1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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5 | %general-entities;
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6 |
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7 | <!ENTITY apache-download-http
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8 | "https://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-&apache-version;.tar.bz2">
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9 | <!ENTITY apache-download-ftp " ">
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10 | <!ENTITY apache-md5sum "cded7afa23c13c4854008d95a69ce016">
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11 | <!ENTITY apache-size "7.2 MB">
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12 | <!ENTITY apache-buildsize "85 MB">
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13 | <!ENTITY apache-time "0.4 SBU (Using parallelism=4)">
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14 | ]>
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15 |
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16 | <sect1 id="apache" xreflabel="Apache-&apache-version;">
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17 | <?dbhtml filename="apache.html"?>
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18 |
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19 |
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20 | <title>Apache-&apache-version;</title>
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21 |
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22 | <indexterm zone="apache">
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23 | <primary sortas="a-Apache">Apache</primary>
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24 | </indexterm>
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25 |
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26 | <sect2 role="package">
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27 | <title>Introduction to Apache HTTPD</title>
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28 |
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29 | <para>
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30 | The <application>Apache HTTPD</application> package contains an open-source HTTP
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31 | server. It is useful for creating local intranet web sites or running huge
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32 | web serving operations.
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33 | </para>
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34 |
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35 | &lfs122_checked;
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36 |
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37 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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38 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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39 | <listitem>
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40 | <para>
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41 | Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&apache-download-http;"/>
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42 | </para>
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43 | </listitem>
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44 | <listitem>
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45 | <para>
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46 | Download (FTP): <ulink url="&apache-download-ftp;"/>
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47 | </para>
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48 | </listitem>
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49 | <listitem>
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50 | <para>
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51 | Download MD5 sum: &apache-md5sum;
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52 | </para>
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53 | </listitem>
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54 | <listitem>
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55 | <para>
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56 | Download size: &apache-size;
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57 | </para>
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58 | </listitem>
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59 | <listitem>
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60 | <para>
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61 | Estimated disk space required: &apache-buildsize;
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62 | </para>
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63 | </listitem>
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64 | <listitem>
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65 | <para>
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66 | Estimated build time: &apache-time;
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67 | </para>
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68 | </listitem>
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69 | </itemizedlist>
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70 |
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71 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
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72 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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73 | <listitem>
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74 | <para>
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75 | Required patch:
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76 | <ulink url="&patch-root;/httpd-&apache-version;-blfs_layout-1.patch"/>
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77 | </para>
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78 | </listitem>
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79 | </itemizedlist>
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80 |
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81 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Apache HTTPD Dependencies</bridgehead>
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82 |
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83 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
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84 | <para role="required">
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85 | <xref linkend="apr-util"/> and
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86 | <xref linkend="pcre2"/>
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87 | </para>
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88 |
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89 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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90 | <para role="optional">
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91 | <xref linkend="brotli"/>,
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92 | <xref linkend="doxygen"/>,
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93 | <xref linkend="jansson"/>,
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94 | <xref linkend="libxml2"/>,
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95 | <xref linkend="lua"/>,
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96 | <xref linkend="lynx"/> or
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97 | <xref linkend="Links"/> or
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98 | <ulink url="&elinks-url;">ELinks</ulink>,
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99 | <xref linkend="nghttp2"/>,
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100 | <xref linkend="openldap"/> (<xref linkend="apr-util"/> needs to be
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101 | installed with ldap support),
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102 | <xref linkend="rsync"/>,
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103 | &berkeley-db;, and
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104 | <ulink url="https://sourceforge.net/projects/distcache">Distcache</ulink>
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105 | </para>
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106 |
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107 | </sect2>
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108 |
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109 | <sect2 role="installation">
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110 | <title>Installation of Apache HTTPD</title>
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111 |
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112 | <para>
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113 | For security reasons, running the server as an unprivileged user and group
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114 | is strongly encouraged. Create the following group and user using the
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115 | following commands as <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>:
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116 | </para>
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117 |
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118 | <screen role="root"><userinput>groupadd -g 25 apache &&
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119 | useradd -c "Apache Server" -d /srv/www -g apache \
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120 | -s /bin/false -u 25 apache</userinput></screen>
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121 |
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122 | <para>
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123 | Build and install <application>Apache HTTPD</application> by running the
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124 | following commands:
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125 | </para>
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126 |
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127 | <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../httpd-&apache-version;-blfs_layout-1.patch &&
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128 |
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129 | sed '/dir.*CFG_PREFIX/s@^@#@' -i support/apxs.in &&
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130 |
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131 | sed -e '/HTTPD_ROOT/s:${ap_prefix}:/etc/httpd:' \
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132 | -e '/SERVER_CONFIG_FILE/s:${rel_sysconfdir}/::' \
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133 | -e '/AP_TYPES_CONFIG_FILE/s:${rel_sysconfdir}/::' \
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134 | -i configure &&
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135 |
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136 | sed -e '/encoding.h/a # include <libxml/xmlstring.h>' \
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137 | -i modules/filters/mod_xml2enc.c &&
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138 |
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139 | ./configure --enable-authnz-fcgi \
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140 | --enable-layout=BLFS \
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141 | --enable-mods-shared="all cgi" \
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142 | --enable-mpms-shared=all \
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143 | --enable-suexec=shared \
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144 | --with-apr=/usr/bin/apr-1-config \
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145 | --with-apr-util=/usr/bin/apu-1-config \
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146 | --with-suexec-bin=/usr/lib/httpd/suexec \
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147 | --with-suexec-caller=apache \
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148 | --with-suexec-docroot=/srv/www \
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149 | --with-suexec-logfile=/var/log/httpd/suexec.log \
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150 | --with-suexec-uidmin=100 \
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151 | --with-suexec-userdir=public_html &&
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152 | make</userinput></screen>
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153 |
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154 | <para>
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155 | This package does not come with a test suite.
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156 | </para>
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157 |
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158 | <para>
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159 | Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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160 | </para>
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161 | <!-- changing the patch allows doing DESTDIR install as a normal user
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162 | <note>
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163 | <para>
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164 | This package does not install properly using <envar>DESTDIR</envar>
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165 | techniques as an unprivileged user.
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166 | </para>
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167 | </note>
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168 | -->
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169 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install &&
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170 |
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171 | mv -v /usr/sbin/suexec /usr/lib/httpd/suexec &&
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172 | chgrp apache /usr/lib/httpd/suexec &&
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173 | chmod 4754 /usr/lib/httpd/suexec &&
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174 |
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175 | chown -v -R apache:apache /srv/www</userinput></screen>
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176 |
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177 | </sect2>
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178 |
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179 | <sect2 role="commands">
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180 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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181 |
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182 | <para>
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183 | <command>sed '/dir.*CFG_PREFIX/s@^@#@'...</command>: Forces the
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184 | <application>apxs</application> utility to use absolute pathnames for
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185 | modules, when instructed to do so.
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186 | </para>
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187 |
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188 | <para>
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189 | <command>sed -e '/HTTPD_ROOT/s ...</command>: Fixes some paths.
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190 | </para>
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191 |
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192 | <para>
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193 | <command>sed -e '/encoding.h/a ...</command>; Fix building against
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194 | libxml-2.12.x.
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195 | </para>
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196 |
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197 | <para>
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198 | <parameter>--enable-authnz-fcgi</parameter>: Build FastCGI
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199 | authorizer-based authentication and authorization (mod_authnz_fcgi.so
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200 | fast CGI module).
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201 | </para>
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202 |
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203 | <para>
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204 | <parameter>--enable-mods-shared="all cgi"</parameter>: The modules should be
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205 | compiled and used as Dynamic Shared Objects (DSOs) so they can be included
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206 | and excluded from the server using the run-time configuration directives.
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207 | </para>
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208 |
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209 | <para>
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210 | <parameter>--enable-mpms-shared=all</parameter>: This switch ensures that
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211 | all MPM (Multi Processing Modules) are built as Dynamic Shared Objects
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212 | (DSOs), so the user can choose which one to use at runtime.
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213 | </para>
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214 |
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215 | <para>
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216 | <parameter>--enable-suexec</parameter>: This switch enables building of the
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217 | <application>Apache</application> suEXEC module which can be used to allow
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218 | users to run CGI and SSI scripts under user IDs different from the user ID
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219 | of the calling web server.
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220 | </para>
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221 |
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222 | <para>
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223 | <parameter>--with-suexec-*</parameter>: These switches control suEXEC module
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224 | behavior, such as default document root, minimal UID that can be used to
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225 | run the script under the suEXEC. Please note that with minimal UID 100, you
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226 | can't run CGI or SSI scripts under suEXEC as the
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227 | <systemitem class="username">apache</systemitem> user.
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228 | </para>
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229 |
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230 | <para>
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231 | <command>... /usr/lib/httpd/suexec</command>: These commands put
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232 | <command>suexec</command> wrapper into proper location, since it
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233 | is not meant to be run directly. They also adjust proper
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234 | permissions of the binary, making it setgid
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235 | <systemitem class="username">apache</systemitem>.
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236 | </para>
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237 |
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238 | <para>
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239 | <command>chown -R apache:apache /srv/www</command>: By default, the
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240 | installation process installs files (documentation, error messages,
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241 | default icons, etc.) with the ownership of the user that extracted the
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242 | files from the tar file. If you want to change the ownership to another
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243 | user, you should do so at this point. The only requirement is that the
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244 | document directories need to be accessible by the <command>httpd</command>
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245 | process with (r-x) permissions and files need to be readable (r--) by the
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246 | <systemitem class="username">apache</systemitem> user.
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247 | </para>
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248 |
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249 | </sect2>
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250 |
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251 | <sect2 role="configuration">
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252 | <title>Configuring Apache</title>
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253 |
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254 | <sect3 id="apache-config">
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255 | <title>Config Files</title>
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256 |
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257 | <para>
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258 | <filename>/etc/httpd/httpd.conf</filename> and
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259 | <filename>/etc/httpd/extra/*</filename>
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260 | </para>
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261 |
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262 | <indexterm zone="apache apache-config">
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263 | <primary sortas="e-etc-httpd-httpd.conf">/etc/httpd/httpd.conf</primary>
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264 | </indexterm>
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265 |
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266 | <indexterm zone="apache apache-config">
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267 | <primary sortas="e-etc-httpd-extra-star">/etc/httpd/extra/*</primary>
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268 | </indexterm>
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269 |
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270 | </sect3>
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271 |
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272 | <sect3>
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273 | <title>Configuration Information</title>
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274 |
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275 | <para>
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276 | See <ulink url="file:///usr/share/httpd/manual/configuring.html"/>
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277 | for detailed instructions on customising your
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278 | <application>Apache</application> HTTP server configuration file.
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279 | </para>
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280 |
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281 | <para>
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282 | There is no reason, at least for internet facing sites, not
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283 | to use SSL encryption. Setting up a secured website does not cost
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284 | anything except installing one additional small tool and a few
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285 | minutes of configuration work. Use this guideline at
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286 | <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/Securing_a_website"/> to create
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287 | world-wide accepted certificates and renew them on a regular basis.
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288 | </para>
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289 |
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290 | </sect3>
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291 |
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292 | <sect3 id="httpd-init">
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293 | <title><phrase revision="sysv">Boot Script</phrase>
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294 | <phrase revision="systemd">Systemd Unit</phrase></title>
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295 |
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296 | <para>
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297 | If you want the <application>Apache</application> server to
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298 | start automatically when the system is booted, install the
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299 | <phrase revision="sysv"><filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd</filename>
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300 | init script</phrase>
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301 | <phrase revision="systemd"><filename>httpd.service</filename>
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302 | unit</phrase> included in the
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303 | <xref linkend="bootscripts" revision="sysv"/>
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304 | <xref linkend="systemd-units" revision="systemd"/> package:
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305 | </para>
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306 |
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307 | <indexterm zone="apache httpd-init">
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308 | <primary sortas="f-apache">apache</primary>
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309 | </indexterm>
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310 |
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311 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install-httpd</userinput></screen>
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312 |
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313 | </sect3>
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314 |
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315 | </sect2>
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316 |
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317 | <sect2 role="content">
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318 | <title>Contents</title>
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319 |
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320 | <segmentedlist>
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321 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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322 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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323 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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324 |
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325 | <seglistitem>
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326 | <seg>
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327 | ab, apachectl, apxs, checkgid, dbmmanage, fcgistarter,
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328 | htcacheclean, htdbm, htdigest, htpasswd, httpd,
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329 | httxt2dbm, logresolve, and rotatelogs
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330 | <!-- not executable from path, and suexec -->
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331 | </seg>
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332 | <seg>
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333 | Several libraries under /usr/lib/httpd/modules/
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334 | </seg>
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335 | <seg>
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336 | /etc/httpd,
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337 | /srv/www,
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338 | /usr/include/httpd,
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339 | /usr/lib/httpd,
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340 | /usr/share/httpd,
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341 | /var/log/httpd, and
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342 | /var/run/httpd
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343 | </seg>
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344 | </seglistitem>
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345 | </segmentedlist>
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346 |
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347 | <variablelist>
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348 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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349 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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350 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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351 |
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352 | <varlistentry id="ab">
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353 | <term><command>ab</command></term>
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354 | <listitem>
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355 | <para>
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356 | is a tool for benchmarking your <application>Apache</application>
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357 | HTTP server
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358 | </para>
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359 | <indexterm zone="apache ab">
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360 | <primary sortas="b-ab">ab</primary>
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361 | </indexterm>
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362 | </listitem>
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363 | </varlistentry>
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364 |
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365 | <varlistentry id="apachectl">
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366 | <term><command>apachectl</command></term>
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367 | <listitem>
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368 | <para>
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369 | is a front end to the <application>Apache</application> HTTP server
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370 | which is designed to help the administrator control the functioning
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371 | of the <application>Apache</application> httpd daemon
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372 | </para>
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373 | <indexterm zone="apache apachectl">
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374 | <primary sortas="b-apachectl">apachectl</primary>
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375 | </indexterm>
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376 | </listitem>
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377 | </varlistentry>
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378 |
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379 | <varlistentry id="apxs">
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380 | <term><command>apxs</command></term>
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381 | <listitem>
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382 | <para>
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383 | is a tool for building and installing extension modules for the
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384 | <application>Apache</application> HTTP server
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385 | </para>
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386 | <indexterm zone="apache apxs">
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387 | <primary sortas="b-apxs">apxs</primary>
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388 | </indexterm>
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389 | </listitem>
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390 | </varlistentry>
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391 |
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392 | <varlistentry id="checkgid">
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393 | <term><command>checkgid</command></term>
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394 | <listitem>
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395 | <para>
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396 | is a program that checks whether it can setgid to the group
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397 | specified. This is to see if it is a valid group for Apache2 to use
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398 | at runtime. If the user (should be run as superuser) is in that
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399 | group, or can setgid to it, it will return 0
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400 | </para>
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401 | <indexterm zone="apache checkgid">
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402 | <primary sortas="b-checkgid">checkgid</primary>
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403 | </indexterm>
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404 | </listitem>
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405 | </varlistentry>
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406 |
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407 | <varlistentry id="dbmmanage">
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408 | <term><command>dbmmanage</command></term>
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409 | <listitem>
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410 | <para>
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411 | is used to create and update the DBM format files used to store
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412 | usernames and passwords for basic authentication of HTTP users
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413 | </para>
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414 | <indexterm zone="apache dbmmanage">
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415 | <primary sortas="b-dbmmanage">dbmmanage</primary>
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416 | </indexterm>
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417 | </listitem>
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418 | </varlistentry>
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419 |
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420 | <varlistentry id="fcgistarter">
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421 | <term><command>fcgistarter</command></term>
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422 | <listitem>
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423 | <para>
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424 | is a tool to start a FastCGI program
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425 | </para>
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426 | <indexterm zone="apache fcgistarter">
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427 | <primary sortas="b-fcgistarter">fcgistarter</primary>
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428 | </indexterm>
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429 | </listitem>
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430 | </varlistentry>
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431 |
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432 | <varlistentry id="htcacheclean">
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433 | <term><command>htcacheclean</command></term>
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434 | <listitem>
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435 | <para>
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436 | is used to clean up the disk cache
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437 | </para>
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438 | <indexterm zone="apache htcacheclean">
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439 | <primary sortas="b-htcacheclean">htcacheclean</primary>
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440 | </indexterm>
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441 | </listitem>
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442 | </varlistentry>
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443 |
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444 | <varlistentry id="htdbm">
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445 | <term><command>htdbm</command></term>
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446 | <listitem>
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447 | <para>
|
---|
448 | is used to manipulate the DBM password databases
|
---|
449 | </para>
|
---|
450 | <indexterm zone="apache htdbm">
|
---|
451 | <primary sortas="b-htdbm">htdbm</primary>
|
---|
452 | </indexterm>
|
---|
453 | </listitem>
|
---|
454 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
455 |
|
---|
456 | <varlistentry id="htdigest">
|
---|
457 | <term><command>htdigest</command></term>
|
---|
458 | <listitem>
|
---|
459 | <para>
|
---|
460 | is used to create and update the flat-files used to store usernames,
|
---|
461 | realms and passwords for digest authentication of HTTP users
|
---|
462 | </para>
|
---|
463 | <indexterm zone="apache htdigest">
|
---|
464 | <primary sortas="b-htdigest">htdigest</primary>
|
---|
465 | </indexterm>
|
---|
466 | </listitem>
|
---|
467 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
468 |
|
---|
469 | <varlistentry id="htpasswd">
|
---|
470 | <term><command>htpasswd</command></term>
|
---|
471 | <listitem>
|
---|
472 | <para>
|
---|
473 | is used to create and update the flat-files used to store usernames
|
---|
474 | and passwords for basic authentication of HTTP users
|
---|
475 | </para>
|
---|
476 | <indexterm zone="apache htpasswd">
|
---|
477 | <primary sortas="b-htpasswd">htpasswd</primary>
|
---|
478 | </indexterm>
|
---|
479 | </listitem>
|
---|
480 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
481 |
|
---|
482 | <varlistentry id="httpd">
|
---|
483 | <term><command>httpd</command></term>
|
---|
484 | <listitem>
|
---|
485 | <para>
|
---|
486 | is the <application>Apache</application> HTTP server program
|
---|
487 | </para>
|
---|
488 | <indexterm zone="apache httpd">
|
---|
489 | <primary sortas="b-httpd">httpd</primary>
|
---|
490 | </indexterm>
|
---|
491 | </listitem>
|
---|
492 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
493 |
|
---|
494 | <varlistentry id="httxt2dbm">
|
---|
495 | <term><command>httxt2dbm</command></term>
|
---|
496 | <listitem>
|
---|
497 | <para>
|
---|
498 | is used to generate DBM files from text, for use in RewriteMap
|
---|
499 | </para>
|
---|
500 | <indexterm zone="apache httxt2dbm">
|
---|
501 | <primary sortas="b-httxt2dbm">httxt2dbm</primary>
|
---|
502 | </indexterm>
|
---|
503 | </listitem>
|
---|
504 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
505 |
|
---|
506 | <varlistentry id="logresolve">
|
---|
507 | <term><command>logresolve</command></term>
|
---|
508 | <listitem>
|
---|
509 | <para>
|
---|
510 | is a post-processing program to resolve IP-addresses in
|
---|
511 | <application>Apache</application>'s access log files
|
---|
512 | </para>
|
---|
513 | <indexterm zone="apache logresolve">
|
---|
514 | <primary sortas="b-logresolve">logresolve</primary>
|
---|
515 | </indexterm>
|
---|
516 | </listitem>
|
---|
517 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
518 |
|
---|
519 | <varlistentry id="rotatelogs">
|
---|
520 | <term><command>rotatelogs</command></term>
|
---|
521 | <listitem>
|
---|
522 | <para>
|
---|
523 | is a simple program for use in conjunction with
|
---|
524 | <application>Apache</application>'s piped log file feature
|
---|
525 | </para>
|
---|
526 | <indexterm zone="apache rotatelogs">
|
---|
527 | <primary sortas="b-rotatelogs">rotatelogs</primary>
|
---|
528 | </indexterm>
|
---|
529 | </listitem>
|
---|
530 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
531 |
|
---|
532 | <varlistentry id="suexec">
|
---|
533 | <term><command>suexec</command></term>
|
---|
534 | <listitem>
|
---|
535 | <para>
|
---|
536 | allows users to run CGI and SSI applications as a different user
|
---|
537 | </para>
|
---|
538 | <indexterm zone="apache suexec">
|
---|
539 | <primary sortas="b-suexec">suexec</primary>
|
---|
540 | </indexterm>
|
---|
541 | </listitem>
|
---|
542 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
543 |
|
---|
544 | </variablelist>
|
---|
545 |
|
---|
546 | </sect2>
|
---|
547 |
|
---|
548 | </sect1>
|
---|