source: server/other/bind/bind-config.xml@ d815ae3

<sect2>
<title>Configuring BIND</title>
<para>We will configure BIND to run in a chroot jail as an unprivileged
user(named).  This configuration is more secure in that a DNS
compromise can only affect a few files in the named user's $HOME
directory </para> 

<para>First we set up some files and directories needed by
BIND:</para>
<para><screen><userinput>
groupadd -g 200 named &amp;&amp;
useradd -m -g named -u 200 -s /bin/false named &amp;&amp;
cd /home/named &amp;&amp;
mkdir -p dev etc/namedb/slave var/run &amp;&amp;
mknod /home/named/dev/null c 1 3 &amp;&amp;
mknod /home/named/dev/random c 1 8 &amp;&amp;
chmod 666 /home/named/dev/{null,random} &amp;&amp;
mkdir /home/named/etc/namedb/pz &amp;&amp;
cp /etc/localtime /home/named/etc
</userinput></screen></para>

<sect3><title>Config files</title>
<para><userinput>named.conf, root.hints, 127.0.0, rndc.conf
</userinput></para>

<para>Create the named.conf file with the following commands:</para>
<para><screen><userinput>
cat > /home/named/etc/named.conf << "EOF"
 options {
     directory "/etc/namedb";
    pid-file "/var/run/named.pid";
    statistics-file "/var/run/named.stats";
       
 };
 controls {
     inet 127.0.0.1 allow { localhost; } keys { rndc_key; };
 };
 key "rndc_key" {
     algorithm hmac-md5;
     secret "c3Ryb25nIGVub3VnaCBmb3IgYSBtYW4gYnV0IG1hZGUgZm9yIGEgd29tYW4K";
 };
 zone "." {
     type hint;
     file "root.hints";
 };
 zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" {
     type master;
     file "pz/127.0.0";
 };
EOF
</userinput></screen></para>
<para>Create a zone file with the following contents: </para>
<para><screen><userinput>
cat &gt; /home/named/etc/namedb/pz/127.0.0 &lt;&lt "EOF"
$TTL 3D
@      IN      SOA     ns.local.domain. hostmaster.local.domain. (
                        1       ; Serial
                        8H      ; Refresh
                        2H      ; Retry
                        4W      ; Expire
                        1D)     ; Minimum TTL
                NS      ns.local.domain.
1               PTR     localhost.
EOF
</userinput></screen></para>

<para>Create the root.hints file with the following commands: </para>
<note><para>Caution must be used to insure no leading spaces in this
file.</para></note>
<para><screen><userinput>
cat > /home/named/etc/namedb/root.hints << "EOF"
.                       6D  IN      NS      A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
.                       6D  IN      NS      B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
.                       6D  IN      NS      C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
.                       6D  IN      NS      D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
.                       6D  IN      NS      E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
.                       6D  IN      NS      F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
.                       6D  IN      NS      G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
.                       6D  IN      NS      H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
.                       6D  IN      NS      I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
.                       6D  IN      NS      J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
.                       6D  IN      NS      K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
.                       6D  IN      NS      L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
.                       6D  IN      NS      M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       198.41.0.4
B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       128.9.0.107
C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       192.33.4.12
D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       128.8.10.90
E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       192.203.230.10
F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       192.5.5.241
G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       192.112.36.4
H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       128.63.2.53
I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       192.36.148.17
J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       198.41.0.10
K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       193.0.14.129
L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       198.32.64.12
M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       202.12.27.33
EOF
</userinput></screen></para>

<para>Create the rndc.conf with the following commands:</para>
<para><screen><userinput>
cat > /etc/rndc.conf << "EOF"
key rndc_key {
algorithm "hmac-md5";
    secret
    "c3Ryb25nIGVub3VnaCBmb3IgYSBtYW4gYnV0IG1hZGUgZm9yIGEgd29tYW4K";
    };
options {
    default-server localhost;
    default-key    rndc_key;
};
EOF
</userinput></screen></para>

<para>Create or modify resolv.conf to use the new nameserver with the
following commands: </para>
<note><para>Replace yourdomain.com with your own valid domain
name.</para></note>

<para><screen><userinput>
cp /etc/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf.bak
cat > /etc/resolv.conf << "EOF"
search yourdomain.com
nameserver 127.0.0.1
EOF
</userinput></screen></para>

<para>Set permissions on the chroot jail with the following
command:</para>
<para><screen><userinput>
chown -R named.named /home/named
</userinput></screen></para>

<para>Create the BIND boot script:</para>
<para><screen><userinput>
cat &gt; /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind &lt;&lt; "EOF"
#!/bin/bash
# Begin $rc_base/init.d/bind
# Based on sysklogd script from LFS-3.1 and earlier.
# Rewritten by Gerard Beekmans  - gerard@linuxfromscratch.org
source /etc/sysconfig/rc
source $rc_functions
case "$1" in
        start)
                echo "Starting named..."
                loadproc /usr/sbin/named -u named -t /home/named -c \
                        /etc/named.conf
                ;;
        stop)
                echo "Stopping named..."
                killproc /usr/sbin/named
                ;;
        restart)
                $0 stop
                sleep 1
                $0 start
                ;;
   reload)
                echo "Reloading named..."
                /usr/sbin/rndc -c /etc/rndc.conf reload
                ;;
                                        
        status)
                statusproc /usr/sbin/named
                ;;
        *)
                echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|status}"
                exit 1
                ;;
esac
# End $rc_base/init.d/bind
EOF
</userinput></screen></para>

<para>Add the run level symlinks:</para>
<para><screen><userinput>
chmod 754 /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind &&
ln -s  /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc0.d/K49bind &&
ln -s  /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc1.d/K49bind &&
ln -s  /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc2.d/K49bind &&
ln -s  /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/S22bind &&
ln -s  /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc4.d/S22bind &&
ln -s  /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc5.d/S22bind &&
ln -s  /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc6.d/K49bind
</userinput></screen></para>

<para>Now start BIND with the new boot script: </para>
<para><screen><userinput>
/etc/rc.d/init.d/bind start
</userinput></screen></para></sect3>

<sect3><title>Testing BIND</title>
<para>Test out the new BIND 9 installation.  First query the local
host address with dig:</para>
<para><screen><userinput>
dig -x 127.0.0.1
</userinput></screen></para>
<para>Now try an external name lookup, taking note of the speed
difference in repeated lookups due to the caching.  Run the dig
command twice on the same address:</para>
<para><screen><userinput>
dig beyond.linuxfromscratch.org &amp;&amp;
dig beyond.linuxfromscratch.org
</userinput></screen>
You can see almost instantaneous results with the named caching
lookups.  Consult bind-&bind-version;/doc/arm/Bv9ARM.html, the BIND
Administrator Reference Manual for further configuration options.
</para></sect3>
</sect2>