source: server/major/nfs-utils.xml@ d3761424

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
  %general-entities;

  <!ENTITY nfs-utils-download-http "http://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/nfs/nfs-utils-&nfs-utils-version;.tar.gz">
  <!ENTITY nfs-utils-download-ftp  "ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/nfs/nfs-utils-&nfs-utils-version;.tar.gz">
  <!ENTITY nfs-utils-md5sum        "407785488241f9db67b1874e3f36370e">
  <!ENTITY nfs-utils-size          "785 KB">
  <!ENTITY nfs-utils-buildsize     "8.2 MB">
  <!ENTITY nfs-utils-time          "0.2 SBU">
]>

<sect1 id="nfs-utils" xreflabel="NFS Utilities-&nfs-utils-version;">
  <?dbhtml filename="nfs-utils.html"?>

  <sect1info>
    <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
    <date>$Date$</date>
  </sect1info>

  <title>NFS Utilities-&nfs-utils-version;</title>

  <indexterm zone="nfs-utils">
    <primary sortas="a-Nfs-utils">NFS Utilities</primary>
  </indexterm>

  <sect2 role="package">
    <title>Introduction to NFS Utilities</title>

    <para>The <application>NFS Utilities</application> package contains the
    userspace server and client tools necessary to use the kernel's NFS
    abilities. NFS is a protocol that allows sharing file systems over the
    network.</para>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package information</bridgehead>
    <itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
      <listitem>
        <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&nfs-utils-download-http;"/></para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&nfs-utils-download-ftp;"/></para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Download MD5 sum: &nfs-utils-md5sum;</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Download size: &nfs-utils-size;</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Estimated disk space required: &nfs-utils-buildsize;</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Estimated build time: &nfs-utils-time;</para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <!--
    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
    <itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
      <listitem>
        <para>Required patch: <ulink
        url="&patch-root;/nfs-utils-&nfs-utils-version;-gcc4-1.patch"/></para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    -->

    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">NFS Utilities Dependencies</bridgehead>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
    <para role="required"><xref linkend="portmap"/> (Runtime dependency)</para>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional for NFSv4 Support</bridgehead>
    <para role="optional"><xref linkend="pkgconfig"/> and
    <ulink url="http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent/">libevent</ulink> and
    <ulink url="http://www.citi.umich.edu/projects/nfsv4/linux/">libnsfidmap</ulink>
    </para>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional for GSS (RPC Security) Support</bridgehead>
    <para role="optional"><xref linkend="pkgconfig"/>, and
    <xref linkend="mitkrb"/> or
    <xref linkend="heimdal"/> or
    <ulink url="http://www.citi.umich.edu/projects/nfsv4/linux/">libgssapi</ulink>, and
    <ulink url="http://www.citi.umich.edu/projects/nfsv4/linux/">librpcsecgss</ulink>;
    for additional SPKM-3 support, install
    <ulink url="http://www.citi.umich.edu/projects/nfsv4/linux/">SPKM-3</ulink></para>

    <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
    <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/nfs-utils"/></para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="kernel" id='nfs-utils-kernel'>
    <title>Kernel Configuration</title>

    <para>Enable the following options in the kernel configuration
    and recompile the kernel if necessary:</para>

<screen><literal>File systems:
  Network File Systems:
    NFS File System Support: M or Y
    NFS Server Support: M or Y</literal></screen>

    <para>Select the appropriate sub-options that appear when the above options
    are selected.</para>

    <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-kernel">
      <primary sortas="d-nfs-utils">NFS Utilities</primary>
    </indexterm>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="installation" id='nfs-utils-install'
         xreflabel='NFS Utilities Installation'>
    <title>Installation of NFS Utilities</title>

    <para>Before you compile the program, ensure that the
    <systemitem class="username">nobody</systemitem> user and
    <systemitem class="groupname">nogroup</systemitem> group have been
    created. You can add them by running the following commands as the
    <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>groupadd -g 99 nogroup &amp;&amp;
useradd -c "Unprivileged Nobody" -d /dev/null -g nogroup \
    -s /bin/false -u 99 nobody</userinput></screen>

    <note>
      <para>The classic uid and gid values are 65534 which is also -2 when
      interpreted as a signed 16-bit number.  These values impact other files
      on some filesystems that do not have support for sparse files.  The
      <systemitem class="username">nobody</systemitem> and <systemitem
      class="groupname">nogroup</systemitem> values are relatively arbitrary.
      The impact on a server is nil if the <filename>exports</filename> file
      is configured correctly. If it is misconfigured, an
      <command>ls -l</command> or <command>ps</command> listing will show a
      uid or gid number of 65534 instead of a name. The client uses <systemitem
      class="username">nobody</systemitem> only as the user running
      <command>rpc.statd</command>.</para>
    </note>

    <para>Install <application>NFS Utilities</application> by running
    the following commands:</para>

<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr \
            --sysconfdir=/etc \
            --disable-nfsv4 \
            --disable-gss &amp;&amp;
make</userinput></screen>

    <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>

    <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>

    <note>
      <para>If your <filename class="directory">/usr</filename> directory
      is NFS mounted, you should install the executables in
      <filename class="directory">/sbin</filename> by passing
      an additional parameter <option>--sbindir=/sbin</option> to the
      above <command>./configure</command> command.</para>
    </note>

<screen role='root'><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="commands">
    <title>Command Explanations</title>

    <para><parameter>--disable-nfsv4</parameter>: Disables support
    for NFS version 4.</para>

    <para><parameter>--disable-gss</parameter>: Disables support for
    RPCSEC GSS (RPC Security).</para>

    <para><option>--with-tcp-wrappers</option>: Use this option to enable
    tcpwrappers support.</para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="configuration">
    <title>Configuring NFS Utilities</title>

    <sect3 id='nfs-utils-server-config'>
      <title>Server Configuration</title>

      <para><filename>/etc/exports</filename> contains the exported directories
      on NFS servers. Refer to the <filename>exports.5</filename> manual page
      for the syntax of this file. Also refer to the "NFS HowTo" available at
      <ulink url="http://nfs.sourceforge.net/nfs-howto/"/> for information on
      how to configure the servers and clients in a secure manner. For example,
      for sharing the <filename class="directory">/home</filename> directory
      over the local network, the following line may be added:</para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>/home <replaceable>&lt;192.168.0.0/255.255.255.0&gt;</replaceable>(rw,subtree_check,anonuid=99,anongid=99)</userinput></screen>

      <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-server-config">
        <primary sortas="e-etc-exportfs">/etc/exportfs</primary>
      </indexterm>

      <sect4 id="nfs-utils-server-init">
        <title>Boot Script</title>

        <para>Install the <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/nfs-server</filename>
        init script included in the <xref
        linkend="bootscripts"/> package to start the server
        at boot.</para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>make install-nfs-server</userinput></screen>

        <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-server-init">
          <primary sortas="f-nfs-server">nfs-server</primary>
        </indexterm>

        <para>Now create the <filename>/etc/sysconfig/nfs-server</filename>
        configuration file:</para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/sysconfig/nfs-server &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>PORT="2049"
PROCESSES="8"
QUOTAS="no"
KILLDELAY="10"</literal>
EOF</userinput></screen>

        <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-server-init">
          <primary
          sortas="e-etc-sysconfig-nfs-server">/etc/sysconfig/nfs-server</primary>
        </indexterm>

      </sect4>

      <sect4 id="nfs-utils-server-wrappers-support">
        <title>tcpwrappers Configuration</title>

        <para>If you enabled support for <application>tcpwrappers</application>,
        ensure you have an entry in the <filename>/etc/hosts.allow</filename>
        file for access from the <command>portmap</command> daemon if you have a
        restrictive <filename>/etc/hosts.deny</filename> file.</para>

      </sect4>

    </sect3>

    <sect3 id='nfs-utils-client-config'>
      <title>Client Configuration</title>

      <para><filename>/etc/fstab</filename> contains the directories that
      are to be mounted on the client. Alternately the partitions can be
      mounted by using the <command>mount</command> command with the proper
      options. To mount the <filename class="directory">/home</filename>
      and <filename class="directory">/usr</filename> partitions, add the
      following to the <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>:</para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>&lt;server-name&gt;:/home  /home nfs   rw,_netdev,rsize=8192,wsize=8192 0 0
&lt;server-name&gt;:/usr   /usr  nfs   ro,_netdev,rsize=8192            0 0</userinput></screen>

      <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-client-config">
        <primary sortas="e-etc-fstab">/etc/fstab</primary>
      </indexterm>

      <sect4  id="nfs-utils-client-init">
        <title>Boot Script</title>

        <para>Install the <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/nfs-client</filename>
        init script included in the
        <xref linkend="bootscripts"/> package to
        start the client services at boot.</para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>make install-nfs-client</userinput></screen>

        <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-client-config">
          <primary sortas="f-nfs-client">nfs-client</primary>
        </indexterm>

        <para>To automatically mount <systemitem
        class="filesystem">nfs</systemitem> filesystems, clients will also
        need to install the <filename>netfs</filename> bootscript as described
        in <xref linkend='postlfs-config-netfs'/>.</para>

        <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-client-config">
          <primary sortas="f-netfs">netfs</primary>
        </indexterm>

      </sect4>

    </sect3>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="content">
    <title>Contents</title>
    <segmentedlist>
      <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>

      <seglistitem>
        <seg>exportfs, nfsstat, rpc.mountd, rpc.nfsd, rpc.statd, rpcdebug,
        showmount, sm-notify, and start-statd</seg>
        <seg>None</seg>
        <seg>/var/lib/nfs</seg>
      </seglistitem>
    </segmentedlist>

    <variablelist>
      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>

      <varlistentry id="exportfs">
        <term><command>exportfs</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>maintains a list of NFS exported file systems.</para>
          <indexterm zone="nfs-utils exportfs">
            <primary sortas="b-exportfs">exportfs</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="nfsstat">
        <term><command>nfsstat</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>prints NFS statistics.</para>
          <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfsstat">
            <primary sortas="b-nfsstat">nfsstat</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="rpcmountd">
        <term><command>rpc.mountd</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>implements the NFS mount protocol on an NFS server.</para>
          <indexterm zone="nfs-utils rpcmountd">
            <primary sortas="b-rpcmountd">rpc.mountd</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="rpcnfsd">
        <term><command>rpc.nfsd</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>implements the user level part of the NFS
          service on the server.</para>
          <indexterm zone="nfs-utils rpcnfsd">
            <primary sortas="b-rpcnfsd">rpc.nfsd</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="rpcstatd">
        <term><command>rpc.statd</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>is used by the NFS file locking service,
          <command>rpc.lockd</command>, to implement lock recovery when
          the NFS server machine crashes and reboots. Runs on the NFS
          server only.</para>
          <indexterm zone="nfs-utils rpcstatd">
            <primary sortas="b-rpcstatd">rpc.statd</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="rpcdebug">
        <term><command>rpcdebug</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>sets or clears the kernel's NFS client and server debug flags.
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="nfs-utils rpcdebug">
            <primary sortas="b-rpcdebug">rpcdebug</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="showmount">
        <term><command>showmount</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>displays mount information for an NFS server.</para>
          <indexterm zone="nfs-utils showmount">
            <primary sortas="b-showmount">showmount</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="sm-notify">
        <term><command>sm-notify</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>is used to send Network Status Monitor reboot messages.</para>
          <indexterm zone="nfs-utils sm-notify">
            <primary sortas="b-sm-notify">sm-notify</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="start-statd">
        <term><command>start-statd</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>is a script called by nfsmount when mounting a filesystem with
          locking enabled, if statd does not appear to be running. It can be
          customised with whatever flags are appropriate for the site.</para>
          <indexterm zone="nfs-utils start-statd">
            <primary sortas="b-start-statd">start-statd</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

    </variablelist>

  </sect2>

</sect1>