary sortas="b-vacation">vacation</primary>
|
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| 432 | </indexterm>
|
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| 433 | </listitem>
|
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| 434 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 435 |
|
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| 436 | </variablelist>
|
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| 437 |
|
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| 438 | </sect2>
|
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[f45b1953] | 439 |
|
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| 440 | </sect1>
|
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