source: server/mail/sendmail.xml@ 3b00d20

10.0 10.1 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 12.0 12.1 7.10 7.5 7.6 7.6-blfs 7.6-systemd 7.7 7.8 7.9 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 9.0 9.1 basic bdubbs/svn elogind gnome kde5-13430 kde5-14269 kde5-14686 kea ken/TL2024 ken/inkscape-core-mods ken/tuningfonts krejzi/svn lazarus lxqt nosym perl-modules plabs/newcss plabs/python-mods python3.11 qt5new rahul/power-profiles-daemon renodr/vulkan-addition systemd-11177 systemd-13485 trunk upgradedb xry111/intltool xry111/llvm18 xry111/soup3 xry111/test-20220226 xry111/xf86-video-removal
Last change on this file since 3b00d20 was 3b00d20, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 10 years ago

Restore sendmail

git-svn-id: svn://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/BLFS/trunk/BOOK@12806 af4574ff-66df-0310-9fd7-8a98e5e911e0
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6
7 <!-- Downloads a web page
8 <!ENTITY sendmail-download-http "http://www.sendmail.org/ftp/sendmail.&sendmail-version;.tar.gz"> -->
9 <!ENTITY sendmail-download-http " ">
10 <!ENTITY sendmail-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.sendmail.org/pub/sendmail/sendmail.&sendmail-version;.tar.gz">
11 <!ENTITY sendmail-md5sum "73bfc621c75dbdd3d719e54685d92577">
12 <!ENTITY sendmail-size "2.1 MB">
13 <!ENTITY sendmail-buildsize "18 MB">
14 <!ENTITY sendmail-time "0.2 SBU">
15]>
16
17<sect1 id="sendmail" xreflabel="sendmail-&sendmail-version;">
18 <?dbhtml filename="sendmail.html"?>
19
20 <sect1info>
21 <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
22 <date>$Date$</date>
23 </sect1info>
24
25 <title>sendmail-&sendmail-version;</title>
26
27 <indexterm zone="sendmail">
28 <primary sortas="a-sendmail">sendmail</primary>
29 </indexterm>
30
31 <sect2 role="package">
32 <title>Introduction to sendmail</title>
33
34 <para>The <application>sendmail</application> package contains a Mail
35 Transport Agent (MTA).</para>
36
37 &lfs75_checked;
38
39 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
40 <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
41 <listitem>
42 <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&sendmail-download-http;"/></para>
43 </listitem>
44 <listitem>
45 <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&sendmail-download-ftp;"/></para>
46 </listitem>
47 <listitem>
48 <para>Download MD5 sum: &sendmail-md5sum;</para>
49 </listitem>
50 <listitem>
51 <para>Download size: &sendmail-size;</para>
52 </listitem>
53 <listitem>
54 <para>Estimated disk space required: &sendmail-buildsize;</para>
55 </listitem>
56 <listitem>
57 <para>Estimated build time: &sendmail-time;</para>
58 </listitem>
59 </itemizedlist>
60
61 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">sendmail Dependencies</bridgehead>
62
63 <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
64 <para role="required">
65 <xref linkend="openldap"/> (client)
66 </para>
67
68 <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
69 <para role="optional">
70 <xref linkend="openssl"/>,
71 <xref linkend="cyrus-sasl"/>,
72 <xref linkend="procmail"/>,
73 <ulink url="http://www.feep.net/nph/">nph</ulink>, and
74 <xref linkend="gs"/> (for creating PDF documentation)
75 </para>
76
77 <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
78 <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/sendmail"/></para>
79
80 </sect2>
81
82 <sect2 role="installation">
83 <title>Installation of sendmail</title>
84
85 <para>Before building <application>sendmail</application>, create the
86 required user, group and directory with the following commands issued as
87 the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
88
89<screen role="root"><userinput>groupadd -g 26 smmsp &amp;&amp;
90useradd -c "Sendmail Daemon" -g smmsp -d /dev/null \
91 -s /bin/false -u 26 smmsp &amp;&amp;
92chmod -v 1777 /var/mail &amp;&amp;
93install -v -m700 -d /var/spool/mqueue</userinput></screen>
94
95 <note><para>See the source tree <filename>sendmail/README</filename> file
96 for information on linking optional packages into the build. Use the
97 example below, which adds support for SASL, StartTLS
98 (<application>OpenSSL</application>) and
99 <application>OpenLDAP</application>, as a starting point. Of course,
100 modify it to suit your particular needs.</para></note>
101
102<screen><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; devtools/Site/site.config.m4 &lt;&lt; "EOF"
103<literal>APPENDDEF(`confENVDEF',`-DSTARTTLS -DSASL -DLDAPMAP')
104APPENDDEF(`confLIBS', `-lssl -lcrypto -lsasl2 -lldap -llberi -ldb')
105APPENDDEF(`confINCDIRS', `-I/usr/include/sasl')</literal>
106EOF</userinput></screen>
107
108 <para>Install <application>sendmail</application> with the following
109 commands:</para>
110
111<screen><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; devtools/Site/site.config.m4 &lt;&lt; "EOF"
112<literal>define(`confMANGRP',`root')
113define(`confMANOWN',`root')
114define(`confSBINGRP',`root')
115define(`confUBINGRP',`root')
116define(`confUBINOWN',`root')
117</literal>
118EOF
119
120sed -i 's|/usr/man/man|/usr/share/man/man|' \
121 devtools/OS/Linux &amp;&amp;
122
123sed -i -r "s/^# if (DB.*)$/# if (\1) || DB_VERSION_MAJOR >= 5/" \
124 include/sm/bdb.h &amp;&amp;
125
126cd sendmail &amp;&amp;
127sh Build &amp;&amp;
128cd ../cf/cf &amp;&amp;
129cp generic-linux.mc sendmail.mc &amp;&amp;
130sh Build sendmail.cf</userinput></screen>
131
132 <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
133
134 <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
135
136<screen role="root"><userinput>install -v -d -m755 /etc/mail &amp;&amp;
137sh Build install-cf &amp;&amp;
138
139cd ../.. &amp;&amp;
140sh Build install &amp;&amp;
141
142install -v -m644 cf/cf/{submit,sendmail}.mc /etc/mail &amp;&amp;
143cp -v -R cf/* /etc/mail &amp;&amp;
144
145install -v -m755 -d /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version;/{cf,sendmail} &amp;&amp;
146
147install -v -m644 CACerts FAQ KNOWNBUGS LICENSE PGPKEYS README RELEASE_NOTES \
148 /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version; &amp;&amp;
149
150install -v -m644 sendmail/{README,SECURITY,TRACEFLAGS,TUNING} \
151 /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version;/sendmail &amp;&amp;
152
153install -v -m644 cf/README /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version;/cf &amp;&amp;
154
155for manpage in sendmail editmap mailstats makemap praliases smrsh
156do
157 install -v -m644 $manpage/$manpage.8 /usr/share/man/man8
158done &amp;&amp;
159
160install -v -m644 sendmail/aliases.5 /usr/share/man/man5 &amp;&amp;
161install -v -m644 sendmail/mailq.1 /usr/share/man/man1 &amp;&amp;
162install -v -m644 sendmail/newaliases.1 /usr/share/man/man1 &amp;&amp;
163install -v -m644 vacation/vacation.1 /usr/share/man/man1</userinput></screen>
164
165 <para>Install the <application>sendmail</application> Installation and
166 Operations Guide with the following commands:</para>
167
168 <note><para>Remove <filename>op.pdf</filename> from the
169 <command>make</command> and <command>install</command> commands below if
170 you don't have <application>Ghostscript</application>
171 installed.</para></note>
172
173<screen><userinput>cd doc/op &amp;&amp;
174sed -i 's/groff/GROFF_NO_SGR=1 groff/' Makefile &amp;&amp;
175make op.txt op.pdf</userinput></screen>
176
177 <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
178
179<screen role="root"><userinput>install -v -d -m755 /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version; &amp;&amp;
180install -v -m644 op.ps op.txt op.pdf /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version; &amp;&amp;
181cd ../..</userinput></screen>
182
183 </sect2>
184
185 <sect2 role="commands">
186 <title>Command Explanations</title>
187
188 <para><command>cat &gt; devtools/Site/site.config.m4 &lt;&lt; "EOF"</command>:
189 This creates a configuration file changing some of the default settings.</para>
190
191 <para><command>sed ... devtools/OS/Linux</command>: The site.config.m4
192 does not honor a change to the man directory, so fix it in the OS
193 definitions.</para>
194
195 <para><command>sed ... include/sm/bdb.h</command>: This allows sendmail to
196 build properly with <xref linkend='db'/> versions 5 and above.</para>
197
198 <para><command>sh Build; sh Build sendmail.cf; sh Build install-cf;
199 sh Build install</command>: <application>sendmail</application> uses an
200 <application>m4</application> based build script to create the various
201 <filename>Makefile</filename>s. These commands build and install the
202 package.</para>
203
204 <para><command>for manpage in...;do...;done; install ...</command>: The man
205 pages are installed already formatted and <command>man</command> displays
206 them somewhat garbled. These commands replace the formatted pages with
207 pages <command>man</command> can display properly.</para>
208
209 </sect2>
210
211 <sect2 role="configuration">
212 <title>Configuring sendmail</title>
213
214 <sect3 id="sendmail-config">
215 <title>Config Files</title>
216
217 <para><filename>/etc/mail/*</filename></para>
218
219 <indexterm zone="sendmail sendmail-config">
220 <primary sortas="e-etc-mail">/etc/mail/*</primary>
221 </indexterm>
222
223 </sect3>
224
225 <sect3>
226 <title>Configuration Information</title>
227
228 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/mail/local-host-names</filename> and
229 <filename>/etc/mail/aliases</filename> files using the following
230 commands as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
231 user:</para>
232
233<screen role="root"><userinput>echo $(hostname) > /etc/mail/local-host-names
234cat &gt; /etc/mail/aliases &lt;&lt; "EOF"
235<literal>postmaster: root
236MAILER-DAEMON: root</literal>
237
238EOF
239newaliases -v</userinput></screen>
240
241 <para><application>sendmail</application>'s primary configuration file,
242 <filename>/etc/mail/sendmail.cf</filename>, is complex and not meant to be
243 directly edited. The recommended method for changing it is to modify
244 <filename>/etc/mail/sendmail.mc</filename> and various
245 <application>m4</application> files, then run the <command>m4</command>
246 macro processor from within
247 <filename class='directory'>/etc/mail</filename> as follows:</para>
248
249<screen role="root"><userinput>cd /etc/mail &amp;&amp;
250m4 m4/cf.m4 sendmail.mc > sendmail.cf</userinput></screen>
251
252 <para>A full explanation of the files to modify, and the available
253 parameters can be found in <filename>/etc/mail/README</filename>.</para>
254
255 </sect3>
256
257 <sect3 id="sendmail-init">
258 <title>Boot Script</title>
259
260 <para>To automate the running of <application>sendmail</application>
261 at startup, install the <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/sendmail</filename>
262 init script included in the
263 <xref linkend="bootscripts"/> package.</para>
264
265 <indexterm zone="sendmail sendmail-init">
266 <primary sortas="f-sendmail-init">sendmail</primary>
267 </indexterm>
268
269<screen role="root"><userinput>make install-sendmail</userinput></screen>
270
271 <note>
272 <para>The -qNm option to <command>sendmail</command>, where N is number
273 of minutes, controls how often <application>sendmail</application> will
274 process the mail queue. A default of 5 minutes is used in the init
275 script. Individual workstation users may want to set this as low as 1
276 minute, large installations handling more mail may want to set it
277 higher.</para>
278 </note>
279
280 </sect3>
281
282 </sect2>
283
284 <sect2 role="content">
285 <title>Contents</title>
286
287 <segmentedlist>
288 <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
289 <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
290 <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
291
292 <seglistitem>
293 <seg>editmap, mailstats, makemap, praliases, sendmail, smrsh,
294 and vacation; symlinks to /usr/sbin/sendmail: hoststat, mailq,
295 newaliases, and purgestat</seg>
296 <seg>None</seg>
297 <seg>/etc/mail, /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version;,
298 /var/spool/mqueue, and /var/spool/clientmqueue</seg>
299 </seglistitem>
300 </segmentedlist>
301
302 <variablelist>
303 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
304 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
305 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
306
307 <varlistentry id="editmap">
308 <term><command>editmap</command></term>
309 <listitem>
310 <para>queries and edits <application>sendmail</application> map
311 files.</para>
312 <indexterm zone="sendmail editmap">
313 <primary sortas="b-editmap">editmap</primary>
314 </indexterm>
315 </listitem>
316 </varlistentry>
317
318 <varlistentry id="hoststat">
319 <term><command>hoststat</command></term>
320 <listitem>
321 <para>prints <application>sendmail</application>'s persistent host
322 status.</para>
323 <indexterm zone="sendmail hoststat">
324 <primary sortas="b-hoststat">hoststat</primary>
325 </indexterm>
326 </listitem>
327 </varlistentry>
328
329 <varlistentry id="mailstats">
330 <term><command>mailstats</command></term>
331 <listitem>
332 <para>displays <application>sendmail</application> statistics.</para>
333 <indexterm zone="sendmail mailstats">
334 <primary sortas="b-mailstats">mailstats</primary>
335 </indexterm>
336 </listitem>
337 </varlistentry>
338
339 <varlistentry id="mailq-sendmail">
340 <term><command>mailq</command></term>
341 <listitem>
342 <para>prints a summary of outbound mail messages waiting for
343 delivery.</para>
344 <indexterm zone="sendmail mailq-sendmail">
345 <primary sortas="b-mailq">mailq</primary>
346 </indexterm>
347 </listitem>
348 </varlistentry>
349
350 <varlistentry id="makemap">
351 <term><command>makemap</command></term>
352 <listitem>
353 <para>creates <application>sendmail</application> map files.</para>
354 <indexterm zone="sendmail makemap">
355 <primary sortas="b-makemap">makemap</primary>
356 </indexterm>
357 </listitem>
358 </varlistentry>
359
360 <varlistentry id="newaliases-sendmail">
361 <term><command>newaliases</command></term>
362 <listitem>
363 <para>rebuilds <filename>/etc/mail/aliases.db</filename> from the
364 contents of <filename>/etc/mail/aliases</filename>.</para>
365 <indexterm zone="sendmail newaliases-sendmail">
366 <primary sortas="b-newaliases">newaliases</primary>
367 </indexterm>
368 </listitem>
369 </varlistentry>
370
371 <varlistentry id="praliases">
372 <term><command>praliases</command></term>
373 <listitem>
374 <para>displays current <application>sendmail</application>
375 aliases.</para>
376 <indexterm zone="sendmail praliases">
377 <primary sortas="b-praliases">praliases</primary>
378 </indexterm>
379 </listitem>
380 </varlistentry>
381
382 <varlistentry id="purgestat">
383 <term><command>purgestat</command></term>
384 <listitem>
385 <para> causes <application>sendmail</application> to clear (purge)
386 all its host-status information.</para>
387 <indexterm zone="sendmail purgestat">
388 <primary sortas="b-purgestat">purgestat</primary>
389 </indexterm>
390 </listitem>
391 </varlistentry>
392
393 <varlistentry id="sendmail-prog-sendmail">
394 <term><command>sendmail</command></term>
395 <listitem>
396 <para>is the <application>sendmail</application> mail transport
397 agent.</para>
398 <indexterm zone="sendmail sendmail-prog-sendmail">
399 <primary sortas="b-sendmail">sendmail</primary>
400 </indexterm>
401 </listitem>
402 </varlistentry>
403
404 <varlistentry id="smrsh">
405 <term><command>smrsh</command></term>
406 <listitem>
407 <para>is a restricted shell for
408 <application>sendmail</application>.</para>
409 <indexterm zone="sendmail smrsh">
410 <primary sortas="b-smrsh">smrsh</primary>
411 </indexterm>
412 </listitem>
413 </varlistentry>
414
415 <varlistentry id="vacation-sendmail">
416 <term><command>vacation</command></term>
417 <listitem>
418 <para>is an email auto responder.</para>
419 <indexterm zone="sendmail vacation-sendmail">
420 <primary sortas="b-vacation">vacation</primary>
421 </indexterm>
422 </listitem>
423 </varlistentry>
424
425 </variablelist>
426
427 </sect2>
428
429</sect1>
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