| 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 |
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| 7 | <!ENTITY apache-download-http
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| 8 | "http://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-&apache-version;.tar.bz2">
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| 9 | <!ENTITY apache-download-ftp
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| 10 | "ftp://apache.mirrors.pair.com/httpd/httpd-&apache-version;.tar.bz2">
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| 11 | <!ENTITY apache-md5sum "6bb12f726e22656f0ad2baf91f1f8329">
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| 12 | <!ENTITY apache-size "3.9 MB">
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| 13 | <!ENTITY apache-buildsize "99 MB">
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| 14 | <!ENTITY apache-time "0.8 SBU">
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| 15 | ]>
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| 16 |
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| 17 | <sect1 id="apache" xreflabel="Apache-&apache-version;">
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| 18 | <?dbhtml filename="apache.html"?>
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| 19 |
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| 20 | <sect1info>
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| 21 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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| 22 | <date>$Date$</date>
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| 23 | </sect1info>
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| 24 |
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| 25 | <title>Apache-&apache-version;</title>
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| 26 |
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| 27 | <indexterm zone="apache">
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| 28 | <primary sortas="a-Apache">Apache</primary>
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| 29 | </indexterm>
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| 30 |
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| 31 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 32 | <title>Introduction to Apache</title>
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| 33 |
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| 34 | <para>
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| 35 | The <application>Apache</application> package contains an open-source HTTP
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| 36 | server. It is useful for creating local intranet web sites or running huge
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| 37 | web serving operations.
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| 38 | </para>
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| 39 |
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| 40 | &lfs71_checked;
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| 41 |
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| 42 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 43 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 44 | <listitem>
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| 45 | <para>
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| 46 | Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&apache-download-http;"/>
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| 47 | </para>
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| 48 | </listitem>
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| 49 | <listitem>
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| 50 | <para>
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| 51 | Download (FTP): <ulink url="&apache-download-ftp;"/>
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| 52 | </para>
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| 53 | </listitem>
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| 54 | <listitem>
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| 55 | <para>
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| 56 | Download MD5 sum: &apache-md5sum;
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| 57 | </para>
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| 58 | </listitem>
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| 59 | <listitem>
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| 60 | <para>
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| 61 | Download size: &apache-size;
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| 62 | </para>
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| 63 | </listitem>
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| 64 | <listitem>
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| 65 | <para>
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| 66 | Estimated disk space required: &apache-buildsize;
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| 67 | </para>
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| 68 | </listitem>
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| 69 | <listitem>
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| 70 | <para>
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| 71 | Estimated build time: &apache-time;
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| 72 | </para>
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| 73 | </listitem>
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| 74 | </itemizedlist>
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| 75 |
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| 76 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Apache Dependencies</bridgehead>
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| 77 |
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| 78 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
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| 79 | <para role="required">
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| 80 | <xref linkend="apr-util"/>
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| 81 | </para>
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| 82 |
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| 83 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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| 84 | <para role="optional">
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| 85 | <xref linkend="openldap"/>,
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| 86 | <xref linkend="db"/>,
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| 87 | <xref linkend="expat"/>,
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| 88 | <xref linkend="openssl"/>,
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| 89 | <xref linkend="pcre"/>,
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| 90 | <xref linkend="rsync"/>,
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| 91 | <xref linkend="doxygen"/>,
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| 92 | <xref linkend="lynx"/> and
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| 93 | <ulink url="http://www.distcache.org/">distcache</ulink>
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| 94 | </para>
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| 95 |
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| 96 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">
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| 97 | User Notes: <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/apache"/>
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| 98 | </para>
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| 99 | </sect2>
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| 100 |
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| 101 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 102 | <title>Installation of Apache</title>
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| 103 |
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| 104 | <para>
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| 105 | For security reasons, running the server as an unprivileged user and group
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| 106 | is strongly encouraged. Create the following group and user using the
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| 107 | following commands as <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>:
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| 108 | </para>
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| 109 |
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| 110 | <screen role="root"><userinput>groupadd -g 25 apache &&
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| 111 | useradd -c "Apache Server" -d /dev/null -g apache \
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| 112 | -s /bin/false -u 25 apache</userinput></screen>
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| 113 |
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| 114 | <note>
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| 115 | <para>
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| 116 | The above command directs the <application>Apache</application> user's
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| 117 | home directory to <filename>/dev/null</filename>. This may not work
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| 118 | for some add-ons such as
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| 119 | <ulink url='http://www.viewvc.org/'><application>ViewVC</application></ulink>,
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| 120 | a browser interface for CVS and Subversion version control repositories.
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| 121 | See the User Notes for details for specific applications.
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| 122 | </para>
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| 123 | </note>
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| 124 |
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| 125 | <para>
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| 126 | Build and install <application>Apache</application> by running the
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| 127 | following commands:
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| 128 | </para>
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| 129 |
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| 130 | <screen><userinput>cat >> config.layout << "HERE_DOC" &&
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| 131 | # BLFS FHS layout
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| 132 | <Layout FHS>
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| 133 | prefix: /usr
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| 134 | exec_prefix: ${prefix}
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| 135 | bindir: ${exec_prefix}/bin
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| 136 | sbindir: ${exec_prefix}/sbin
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| 137 | libdir: ${exec_prefix}/lib
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| 138 | libexecdir: ${exec_prefix}/libexec/apache
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| 139 | mandir: ${prefix}/share/man
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| 140 | sysconfdir: /etc/apache
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| 141 | datadir: /srv/www
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| 142 | installbuilddir: ${libexecdir}/build
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| 143 | errordir: ${datadir}/error
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| 144 | iconsdir: ${datadir}/icons
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| 145 | htdocsdir: ${datadir}/htdocs
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| 146 | manualdir: ${datadir}/manual
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| 147 | cgidir: ${datadir}/cgi-bin
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| 148 | includedir: ${prefix}/include/apache
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| 149 | localstatedir: ${datadir}
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| 150 | runtimedir: /var/run
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| 151 | logfiledir: /var/log/apache
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| 152 | proxycachedir: /var/cache/apache/proxy
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| 153 | </Layout>
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| 154 | HERE_DOC
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| 155 | ./configure --enable-layout=FHS --enable-mods-shared=all &&
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| 156 | make</userinput></screen>
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| 157 |
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| 158 | <para>
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| 159 | This package does not come with a test suite.
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| 160 | </para>
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| 161 |
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| 162 | <para>
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| 163 | Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 164 | </para>
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| 165 |
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| 166 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install &&
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| 167 | chown -v root:root /usr/bin/{apxs,dbmmanage} \
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| 168 | /usr/sbin/{apachectl,envvars{,-std}} \
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| 169 | /usr/libexec/apache/httpd.exp \
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| 170 | /usr/share/man/man1/{ab,apxs,dbmmanage,ht{dbm,digest,passwd,txt2dbm},logresolve}.1 \
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| 171 | /usr/share/man/man8/{apachectl,htcacheclean,httpd,rotatelogs,suexec}.8 &&
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| 172 | chown -v -R apache:apache /srv/www</userinput></screen>
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| 173 |
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| 174 | <para>
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| 175 | Also as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user,
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| 176 | optionally install the html docs:
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| 177 | </para>
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| 178 |
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| 179 | <screen role="root"><userinput>mkdir -p /usr/share/doc/httpd-&apache-version;/style &&
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| 180 | for thing in docs/manual/*.html.en
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| 181 | do
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| 182 | tmp=${thing%.en}
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| 183 | cp ${thing} /usr/share/doc/httpd-&apache-version;/${tmp##*/}
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| 184 | done
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| 185 | cp -rf docs/manual/images /usr/share/doc/httpd-&apache-version; &&
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| 186 | cp -rf docs/manual/style/css /usr/share/doc/httpd-&apache-version;/style &&
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| 187 | for directory in developer faq howto misc mod platform programs rewrite ssl vhosts
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| 188 | do
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| 189 | mkdir -p /usr/share/doc/httpd-&apache-version;/${directory}
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| 190 | for thing in docs/manual/${directory}/*.html.en
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| 191 | do
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| 192 | tmp=${thing%.en}
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| 193 | cp ${thing} /usr/share/doc/httpd-&apache-version;/${directory}/${tmp##*/}
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| 194 | done
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| 195 | done
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| 196 | sed -i \
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| 197 | '/developer\|faq\|misc\|mod\|programs\|rewrite\|ssl\|vhosts/s#/"#/index.html"#' \
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| 198 | /usr/share/doc/httpd-&apache-version;/index.html</userinput></screen>
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| 199 | </sect2>
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| 200 |
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| 201 | <sect2 role="commands">
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| 202 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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| 203 |
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| 204 | <para>
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| 205 | <parameter>--enable-mods-shared=all</parameter>: The modules should be
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| 206 | compiled and used as Dynamic Shared Objects (DSOs) so they can be included
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| 207 | and excluded from the server using the run-time configuration directives.
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| 208 | </para>
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| 209 |
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| 210 | <para>
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| 211 | <command>chown root:root ...</command>: This command changes the ownership
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| 212 | of some installed files, the result of building the package as a user
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| 213 | other than <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>.
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| 214 | </para>
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| 215 |
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| 216 | <para>
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| 217 | <command>chown -R apache:apache /srv/www</command>: By default, the
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| 218 | installation process installs files (documentation, error messages,
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| 219 | default icons, etc.) with the ownership of the user that extracted the
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| 220 | files from the tar file. If you want to change the ownership to another
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| 221 | user, you should do so at this point. The only requirement is that the
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| 222 | document directories need to be accessible by the <command>httpd</command>
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| 223 | process with (r-x) permissions and files need to be readable (r--) by the
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| 224 | <systemitem class="username">apache</systemitem> user.
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| 225 | </para>
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| 226 | </sect2>
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| 227 |
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| 228 | <sect2 role="configuration">
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| 229 | <title>Configuring Apache</title>
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| 230 |
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| 231 | <sect3 id="apache-config">
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| 232 | <title>Config Files</title>
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| 233 |
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| 234 | <para>
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| 235 | <filename>/etc/apache/*</filename>
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| 236 | </para>
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| 237 |
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| 238 | <indexterm zone="apache apache-config">
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| 239 | <primary sortas="e-etc-apache">/etc/apache/*</primary>
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| 240 | </indexterm>
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| 241 |
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| 242 | <indexterm zone="apache apache-config">
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| 243 | <primary sortas="e-etc-apache-httpd.conf">/etc/apache/httpd.conf</primary>
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| 244 | </indexterm>
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| 245 | </sect3>
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| 246 |
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| 247 | <sect3>
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| 248 | <title>Configuration Information</title>
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| 249 |
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| 250 | <para>
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| 251 | The main configuration file is named
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| 252 | <filename>/etc/apache/httpd.conf</filename>. Modify it so that the HTTP
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| 253 | server runs as the dedicated user and group:
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| 254 | </para>
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| 255 |
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| 256 | <screen role="root"><userinput>sed -i "s/daemon$/apache/" /etc/apache/httpd.conf</userinput></screen>
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| 257 |
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| 258 | <para>
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| 259 | See <ulink url="/usr/share/doc/httpd-&apache-version;/configuring.html"/>
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| 260 | for detailed instructions on customising your
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| 261 | <application>Apache</application> HTTP server configuration file.
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| 262 | </para>
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| 263 | </sect3>
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| 264 |
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| 265 | <sect3 id="httpd-init">
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| 266 | <title>Boot Script</title>
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| 267 |
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| 268 | <para>
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| 269 | If you want the <application>Apache</application> server to
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| 270 | start automatically when the system is booted, install the
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| 271 | <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd</filename> init script included
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| 272 | in the <xref linkend="bootscripts"/> package.
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| 273 | </para>
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| 274 |
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| 275 | <indexterm zone="apache httpd-init">
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| 276 | <primary sortas="f-apache">apache</primary>
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| 277 | </indexterm>
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| 278 |
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| 279 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install-httpd</userinput></screen>
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| 280 | </sect3>
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| 281 | </sect2>
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| 282 |
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| 283 | <sect2 role="content">
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| 284 | <title>Contents</title>
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| 285 |
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| 286 | <segmentedlist>
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| 287 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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| 288 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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| 289 |
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| 290 | <seglistitem>
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| 291 | <seg>
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| 292 | ab, apachectl, apxs, checkgid, dbmmanage, htcacheclean, htdbm,
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| 293 | htdigest, htpasswd, httpd, httxt2dbm, logresolve and rotatelogs
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| 294 | </seg>
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| 295 | <seg>
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| 296 | /etc/apache, /srv/www, /usr/include/apache, /usr/libexec/apache,
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| 297 | and /var/log/apache.
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| 298 | </seg>
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| 299 | </seglistitem>
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| 300 | </segmentedlist>
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| 301 |
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| 302 | <variablelist>
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| 303 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 304 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 305 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 306 |
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| 307 | <varlistentry id="ab">
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| 308 | <term><command>ab</command></term>
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| 309 | <listitem>
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| 310 | <para>
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| 311 | is a tool for benchmarking your <application>Apache</application>
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| 312 | HTTP server.
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| 313 | </para>
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| 314 | <indexterm zone="apache ab">
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| 315 | <primary sortas="b-ab">ab</primary>
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| 316 | </indexterm>
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| 317 | </listitem>
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| 318 | </varlistentry>
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| 319 |
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| 320 | <varlistentry id="apachectl">
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| 321 | <term><command>apachectl</command></term>
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| 322 | <listitem>
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| 323 | <para>
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| 324 | is a front end to the <application>Apache</application> HTTP server
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| 325 | which is designed to help the administrator control the functioning
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| 326 | of the <application>Apache</application> httpd daemon.
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| 327 | </para>
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| 328 | <indexterm zone="apache apachectl">
|
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| 329 | <primary sortas="b-apachectl">apachectl</primary>
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| 330 | </indexterm>
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| 331 | </listitem>
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| 332 | </varlistentry>
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| 333 |
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| 334 | <varlistentry id="apxs">
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| 335 | <term><command>apxs</command></term>
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| 336 | <listitem>
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| 337 | <para>
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| 338 | is a tool for building and installing extension modules for the
|
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| 339 | <application>Apache</application> HTTP server.
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| 340 | </para>
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| 341 | <indexterm zone="apache apxs">
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| 342 | <primary sortas="b-apxs">apxs</primary>
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| 343 | </indexterm>
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| 344 | </listitem>
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| 345 | </varlistentry>
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|---|
| 346 |
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| 347 | <varlistentry id="checkgid">
|
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| 348 | <term><command>checkgid</command></term>
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| 349 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 350 | <para>
|
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| 351 | is a program that checks whether it can setgid to the group
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| 352 | specified. This is to see if it is a valid group for Apache2 to use
|
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| 353 | at runtime. If the user (should be run as superuser) is in that
|
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| 354 | group, or can setgid to it, it will return 0.
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|---|
| 355 | </para>
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|---|
| 356 | <indexterm zone="apache checkgid">
|
|---|
| 357 | <primary sortas="b-checkgid">checkgid</primary>
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| 358 | </indexterm>
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|---|
| 359 | </listitem>
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|---|
| 360 | </varlistentry>
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|---|
| 361 |
|
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| 362 | <varlistentry id="dbmmanage">
|
|---|
| 363 | <term><command>dbmmanage</command></term>
|
|---|
| 364 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 365 | <para>
|
|---|
| 366 | is used to create and update the DBM format files used to store
|
|---|
| 367 | usernames and passwords for basic authentication of HTTP users.
|
|---|
| 368 | </para>
|
|---|
| 369 | <indexterm zone="apache dbmmanage">
|
|---|
| 370 | <primary sortas="b-dbmmanage">dbmmanage</primary>
|
|---|
| 371 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 372 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 373 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 374 |
|
|---|
| 375 | <varlistentry id="htcacheclean">
|
|---|
| 376 | <term><command>htcacheclean</command></term>
|
|---|
| 377 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 378 | <para>
|
|---|
| 379 | is used to clean up the disk cache.
|
|---|
| 380 | </para>
|
|---|
| 381 | <indexterm zone="apache htcacheclean">
|
|---|
| 382 | <primary sortas="b-htcacheclean">htcacheclean</primary>
|
|---|
| 383 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 384 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 385 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 386 |
|
|---|
| 387 | <varlistentry id="htdbm">
|
|---|
| 388 | <term><command>htdbm</command></term>
|
|---|
| 389 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 390 | <para>
|
|---|
| 391 | is used to manipulate the DBM password databases.
|
|---|
| 392 | </para>
|
|---|
| 393 | <indexterm zone="apache htdbm">
|
|---|
| 394 | <primary sortas="b-htdbm">htdbm</primary>
|
|---|
| 395 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 396 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 397 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 398 |
|
|---|
| 399 | <varlistentry id="htdigest">
|
|---|
| 400 | <term><command>htdigest</command></term>
|
|---|
| 401 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 402 | <para>
|
|---|
| 403 | is used to create and update the flat-files used to store usernames,
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| 404 | realms and passwords for digest authentication of HTTP users.
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| 405 | </para>
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| 406 | <indexterm zone="apache htdigest">
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| 407 | <primary sortas="b-htdigest">htdigest</primary>
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| 408 | </indexterm>
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|---|
| 409 | </listitem>
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| 410 | </varlistentry>
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| 411 |
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| 412 | <varlistentry id="htpasswd">
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| 413 | <term><command>htpasswd</command></term>
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| 414 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 415 | <para>
|
|---|
| 416 | is used to create and update the flat-files used to store usernames
|
|---|
| 417 | and passwords for basic authentication of HTTP users.
|
|---|
| 418 | </para>
|
|---|
| 419 | <indexterm zone="apache htpasswd">
|
|---|
| 420 | <primary sortas="b-htpasswd">htpasswd</primary>
|
|---|
| 421 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 422 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 423 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 424 |
|
|---|
| 425 | <varlistentry id="httpd">
|
|---|
| 426 | <term><command>httpd</command></term>
|
|---|
| 427 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 428 | <para>
|
|---|
| 429 | is the <application>Apache</application> HTTP server program.
|
|---|
| 430 | </para>
|
|---|
| 431 | <indexterm zone="apache httpd">
|
|---|
| 432 | <primary sortas="b-httpd">httpd</primary>
|
|---|
| 433 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 434 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 435 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 436 |
|
|---|
| 437 | <varlistentry id="httxt2dbm">
|
|---|
| 438 | <term><command>httxt2dbm</command></term>
|
|---|
| 439 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 440 | <para>
|
|---|
| 441 | is used to generate DBM files from text, for use in RewriteMap.
|
|---|
| 442 | </para>
|
|---|
| 443 | <indexterm zone="apache httxt2dbm">
|
|---|
| 444 | <primary sortas="b-httxt2dbm">httxt2dbm</primary>
|
|---|
| 445 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 446 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 447 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 448 |
|
|---|
| 449 | <varlistentry id="logresolve">
|
|---|
| 450 | <term><command>logresolve</command></term>
|
|---|
| 451 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 452 | <para>
|
|---|
| 453 | is a post-processing program to resolve IP-addresses in
|
|---|
| 454 | <application>Apache</application>'s access log files.
|
|---|
| 455 | </para>
|
|---|
| 456 | <indexterm zone="apache logresolve">
|
|---|
| 457 | <primary sortas="b-logresolve">logresolve</primary>
|
|---|
| 458 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 459 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 460 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 461 |
|
|---|
| 462 | <varlistentry id="rotatelogs">
|
|---|
| 463 | <term><command>rotatelogs</command></term>
|
|---|
| 464 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 465 | <para>
|
|---|
| 466 | is a simple program for use in conjunction with
|
|---|
| 467 | <application>Apache</application>'s piped log file feature.
|
|---|
| 468 | </para>
|
|---|
| 469 | <indexterm zone="apache rotatelogs">
|
|---|
| 470 | <primary sortas="b-rotatelogs">rotatelogs</primary>
|
|---|
| 471 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 472 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 473 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 474 | </variablelist>
|
|---|
| 475 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 476 | </sect1>
|
|---|
