| 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 |
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| 7 | <!ENTITY apache-download-http
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| 8 | "https://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-&apache-version;.tar.bz2">
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| 9 | <!ENTITY apache-download-ftp " ">
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| 10 | <!ENTITY apache-md5sum "a7088cec171b0d00bf43394ce64d3909">
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| 11 | <!ENTITY apache-size "6.9 MB">
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| 12 | <!ENTITY apache-buildsize "130 MB">
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| 13 | <!ENTITY apache-time "0.8 SBU">
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| 14 | ]>
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| 15 |
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| 16 | <sect1 id="apache" xreflabel="Apache-&apache-version;">
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| 17 | <?dbhtml filename="apache.html"?>
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| 18 |
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| 19 | <sect1info>
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| 20 | <date>$Date$</date>
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| 21 | </sect1info>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <title>Apache-&apache-version;</title>
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| 24 |
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| 25 | <indexterm zone="apache">
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| 26 | <primary sortas="a-Apache">Apache</primary>
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| 27 | </indexterm>
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| 28 |
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| 29 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 30 | <title>Introduction to Apache HTTPD</title>
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| 31 |
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| 32 | <para>
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| 33 | The <application>Apache HTTPD</application> package contains an open-source HTTP
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| 34 | server. It is useful for creating local intranet web sites or running huge
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| 35 | web serving operations.
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| 36 | </para>
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| 37 |
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| 38 | &lfs110_checked;
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| 39 |
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| 40 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 41 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 42 | <listitem>
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| 43 | <para>
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| 44 | Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&apache-download-http;"/>
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| 45 | </para>
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| 46 | </listitem>
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| 47 | <listitem>
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| 48 | <para>
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| 49 | Download (FTP): <ulink url="&apache-download-ftp;"/>
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| 50 | </para>
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| 51 | </listitem>
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| 52 | <listitem>
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| 53 | <para>
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| 54 | Download MD5 sum: &apache-md5sum;
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| 55 | </para>
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| 56 | </listitem>
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| 57 | <listitem>
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| 58 | <para>
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| 59 | Download size: &apache-size;
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| 60 | </para>
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| 61 | </listitem>
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| 62 | <listitem>
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| 63 | <para>
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| 64 | Estimated disk space required: &apache-buildsize;
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| 65 | </para>
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| 66 | </listitem>
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| 67 | <listitem>
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| 68 | <para>
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| 69 | Estimated build time: &apache-time;
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| 70 | </para>
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| 71 | </listitem>
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| 72 | </itemizedlist>
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| 73 |
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| 74 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
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| 75 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 76 | <listitem>
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| 77 | <para>
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| 78 | Required patch:
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| 79 | <ulink url="&patch-root;/httpd-&apache-version;-blfs_layout-1.patch"/>
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| 80 | </para>
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| 81 | </listitem>
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| 82 | </itemizedlist>
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| 83 |
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| 84 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Apache HTTPD Dependencies</bridgehead>
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| 85 |
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| 86 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
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| 87 | <para role="required">
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| 88 | <xref linkend="apr-util"/> and
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| 89 | <xref linkend="pcre"/>
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| 90 | </para>
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| 91 | <!--
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| 92 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Recommended</bridgehead>
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| 93 | <para role="recommended">
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| 94 | <xref linkend="openssl"/>
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| 95 | </para>
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| 96 | -->
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| 97 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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| 98 | <para role="optional">
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| 99 | <xref linkend="brotli"/>,
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| 100 | <xref linkend="db"/>,
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| 101 | <xref linkend="doxygen"/>,
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| 102 | <xref linkend="libxml2"/>,
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| 103 | <xref linkend="lua"/>,
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| 104 | <xref linkend="lynx"/> or
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| 105 | <xref linkend="Links"/> or
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| 106 | <ulink url="&elinks-url;">ELinks</ulink>,
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| 107 | <xref linkend="nghttp2"/>,
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| 108 | <xref linkend="openldap"/> (<xref linkend="apr-util"/> needs to be
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| 109 | installed with ldap support),
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| 110 | <xref linkend="rsync"/>, and
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| 111 | <ulink url="https://sourceforge.net/projects/distcache">Distcache</ulink>
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| 112 | </para>
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| 113 |
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| 114 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">
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| 115 | User Notes: <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/apache"/>
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| 116 | </para>
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| 117 | </sect2>
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| 118 |
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| 119 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 120 | <title>Installation of Apache HTTPD</title>
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| 121 |
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| 122 | <para>
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| 123 | For security reasons, running the server as an unprivileged user and group
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| 124 | is strongly encouraged. Create the following group and user using the
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| 125 | following commands as <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>:
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| 126 | </para>
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| 127 |
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| 128 | <screen role="root"><userinput>groupadd -g 25 apache &&
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| 129 | useradd -c "Apache Server" -d /srv/www -g apache \
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| 130 | -s /bin/false -u 25 apache</userinput></screen>
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| 131 |
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| 132 | <para>
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| 133 | Build and install <application>Apache HTTPD</application> by running the
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| 134 | following commands:
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| 135 | </para>
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| 136 |
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| 137 | <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../httpd-&apache-version;-blfs_layout-1.patch &&
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| 138 |
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| 139 | sed '/dir.*CFG_PREFIX/s@^@#@' -i support/apxs.in &&
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| 140 |
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| 141 | ./configure --enable-authnz-fcgi \
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| 142 | --enable-layout=BLFS \
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| 143 | --enable-mods-shared="all cgi" \
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| 144 | --enable-mpms-shared=all \
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| 145 | --enable-suexec=shared \
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| 146 | --with-apr=/usr/bin/apr-1-config \
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| 147 | --with-apr-util=/usr/bin/apu-1-config \
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| 148 | --with-suexec-bin=/usr/lib/httpd/suexec \
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| 149 | --with-suexec-caller=apache \
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| 150 | --with-suexec-docroot=/srv/www \
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| 151 | --with-suexec-logfile=/var/log/httpd/suexec.log \
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| 152 | --with-suexec-uidmin=100 \
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| 153 | --with-suexec-userdir=public_html &&
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| 154 | make</userinput></screen>
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| 155 |
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| 156 | <para>
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| 157 | This package does not come with a test suite.
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| 158 | </para>
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| 159 |
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| 160 | <para>
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| 161 | Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 162 | </para>
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| 163 |
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| 164 | <note>
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| 165 | <para>
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| 166 | This package does not install properly using <envar>DESTDIR</envar>
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| 167 | techniques as an unpriviledged user.
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| 168 | </para>
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| 169 | </note>
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| 170 |
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| 171 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install &&
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| 172 |
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| 173 | mv -v /usr/sbin/suexec /usr/lib/httpd/suexec &&
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| 174 | chgrp apache /usr/lib/httpd/suexec &&
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| 175 | chmod 4754 /usr/lib/httpd/suexec &&
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| 176 |
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| 177 | chown -v -R apache:apache /srv/www</userinput></screen>
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| 178 |
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| 179 | </sect2>
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| 180 |
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| 181 | <sect2 role="commands">
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| 182 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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| 183 |
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| 184 | <para>
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| 185 | <command>sed '/dir.*CFG_PREFIX/s@^@#@'...</command>: Forces the
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| 186 | <application>apxs</application> utility to use absolute pathnames for
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| 187 | modules, when instructed to do so.
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| 188 | </para>
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| 189 |
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| 190 | <para>
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| 191 | <parameter>--enable-authnz-fcgi</parameter>: Build FastCGI
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| 192 | authorizer-based authentication and authorization (mod_authnz_fcgi.so
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| 193 | fast CGI module).
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| 194 | </para>
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| 195 |
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| 196 | <para>
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| 197 | <parameter>--enable-mods-shared="all cgi"</parameter>: The modules should be
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| 198 | compiled and used as Dynamic Shared Objects (DSOs) so they can be included
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| 199 | and excluded from the server using the run-time configuration directives.
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| 200 | </para>
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| 201 |
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| 202 | <para>
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| 203 | <parameter>--enable-mpms-shared=all</parameter>: This switch ensures that
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| 204 | all MPM (Multi Processing Modules) are built as Dynamic Shared Objects
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| 205 | (DSOs), so the user can choose which one to use at runtime.
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| 206 | </para>
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| 207 |
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| 208 | <para>
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| 209 | <parameter>--enable-suexec</parameter>: This switch enables building of the
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| 210 | <application>Apache</application> suEXEC module which can be used to allow
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| 211 | users to run CGI and SSI scripts under user IDs different from the user ID
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| 212 | of the calling web server.
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| 213 | </para>
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| 214 |
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| 215 | <para>
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| 216 | <parameter>--with-suexec-*</parameter>: These switches control suEXEC module
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| 217 | behavior, such as default document root, minimal UID that can be used to
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| 218 | run the script under the suEXEC. Please note that with minimal UID 100, you
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| 219 | can't run CGI or SSI scripts under suEXEC as the
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| 220 | <systemitem class="username">apache</systemitem> user.
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| 221 | </para>
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| 222 |
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| 223 | <para>
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| 224 | <command>... /usr/lib/httpd/suexec</command>: These commands put
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| 225 | <command>suexec</command> wrapper into proper location, since it
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| 226 | is not meant to be run directly. They also adjust proper
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| 227 | permissions of the binary, making it setgid
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| 228 | <systemitem class="username">apache</systemitem>.
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| 229 | </para>
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| 230 |
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| 231 | <para>
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| 232 | <command>chown -R apache:apache /srv/www</command>: By default, the
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| 233 | installation process installs files (documentation, error messages,
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| 234 | default icons, etc.) with the ownership of the user that extracted the
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| 235 | files from the tar file. If you want to change the ownership to another
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| 236 | user, you should do so at this point. The only requirement is that the
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| 237 | document directories need to be accessible by the <command>httpd</command>
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| 238 | process with (r-x) permissions and files need to be readable (r--) by the
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| 239 | <systemitem class="username">apache</systemitem> user.
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| 240 | </para>
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| 241 |
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| 242 | </sect2>
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| 243 |
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| 244 | <sect2 role="configuration">
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| 245 | <title>Configuring Apache</title>
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| 246 |
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| 247 | <sect3 id="apache-config">
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| 248 | <title>Config Files</title>
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| 249 |
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| 250 | <para>
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| 251 | <filename>/etc/httpd/httpd.conf</filename> and
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| 252 | <filename>/etc/httpd/extra/*</filename>
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| 253 | </para>
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| 254 |
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| 255 | <indexterm zone="apache apache-config">
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| 256 | <primary sortas="e-etc-httpd-httpd.conf">/etc/httpd/httpd.conf</primary>
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| 257 | </indexterm>
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| 258 |
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| 259 | <indexterm zone="apache apache-config">
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| 260 | <primary sortas="e-etc-httpd-extra-star">/etc/httpd/extra/*</primary>
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| 261 | </indexterm>
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| 262 |
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| 263 | </sect3>
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| 264 |
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| 265 | <sect3>
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| 266 | <title>Configuration Information</title>
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| 267 |
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| 268 | <para>
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| 269 | See <ulink url="file:///usr/share/httpd/manual/configuring.html"/>
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| 270 | for detailed instructions on customising your
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| 271 | <application>Apache</application> HTTP server configuration file.
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| 272 | </para>
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| 273 |
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| 274 | </sect3>
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| 275 |
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| 276 | <sect3 id="httpd-init">
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| 277 | <title><phrase revision="sysv">Boot Script</phrase>
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| 278 | <phrase revision="systemd">Systemd Unit</phrase></title>
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| 279 |
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| 280 | <para>
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| 281 | If you want the <application>Apache</application> server to
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| 282 | start automatically when the system is booted, install the
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| 283 | <phrase revision="sysv"><filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd</filename>
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| 284 | init script</phrase>
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| 285 | <phrase revision="systemd"><filename>httpd.service</filename>
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| 286 | unit</phrase> included in the
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| 287 | <xref linkend="bootscripts" revision="sysv"/>
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| 288 | <xref linkend="systemd-units" revision="systemd"/> package:
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| 289 | </para>
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| 290 |
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| 291 | <indexterm zone="apache httpd-init">
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| 292 | <primary sortas="f-apache">apache</primary>
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| 293 | </indexterm>
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| 294 |
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| 295 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install-httpd</userinput></screen>
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| 296 |
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| 297 | </sect3>
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| 298 |
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| 299 | </sect2>
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| 300 |
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| 301 | <sect2 role="content">
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| 302 | <title>Contents</title>
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| 303 |
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| 304 | <segmentedlist>
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| 305 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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| 306 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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| 307 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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| 308 |
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| 309 | <seglistitem>
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| 310 | <seg>
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| 311 | ab, apachectl, apxs, checkgid, dbmmanage, fcgistarter,
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| 312 | htcacheclean, htdbm, htdigest, htpasswd, httpd,
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| 313 | httxt2dbm, logresolve, rotatelogs, and suexec
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| 314 | </seg>
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| 315 | <seg>
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| 316 | Several libraries under /usr/lib/httpd/modules/
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| 317 | </seg>
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| 318 | <seg>
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| 319 | /etc/httpd,
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| 320 | /srv/www,
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| 321 | /usr/include/httpd,
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| 322 | /usr/lib/httpd,
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| 323 | /usr/share/httpd,
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| 324 | /var/log/httpd, and
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| 325 | /var/run/httpd
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| 326 | </seg>
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| 327 | </seglistitem>
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| 328 | </segmentedlist>
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| 329 |
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| 330 | <variablelist>
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| 331 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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|---|
| 332 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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|---|
| 333 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
|---|
| 334 |
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| 335 | <varlistentry id="ab">
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| 336 | <term><command>ab</command></term>
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| 337 | <listitem>
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| 338 | <para>
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|---|
| 339 | is a tool for benchmarking your <application>Apache</application>
|
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| 340 | HTTP server
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| 341 | </para>
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| 342 | <indexterm zone="apache ab">
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| 343 | <primary sortas="b-ab">ab</primary>
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| 344 | </indexterm>
|
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| 345 | </listitem>
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| 346 | </varlistentry>
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| 347 |
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| 348 | <varlistentry id="apachectl">
|
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| 349 | <term><command>apachectl</command></term>
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| 350 | <listitem>
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| 351 | <para>
|
|---|
| 352 | is a front end to the <application>Apache</application> HTTP server
|
|---|
| 353 | which is designed to help the administrator control the functioning
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| 354 | of the <application>Apache</application> httpd daemon
|
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| 355 | </para>
|
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| 356 | <indexterm zone="apache apachectl">
|
|---|
| 357 | <primary sortas="b-apachectl">apachectl</primary>
|
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| 358 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 359 | </listitem>
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|---|
| 360 | </varlistentry>
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|---|
| 361 |
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| 362 | <varlistentry id="apxs">
|
|---|
| 363 | <term><command>apxs</command></term>
|
|---|
| 364 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 365 | <para>
|
|---|
| 366 | is a tool for building and installing extension modules for the
|
|---|
| 367 | <application>Apache</application> HTTP server
|
|---|
| 368 | </para>
|
|---|
| 369 | <indexterm zone="apache apxs">
|
|---|
| 370 | <primary sortas="b-apxs">apxs</primary>
|
|---|
| 371 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 372 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 373 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 374 |
|
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| 375 | <varlistentry id="checkgid">
|
|---|
| 376 | <term><command>checkgid</command></term>
|
|---|
| 377 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 378 | <para>
|
|---|
| 379 | is a program that checks whether it can setgid to the group
|
|---|
| 380 | specified. This is to see if it is a valid group for Apache2 to use
|
|---|
| 381 | at runtime. If the user (should be run as superuser) is in that
|
|---|
| 382 | group, or can setgid to it, it will return 0
|
|---|
| 383 | </para>
|
|---|
| 384 | <indexterm zone="apache checkgid">
|
|---|
| 385 | <primary sortas="b-checkgid">checkgid</primary>
|
|---|
| 386 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 387 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 388 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 389 |
|
|---|
| 390 | <varlistentry id="dbmmanage">
|
|---|
| 391 | <term><command>dbmmanage</command></term>
|
|---|
| 392 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 393 | <para>
|
|---|
| 394 | is used to create and update the DBM format files used to store
|
|---|
| 395 | usernames and passwords for basic authentication of HTTP users
|
|---|
| 396 | </para>
|
|---|
| 397 | <indexterm zone="apache dbmmanage">
|
|---|
| 398 | <primary sortas="b-dbmmanage">dbmmanage</primary>
|
|---|
| 399 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 400 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 401 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 402 |
|
|---|
| 403 | <varlistentry id="fcgistarter">
|
|---|
| 404 | <term><command>fcgistarter</command></term>
|
|---|
| 405 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 406 | <para>
|
|---|
| 407 | is a tool to start a FastCGI program
|
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| 408 | </para>
|
|---|
| 409 | <indexterm zone="apache fcgistarter">
|
|---|
| 410 | <primary sortas="b-fcgistarter">fcgistarter</primary>
|
|---|
| 411 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 412 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 413 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 414 |
|
|---|
| 415 | <varlistentry id="htcacheclean">
|
|---|
| 416 | <term><command>htcacheclean</command></term>
|
|---|
| 417 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 418 | <para>
|
|---|
| 419 | is used to clean up the disk cache
|
|---|
| 420 | </para>
|
|---|
| 421 | <indexterm zone="apache htcacheclean">
|
|---|
| 422 | <primary sortas="b-htcacheclean">htcacheclean</primary>
|
|---|
| 423 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 424 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 425 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 426 |
|
|---|
| 427 | <varlistentry id="htdbm">
|
|---|
| 428 | <term><command>htdbm</command></term>
|
|---|
| 429 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 430 | <para>
|
|---|
| 431 | is used to manipulate the DBM password databases
|
|---|
| 432 | </para>
|
|---|
| 433 | <indexterm zone="apache htdbm">
|
|---|
| 434 | <primary sortas="b-htdbm">htdbm</primary>
|
|---|
| 435 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 436 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 437 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 438 |
|
|---|
| 439 | <varlistentry id="htdigest">
|
|---|
| 440 | <term><command>htdigest</command></term>
|
|---|
| 441 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 442 | <para>
|
|---|
| 443 | is used to create and update the flat-files used to store usernames,
|
|---|
| 444 | realms and passwords for digest authentication of HTTP users
|
|---|
| 445 | </para>
|
|---|
| 446 | <indexterm zone="apache htdigest">
|
|---|
| 447 | <primary sortas="b-htdigest">htdigest</primary>
|
|---|
| 448 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 449 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 450 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 451 |
|
|---|
| 452 | <varlistentry id="htpasswd">
|
|---|
| 453 | <term><command>htpasswd</command></term>
|
|---|
| 454 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 455 | <para>
|
|---|
| 456 | is used to create and update the flat-files used to store usernames
|
|---|
| 457 | and passwords for basic authentication of HTTP users
|
|---|
| 458 | </para>
|
|---|
| 459 | <indexterm zone="apache htpasswd">
|
|---|
| 460 | <primary sortas="b-htpasswd">htpasswd</primary>
|
|---|
| 461 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 462 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 463 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 464 |
|
|---|
| 465 | <varlistentry id="httpd">
|
|---|
| 466 | <term><command>httpd</command></term>
|
|---|
| 467 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 468 | <para>
|
|---|
| 469 | is the <application>Apache</application> HTTP server program
|
|---|
| 470 | </para>
|
|---|
| 471 | <indexterm zone="apache httpd">
|
|---|
| 472 | <primary sortas="b-httpd">httpd</primary>
|
|---|
| 473 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 474 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 475 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 476 |
|
|---|
| 477 | <varlistentry id="httxt2dbm">
|
|---|
| 478 | <term><command>httxt2dbm</command></term>
|
|---|
| 479 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 480 | <para>
|
|---|
| 481 | is used to generate DBM files from text, for use in RewriteMap
|
|---|
| 482 | </para>
|
|---|
| 483 | <indexterm zone="apache httxt2dbm">
|
|---|
| 484 | <primary sortas="b-httxt2dbm">httxt2dbm</primary>
|
|---|
| 485 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 486 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 487 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 488 |
|
|---|
| 489 | <varlistentry id="logresolve">
|
|---|
| 490 | <term><command>logresolve</command></term>
|
|---|
| 491 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 492 | <para>
|
|---|
| 493 | is a post-processing program to resolve IP-addresses in
|
|---|
| 494 | <application>Apache</application>'s access log files
|
|---|
| 495 | </para>
|
|---|
| 496 | <indexterm zone="apache logresolve">
|
|---|
| 497 | <primary sortas="b-logresolve">logresolve</primary>
|
|---|
| 498 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 499 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 500 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 501 |
|
|---|
| 502 | <varlistentry id="rotatelogs">
|
|---|
| 503 | <term><command>rotatelogs</command></term>
|
|---|
| 504 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 505 | <para>
|
|---|
| 506 | is a simple program for use in conjunction with
|
|---|
| 507 | <application>Apache</application>'s piped log file feature
|
|---|
| 508 | </para>
|
|---|
| 509 | <indexterm zone="apache rotatelogs">
|
|---|
| 510 | <primary sortas="b-rotatelogs">rotatelogs</primary>
|
|---|
| 511 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 512 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 513 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 514 |
|
|---|
| 515 | <varlistentry id="suexec">
|
|---|
| 516 | <term><command>suexec</command></term>
|
|---|
| 517 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 518 | <para>
|
|---|
| 519 | allows users to run CGI and SSI applications as a different user
|
|---|
| 520 | </para>
|
|---|
| 521 | <indexterm zone="apache suexec">
|
|---|
| 522 | <primary sortas="b-suexec">suexec</primary>
|
|---|
| 523 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 524 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 525 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 526 |
|
|---|
| 527 | </variablelist>
|
|---|
| 528 |
|
|---|
| 529 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 530 |
|
|---|
| 531 | </sect1>
|
|---|
