[0931098] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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[6732c094] | 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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[0931098] | 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 7 | <!ENTITY sendmail-download-http "http://www.sendmail.org/ftp/sendmail.&sendmail-version;.tar.gz">
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[fb33bddb] | 8 | <!ENTITY sendmail-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.sendmail.org/pub/sendmail/sendmail.&sendmail-version;.tar.gz">
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[dc600829] | 9 | <!ENTITY sendmail-md5sum "02ccfc331cc81ed00ec8bb5ecfc69018">
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[2e8e154] | 10 | <!ENTITY sendmail-size "2.0 MB">
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[7b769ad] | 11 | <!ENTITY sendmail-buildsize "19 MB">
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[2e8e154] | 12 | <!ENTITY sendmail-time "0.3 SBU">
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[0931098] | 13 | ]>
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| 14 |
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[dc600829] | 15 | <sect1 id="sendmail" xreflabel="sendmail-&sendmail-version;">
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[e6bbc4f9] | 16 | <?dbhtml filename="sendmail.html"?>
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| 17 |
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| 18 | <sect1info>
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| 19 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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| 20 | <date>$Date$</date>
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| 21 | </sect1info>
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| 22 |
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[dc600829] | 23 | <title>sendmail-&sendmail-version;</title>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 24 |
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| 25 | <indexterm zone="sendmail">
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[dc600829] | 26 | <primary sortas="a-sendmail">sendmail</primary>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 27 | </indexterm>
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| 28 |
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| 29 | <sect2 role="package">
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[dc600829] | 30 | <title>Introduction to sendmail</title>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 31 |
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[dc600829] | 32 | <para>The <application>sendmail</application> package contains a Mail
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[e6bbc4f9] | 33 | Transport Agent (MTA).</para>
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| 34 |
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[8c5de824] | 35 | &lfs72_checked;
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[5d28d0d4] | 36 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 37 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 38 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 39 | <listitem>
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| 40 | <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&sendmail-download-http;"/></para>
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| 41 | </listitem>
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| 42 | <listitem>
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| 43 | <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&sendmail-download-ftp;"/></para>
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| 44 | </listitem>
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| 45 | <listitem>
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| 46 | <para>Download MD5 sum: &sendmail-md5sum;</para>
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| 47 | </listitem>
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| 48 | <listitem>
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| 49 | <para>Download size: &sendmail-size;</para>
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| 50 | </listitem>
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| 51 | <listitem>
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| 52 | <para>Estimated disk space required: &sendmail-buildsize;</para>
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| 53 | </listitem>
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| 54 | <listitem>
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| 55 | <para>Estimated build time: &sendmail-time;</para>
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| 56 | </listitem>
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| 57 | </itemizedlist>
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| 58 |
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[dc600829] | 59 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">sendmail Dependencies</bridgehead>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 60 |
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| 61 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
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[dc600829] | 62 | <para role="required">
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| 63 | <xref linkend="openldap"/>
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| 64 | </para>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 65 |
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| 66 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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[dc600829] | 67 | <para role="optional">
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| 68 | <xref linkend="openssl"/>,
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| 69 | <xref linkend="cyrus-sasl"/>,
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| 70 | <xref linkend="procmail"/>,
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| 71 | <ulink url="http://www.feep.net/nph/">nph</ulink>, and
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| 72 | <xref linkend="gs"/> (for creating PDF documentation)
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| 73 | </para>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 74 |
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[3cb0c57] | 75 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
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| 76 | <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/sendmail"/></para>
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| 77 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 78 | </sect2>
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| 79 |
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| 80 | <sect2 role="installation">
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[dc600829] | 81 | <title>Installation of sendmail</title>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 82 |
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[dc600829] | 83 | <para>Before building <application>sendmail</application>, create the
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[fb33bddb] | 84 | required user, group and directory with the following commands issued as
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| 85 | the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 86 |
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[b785ab29] | 87 | <screen role="root"><userinput>groupadd -g 26 smmsp &&
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[fb33bddb] | 88 | useradd -c "Sendmail Daemon" -g smmsp -d /dev/null \
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| 89 | -s /bin/false -u 26 smmsp &&
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[8f400dc] | 90 | chmod -v 1777 /var/mail &&
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[e6bbc4f9] | 91 | install -v -m700 -d /var/spool/mqueue</userinput></screen>
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| 92 |
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| 93 | <para><emphasis>Note:</emphasis> See the source tree
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| 94 | <filename>sendmail/README</filename> file for information on linking
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| 95 | optional packages into the build. Use the example below, which adds
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[8c5de824] | 96 | support for SASL, StartTLS
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[e6bbc4f9] | 97 | (<application>OpenSSL</application>) and
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| 98 | <application>OpenLDAP</application>, as a starting point.
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| 99 | Of course, modify it to suit your particular needs.</para>
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| 100 |
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| 101 | <screen><userinput>cat >> devtools/Site/site.config.m4 << "EOF"
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[8c5de824] | 102 | <literal>APPENDDEF(`confENVDEF',`-DSTARTTLS -DSASL -DLDAPMAP')
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| 103 | APPENDDEF(`confLIBS', `-lssl -lcrypto -lsasl2 -lldap -llber')
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[e6bbc4f9] | 104 | APPENDDEF(`confINCDIRS', `-I/usr/include/sasl')</literal>
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| 105 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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[113bb709] | 106 |
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[dc600829] | 107 | <para>Install <application>sendmail</application> with the following
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[e6bbc4f9] | 108 | commands:</para>
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[0931098] | 109 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 110 | <screen><userinput>cat >> devtools/Site/site.config.m4 << "EOF"
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| 111 | <literal>define(`confMANGRP',`root')
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[0931098] | 112 | define(`confMANOWN',`root')
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| 113 | define(`confSBINGRP',`root')
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| 114 | define(`confUBINGRP',`root')
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[e6bbc4f9] | 115 | define(`confUBINOWN',`root')</literal>
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| 116 | EOF
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[0931098] | 117 | cd sendmail &&
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| 118 | sh Build &&
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| 119 | cd ../cf/cf &&
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| 120 | cp generic-linux.mc sendmail.mc &&
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[e6bbc4f9] | 121 | sh Build sendmail.cf</userinput></screen>
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[d8614521] | 122 |
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[2e8e154] | 123 | <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
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| 124 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 125 | <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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[d8614521] | 126 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 127 | <screen role="root"><userinput>install -v -d -m755 /etc/mail &&
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[0931098] | 128 | sh Build install-cf &&
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[fb33bddb] | 129 |
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| 130 | cd ../.. &&
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[b40beacc] | 131 | sh Build install &&
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[fb33bddb] | 132 |
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| 133 | install -v -m644 cf/cf/{submit,sendmail}.mc /etc/mail &&
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[d8614521] | 134 | cp -v -R cf/* /etc/mail &&
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[fb33bddb] | 135 |
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| 136 | install -v -m755 -d /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version;/{cf,sendmail} &&
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| 137 | install -v -m644 \
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| 138 | CACerts FAQ KNOWNBUGS LICENSE PGPKEYS README RELEASE_NOTES \
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| 139 | /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version; &&
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| 140 | install -v -m644 sendmail/{README,SECURITY,TRACEFLAGS,TUNING} \
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| 141 | /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version;/sendmail &&
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| 142 | install -v -m644 cf/README /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version;/cf &&
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| 143 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 144 | for manpage in sendmail editmap mailstats makemap praliases smrsh
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[b40beacc] | 145 | do
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[d8614521] | 146 | install -v -m444 $manpage/$manpage.8 /usr/share/man/man8
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[b40beacc] | 147 | done &&
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[d8614521] | 148 | install -v -m444 sendmail/aliases.5 /usr/share/man/man5 &&
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| 149 | install -v -m444 sendmail/mailq.1 /usr/share/man/man1 &&
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| 150 | install -v -m444 sendmail/newaliases.1 /usr/share/man/man1 &&
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[e6bbc4f9] | 151 | install -v -m444 vacation/vacation.1 /usr/share/man/man1</userinput></screen>
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[0931098] | 152 |
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[dc600829] | 153 | <para>Install the <application>sendmail</application> Installation and
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[e6bbc4f9] | 154 | Operations Guide with the following commands:</para>
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[65e6ea9] | 155 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 156 | <screen><userinput>cd doc/op &&
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[fb33bddb] | 157 | sed -i 's/groff/GROFF_NO_SGR=1 groff/' Makefile &&
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[e6bbc4f9] | 158 | make op.txt op.pdf</userinput></screen>
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[d8614521] | 159 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 160 | <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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[d8614521] | 161 |
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[e6bbc4f9] | 162 | <screen role="root"><userinput>install -v -d -m755 /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version; &&
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[fb33bddb] | 163 | install -v -m644 op.ps op.txt op.pdf /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version; &&
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| 164 | cd ../..</userinput></screen>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 165 |
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| 166 | <para><emphasis>Note:</emphasis> remove <filename>op.pdf</filename> from
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| 167 | the <command>make</command> and <command>install</command> commands if
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| 168 | you don't have <application>Ghostscript</application> installed.</para>
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| 169 |
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| 170 | </sect2>
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| 171 |
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| 172 | <sect2 role="commands">
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| 173 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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| 174 |
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| 175 | <para><command>cat > devtools/Site/site.config.m4 << "EOF"</command>:
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| 176 | This creates a configuration file changing some of the default settings.</para>
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| 177 |
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| 178 | <para><command>sh Build; sh Build sendmail.cf; sh Build install-cf;
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[dc600829] | 179 | sh Build install</command>: <application>sendmail</application> uses an
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[e6bbc4f9] | 180 | <application>m4</application> based build script to create the various
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[fb33bddb] | 181 | <filename>Makefile</filename>s. These commands build and install the
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[e6bbc4f9] | 182 | package.</para>
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| 183 |
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| 184 | <para><command>for manpage in...;do...;done; install ...</command>: The man
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| 185 | pages are installed already formatted and <command>man</command> displays
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| 186 | them somewhat garbled. These commands replace the formatted pages with
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| 187 | pages <command>man</command> can display properly.</para>
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| 188 |
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| 189 | </sect2>
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| 190 |
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| 191 | <sect2 role="configuration">
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[dc600829] | 192 | <title>Configuring sendmail</title>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 193 |
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| 194 | <sect3 id="sendmail-config">
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| 195 | <title>Config Files</title>
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| 196 |
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| 197 | <para><filename>/etc/mail/*</filename></para>
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| 198 |
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| 199 | <indexterm zone="sendmail sendmail-config">
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| 200 | <primary sortas="e-etc-mail">/etc/mail/*</primary>
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| 201 | </indexterm>
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| 202 |
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| 203 | </sect3>
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| 204 |
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| 205 | <sect3>
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| 206 | <title>Configuration Information</title>
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| 207 |
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| 208 | <para>Create the <filename>/etc/mail/local-host-names</filename> and
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| 209 | <filename>/etc/mail/aliases</filename> files using the following
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| 210 | commands as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
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| 211 | user:</para>
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| 212 |
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| 213 | <screen role="root"><userinput>echo $(hostname) > /etc/mail/local-host-names
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| 214 | cat > /etc/mail/aliases << "EOF"
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| 215 | <literal>postmaster: root
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| 216 | MAILER-DAEMON: root</literal>
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| 217 |
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| 218 | EOF
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| 219 | newaliases -v</userinput></screen>
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| 220 |
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[dc600829] | 221 | <para><application>sendmail</application>'s primary configuration file,
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[e6bbc4f9] | 222 | <filename>/etc/mail/sendmail.cf</filename>, is complex and not meant to be
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[fb33bddb] | 223 | directly edited. The recommended method for changing it is to modify
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| 224 | <filename>/etc/mail/sendmail.mc</filename> and various
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[e6bbc4f9] | 225 | <application>m4</application> files, then run the <command>m4</command>
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[fb33bddb] | 226 | macro processor from within
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| 227 | <filename class='directory'>/etc/mail</filename> as follows:</para>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 228 |
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| 229 | <screen role="root"><userinput>m4 m4/cf.m4 sendmail.mc > sendmail.cf</userinput></screen>
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| 230 |
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| 231 | <para>A full explanation of the files to modify, and the available
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| 232 | parameters can be found in <filename>/etc/mail/README</filename>.</para>
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| 233 |
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| 234 | </sect3>
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| 235 |
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| 236 | <sect3 id="sendmail-init">
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| 237 | <title>Boot Script</title>
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| 238 |
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[dc600829] | 239 | <para>To automate the running of <application>sendmail</application>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 240 | at startup, install the <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/sendmail</filename>
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| 241 | init script included in the
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[5254d12] | 242 | <xref linkend="bootscripts"/> package.</para>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 243 |
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| 244 | <indexterm zone="sendmail sendmail-init">
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| 245 | <primary sortas="f-sendmail-init">sendmail</primary>
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| 246 | </indexterm>
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| 247 |
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| 248 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install-sendmail</userinput></screen>
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| 249 |
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| 250 | <note>
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| 251 | <para>The -qNm option to <command>sendmail</command>, where N is number
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[dc600829] | 252 | of minutes, controls how often <application>sendmail</application> will
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[e6bbc4f9] | 253 | process the mail queue. A default of 5 minutes is used in the init
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| 254 | script. Individual workstation users may want to set this as low as 1
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| 255 | minute, large installations handling more mail may want to set it
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| 256 | higher.</para>
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| 257 | </note>
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| 258 |
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| 259 | </sect3>
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| 260 |
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| 261 | </sect2>
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| 262 |
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| 263 | <sect2 role="content">
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| 264 | <title>Contents</title>
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| 265 |
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| 266 | <segmentedlist>
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| 267 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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| 268 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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| 269 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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| 270 |
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| 271 | <seglistitem>
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| 272 | <seg>editmap, hoststat, mailstats, mailq, makemap, newaliases,
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| 273 | praliases, purgestat, sendmail, smrsh, and vacation</seg>
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| 274 | <seg>None</seg>
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| 275 | <seg>/etc/mail, /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version;,
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| 276 | /var/spool/mqueue, and /var/spool/clientmqueue</seg>
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| 277 | </seglistitem>
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| 278 | </segmentedlist>
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| 279 |
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| 280 | <variablelist>
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| 281 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 282 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 283 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 284 |
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| 285 | <varlistentry id="editmap">
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| 286 | <term><command>editmap</command></term>
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| 287 | <listitem>
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[dc600829] | 288 | <para>queries and edits <application>sendmail</application> map
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[e6bbc4f9] | 289 | files.</para>
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| 290 | <indexterm zone="sendmail editmap">
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| 291 | <primary sortas="b-editmap">editmap</primary>
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| 292 | </indexterm>
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| 293 | </listitem>
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| 294 | </varlistentry>
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| 295 |
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| 296 | <varlistentry id="hoststat">
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| 297 | <term><command>hoststat</command></term>
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| 298 | <listitem>
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[dc600829] | 299 | <para>prints <application>sendmail</application>'s persistent host
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[e6bbc4f9] | 300 | status.</para>
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| 301 | <indexterm zone="sendmail hoststat">
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| 302 | <primary sortas="b-hoststat">hoststat</primary>
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| 303 | </indexterm>
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| 304 | </listitem>
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| 305 | </varlistentry>
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| 306 |
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| 307 | <varlistentry id="mailstats">
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| 308 | <term><command>mailstats</command></term>
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| 309 | <listitem>
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[dc600829] | 310 | <para>displays <application>sendmail</application> statistics.</para>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 311 | <indexterm zone="sendmail mailstats">
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| 312 | <primary sortas="b-mailstats">mailstats</primary>
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| 313 | </indexterm>
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| 314 | </listitem>
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| 315 | </varlistentry>
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| 316 |
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| 317 | <varlistentry id="mailq-sendmail">
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| 318 | <term><command>mailq</command></term>
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| 319 | <listitem>
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| 320 | <para>prints a summary of outbound mail messages waiting for
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| 321 | delivery.</para>
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| 322 | <indexterm zone="sendmail mailq-sendmail">
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| 323 | <primary sortas="b-mailq">mailq</primary>
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| 324 | </indexterm>
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| 325 | </listitem>
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| 326 | </varlistentry>
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| 327 |
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| 328 | <varlistentry id="makemap">
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| 329 | <term><command>makemap</command></term>
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| 330 | <listitem>
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[dc600829] | 331 | <para>creates <application>sendmail</application> map files.</para>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 332 | <indexterm zone="sendmail makemap">
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| 333 | <primary sortas="b-makemap">makemap</primary>
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| 334 | </indexterm>
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| 335 | </listitem>
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| 336 | </varlistentry>
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| 337 |
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| 338 | <varlistentry id="newaliases-sendmail">
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| 339 | <term><command>newaliases</command></term>
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| 340 | <listitem>
|
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| 341 | <para>rebuilds <filename>/etc/mail/aliases.db</filename> from the
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| 342 | contents of <filename>/etc/mail/aliases</filename>.</para>
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| 343 | <indexterm zone="sendmail newaliases-sendmail">
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| 344 | <primary sortas="b-newaliases">newaliases</primary>
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| 345 | </indexterm>
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| 346 | </listitem>
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| 347 | </varlistentry>
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| 348 |
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| 349 | <varlistentry id="praliases">
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| 350 | <term><command>praliases</command></term>
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| 351 | <listitem>
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[dc600829] | 352 | <para>displays current <application>sendmail</application>
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[e6bbc4f9] | 353 | aliases.</para>
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| 354 | <indexterm zone="sendmail praliases">
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| 355 | <primary sortas="b-praliases">praliases</primary>
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| 356 | </indexterm>
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| 357 | </listitem>
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| 358 | </varlistentry>
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| 359 |
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| 360 | <varlistentry id="purgestat">
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| 361 | <term><command>purgestat</command></term>
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| 362 | <listitem>
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[dc600829] | 363 | <para> causes <application>sendmail</application> to clear (purge)
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[e6bbc4f9] | 364 | all its host-status information.</para>
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| 365 | <indexterm zone="sendmail purgestat">
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| 366 | <primary sortas="b-purgestat">purgestat</primary>
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| 367 | </indexterm>
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| 368 | </listitem>
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| 369 | </varlistentry>
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| 370 |
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| 371 | <varlistentry id="sendmail-prog-sendmail">
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| 372 | <term><command>sendmail</command></term>
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| 373 | <listitem>
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[dc600829] | 374 | <para>is the <application>sendmail</application> mail transport
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[e6bbc4f9] | 375 | agent.</para>
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| 376 | <indexterm zone="sendmail sendmail-prog-sendmail">
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| 377 | <primary sortas="b-sendmail">sendmail</primary>
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| 378 | </indexterm>
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| 379 | </listitem>
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| 380 | </varlistentry>
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| 381 |
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| 382 | <varlistentry id="smrsh">
|
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| 383 | <term><command>smrsh</command></term>
|
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| 384 | <listitem>
|
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| 385 | <para>is a restricted shell for
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[dc600829] | 386 | <application>sendmail</application>.</para>
|
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[e6bbc4f9] | 387 | <indexterm zone="sendmail smrsh">
|
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| 388 | <primary sortas="b-smrsh">smrsh</primary>
|
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| 389 | </indexterm>
|
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| 390 | </listitem>
|
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| 391 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 392 |
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| 393 | <varlistentry id="vacation-sendmail">
|
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| 394 | <term><command>vacation</command></term>
|
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| 395 | <listitem>
|
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| 396 | <para>is an email auto responder.</para>
|
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| 397 | <indexterm zone="sendmail vacation-sendmail">
|
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| 398 | <primary sortas="b-vacation">vacation</primary>
|
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| 399 | </indexterm>
|
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| 400 | </listitem>
|
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| 401 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 402 |
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| 403 | </variablelist>
|
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| 404 |
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| 405 | </sect2>
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[f45b1953] | 406 |
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| 407 | </sect1>
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