1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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5 | %general-entities;
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6 |
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7 | <!-- <!ENTITY apache-download-http "http://www.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-&apache-version;.tar.bz2"> -->
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8 | <!ENTITY apache-download-http "http://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-&apache-version;.tar.bz2">
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9 | <!ENTITY apache-download-ftp "ftp://apache.mirrors.pair.com/httpd/httpd-&apache-version;.tar.bz2">
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10 | <!ENTITY apache-md5sum "1696ae62cd879ab1d4dd9ff021a470f2">
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11 | <!ENTITY apache-size "6.8 MB">
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12 | <!ENTITY apache-buildsize "105 MB (building all available DSO modules)">
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13 | <!ENTITY apache-time "1.2 SBU (building all available DSO modules)">
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14 | ]>
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15 |
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16 | <sect1 id="apache" xreflabel="Apache-&apache-version;">
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17 | <?dbhtml filename="apache.html"?>
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18 |
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19 | <sect1info>
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20 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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21 | <date>$Date$</date>
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22 | </sect1info>
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23 |
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24 | <title>Apache-&apache-version;</title>
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25 |
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26 | <indexterm zone="apache">
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27 | <primary sortas="a-Apache">Apache</primary>
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28 | </indexterm>
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29 |
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30 | <sect2 role="package">
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31 | <title>Introduction to Apache</title>
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32 |
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33 | <para>The <application>Apache</application> package contains an
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34 | open-source HTTP server. It is useful for creating local intranet
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35 | web sites or running huge web serving operations.</para>
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36 |
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37 | &lfs70_checked;
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38 |
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39 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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40 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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41 | <listitem>
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42 | <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&apache-download-http;"/></para>
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43 | </listitem>
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44 | <listitem>
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45 | <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&apache-download-ftp;"/></para>
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46 | </listitem>
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47 | <listitem>
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48 | <para>Download MD5 sum: &apache-md5sum;</para>
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49 | </listitem>
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50 | <listitem>
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51 | <para>Download size: &apache-size;</para>
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52 | </listitem>
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53 | <listitem>
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54 | <para>Estimated disk space required: &apache-buildsize;</para>
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55 | </listitem>
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56 | <listitem>
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57 | <para>Estimated build time: &apache-time;</para>
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58 | </listitem>
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59 | </itemizedlist>
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60 |
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61 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
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62 | <itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
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63 | <listitem>
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64 | <para>Required patch: <ulink
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65 | url="&patch-root;/httpd-&apache-version;-config-1.patch"/></para>
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66 | </listitem>
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67 | </itemizedlist>
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68 |
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69 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Apache Dependencies</bridgehead>
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70 |
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71 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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72 | <para role="optional"><xref linkend="openldap"/>,
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73 | <xref linkend="openssl"/> (also used in the bundled APR-util),
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74 | <xref linkend="pcre"/>,
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75 | <xref linkend="rsync"/>,
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76 | <xref linkend="lynx"/>,
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77 | <ulink url="http://apr.apache.org/">APR</ulink>,
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78 | <ulink url="http://apr.apache.org/">APR-util</ulink>, and
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79 | <ulink url="http://www.distcache.org/">distcache</ulink></para>
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80 |
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81 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional (Only if Using the Bundled
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82 | APR-util)</bridgehead>
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83 | <para role="optional"><!-- <xref linkend="pkgconfig"/>, -->
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84 | <xref linkend="expat"/>,
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85 | <!-- <xref linkend="gdbm"/>, -->
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86 | <xref linkend="db"/>,
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87 | <xref linkend="unixodbc"/>,
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88 | <xref linkend="mysql"/>,
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89 | <xref linkend="postgresql"/>,
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90 | <xref linkend="sqlite"/>,
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91 | <ulink url="http://www.oracle.com/us/products/database/index.html">Oracle 11g</ulink>, and
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92 | <ulink url="http://www.freetds.org/">FreeTDS</ulink></para>
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93 |
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94 | <para>Though you can install APR and APR-util as separate components, the
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95 | bundled versions that come with the Apache HTTPD tarball are
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96 | recommended.</para>
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97 |
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98 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
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99 | <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/apache"/></para>
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100 |
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101 | </sect2>
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102 |
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103 | <sect2 role="installation">
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104 | <title>Installation of Apache</title>
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105 |
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106 | <para>For security reasons, running the server as an unprivileged user and
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107 | group is strongly encouraged. Create the following group and user using the
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108 | following commands
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109 | (as <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>):</para>
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110 |
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111 | <screen role="root"><userinput>groupadd -g 25 apache &&
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112 | useradd -c "Apache Server" -d /dev/null -g apache \
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113 | -s /bin/false -u 25 apache</userinput></screen>
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114 |
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115 | <note><para>The above command directs the <application>Apache</application>
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116 | user's home directory to <filename>/dev/null</filename>. This may not work
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117 | for some add-ons such as <ulink
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118 | url='http://www.viewvc.org/'><application>ViewVC</application></ulink>, a
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119 | browser interface for CVS and Subversion version control repositories.
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120 | See the User Notes for details for specific applications.</para></note>
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121 |
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122 | <para>The following patch modifies the layout of destination
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123 | directories and among them, the build directory at
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124 | <filename class="directory">/usr/lib/apache/build</filename>. This
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125 | will allow the modules added to <application>Apache</application>
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126 | to be configured without errors. Apply the patch:</para>
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127 |
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128 | <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../httpd-&apache-version;-config-1.patch</userinput></screen>
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129 |
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130 | <note>
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131 | <para>You may wish to review the output from
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132 | <command>./configure --help</command> and include whatever parameters
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133 | are necessary to the <command>configure</command> command below to build
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134 | the modules required for your installation. There are as many as 65
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135 | additional parameters you can add to the <command>configure</command>
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136 | command to build additional modules. Some of the extra parameters which
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137 | aren't described or mentioned in the <parameter>--help</parameter>
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138 | information are listed in the <quote>Command Explanations</quote> section
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139 | below.</para>
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140 |
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141 | <para>If you are using the bundled version of
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142 | <application>APR-util</application> and you are going to install
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143 | <application>Subversion</application> with
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144 | <application>Berkeley DB</application> back-end support, ensure you use
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145 | the parameters shown in the <quote>Command Explanations</quote> section
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146 | below.</para>
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147 |
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148 | <para>While it is not built by default when using the following commands,
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149 | the ISAPI DSO module can be created by adding the
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150 | <option>--enable-isapi</option> option. Even though the module will
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151 | compile, install and load fine, the module is
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152 | <emphasis>only</emphasis> supported and functional in Win32
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153 | environments.</para>
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154 | </note>
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155 |
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156 | <para>Build and install <application>Apache</application> by running the
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157 | following commands:</para>
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158 |
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159 | <screen><userinput>./configure --enable-layout=FHS \
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160 | --enable-mods-shared=all \
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161 | --enable-so &&
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162 | make</userinput></screen>
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163 |
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164 | <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
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165 |
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166 | <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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167 |
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168 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install &&
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169 | chown -v root:root /usr/lib/apache/httpd.exp \
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170 | /usr/sbin/{apxs,apachectl,dbmmanage,envvars{,-std}} \
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171 | /usr/share/man/man1/{dbmmanage,ht{dbm,digest,passwd}}.1 \
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172 | /usr/share/man/man8/{ab,apachectl,apxs,htcacheclean,httpd}.8 \
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173 | /usr/share/man/man8/{logresolve,rotatelogs,suexec}.8 &&
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174 | chown -v -R apache:apache /srv/www</userinput></screen>
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175 |
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176 | </sect2>
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177 |
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178 | <sect2 role="commands">
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179 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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180 |
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181 | <para><parameter>--enable-mods-shared=all</parameter>: The modules
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182 | should be compiled and used as Dynamic Shared Objects
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183 | (DSOs) so they can be included and excluded from the
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184 | server using the run-time configuration directives.</para>
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185 |
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186 | <para><option>--enable-ssl</option>: Use this parameter
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187 | to create the <filename class="libraryfile">mod_ssl</filename>
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188 | module and enable SSL support. This parameter is mentioned as one of many
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189 | parameters which can be passed to the <command>configure</command> command
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190 | to create additional DSO modules.<!-- Note that it really only affects the
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191 | APR-Util sub-package, which the HTTPD installation then uses.--></para>
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192 |
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193 | <para><option>--with-pcre</option>: Add this parameter to use the system
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194 | installed version of the <application>PCRE</application> library.</para>
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195 |
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196 | <para><option>--with-z</option>: Add this parameter to use the system
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197 | installed version of the <application>Zlib</application> library.</para>
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198 |
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199 | <para><option>--with-ldap</option>: This parameter is required if you
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200 | passed the <option>--enable-authnz-ldap</option> or
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201 | <option>--enable-ldap</option> options to <command>configure</command>
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202 | and enabled the <application>OpenLDAP</application> modules.</para>
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203 |
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204 | <para><option>--with-dbm=db4 --with-berkeley-db</option>: Use these
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205 | parameters if you require <application>Berkeley DB</application> support in
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206 | the bundled version of <application>APR-util</application> (required for
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207 | <application>Berkeley DB</application> back-end support in
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208 | <application>Subversion</application>). If you are using
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209 | <application>Berkeley DB</application>-5.1, change the first parameter to
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210 | <option>--with-dbm=db51</option>.</para>
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211 |
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212 | <para><option>--with-mysql</option>: Add this parameter to use the system
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213 | installed version of <application>MySQL</application>.</para>
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214 |
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215 | <para><option>--with-included-apr</option>: Add this parameter to use the
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216 | bundled version of the APR system. The default is to use a
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217 | system-installed version, if one if available. Use this parameter to force
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218 | the build to use and then install (overwriting the existing APR) the
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219 | internal (bundled) copy of the APR.</para>
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220 |
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221 | <para><command>chown root:root ...</command>: This command changes the
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222 | ownership of some installed files, the result of building the package as
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223 | a user other than <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>.</para>
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224 |
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225 | <para><command>chown -R apache:apache /srv/www</command>: By default, the
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226 | installation process installs files (documentation, error messages, default
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227 | icons, etc.) with the ownership of the user that extracted the files from
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228 | the tar file. If you want to change the ownership to another user, you
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229 | should do so at this point. The only requirement is that the document
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230 | directories need to be accessible by the <command>httpd</command> process
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231 | with (r-x) permissions and files need to be readable (r--) by the
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232 | <systemitem class="username">apache</systemitem> user.</para>
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233 |
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234 | </sect2>
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235 |
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236 | <sect2 role="configuration">
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237 | <title>Configuring Apache</title>
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238 |
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239 | <sect3 id="apache-config">
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240 | <title>Config Files</title>
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241 |
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242 | <para><filename>/etc/apache/*</filename></para>
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243 |
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244 | <indexterm zone="apache apache-config">
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245 | <primary sortas="e-etc-apache">/etc/apache/*</primary>
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246 | </indexterm>
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247 |
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248 | <indexterm zone="apache apache-config">
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249 | <primary sortas="e-etc-apache-httpd.conf">/etc/apache/httpd.conf</primary>
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250 | </indexterm>
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251 |
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252 | </sect3>
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253 |
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254 | <sect3>
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255 | <title>Configuration Information</title>
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256 |
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257 | <para>The main configuration file is named
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258 | <filename>/etc/apache/httpd.conf</filename>. Modify it so that the HTTP
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259 | server runs as the dedicated user and group:</para>
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260 |
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261 | <screen role="root"><userinput>sed -i -e "s/User daemon/User apache/" \
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262 | -e "s/Group daemon/Group apache/" \
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263 | /etc/apache/httpd.conf</userinput></screen>
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264 |
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265 | <para>See <ulink url="http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.2/configuring.html"/>
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266 | for detailed instructions on customizing your
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267 | <application>Apache</application> HTTP server configuration file.</para>
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268 |
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269 | </sect3>
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270 |
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271 | <sect3 id="httpd-init">
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272 | <title>Boot Script</title>
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273 |
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274 | <para>If you want the <application>Apache</application> server to
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275 | start automatically when the system is booted, install the
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276 | <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd</filename> init script included
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277 | in the <xref linkend="bootscripts"/> package.</para>
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278 |
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279 | <indexterm zone="apache httpd-init">
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280 | <primary sortas="f-apache">apache</primary>
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281 | </indexterm>
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282 |
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283 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install-httpd</userinput></screen>
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284 |
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285 | </sect3>
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286 |
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287 | </sect2>
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288 |
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289 | <sect2 role="content">
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290 | <title>Contents</title>
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291 |
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292 | <segmentedlist>
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293 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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294 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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295 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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296 |
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297 | <seglistitem>
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298 | <seg>ab, apachectl, apr-1-config, apu-1-config, apxs, checkgid,
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299 | dbmmanage, htcacheclean, htdbm, htdigest, htpasswd, httpd, httxt2dbm,
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300 | logresolve, rotatelogs, and suexec</seg>
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301 | <seg>libapr-1.{so,a}, libaprutil-1.{so,a}, apr_{dbd,ldap} database
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302 | modules, and numerous DSO modules</seg>
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303 | <seg>/etc/apache, /srv/www, /usr/include/apache, /usr/lib/apache,
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304 | /usr/lib/apr-util-1, and /var/log/apache</seg>
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305 | </seglistitem>
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306 | </segmentedlist>
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307 |
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308 | <variablelist>
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309 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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310 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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311 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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312 |
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313 | <varlistentry id="ab">
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314 | <term><command>ab</command></term>
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315 | <listitem>
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316 | <para>is a tool for benchmarking your
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317 | <application>Apache</application> HTTP server.</para>
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318 | <indexterm zone="apache ab">
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319 | <primary sortas="b-ab">ab</primary>
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320 | </indexterm>
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321 | </listitem>
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322 | </varlistentry>
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323 |
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324 | <varlistentry id="apachectl">
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325 | <term><command>apachectl</command></term>
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326 | <listitem>
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327 | <para>is a front end to the <application>Apache</application>
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328 | HTTP server which is designed to help the administrator
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329 | control the functioning of the <application>Apache</application>
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330 | httpd daemon.</para>
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331 | <indexterm zone="apache apachectl">
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332 | <primary sortas="b-apachectl">apachectl</primary>
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333 | </indexterm>
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334 | </listitem>
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335 | </varlistentry>
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336 |
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337 | <varlistentry id="apr-1-config">
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338 | <term><command>apr-1-config</command></term>
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339 | <listitem>
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340 | <para>is a simple script that provides information about the
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341 | installed APR program.</para>
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342 | <indexterm zone="apache apr-1-config">
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343 | <primary sortas="b-apr-1-config">apr-1-config</primary>
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344 | </indexterm>
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345 | </listitem>
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346 | </varlistentry>
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347 |
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348 | <varlistentry id="apu-1-config">
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349 | <term><command>apu-1-config</command></term>
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350 | <listitem>
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351 | <para>is a simple script that provides information about the
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352 | installed APR-Util program.</para>
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353 | <indexterm zone="apache apu-1-config">
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354 | <primary sortas="b-apu-1-config">apu-1-config</primary>
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355 | </indexterm>
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356 | </listitem>
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357 | </varlistentry>
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358 |
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359 | <varlistentry id="apxs">
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360 | <term><command>apxs</command></term>
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361 | <listitem>
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362 | <para>is a tool for building and installing extension modules for
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363 | the <application>Apache</application> HTTP server.</para>
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364 | <indexterm zone="apache apxs">
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365 | <primary sortas="b-apxs">apxs</primary>
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366 | </indexterm>
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367 | </listitem>
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368 | </varlistentry>
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369 |
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370 | <varlistentry id="checkgid">
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371 | <term><command>checkgid</command></term>
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372 | <listitem>
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373 | <para>is a program that checks whether it can setgid to the group
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374 | specified. This is to see if it is a valid group for Apache2 to use
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375 | at runtime. If the user (should be run as superuser) is in that
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376 | group, or can setgid to it, it will return 0.</para>
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377 | <indexterm zone="apache checkgid">
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378 | <primary sortas="b-checkgid">checkgid</primary>
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379 | </indexterm>
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380 | </listitem>
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381 | </varlistentry>
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382 |
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383 | <varlistentry id="dbmmanage">
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384 | <term><command>dbmmanage</command></term>
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385 | <listitem>
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386 | <para>is used to create and update the DBM format files used to store
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387 | usernames and passwords for basic authentication of HTTP users.</para>
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388 | <indexterm zone="apache dbmmanage">
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389 | <primary sortas="b-dbmmanage">dbmmanage</primary>
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390 | </indexterm>
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391 | </listitem>
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392 | </varlistentry>
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393 |
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394 | <varlistentry id="htcacheclean">
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395 | <term><command>htcacheclean</command></term>
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396 | <listitem>
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397 | <para>is used to clean up the disk cache.</para>
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398 | <indexterm zone="apache htcacheclean">
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399 | <primary sortas="b-htcacheclean">htcacheclean</primary>
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400 | </indexterm>
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401 | </listitem>
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402 | </varlistentry>
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403 |
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404 | <varlistentry id="htdbm">
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405 | <term><command>htdbm</command></term>
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406 | <listitem>
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407 | <para>is used to manipulate the DBM password databases.</para>
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408 | <indexterm zone="apache htdbm">
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409 | <primary sortas="b-htdbm">htdbm</primary>
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410 | </indexterm>
|
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411 | </listitem>
|
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412 | </varlistentry>
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413 |
|
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414 | <varlistentry id="htdigest">
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415 | <term><command>htdigest</command></term>
|
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416 | <listitem>
|
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417 | <para>is used to create and update the flat-files used to store
|
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418 | usernames, realms and passwords for digest authentication of
|
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419 | HTTP users.</para>
|
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420 | <indexterm zone="apache htdigest">
|
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421 | <primary sortas="b-htdigest">htdigest</primary>
|
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422 | </indexterm>
|
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423 | </listitem>
|
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424 | </varlistentry>
|
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425 |
|
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426 | <varlistentry id="htpasswd">
|
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427 | <term><command>htpasswd</command></term>
|
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428 | <listitem>
|
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429 | <para>is used to create and update the flat-files used to store
|
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430 | usernames and passwords for basic authentication of HTTP users.</para>
|
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431 | <indexterm zone="apache htpasswd">
|
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432 | <primary sortas="b-htpasswd">htpasswd</primary>
|
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433 | </indexterm>
|
---|
434 | </listitem>
|
---|
435 | </varlistentry>
|
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436 |
|
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437 | <varlistentry id="httpd">
|
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438 | <term><command>httpd</command></term>
|
---|
439 | <listitem>
|
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440 | <para>is the <application>Apache</application>
|
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441 | HTTP server program.</para>
|
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442 | <indexterm zone="apache httpd">
|
---|
443 | <primary sortas="b-httpd">httpd</primary>
|
---|
444 | </indexterm>
|
---|
445 | </listitem>
|
---|
446 | </varlistentry>
|
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447 |
|
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448 | <varlistentry id="httxt2dbm">
|
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449 | <term><command>httxt2dbm</command></term>
|
---|
450 | <listitem>
|
---|
451 | <para>is used to generate DBM files from text input, for use in
|
---|
452 | RewriteMap.</para>
|
---|
453 | <indexterm zone="apache httxt2dbm">
|
---|
454 | <primary sortas="b-httxt2dbm">httxt2dbm</primary>
|
---|
455 | </indexterm>
|
---|
456 | </listitem>
|
---|
457 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
458 |
|
---|
459 | <varlistentry id="logresolve">
|
---|
460 | <term><command>logresolve</command></term>
|
---|
461 | <listitem>
|
---|
462 | <para>is a post-processing program to resolve IP-addresses
|
---|
463 | in <application>Apache</application>'s access log files.</para>
|
---|
464 | <indexterm zone="apache logresolve">
|
---|
465 | <primary sortas="b-logresolve">logresolve</primary>
|
---|
466 | </indexterm>
|
---|
467 | </listitem>
|
---|
468 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
469 |
|
---|
470 | <varlistentry id="rotatelogs">
|
---|
471 | <term><command>rotatelogs</command></term>
|
---|
472 | <listitem>
|
---|
473 | <para>is a simple program for use in conjunction with
|
---|
474 | <application>Apache</application>'s piped log file feature.</para>
|
---|
475 | <indexterm zone="apache rotatelogs">
|
---|
476 | <primary sortas="b-rotatelogs">rotatelogs</primary>
|
---|
477 | </indexterm>
|
---|
478 | </listitem>
|
---|
479 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
480 |
|
---|
481 | <varlistentry id="suexec">
|
---|
482 | <term><command>suexec</command></term>
|
---|
483 | <listitem>
|
---|
484 | <para>is used by the <application>Apache HTTP</application> Server
|
---|
485 | to switch to another user before executing CGI programs.</para>
|
---|
486 | <indexterm zone="apache suexec">
|
---|
487 | <primary sortas="b-suexec">suexec</primary>
|
---|
488 | </indexterm>
|
---|
489 | </listitem>
|
---|
490 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
491 |
|
---|
492 | </variablelist>
|
---|
493 |
|
---|
494 | </sect2>
|
---|
495 |
|
---|
496 | </sect1>
|
---|