source: server/major/nfs-utils.xml@ 0dfb754

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Last change on this file since 0dfb754 was 0dfb754, checked in by Randy McMurchy <randy@…>, 19 years ago

Standardized the creation of the nobody user (without a valid login shell) in the Postfix and NFS Utilities instructions

git-svn-id: svn://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/BLFS/trunk/BOOK@4547 af4574ff-66df-0310-9fd7-8a98e5e911e0

  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 14.6 KB
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6
7 <!ENTITY nfs-utils-download-http "http://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/nfs/nfs-utils-&nfs-utils-version;.tar.gz">
8 <!ENTITY nfs-utils-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/nfs/nfs-utils-&nfs-utils-version;.tar.gz">
9 <!ENTITY nfs-utils-md5sum "8f863120261cd572ad320a9152581e11">
10 <!ENTITY nfs-utils-size "396 KB">
11 <!ENTITY nfs-utils-buildsize "5.8 MB">
12 <!ENTITY nfs-utils-time "0.2 SBU">
13]>
14
15<sect1 id="nfs-utils" xreflabel="NFS Utilities-&nfs-utils-version;">
16 <?dbhtml filename="nfs-utils.html"?>
17
18 <sect1info>
19 <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
20 <date>$Date$</date>
21 </sect1info>
22
23 <title>NFS Utilities-&nfs-utils-version;</title>
24
25 <indexterm zone="nfs-utils">
26 <primary sortas="a-Nfs-utils">NFS Utilities</primary>
27 </indexterm>
28
29 <sect2 role="package">
30 <title>Introduction to NFS Utilities</title>
31
32 <para>The <application>NFS Utilities</application> package contains the
33 userspace server and client tools necessary to use the kernel's nfs
34 abilities. NFS is a protocol that allows sharing file systems over the
35 network.</para>
36
37 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package information</bridgehead>
38 <itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
39 <listitem>
40 <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&nfs-utils-download-http;"/></para>
41 </listitem>
42 <listitem>
43 <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&nfs-utils-download-ftp;"/></para>
44 </listitem>
45 <listitem>
46 <para>Download MD5 sum: &nfs-utils-md5sum;</para>
47 </listitem>
48 <listitem>
49 <para>Download size: &nfs-utils-size;</para>
50 </listitem>
51 <listitem>
52 <para>Estimated disk space required: &nfs-utils-buildsize;</para>
53 </listitem>
54 <listitem>
55 <para>Estimated build time: &nfs-utils-time;</para>
56 </listitem>
57 </itemizedlist>
58
59 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">NFS Utilities Dependencies</bridgehead>
60
61 <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
62 <para><xref linkend="portmap"/></para>
63
64 <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
65 <para><ulink url="http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent/">libevent</ulink>
66 and <ulink
67 url="http://www.citi.umich.edu/projects/nfsv4/linux/libnfsidmap/">libnsfidmap</ulink>
68 for nfsv4 support, and <xref linkend="mitkrb"/> or <xref linkend="heimdal"/>
69 for gss (RPC Security) support.</para>
70
71 </sect2>
72
73 <sect2 role="kernel" id='nfs-utils-kernel'>
74 <title>Kernel Configuration</title>
75
76 <para>Enable the following options in the kernel configuration
77 and recompile the kernel if neccessary:</para>
78
79<screen><literal>File systems:
80 Network File Systems:
81 NFS File System Support: M or Y
82 NFS Server Support: M or Y</literal></screen>
83
84 <para>Select the appropriate sub-options that appear when the above options
85 are selected.</para>
86
87 <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-kernel">
88 <primary sortas="d-nfs-utils">NFS Utilities</primary>
89 </indexterm>
90
91 </sect2>
92
93 <sect2 role="installation" id='nfs-utils-install' xreflabel='NFS Utilities Installation'>
94 <title>Installation of NFS Utilities</title>
95
96 <para>Before you compile the program, you need to be sure the
97 <systemitem class="username">nobody</systemitem> user and
98 <systemitem class="groupname">nogroup</systemitem> group are available.
99 You can add these by running the following commands as the
100 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
101
102<screen role="root"><userinput>groupadd -g 99 nogroup &amp;&amp;
103useradd -c "Unprivileged Nobody" -d /dev/null -g nogroup \
104 -s /bin/false -u 99 nobody</userinput></screen>
105
106 <note>
107 <para>The classic uid and gid values are 65534 which is also -2 when
108 interpreted as a signed 16-bit number. These values impact other files
109 on some filesystems that do not have support for sparse files. The
110 <systemitem class="username">nobody</systemitem> and <systemitem
111 class="groupname">nogroup</systemitem> values are relatively arbitrary.
112 The impact on a server is nil if the exports file is configured
113 correctly. If it is misconfigured, the <command>ls -l</command> or
114 <command>ps</command> listing will show a uid or gid number of 65534
115 instead of a name. The client uses <systemitem
116 class="username">nobody</systemitem> only as the user running
117 <command>rpc.statd</command>.</para>
118 </note>
119
120 <para>Install <application>NFS Utilities</application> by running
121 the following commands:</para>
122
123<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc \
124 --disable-nfsv4 --disable-gss &amp;&amp;
125make</userinput></screen>
126
127 <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
128
129<screen role='root'><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
130
131 <note>
132 <para>If your <filename class="directory">/usr</filename> directory
133 is NFS mounted, you should install the executables in
134 <filename class="directory">/sbin</filename> by passing
135 an additional parameter <option>--sbindir=/sbin</option> to the
136 above <command>./configure</command> command.</para>
137 </note>
138
139 </sect2>
140
141 <sect2 role="commands">
142 <title>Command Explanations</title>
143
144 <para><parameter>--disable-nfsv4</parameter>: Disables support
145 for NFS Version 4.</para>
146
147 <para><parameter>--disable-gss</parameter>: Disables support for
148 RPCSEC GSS (RPC Security).</para>
149
150 </sect2>
151
152 <sect2 role="configuration">
153 <title>Configuring NFS Utilities</title>
154
155 <sect3 id='nfs-utils-server-config'>
156 <title>Server Configuration</title>
157
158 <para><filename>/etc/exports</filename> contains the exported directories
159 on NFS servers. Refer to the exports manual page for the syntax of this
160 file. Also refer to the "NFS HowTo" available at <ulink
161 url="http://nfs.sourceforge.net/nfs-howto/"/> on how to configure the
162 servers and clients in a secure manner. For example, for sharing the
163 <filename class="directory">/home</filename> directory over the local
164 network, the following line may be added:</para>
165
166<screen role="root"><userinput>/home 192.168.0.0/255.255.255.0(rw,anonuid=99,anongid=99)</userinput></screen>
167
168 <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-server-config">
169 <primary sortas="e-etc-exportfs">/etc/exportfs</primary>
170 </indexterm>
171
172 <sect4 id="nfs-utils-server-init">
173 <title>Boot Script</title>
174
175 <para>Install the <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/nfs-server</filename>
176 init script included in the <xref
177 linkend="intro-important-bootscripts"/> package to start the server
178 at boot.</para>
179
180<screen role="root"><userinput>make install-nfs-server</userinput></screen>
181
182 <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-server-init">
183 <primary sortas="f-nfs-server">nfs-server</primary>
184 </indexterm>
185
186 <para>Now create the <filename>/etc/sysconfig/nfs-server</filename>
187 configuration file:</para>
188
189<screen role="root"><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/sysconfig/nfs-server &lt;&lt; "EOF"
190<literal>PORT="2049"
191PROCESSES="8"
192QUOTAS="no"
193KILLDELAY="10"</literal>
194EOF</userinput></screen>
195
196 <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-server-init">
197 <primary
198 sortas="e-etc-sysconfig-nfs-server">/etc/sysconfig/nfs-server</primary>
199 </indexterm>
200
201 </sect4>
202
203 </sect3>
204
205 <sect3 id='nfs-utils-client-config'>
206 <title>Client Configuration</title>
207
208 <para><filename>/etc/fstab</filename> contains the directories that
209 are to be mounted on the client. Alternately the partitions can be
210 mounted by using the <command>mount</command> command with the proper
211 options. To mount the <filename class="directory">/home</filename>
212 and <filename class="directory">/usr</filename> partitions, add the
213 following to the <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>:</para>
214
215<screen role="root"><userinput>&lt;server-name&gt;:/home /home nfs rw,_netdev,rsize=8192,wsize=8192 0 0
216&lt;server-name&gt;:/usr /usr nfs ro,_netdev,rsize=8192 0 0</userinput></screen>
217
218 <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-client-config">
219 <primary sortas="e-etc-fstab">/etc/fstab</primary>
220 </indexterm>
221
222 <sect4 id="nfs-utils-client-init">
223 <title>Boot Script</title>
224
225
226 <para>Install the <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/nfs-client</filename>
227 init script included in the
228 <xref linkend="intro-important-bootscripts"/> package to
229 start the client services at boot.</para>
230
231<screen role="root"><userinput>make install-nfs-client</userinput></screen>
232
233 <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-client-config">
234 <primary sortas="f-nfs-client">nfs-client</primary>
235 </indexterm>
236
237 <para>To automatically mount <systemitem
238 class="filesystem">nfs</systemitem> filesystems, clients will also
239 need to install the <filename>netfs</filename> bootscript as described
240 in <xref linkend='postlfs-config-netfs'/>.</para>
241
242 <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-client-config">
243 <primary sortas="f-netfs">netfs</primary>
244 </indexterm>
245
246 </sect4>
247
248 </sect3>
249
250 </sect2>
251
252 <sect2 role="content">
253 <title>Contents</title>
254 <segmentedlist>
255 <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
256 <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
257 <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
258
259 <seglistitem>
260 <seg>exportfs, nfsstat, nhfsgraph, nhfsnums, nhfsrun, nhfsstone,
261 rpc.lockd, rpc.mountd, rpc.nfsd, rpc.rquotad, rpc.statd,
262 and showmount</seg>
263 <seg>None</seg>
264 <seg>/var/lib/nfs</seg>
265 </seglistitem>
266 </segmentedlist>
267
268 <variablelist>
269 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
270 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
271 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
272
273 <varlistentry id="exportfs">
274 <term><command>exportfs</command></term>
275 <listitem>
276 <para>maintains a list of NFS exported file systems.</para>
277 <indexterm zone="nfs-utils exportfs">
278 <primary sortas="b-exportfs">exportfs</primary>
279 </indexterm>
280 </listitem>
281 </varlistentry>
282
283 <varlistentry id="nfsstat">
284 <term><command>nfsstat</command></term>
285 <listitem>
286 <para>prints NFS statistics.</para>
287 <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfsstat">
288 <primary sortas="b-nfsstat">nfsstat</primary>
289 </indexterm>
290 </listitem>
291 </varlistentry>
292
293 <varlistentry id="nhfsgraph">
294 <term><command>nhfsgraph</command></term>
295 <listitem>
296 <para>runs <command>nhfsstone</command> over multiple loads.</para>
297 <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nhfsgraph">
298 <primary sortas="b-nhfsgraph">nhfsgraph</primary>
299 </indexterm>
300 </listitem>
301 </varlistentry>
302
303 <varlistentry id="nhfsnums">
304 <term><command>nhfsnums</command></term>
305 <listitem>
306 <para>converts raw numbers from <command>nhfsstone</command>
307 output into plot format.</para>
308 <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nhfsnums">
309 <primary sortas="b-nhfsnums">nhfsnums</primary>
310 </indexterm>
311 </listitem>
312 </varlistentry>
313
314 <varlistentry id="nhfsrun">
315 <term><command>nhfsrun</command></term>
316 <listitem>
317 <para>executes <command>nhfsstone</command> with a range of
318 different loads.</para>
319 <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nhfsrun">
320 <primary sortas="b-nhfsrun">nhfsrun</primary>
321 </indexterm>
322 </listitem>
323 </varlistentry>
324
325 <varlistentry id="nhfsstone">
326 <term><command>nhfsstone</command></term>
327 <listitem>
328 <para>is used on a NFS client to generate an artificial load
329 with a particular mix of NFS operations.</para>
330 <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nhfsstone">
331 <primary sortas="b-nhfsstone">nhfsstone</primary>
332 </indexterm>
333 </listitem>
334 </varlistentry>
335
336 <varlistentry id="rpclockd">
337 <term><command>rpc.lockd</command></term>
338 <listitem>
339 <para>starts the NFS lock manager (NLM) on kernels that don't
340 start it automatically. However, since most kernels do start it
341 automatically it is usually not required.</para>
342 <indexterm zone="nfs-utils rpclockd">
343 <primary sortas="b-rpclockd">rpc.lockd</primary>
344 </indexterm>
345 </listitem>
346 </varlistentry>
347
348 <varlistentry id="rpcmountd">
349 <term><command>rpc.mountd</command></term>
350 <listitem>
351 <para>implements the NFS mount protocol on an NFS server.</para>
352 <indexterm zone="nfs-utils rpcmountd">
353 <primary sortas="b-rpcmountd">rpc.mountd</primary>
354 </indexterm>
355 </listitem>
356 </varlistentry>
357
358 <varlistentry id="rpcnfsd">
359 <term><command>rpc.nfsd</command></term>
360 <listitem>
361 <para>implements the user level part of the NFS
362 service on the server.</para>
363 <indexterm zone="nfs-utils rpcnfsd">
364 <primary sortas="b-rpcnfsd">rpc.nfsd</primary>
365 </indexterm>
366 </listitem>
367 </varlistentry>
368
369 <varlistentry id="rpcrquotad">
370 <term><command>rpc.rquotad</command></term>
371 <listitem>
372 <para>is an rpc server which returns quotas for a user of a
373 local file system which is mounted by a remote machine over
374 the NFS.</para>
375 <indexterm zone="nfs-utils rpcrquotad">
376 <primary sortas="b-rpcrquotad">rpc.rquotad</primary>
377 </indexterm>
378 </listitem>
379 </varlistentry>
380
381 <varlistentry id="rpcstatd">
382 <term><command>rpc.statd</command></term>
383 <listitem>
384 <para>is used by the NFS file locking service,
385 <command>rpc.lockd</command>, to implement lock recovery when
386 the NFS server machine crashes and reboots. Runs on the NFS
387 server only.</para>
388 <indexterm zone="nfs-utils rpcstatd">
389 <primary sortas="b-rpcstatd">rpc.statd</primary>
390 </indexterm>
391 </listitem>
392 </varlistentry>
393
394 <varlistentry id="showmount">
395 <term><command>showmount</command></term>
396 <listitem>
397 <para>displays mount information for an NFS server.</para>
398 <indexterm zone="nfs-utils showmount">
399 <primary sortas="b-showmount">showmount</primary>
400 </indexterm>
401 </listitem>
402 </varlistentry>
403
404 </variablelist>
405
406 </sect2>
407
408</sect1>
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