source: server/other/samba3.xml@ 3616dc5

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN"
   "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
  %general-entities;

<!ENTITY samba3-download-http "http://us1.samba.org/samba/ftp/samba-&samba3-version;.tar.gz">
<!ENTITY samba3-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.samba.org/pub/samba/samba-&samba3-version;.tar.gz">
<!ENTITY samba3-size "15.1 MB">
<!ENTITY samba3-buildsize "141 MB">
<!ENTITY samba3-time "2.11 SBU">
]>

<sect1 id="samba3" xreflabel="Samba-&samba3-version;">
<sect1info>
<othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
<date>$Date$</date>
</sect1info>
<?dbhtml filename="samba3.html"?>
<title>Samba-&samba3-version;</title>

<sect2>
<title>Introduction to <application>Samba</application></title>

<para>The <application>Samba</application> package provides file and print 
services to <acronym>SMB</acronym>/<acronym>CIFS</acronym> clients and
Windows networking to Linux clients. <application>Samba</application> can also 
be configured as a Windows NT 4.0 Domain Controller replacement 
(with caveats working with NT <acronym>PDC</acronym>'s and 
<acronym>BDC</acronym>'s), a file/print server acting as a member of a 
Windows NT 4.0 or Active Directory domain and a NetBIOS (rfc1001/1002) 
nameserver (which amongst other things provides 
<acronym>LAN</acronym> browsing support).</para>

<sect3><title>Package information</title>
<itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
<listitem><para>Download (HTTP): 
<ulink url="&samba3-download-http;"/></para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Download (FTP): 
<ulink url="&samba3-download-ftp;"/></para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Download size: 
&samba3-size;</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Estimated disk space required: 
&samba3-buildsize;</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Estimated build time: 
&samba3-time;</para></listitem></itemizedlist>
</sect3>

<sect3>
<title><application>Samba</application> dependencies</title>
<sect4>
<title>Optional</title>
<para><xref linkend="popt"/>, 
<xref linkend="Linux_PAM"/>,
<xref linkend="openldap"/>,
<xref linkend="cups"/>,
<xref linkend="heimdal"/> or <xref linkend="mitkrb"/>,
<xref linkend="libxml2"/>,
<xref linkend="mysql"/> or <xref linkend="postgresql"/>,
<xref linkend="python"/>, 
<xref linkend="xinetd"/>, 
<ulink url="http://valgrind.kde.org/">Valgrind</ulink> and 
<xref linkend="stunnel"/> (used to encrypt access to SWAT)</para>
</sect4>
</sect3>

</sect2>

<sect2>
<title>Installation of <application>Samba</application></title>

<para>Install <application>Samba</application> by running the following 
commands:</para>

<screen><userinput><command>cd source &amp;&amp;
install -d /var/cache/samba &amp;&amp;
./configure \
    --prefix=/usr \
    --sysconfdir=/etc \
    --localstatedir=/var \
    --with-piddir=/var/run \
    --with-fhs \
    --with-smbmount &amp;&amp;
make &amp;&amp;
make install &amp;&amp;
mv /usr/lib/samba/libsmbclient.so /usr/lib &amp;&amp;
ln -sf ../libsmbclient.so /usr/lib/samba &amp;&amp;
chmod 644 /usr/include/libsmbclient.h \
          /usr/lib/samba/libsmbclient.a &amp;&amp;
install -m755 nsswitch/libnss_win{s,bind}.so /lib &amp;&amp;
ln -sf libnss_winbind.so /lib/libnss_winbind.so.2 &amp;&amp;
ln -sf libnss_wins.so /lib/libnss_wins.so.2 &amp;&amp;
cp ../examples/smb.conf.default /etc/samba &amp;&amp;
install -m644 ../docs/*.pdf /usr/share/samba &amp;&amp;
if [ -f nsswitch/pam_winbind.so ]; then 
    install -m755 nsswitch/pam_winbind.so /lib/security
fi</command></userinput></screen>

<note><para>You may want to run <command>configure</command> with the
<parameter>--help</parameter> parameter.  There may be other parameters 
needed to take advantage of the optional dependencies.</para></note>

</sect2>

<sect2>
<title>Command explanations</title>

<para><command>install -d /var/cache/samba</command>: This directory is 
needed for proper operation of the <command>smbd</command> and 
<command>nmbd</command> daemons.</para>

<para><parameter>--sysconfdir=/etc</parameter>: Sets the configuration
file directory to avoid the default of 
<filename class="directory">/usr/etc</filename>.</para>

<para><parameter>--localstatedir=/var</parameter>: Sets the variable
data directory to avoid the default of 
<filename class="directory">/usr/var</filename>.</para>

<para><option>--with-fhs</option>: Assigns all other file paths in a manner 
compliant with the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard 
(<acronym>FHS</acronym>).</para>

<para><option>--with-smbmount</option>: Orders the creation of an extra 
binary for use by the <command>mount</command> command so that mounting remote 
<acronym>SMB</acronym> (Windows) shares becomes no more complex than mounting 
remote <acronym>NFS</acronym> shares.</para>

<para><option>--with-pam</option>: Use this parameter to link 
<application>Linux-<acronym>PAM</acronym></application> into the build. This 
also builds the <filename class='libraryfile'>pam_winbind.so</filename> 
<application><acronym>PAM</acronym></application> module. You can find 
instructions on how to configure and use the module by running 
<command>man winbindd</command>.</para>

<para><command>mv /usr/lib/samba/libsmbclient.so ...; ln -sf 
../libsmbclient.so ...</command>: The 
<filename class='libraryfile'>libsmbclient.so</filename> library is needed 
by other packages. This command moves it to a location where other packages 
can find it.</para>

<para><command>install -m755 nsswitch/libnss_win{s,bind}.so /lib</command>:
The nss libraries are not installed by default.  If you intend to use
winbindd for domain auth, and/or <acronym>WINS</acronym> name resolution, 
you need these libraries.</para> 

<para><command>ln -sf libnss_winbind.so /lib/libnss_winbind.so.2</command> 
and <command>ln -sf libnss_wins.so /lib/libnss_wins.so.2</command>:
These symlinks are required by glibc to use the nss libraries.</para>

<para><command>cp ../examples/smb.conf.default /etc/samba</command>:
This copies a default <filename>smb.conf </filename>into
<filename>/etc/samba</filename>.  This sample configuration will not 
work unless edited for your site, and renamed 
<filename>smb.conf</filename>.</para>

</sect2>

<sect2>
<title>Configuring <application>Samba</application></title>

<sect3><title>Configuration overview and available documentation</title>

<para>Due to the complexity and the many various uses for 
<application>Samba</application>, complete configuration is well beyond the 
scope of the BLFS book. Advanced configurations including setting up Primary 
and Backup Domain Controllers are advanced topics and cannot be adequately 
covered in BLFS (it should be noted, however, that a 
<application>Samba</application> BDC cannot be used as a fallback for a 
<application>Windows</application> <acronym>PDC</acronym>, and conversely, a 
<application>Windows</application> <acronym>BDC</acronym> cannot be used as a 
fallback for a <application>Samba</application> <acronym>PDC</acronym>). Many 
complete books have been written on these topics alone.</para>

<para>There is quite a bit of documentation available which covers many of 
these advanced configurations. Point your web browser to the links below to 
view some of the documentation included with the 
<application>Samba</application> package:</para>

<itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
<listitem><para>Using Samba, 2nd Edition; a popular book published by O'Reilly 
<ulink url="file:///usr/share/samba/swat/using_samba/toc.html"/></para>
</listitem>

<listitem><para>The Official Samba HOWTO and Reference Guide 
<ulink url="file:///usr/share/samba/swat/help/Samba-HOWTO-Collection/index.html"/></para>
</listitem>

<listitem><para>Samba-3 by Example 
<ulink url="file:///usr/share/samba/swat/help/Samba-Guide/index.html"/></para>
</listitem>

<listitem><para>The Samba-3 man Pages
<ulink url="file:///usr/share/samba/swat/help/samba.7.html"/></para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect3>

<sect3><title>Configuring SWAT</title>

<para>The built in <acronym>SWAT</acronym> 
(<application>Samba</application> Web Administration Tool) utility can be used 
for basic configuration of the <application>Samba</application> installation,  
but because it may be inconvenient, undesireable or perhaps even impossible 
to gain access to the console, BLFS recommends setting up access to 
<acronym>SWAT</acronym> using <application>Stunnel</application>.</para>

<para>First you must add entries to <filename>/etc/services</filename> and 
modify the <command>inetd</command>/<command>xinetd</command> 
configuration.</para> 

<para>Add swat and swat_tunnel entries to 
<filename>/etc/services</filename> with the following commands:</para>

<screen><userinput><command>echo "swat            901/tcp" &gt;&gt; /etc/services &amp;&amp;
echo "swat_tunnel     902/tcp" &gt;&gt; /etc/services</command></userinput></screen>

<para>If <command>inetd</command> is used, the following command will add the 
swat_tunnel entry to <filename>/etc/inetd.conf</filename>: </para>

<screen><userinput><command>echo "swat_tunnel stream tcp nowait.400 root /usr/sbin/swat swat" \
    &gt;&gt; /etc/inetd.conf</command></userinput></screen>
<para>Issue a <command>killall -HUP inetd</command> to reread the
changed <filename>inetd.conf</filename> file.</para>

<para>If <command>xinetd</command> is used, the following command will 
add the swat_tunnel entry to <filename>/etc/xinetd.conf</filename> (you may 
need to modify or remove the <quote>only_from</quote> line to include the
desired host[s]):</para>

<screen><userinput><command>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/xinetd.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"</command>
service swat_tunnel
{
    port            = 902
    socket_type     = stream
    wait            = no
    only_from       = 127.0.0.1
    user            = root
    server          = /usr/sbin/swat
    log_on_failure  += USERID
}
<command>EOF</command></userinput></screen>

<para>Issue a <command>killall -HUP xinetd</command> to reread the
changed <filename>xinetd.conf</filename> file.</para>

<para>Next, you must add an entry for the swat service to the 
<filename>/etc/stunnel/stunnel.conf</filename> file:</para>

<screen><userinput><command>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/stunnel/stunnel.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"</command>
[swat]
accept  = 901
connect = 902

<command>EOF</command></userinput></screen>

<para>Restart the <command>stunnel</command> daemon using the following 
command:</para>

<screen><userinput><command>/etc/rc.d/init.d/stunnel restart</command></userinput></screen>

<para><acronym>SWAT</acronym> can be launched by pointing your web browser to 
<userinput>https://<replaceable>[CA_DN_field]</replaceable>:901</userinput>. 
Substitute the hostname listed in the <acronym>DN</acronym> field of the 
<acronym>CA</acronym> certificate used with 
<application>Stunnel</application> for 
<replaceable>[CA_DN_field]</replaceable>.</para>

<note><para>If you linked 
<application>Linux-<acronym>PAM</acronym></application> into the 
<application>Samba</application> build, you'll need to create an 
<filename>/etc/pam.d/samba</filename> file.</para></note>
</sect3>

<sect3><title>Printing to <acronym>SMB</acronym> clients</title>

<para>If you use <application><acronym>CUPS</acronym></application> for print 
services, and you wish to print to a printer attached to an 
<acronym>SMB</acronym> client, you need to create an <acronym>SMB</acronym> 
backend device. To create the device, issue the following command:</para>

<screen><userinput><command>ln -sf /usr/bin/smbspool /usr/lib/cups/backend/smb</command></userinput></screen>
</sect3>

<sect3><title>Installing bootscripts</title>

<para>For your convenience, boot scripts have been provided for
<application>Samba</application>.  There are two included in the
<xref linkend="intro-important-bootscripts"/> package.  The first,
<filename>samba</filename>, will start the <command>smbd</command> and
<command>nmbd</command> daemons needed to provide
<acronym>SMB</acronym>/<acronym>CIFS</acronym> services.  The second
script, <filename>winbind</filename>, starts the <command>winbindd</command> 
daemon, used for providing Windows domain services to Linux clients.</para>

<para>Install the <filename>samba</filename> script with the following 
command:</para>

<screen><userinput><command>make install-samba</command></userinput></screen>

<para>If you also need the <filename>winbind</filename> script:</para>

<screen><userinput><command>make install-winbind</command></userinput></screen>
</sect3>

</sect2>

<sect2>
<title>Contents</title>

<para>The <application>Samba</application> package contains
<command>findsmb</command>, 
<command>mount.smbfs</command>,
<command>net</command>,
<command>nmbd</command>,
<command>nmblookup</command>,
<command>ntlm_auth</command>, 
<command>pdbedit</command>, 
<command>profiles</command>, 
<command>rpcclient</command>,
<command>smbcacls</command>,
<command>smbclient</command>,
<command>smbcontrol</command>,
<command>smbcquotas</command>, 
<command>smbd</command>,
<command>smbmnt</command>, 
<command>smbmount</command>, 
<command>smbpasswd</command>,
<command>smbspool</command>,
<command>smbstatus</command>,
<command>smbtar</command>, 
<command>smbtree</command>, 
<command>smbumount</command>, 
<command>swat</command>,
<command>tdbbackup</command>, 
<command>tdbdump</command>, 
<command>tdbtool</command>, 
<command>testparm</command>,
<command>testprns</command>,
<command>wbinfo</command> and
<command>winbindd</command>.</para>

</sect2>

<sect2>
<title>Description</title>
<sect3><title>findsmb</title>
<para><command>findsmb</command> lists information about machines that respond 
to <acronym>SMB</acronym> name queries on a subnet.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>mount.smbfs</title>
<para><command>mount.smbfs</command> provides <command>/bin/mount</command> 
with a way to mount remote Windows (or 
<application>Samba</application>) fileshares.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>net</title>
<para><command>net</command> is a tool for administration of 
<application>Samba</application> and remote <acronym>CIFS</acronym> servers, 
similar to the net utility for <acronym>DOS</acronym>/Windows.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>nmbd</title>
<para><command>nmbd</command> is the <application>Samba</application> 
Net<acronym>BIOS</acronym> name server.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>nmblookup</title>
<para><command>nmblookup</command> is used to query
Net<acronym>BIOS</acronym> names and map them to <acronym>IP</acronym>
addresses.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>ntlm_auth</title>
<para><command>ntlm_auth</command> is a tool to allow external access to 
Winbind's <acronym>NTLM</acronym> authentication function.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>pdbedit</title>
<para><command>pdbedit</command> is a tool used to manage the 
<acronym>SAM</acronym> database.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>profiles</title>
<para><command>profiles</command> is a utility that reports and changes 
<acronym>SID</acronym>s in Windows registry files. It currently only supports 
NT.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>rpcclient</title>
<para><command>rpcclient</command> is used to execute
MS-<acronym>RPC</acronym> client side functions.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>smbcacls</title>
<para><command>smbcacls</command> is used to manipulate NT access control
lists.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>smbclient</title>
<para><command>smbclient</command> is a <acronym>SMB</acronym>/<acronym>CIFS
</acronym> access utility, similar to <acronym>FTP</acronym>.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>smbcontrol</title>
<para><command>smbcontrol</command> is used to control running 
<command>smbd</command>, <command>nmbd</command> and 
<command>winbindd</command> daemons.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>smbcquotas</title>
<para><command>smbcquotas</command> is used to manipulate NT quotas on 
<acronym>SMB</acronym> file shares.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>smbd</title>
<para><command>smbd</command> is the main
<application>Samba</application> daemon.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>smbmnt</title>
<para><command>smbmnt</command> is a helper application used by the 
<command>smbmount</command> program to do the actual mounting of 
<acronym>SMB</acronym> shares. It can be installed setuid root if you want 
normal users to be able to mount their <acronym>SMB</acronym> 
shares.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>smbmount</title>
<para><command>smbmount</command>, usually invoked as 
<command>mount.smbfs</command> by the <command>mount</command> command when 
using the <quote>-t smbfs</quote> option, mounts a Linux <acronym>SMB</acronym> 
filesystem.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>smbpasswd</title>
<para><command>smbpasswd</command> changes a user's 
<application>Samba</application> password.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>smbspool</title>
<para><command>smbspool</command> sends a print job to an 
<acronym>SMB</acronym> printer.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>smbstatus</title>
<para><command>smbstatus</command> reports current
<application>Samba</application> connections.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>smbtar</title>
<para><command>smbtar</command> is a shell script used for backing up 
<acronym>SMB</acronym>/<acronym>CIFS</acronym> shares directly to Linux tape 
drives or a file.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>smbtree</title>
<para><command>smbtree</command> is a text-based <acronym>SMB</acronym> 
network browser.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>smbumount</title>
<para><command>smbumount</command> is used by normal users to unmount 
<acronym>SMB</acronym> filesystems, provided that it is setuid 
root.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>swat</title>
<para><command>swat</command> is the 
<application>Samba</application> Web Administration Tool.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>tdbbackup</title>
<para><command>tdbbackup</command> is a tool for backing up or validating the 
integrity of <application>Samba</application> <filename>.tdb</filename> 
files.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>tdbdump</title>
<para><command>tdbdump</command> is a tool used to print the contents of a 
<application>Samba</application> <filename>.tdb</filename> file.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>tdbtool</title>
<para><command>tdbtool</command> is a tool which allows simple database 
manipulation on the commandline.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>testparm</title>
<para><command>testparm</command> checks an <filename>smb.conf</filename> file 
for proper syntax.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>testprns</title>
<para><command>testprns</command> tests printer names.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>wbinfo</title>
<para><command>wbinfo</command> queries a running <command>winbindd</command> 
daemon.</para></sect3>
<sect3><title>winbindd</title>
<para><command>winbindd</command> resolves names from NT servers.</para></sect3>

</sect2>

</sect1>