source: server/major/apache.xml@ 8961d128

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Last change on this file since 8961d128 was 8961d128, checked in by Randy McMurchy <randy@…>, 14 years ago

Updated to Apache HTTPD-2.2.17

git-svn-id: svn://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/BLFS/trunk/BOOK@8695 af4574ff-66df-0310-9fd7-8a98e5e911e0
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6
7 <!-- <!ENTITY apache-download-http "http://www.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-&apache-version;.tar.bz2"> -->
8 <!ENTITY apache-download-http "http://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-&apache-version;.tar.bz2">
9 <!ENTITY apache-download-ftp "ftp://apache.mirrors.pair.com/httpd/httpd-&apache-version;.tar.bz2">
10 <!ENTITY apache-md5sum "16eadc59ea6b38af33874d300973202e">
11 <!ENTITY apache-size "4.9 MB">
12 <!ENTITY apache-buildsize "102 MB (building all available DSO modules)">
13 <!ENTITY apache-time "2.1 SBU (building all available DSO modules)">
14]>
15
16<sect1 id="apache" xreflabel="Apache-&apache-version;">
17 <?dbhtml filename="apache.html"?>
18
19 <sect1info>
20 <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
21 <date>$Date$</date>
22 </sect1info>
23
24 <title>Apache-&apache-version;</title>
25
26 <indexterm zone="apache">
27 <primary sortas="a-Apache">Apache</primary>
28 </indexterm>
29
30 <sect2 role="package">
31 <title>Introduction to Apache</title>
32
33 <para>The <application>Apache</application> package contains an
34 open-source HTTP server. It is useful for creating local intranet
35 web sites or running huge web serving operations.</para>
36
37 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
38 <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
39 <listitem>
40 <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&apache-download-http;"/></para>
41 </listitem>
42 <listitem>
43 <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&apache-download-ftp;"/></para>
44 </listitem>
45 <listitem>
46 <para>Download MD5 sum: &apache-md5sum;</para>
47 </listitem>
48 <listitem>
49 <para>Download size: &apache-size;</para>
50 </listitem>
51 <listitem>
52 <para>Estimated disk space required: &apache-buildsize;</para>
53 </listitem>
54 <listitem>
55 <para>Estimated build time: &apache-time;</para>
56 </listitem>
57 </itemizedlist>
58
59 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
60 <itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
61 <listitem>
62 <para>Required patch: <ulink
63 url="&patch-root;/httpd-&apache-version;-config-1.patch"/></para>
64 </listitem>
65 <listitem>
66 <para>Required patch: <ulink
67 url="&patch-root;/httpd-&apache-version;-bdb51-1.patch"/></para>
68 </listitem>
69 </itemizedlist>
70
71 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Apache Dependencies</bridgehead>
72
73 <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
74 <para role="optional"><xref linkend="openldap"/>,
75 <xref linkend="openssl"/> (also used in the bundled APR-util),
76 <xref linkend="pcre"/>,
77 <xref linkend="rsync"/>,
78 <xref linkend="lynx"/>,
79 <ulink url="http://apr.apache.org/">APR</ulink>,
80 <ulink url="http://apr.apache.org/">APR-util</ulink>, and
81 <ulink url="http://www.distcache.org/">distcache</ulink></para>
82
83 <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional (Only if Using the Bundled
84 APR-util)</bridgehead>
85 <para role="optional"><!-- <xref linkend="pkgconfig"/>, -->
86 <xref linkend="expat"/>,
87 <!-- <xref linkend="gdbm"/>, -->
88 <xref linkend="db"/>,
89 <xref linkend="unixodbc"/>,
90 <xref linkend="mysql"/>,
91 <xref linkend="postgresql"/>,
92 <xref linkend="sqlite"/>,
93 <ulink url="http://www.oracle.com/us/products/database/index.html">Oracle 11g</ulink>, and
94 <ulink url="http://www.freetds.org/">FreeTDS</ulink></para>
95
96 <para>Though you can install APR and APR-util as separate components,
97 it is recommended to use the bundled versions that come with the Apache
98 HTTPD tarball.</para>
99
100 <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
101 <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/apache"/></para>
102
103 </sect2>
104
105 <sect2 role="installation">
106 <title>Installation of Apache</title>
107
108 <para>For security reasons, running the server as an unprivileged user and
109 group is strongly encouraged. Create the following group and user using the
110 following commands
111 (as <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>):</para>
112
113<screen role="root"><userinput>groupadd -g 25 apache &amp;&amp;
114useradd -c "Apache Server" -d /dev/null -g apache \
115 -s /bin/false -u 25 apache</userinput></screen>
116
117 <note><para>The above command directs the <application>Apache</application>
118 user's home directory to <filename>/dev/null</filename>. This may not work
119 for some add-ons such as <ulink
120 url='http://www.viewvc.org/'><application>ViewVC</application></ulink>, a
121 browser interface for CVS and Subversion version control repositories.
122 See the User Notes for details for specific applications.</para></note>
123
124 <para>The following patch modifies the layout of destination
125 directories and among them, the build directory at
126 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib/apache/build</filename>. This
127 will allow the modules added to <application>Apache</application>
128 to be configured without errors. Apply the patch:</para>
129
130<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../httpd-&apache-version;-config-1.patch</userinput></screen>
131
132 <note>
133 <para>You may wish to review the output from
134 <command>./configure --help</command> and include whatever parameters
135 are necessary to the <command>configure</command> command below to build
136 the modules required for your installation. There are as many as 65
137 additional parameters you can add to the <command>configure</command>
138 command to build additional modules. Some of the extra parameters which
139 aren't described or mentioned in the <parameter>--help</parameter>
140 information are listed in the <quote>Command Explanations</quote> section
141 below.</para>
142
143 <para>If you are using the bundled version of
144 <application>APR-util</application> and you are going to install
145 <application>Subversion</application> with
146 <application>Berkeley DB</application> back-end support, ensure you use
147 the parameters shown in the <quote>Command Explanations</quote> section
148 below.</para>
149
150 <para>While it is not built by default when using the following commands,
151 the ISAPI DSO module can be created by adding the
152 <option>--enable-isapi</option> option. Even though the module will
153 compile, install and load fine, the module is
154 <emphasis>only</emphasis> supported and functional in Win32
155 environments.</para>
156 </note>
157
158 <note>
159 <para>You may see warnings and other information similar to the output
160 shown below while running the <command>autoconf</command> program in the
161 following instructions:</para>
162<screen><computeroutput>configure.in:152: warning: AC_LANG_CONFTEST: no AC_LANG_SOURCE call detected in body
163../../lib/autoconf/lang.m4:194: AC_LANG_CONFTEST is expanded from...
164../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:2591: _AC_COMPILE_IFELSE is expanded from...
165../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:2607: AC_COMPILE_IFELSE is expanded from...
166build/apr_common.m4:491: APR_TRY_COMPILE_NO_WARNING is expanded from...
167build/apu-conf.m4:215: APU_FIND_LDAP is expanded from...
168configure.in:152: the top level
169configure.in:162: warning: AC_LANG_CONFTEST: no AC_LANG_SOURCE call detected in body
170../../lib/autoconf/lang.m4:194: AC_LANG_CONFTEST is expanded from...
171../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:2591: _AC_COMPILE_IFELSE is expanded from...
172../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:2607: AC_COMPILE_IFELSE is expanded from...
173build/apr_common.m4:491: APR_TRY_COMPILE_NO_WARNING is expanded from...
174build/apu-iconv.m4:115: APU_CHECK_ICONV_INBUF is expanded from...
175build/apu-iconv.m4:34: APU_FIND_ICONV is expanded from...
176configure.in:162: the top level</computeroutput></screen>
177 </note>
178
179 <para>Build and install <application>Apache</application> by running the
180 following commands:</para>
181
182<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../httpd-&apache-version;-bdb51-1.patch &amp;&amp;
183pushd srclib/apr-util &amp;&amp;
184autoconf &amp;&amp;
185popd &amp;&amp;
186
187./configure --enable-layout=FHS \
188 --enable-mods-shared=all \
189 --enable-so &amp;&amp;
190make</userinput></screen>
191
192 <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
193
194 <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
195
196<screen role="root"><userinput>make install &amp;&amp;
197chown -v root:root /usr/lib/apache/httpd.exp \
198 /usr/sbin/{apxs,apachectl,dbmmanage,envvars{,-std}} \
199 /usr/share/man/man1/{dbmmanage,ht{dbm,digest,passwd}}.1 \
200 /usr/share/man/man8/{ab,apachectl,apxs,htcacheclean,httpd}.8 \
201 /usr/share/man/man8/{logresolve,rotatelogs,suexec}.8 &amp;&amp;
202chown -v -R apache:apache /srv/www</userinput></screen>
203
204 </sect2>
205
206 <sect2 role="commands">
207 <title>Command Explanations</title>
208
209 <para><command>autoconf</command>: This command generates a new
210 <command>configure</command> script required after installing the
211 <filename>bdb</filename> patch.</para>
212
213 <para><parameter>--enable-mods-shared=all</parameter>: The modules
214 should be compiled and used as Dynamic Shared Objects
215 (DSOs) so they can be included and excluded from the
216 server using the run-time configuration directives.</para>
217
218 <para><option>--enable-ssl</option>: Use this parameter
219 to create the <filename class="libraryfile">mod_ssl</filename>
220 module and enable SSL support. This parameter is mentioned as one of many
221 parameters which can be passed to the <command>configure</command> command
222 to create additional DSO modules.<!-- Note that it really only affects the
223 APR-Util sub-package, which the HTTPD installation then uses.--></para>
224
225 <para><option>--with-pcre</option>: Add this parameter to use the system
226 installed version of the <application>PCRE</application> library.</para>
227
228 <para><option>--with-z</option>: Add this parameter to use the system
229 installed version of the <application>Zlib</application> library.</para>
230
231 <para><option>--with-ldap</option>: This parameter is required if you
232 passed the <option>--enable-authnz-ldap</option> or
233 <option>--enable-ldap</option> options to <command>configure</command>
234 and enabled the <application>OpenLDAP</application> modules.</para>
235
236 <para><option>--with-dbm=db4 --with-berkeley-db</option>: Use these
237 parameters if you require <application>Berkeley DB</application> support in
238 the bundled version of <application>APR-util</application> (required for
239 <application>Berkeley DB</application> back-end support in
240 <application>Subversion</application>). If you are using
241 <application>Berkeley DB</application>-5.1, change the first parameter to
242 <option>--with-dbm=db51</option>.</para>
243
244 <para><option>--with-mysql</option>: Add this parameter to use the system
245 installed version of <application>MySQL</application>.</para>
246
247 <para><command>chown root:root ...</command>: This command changes the
248 ownership of some installed files, the result of building the package as
249 a user other than <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>.</para>
250
251 <para><command>chown -R apache:apache /srv/www</command>: By default, the
252 installation process installs files (documentation, error messages, default
253 icons, etc.) with the ownership of the user that extracted the files from
254 the tar file. If you want to change the ownership to another user, you
255 should do so at this point. The only requirement is that the document
256 directories need to be accessible by the <command>httpd</command> process
257 with (r-x) permissions and files need to be readable (r--) by the
258 <systemitem class="username">apache</systemitem> user.</para>
259
260 </sect2>
261
262 <sect2 role="configuration">
263 <title>Configuring Apache</title>
264
265 <sect3 id="apache-config">
266 <title>Config Files</title>
267
268 <para><filename>/etc/apache/*</filename></para>
269
270 <indexterm zone="apache apache-config">
271 <primary sortas="e-etc-apache">/etc/apache/*</primary>
272 </indexterm>
273
274 <indexterm zone="apache apache-config">
275 <primary sortas="e-etc-apache-httpd.conf">/etc/apache/httpd.conf</primary>
276 </indexterm>
277
278 </sect3>
279
280 <sect3>
281 <title>Configuration Information</title>
282
283 <para>The main configuration file is named
284 <filename>/etc/apache/httpd.conf</filename>. Modify it so that the HTTP
285 server runs as the dedicated user and group:</para>
286
287<screen role="root"><userinput>sed -i -e "s/User daemon/User apache/" \
288 -e "s/Group daemon/Group apache/" \
289 /etc/apache/httpd.conf</userinput></screen>
290
291 <para>See <ulink url="http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.2/configuring.html"/>
292 for detailed instructions on customizing your
293 <application>Apache</application> HTTP server configuration file.</para>
294
295 </sect3>
296
297 <sect3 id="apache-init">
298 <title>Boot Script</title>
299
300 <para>If you want the <application>Apache</application> server to
301 start automatically when the system is booted, install the
302 <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/apache</filename> init script included
303 in the <xref linkend="bootscripts"/> package.</para>
304
305 <indexterm zone="apache apache-init">
306 <primary sortas="f-apache">apache</primary>
307 </indexterm>
308
309<screen role="root"><userinput>make install-apache</userinput></screen>
310
311 </sect3>
312
313 </sect2>
314
315 <sect2 role="content">
316 <title>Contents</title>
317
318 <segmentedlist>
319 <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
320 <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
321 <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
322
323 <seglistitem>
324 <seg>ab, apachectl, apr-1-config, apu-1-config, apxs, checkgid,
325 dbmmanage, htcacheclean, htdbm, htdigest, htpasswd, httpd, httxt2dbm,
326 logresolve, rotatelogs, and suexec</seg>
327 <seg>libapr-1.{so,a}, libaprutil-1.{so,a}, apr_{dbd,ldap} database
328 modules, and numerous DSO modules</seg>
329 <seg>/etc/apache, /srv/www, /usr/include/apache, /usr/lib/apache,
330 /usr/lib/apr-util-1, and /var/log/apache</seg>
331 </seglistitem>
332 </segmentedlist>
333
334 <variablelist>
335 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
336 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
337 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
338
339 <varlistentry id="ab">
340 <term><command>ab</command></term>
341 <listitem>
342 <para>is a tool for benchmarking your
343 <application>Apache</application> HTTP server.</para>
344 <indexterm zone="apache ab">
345 <primary sortas="b-ab">ab</primary>
346 </indexterm>
347 </listitem>
348 </varlistentry>
349
350 <varlistentry id="apachectl">
351 <term><command>apachectl</command></term>
352 <listitem>
353 <para>is a front end to the <application>Apache</application>
354 HTTP server which is designed to help the administrator
355 control the functioning of the <application>Apache</application>
356 httpd daemon.</para>
357 <indexterm zone="apache apachectl">
358 <primary sortas="b-apachectl">apachectl</primary>
359 </indexterm>
360 </listitem>
361 </varlistentry>
362
363 <varlistentry id="apr-1-config">
364 <term><command>apr-1-config</command></term>
365 <listitem>
366 <para>is a simple script that provides information about the
367 installed APR program.</para>
368 <indexterm zone="apache apr-1-config">
369 <primary sortas="b-apr-1-config">apr-1-config</primary>
370 </indexterm>
371 </listitem>
372 </varlistentry>
373
374 <varlistentry id="apu-1-config">
375 <term><command>apu-1-config</command></term>
376 <listitem>
377 <para>is a simple script that provides information about the
378 installed APR-Util program.</para>
379 <indexterm zone="apache apu-1-config">
380 <primary sortas="b-apu-1-config">apu-1-config</primary>
381 </indexterm>
382 </listitem>
383 </varlistentry>
384
385 <varlistentry id="apxs">
386 <term><command>apxs</command></term>
387 <listitem>
388 <para>is a tool for building and installing extension modules for
389 the <application>Apache</application> HTTP server.</para>
390 <indexterm zone="apache apxs">
391 <primary sortas="b-apxs">apxs</primary>
392 </indexterm>
393 </listitem>
394 </varlistentry>
395
396 <varlistentry id="checkgid">
397 <term><command>checkgid</command></term>
398 <listitem>
399 <para>is a program that checks whether it can setgid to the group
400 specified. This is to see if it is a valid group for Apache2 to use
401 at runtime. If the user (should be run as superuser) is in that
402 group, or can setgid to it, it will return 0.</para>
403 <indexterm zone="apache checkgid">
404 <primary sortas="b-checkgid">checkgid</primary>
405 </indexterm>
406 </listitem>
407 </varlistentry>
408
409 <varlistentry id="dbmmanage">
410 <term><command>dbmmanage</command></term>
411 <listitem>
412 <para>is used to create and update the DBM format files used to store
413 usernames and passwords for basic authentication of HTTP users.</para>
414 <indexterm zone="apache dbmmanage">
415 <primary sortas="b-dbmmanage">dbmmanage</primary>
416 </indexterm>
417 </listitem>
418 </varlistentry>
419
420 <varlistentry id="htcacheclean">
421 <term><command>htcacheclean</command></term>
422 <listitem>
423 <para>is used to clean up the disk cache.</para>
424 <indexterm zone="apache htcacheclean">
425 <primary sortas="b-htcacheclean">htcacheclean</primary>
426 </indexterm>
427 </listitem>
428 </varlistentry>
429
430 <varlistentry id="htdbm">
431 <term><command>htdbm</command></term>
432 <listitem>
433 <para>is used to manipulate the DBM password databases.</para>
434 <indexterm zone="apache htdbm">
435 <primary sortas="b-htdbm">htdbm</primary>
436 </indexterm>
437 </listitem>
438 </varlistentry>
439
440 <varlistentry id="htdigest">
441 <term><command>htdigest</command></term>
442 <listitem>
443 <para>is used to create and update the flat-files used to store
444 usernames, realms and passwords for digest authentication of
445 HTTP users.</para>
446 <indexterm zone="apache htdigest">
447 <primary sortas="b-htdigest">htdigest</primary>
448 </indexterm>
449 </listitem>
450 </varlistentry>
451
452 <varlistentry id="htpasswd">
453 <term><command>htpasswd</command></term>
454 <listitem>
455 <para>is used to create and update the flat-files used to store
456 usernames and passwords for basic authentication of HTTP users.</para>
457 <indexterm zone="apache htpasswd">
458 <primary sortas="b-htpasswd">htpasswd</primary>
459 </indexterm>
460 </listitem>
461 </varlistentry>
462
463 <varlistentry id="httpd">
464 <term><command>httpd</command></term>
465 <listitem>
466 <para>is the <application>Apache</application>
467 HTTP server program.</para>
468 <indexterm zone="apache httpd">
469 <primary sortas="b-httpd">httpd</primary>
470 </indexterm>
471 </listitem>
472 </varlistentry>
473
474 <varlistentry id="httxt2dbm">
475 <term><command>httxt2dbm</command></term>
476 <listitem>
477 <para>is used to generate DBM files from text input, for use in
478 RewriteMap.</para>
479 <indexterm zone="apache httxt2dbm">
480 <primary sortas="b-httxt2dbm">httxt2dbm</primary>
481 </indexterm>
482 </listitem>
483 </varlistentry>
484
485 <varlistentry id="logresolve">
486 <term><command>logresolve</command></term>
487 <listitem>
488 <para>is a post-processing program to resolve IP-addresses
489 in <application>Apache</application>'s access log files.</para>
490 <indexterm zone="apache logresolve">
491 <primary sortas="b-logresolve">logresolve</primary>
492 </indexterm>
493 </listitem>
494 </varlistentry>
495
496 <varlistentry id="rotatelogs">
497 <term><command>rotatelogs</command></term>
498 <listitem>
499 <para>is a simple program for use in conjunction with
500 <application>Apache</application>'s piped log file feature.</para>
501 <indexterm zone="apache rotatelogs">
502 <primary sortas="b-rotatelogs">rotatelogs</primary>
503 </indexterm>
504 </listitem>
505 </varlistentry>
506
507 <varlistentry id="suexec">
508 <term><command>suexec</command></term>
509 <listitem>
510 <para>is used by the <application>Apache HTTP</application> Server
511 to switch to another user before executing CGI programs.</para>
512 <indexterm zone="apache suexec">
513 <primary sortas="b-suexec">suexec</primary>
514 </indexterm>
515 </listitem>
516 </varlistentry>
517
518 </variablelist>
519
520 </sect2>
521
522</sect1>
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