1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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5 | %general-entities;
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6 |
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7 | <!-- Downloads a web page
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8 | <!ENTITY sendmail-download-http "http://www.sendmail.org/ftp/sendmail.&sendmail-version;.tar.gz"> -->
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9 | <!ENTITY sendmail-download-http " ">
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10 | <!ENTITY sendmail-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.sendmail.org/pub/sendmail/sendmail.&sendmail-version;.tar.gz">
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11 | <!ENTITY sendmail-md5sum "a824fa7dea4d3341efb6462ccd816f00">
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12 | <!ENTITY sendmail-size "2.1 MB">
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13 | <!ENTITY sendmail-buildsize "14 MB">
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14 | <!ENTITY sendmail-time "0.2 SBU">
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15 | ]>
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16 |
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17 | <sect1 id="sendmail" xreflabel="sendmail-&sendmail-version;">
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18 | <?dbhtml filename="sendmail.html"?>
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19 |
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20 | <sect1info>
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21 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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22 | <date>$Date$</date>
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23 | </sect1info>
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24 |
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25 | <title>sendmail-&sendmail-version;</title>
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26 |
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27 | <indexterm zone="sendmail">
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28 | <primary sortas="a-sendmail">sendmail</primary>
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29 | </indexterm>
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30 |
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31 | <sect2 role="package">
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32 | <title>Introduction to sendmail</title>
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33 |
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34 | <para>The <application>sendmail</application> package contains a Mail
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35 | Transport Agent (MTA).</para>
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36 |
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37 | &lfs91_checked;
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38 |
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39 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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40 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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41 | <listitem>
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42 | <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&sendmail-download-http;"/></para>
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43 | </listitem>
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44 | <listitem>
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45 | <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&sendmail-download-ftp;"/></para>
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46 | </listitem>
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47 | <listitem>
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48 | <para>Download MD5 sum: &sendmail-md5sum;</para>
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49 | </listitem>
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50 | <listitem>
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51 | <para>Download size: &sendmail-size;</para>
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52 | </listitem>
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53 | <listitem>
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54 | <para>Estimated disk space required: &sendmail-buildsize;</para>
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55 | </listitem>
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56 | <listitem>
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57 | <para>Estimated build time: &sendmail-time;</para>
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58 | </listitem>
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59 | </itemizedlist>
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60 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
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61 |
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62 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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63 | <listitem>
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64 | <para>
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65 | Required patch:
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66 | <ulink url="&patch-root;/sendmail.&sendmail-version;-openssl-1.patch"/>
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67 | </para>
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68 | </listitem>
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69 | </itemizedlist>
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70 |
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71 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">sendmail Dependencies</bridgehead>
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72 |
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73 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
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74 | <para role="required">
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75 | <xref linkend="openldap"/> (client)
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76 | </para>
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77 |
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78 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Recommended</bridgehead>
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79 | <para role="recommended">
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80 | <xref linkend="cyrus-sasl"/>
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81 | </para>
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82 |
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83 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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84 | <para role="optional">
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85 | <xref linkend="gs"/> (for creating PDF documentation),
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86 | <xref linkend="procmail"/> (the configuration proposed below requires
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87 | that <command>procmail</command> be present at run-time), and
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88 | <ulink url="https://github.com/chaos/nph">nph</ulink>
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89 | </para>
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90 |
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91 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
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92 | <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/sendmail"/></para>
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93 |
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94 | </sect2>
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95 |
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96 | <sect2 role="installation">
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97 | <title>Installation of sendmail</title>
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98 |
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99 | <para>Before building <application>sendmail</application>, create the
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100 | required user, group and directory with the following commands issued as
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101 | the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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102 |
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103 | <screen role="root"><userinput>groupadd -g 26 smmsp &&
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104 | useradd -c "Sendmail Daemon" -g smmsp -d /dev/null \
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105 | -s /bin/false -u 26 smmsp &&
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106 | chmod -v 1777 /var/mail &&
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107 | install -v -m700 -d /var/spool/mqueue</userinput></screen>
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108 |
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109 | <note><para>See the source tree <filename>sendmail/README</filename> file
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110 | for information on linking optional packages into the build. Use the
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111 | example below, which adds support for SASL, StartTLS
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112 | (<application>OpenSSL</application>) and
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113 | <application>OpenLDAP</application>, as a starting point. Of course,
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114 | modify it to suit your particular needs.</para></note>
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115 |
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116 | <screen><userinput>cat >> devtools/Site/site.config.m4 << "EOF"
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117 | <literal>APPENDDEF(`confENVDEF',`-DSTARTTLS -DSASL -DLDAPMAP')
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118 | APPENDDEF(`confLIBS', `-lssl -lcrypto -lsasl2 -lldap -llber -ldb')
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119 | APPENDDEF(`confINCDIRS', `-I/usr/include/sasl')</literal>
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120 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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121 |
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122 | <para>Install <application>sendmail</application> with the following
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123 | commands:</para>
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124 |
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125 | <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../sendmail.&sendmail-version;-openssl-1.patch &&
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126 |
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127 | cat >> devtools/Site/site.config.m4 << "EOF"
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128 | <literal>define(`confMANGRP',`root')
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129 | define(`confMANOWN',`root')
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130 | define(`confSBINGRP',`root')
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131 | define(`confUBINGRP',`root')
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132 | define(`confUBINOWN',`root')</literal>
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133 | EOF
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134 |
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135 | sed -i 's|/usr/man/man|/usr/share/man/man|' \
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136 | devtools/OS/Linux &&
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137 |
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138 | cd sendmail &&
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139 | sh Build &&
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140 | cd ../cf/cf &&
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141 | cp generic-linux.mc sendmail.mc &&
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142 | sh Build sendmail.cf</userinput></screen>
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143 |
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144 | <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
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145 |
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146 | <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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147 |
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148 | <screen role="root"><userinput>install -v -d -m755 /etc/mail &&
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149 | sh Build install-cf &&
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150 |
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151 | cd ../.. &&
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152 | sh Build install &&
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153 |
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154 | install -v -m644 cf/cf/{submit,sendmail}.mc /etc/mail &&
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155 | cp -v -R cf/* /etc/mail &&
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156 |
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157 | install -v -m755 -d /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version;/{cf,sendmail} &&
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158 |
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159 | install -v -m644 CACerts FAQ KNOWNBUGS LICENSE PGPKEYS README RELEASE_NOTES \
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160 | /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version; &&
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161 |
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162 | install -v -m644 sendmail/{README,SECURITY,TRACEFLAGS,TUNING} \
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163 | /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version;/sendmail &&
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164 |
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165 | install -v -m644 cf/README /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version;/cf &&
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166 |
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167 | for manpage in sendmail editmap mailstats makemap praliases smrsh
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168 | do
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169 | install -v -m644 $manpage/$manpage.8 /usr/share/man/man8
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170 | done &&
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171 |
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172 | install -v -m644 sendmail/aliases.5 /usr/share/man/man5 &&
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173 | install -v -m644 sendmail/mailq.1 /usr/share/man/man1 &&
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174 | install -v -m644 sendmail/newaliases.1 /usr/share/man/man1 &&
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175 | install -v -m644 vacation/vacation.1 /usr/share/man/man1</userinput></screen>
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176 |
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177 | <para>Install the <application>sendmail</application> Installation and
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178 | Operations Guide with the following commands:</para>
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179 |
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180 | <note><para>Remove <filename>op.pdf</filename> from the
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181 | <command>make</command> and <command>install</command> commands below if
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182 | you don't have <application>Ghostscript</application>
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183 | installed.</para></note>
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184 |
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185 | <screen remap="doc"><userinput>cd doc/op &&
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186 | sed -i 's/groff/GROFF_NO_SGR=1 groff/' Makefile &&
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187 | make op.txt op.pdf</userinput></screen>
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188 |
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189 | <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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190 |
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191 | <screen role="root"
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192 | remap="doc"><userinput>install -v -d -m755 /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version; &&
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193 | install -v -m644 op.ps op.txt op.pdf /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version; &&
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194 | cd ../..</userinput></screen>
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195 |
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196 | </sect2>
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197 |
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198 | <sect2 role="commands">
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199 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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200 |
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201 | <para><command>cat > devtools/Site/site.config.m4 << "EOF"</command>:
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202 | This creates a configuration file changing some of the default settings.</para>
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203 |
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204 | <para><command>sed ... devtools/OS/Linux</command>: The site.config.m4
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205 | does not honor a change to the man directory, so fix it in the OS
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206 | definitions.</para>
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207 |
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208 | <para><command>sed ... include/sm/bdb.h</command>: This allows sendmail to
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209 | build properly with <xref linkend='db'/> versions 5 and above.</para>
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210 |
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211 | <para><command>sh Build; sh Build sendmail.cf; sh Build install-cf;
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212 | sh Build install</command>: <application>sendmail</application> uses an
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213 | <application>m4</application> based build script to create the various
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214 | <filename>Makefile</filename>s. These commands build and install the
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215 | package.</para>
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216 |
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217 | <para><command>for manpage in...;do...;done; install ...</command>: The man
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218 | pages are installed already formatted and <command>man</command> displays
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219 | them somewhat garbled. These commands replace the formatted pages with
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220 | pages <command>man</command> can display properly.</para>
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221 |
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222 | </sect2>
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223 |
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224 | <sect2 role="configuration">
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225 | <title>Configuring sendmail</title>
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226 |
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227 | <sect3 id="sendmail-config">
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228 | <title>Config Files</title>
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229 |
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230 | <para><filename>/etc/mail/*</filename></para>
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231 |
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232 | <indexterm zone="sendmail sendmail-config">
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233 | <primary sortas="e-etc-mail">/etc/mail/*</primary>
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234 | </indexterm>
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235 |
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236 | </sect3>
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237 |
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238 | <sect3>
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239 | <title>Configuration Information</title>
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240 |
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241 | <note><para>Ensure you have a fully qualified domain name defined
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242 | in <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> for your system before proceeding.
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243 | </para></note>
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244 |
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245 | <para>Create the <filename>/etc/mail/local-host-names</filename> and
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246 | <filename>/etc/mail/aliases</filename> files using the following
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247 | commands as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
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248 | user:</para>
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249 |
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250 | <screen role="root"><userinput>echo $(hostname) > /etc/mail/local-host-names
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251 | cat > /etc/mail/aliases << "EOF"
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252 | <literal>postmaster: root
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253 | MAILER-DAEMON: root</literal>
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254 |
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255 | EOF
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256 | newaliases</userinput></screen>
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257 |
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258 | <para><application>sendmail</application>'s primary configuration file,
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259 | <filename>/etc/mail/sendmail.cf</filename>, is complex and not meant to be
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260 | directly edited. The recommended method for changing it is to modify
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261 | <filename>/etc/mail/sendmail.mc</filename> and various
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262 | <application>m4</application> files, then run the <command>m4</command>
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263 | macro processor from within
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264 | <filename class='directory'>/etc/mail</filename> as follows:</para>
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265 |
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266 | <screen role="root"><userinput>cd /etc/mail &&
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267 | m4 m4/cf.m4 sendmail.mc > sendmail.cf</userinput></screen>
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268 |
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269 | <para>A full explanation of the files to modify, and the available
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270 | parameters can be found in <filename>/etc/mail/README</filename>.</para>
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271 |
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272 | </sect3>
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273 |
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274 | <sect3 id="sendmail-init">
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275 | <title><phrase revision="sysv">Boot Script</phrase>
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276 | <phrase revision="systemd">Systemd Unit</phrase></title>
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277 |
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278 | <para>To automate the running of <application>sendmail</application>
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279 | at startup, install the
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280 | <phrase revision="sysv"><filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/sendmail</filename>
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281 | init script</phrase>
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282 | <phrase revision="systemd"><filename>sendmail.service</filename>
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283 | unit</phrase> included in the
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284 | <xref linkend="bootscripts" revision="sysv"/>
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285 | <xref linkend="systemd-units" revision="systemd"/> package.</para>
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286 |
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287 | <indexterm zone="sendmail sendmail-init">
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288 | <primary sortas="f-sendmail-init">sendmail</primary>
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289 | </indexterm>
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290 |
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291 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install-sendmail</userinput></screen>
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292 |
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293 | <note>
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294 | <para>The -qNm option to <command>sendmail</command>, where N is number
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295 | of minutes, controls how often <application>sendmail</application> will
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296 | process the mail queue. A default of 5 minutes is used in the
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297 | <phrase revision="sysv">init script.</phrase>
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298 | <phrase revision="systemd">systemd unit.</phrase> Individual
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299 | workstation users may want to set this as low as 1 minute, large
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300 | installations handling more mail may want to set it higher.</para>
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301 | </note>
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302 |
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303 | </sect3>
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304 |
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305 | </sect2>
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306 |
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307 | <sect2 role="content">
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308 | <title>Contents</title>
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309 |
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310 | <segmentedlist>
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311 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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312 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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313 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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314 |
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315 | <seglistitem>
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316 | <seg>editmap, mailstats, makemap, praliases, sendmail, smrsh,
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317 | and vacation; symlinks to /usr/sbin/sendmail: hoststat, mailq,
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318 | newaliases, and purgestat</seg>
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319 | <seg>None</seg>
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320 | <seg>/etc/mail, /usr/share/doc/sendmail-&sendmail-version;,
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321 | /var/spool/mqueue, and /var/spool/clientmqueue</seg>
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322 | </seglistitem>
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323 | </segmentedlist>
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324 |
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325 | <variablelist>
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326 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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327 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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328 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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329 |
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330 | <varlistentry id="editmap">
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331 | <term><command>editmap</command></term>
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332 | <listitem>
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333 | <para>queries and edits <application>sendmail</application> map
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334 | files.</para>
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335 | <indexterm zone="sendmail editmap">
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336 | <primary sortas="b-editmap">editmap</primary>
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337 | </indexterm>
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338 | </listitem>
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339 | </varlistentry>
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340 |
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341 | <varlistentry id="hoststat">
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342 | <term><command>hoststat</command></term>
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343 | <listitem>
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344 | <para>prints <application>sendmail</application>'s persistent host
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345 | status.</para>
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346 | <indexterm zone="sendmail hoststat">
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347 | <primary sortas="b-hoststat">hoststat</primary>
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348 | </indexterm>
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349 | </listitem>
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350 | </varlistentry>
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351 |
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352 | <varlistentry id="mailstats">
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353 | <term><command>mailstats</command></term>
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354 | <listitem>
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355 | <para>displays <application>sendmail</application> statistics.</para>
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356 | <indexterm zone="sendmail mailstats">
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357 | <primary sortas="b-mailstats">mailstats</primary>
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358 | </indexterm>
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359 | </listitem>
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360 | </varlistentry>
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361 |
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362 | <varlistentry id="mailq-sendmail">
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363 | <term><command>mailq</command></term>
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364 | <listitem>
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365 | <para>prints a summary of outbound mail messages waiting for
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366 | delivery.</para>
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367 | <indexterm zone="sendmail mailq-sendmail">
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368 | <primary sortas="b-mailq">mailq</primary>
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369 | </indexterm>
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370 | </listitem>
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371 | </varlistentry>
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372 |
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373 | <varlistentry id="makemap">
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374 | <term><command>makemap</command></term>
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375 | <listitem>
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376 | <para>creates <application>sendmail</application> map files.</para>
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377 | <indexterm zone="sendmail makemap">
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378 | <primary sortas="b-makemap">makemap</primary>
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379 | </indexterm>
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380 | </listitem>
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381 | </varlistentry>
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382 |
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383 | <varlistentry id="newaliases-sendmail">
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384 | <term><command>newaliases</command></term>
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385 | <listitem>
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386 | <para>rebuilds <filename>/etc/mail/aliases.db</filename> from the
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387 | contents of <filename>/etc/mail/aliases</filename>.</para>
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388 | <indexterm zone="sendmail newaliases-sendmail">
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389 | <primary sortas="b-newaliases">newaliases</primary>
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390 | </indexterm>
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391 | </listitem>
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392 | </varlistentry>
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393 |
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394 | <varlistentry id="praliases">
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395 | <term><command>praliases</command></term>
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396 | <listitem>
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397 | <para>displays current <application>sendmail</application>
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398 | aliases.</para>
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399 | <indexterm zone="sendmail praliases">
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400 | <primary sortas="b-praliases">praliases</primary>
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401 | </indexterm>
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402 | </listitem>
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403 | </varlistentry>
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404 |
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405 | <varlistentry id="purgestat">
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406 | <term><command>purgestat</command></term>
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407 | <listitem>
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408 | <para> causes <application>sendmail</application> to clear (purge)
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409 | all its host-status information.</para>
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410 | <indexterm zone="sendmail purgestat">
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411 | <primary sortas="b-purgestat">purgestat</primary>
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412 | </indexterm>
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413 | </listitem>
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414 | </varlistentry>
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415 |
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416 | <varlistentry id="sendmail-prog-sendmail">
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417 | <term><command>sendmail</command></term>
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418 | <listitem>
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419 | <para>is the <application>sendmail</application> mail transport
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420 | agent.</para>
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421 | <indexterm zone="sendmail sendmail-prog-sendmail">
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422 | <primary sortas="b-sendmail">sendmail</primary>
|
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423 | </indexterm>
|
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424 | </listitem>
|
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425 | </varlistentry>
|
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426 |
|
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427 | <varlistentry id="smrsh">
|
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428 | <term><command>smrsh</command></term>
|
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429 | <listitem>
|
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430 | <para>is a restricted shell for
|
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431 | <application>sendmail</application>.</para>
|
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432 | <indexterm zone="sendmail smrsh">
|
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433 | <primary sortas="b-smrsh">smrsh</primary>
|
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434 | </indexterm>
|
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435 | </listitem>
|
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436 | </varlistentry>
|
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437 |
|
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438 | <varlistentry id="vacation-sendmail">
|
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439 | <term><command>vacation</command></term>
|
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440 | <listitem>
|
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441 | <para>is an email auto responder.</para>
|
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442 | <indexterm zone="sendmail vacation-sendmail">
|
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443 | <primary sortas="b-vacation">vacation</primary>
|
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444 | </indexterm>
|
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445 | </listitem>
|
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446 | </varlistentry>
|
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447 |
|
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448 | </variablelist>
|
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449 |
|
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450 | </sect2>
|
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451 |
|
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452 | </sect1>
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