source: x/installing/mesa.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
   "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
  %general-entities;

  <!ENTITY mesa-download-http "https://mesa.freedesktop.org/archive/mesa-&mesa-version;.tar.xz">
  <!ENTITY mesa-download-ftp  " ">
  <!ENTITY mesa-md5sum        "d0462ef35f316f800ee43a3780a2e8ac">
  <!ENTITY mesa-size          "20 MB">
  <!ENTITY mesa-buildsize     "641 MB (with docs, add 263 MB for tests)">
  <!ENTITY mesa-time          "2.7 SBU (with docs; add 0.6 SBU for tests; both with parallelism=4)">
]>

<sect1 id="mesa" xreflabel="Mesa-&mesa-version;">
  <?dbhtml filename="mesa.html"?>

  <title>Mesa-&mesa-version;</title>

  <indexterm zone="mesa">
    <primary sortas="a-Mesa">Mesa</primary>
  </indexterm>

  <sect2 role="package">
    <title>Introduction to Mesa</title>

    <para>
      <application>Mesa</application> is an OpenGL compatible 3D graphics
      library.
    </para>

    <note>
      <para>
        <application>Mesa</application> is updated relatively often. You may
        want to use the latest available &mesa-major-minor;.x mesa version.
      </para>
    </note>

    &lfs121_checked;

    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
    <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&mesa-download-http;"/>
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download (FTP): <ulink url="&mesa-download-ftp;"/>
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download MD5 sum: &mesa-md5sum;
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download size: &mesa-size;
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Estimated disk space required: &mesa-buildsize;
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Estimated build time: &mesa-time;
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
    <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
    <!-- 9 Apr 23.  Change to unversioned patch since it never changes. -->
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Recommended patch:
          <ulink url="&patch-root;/mesa-add_xdemos-2.patch"/>
          (installs 2 demo programs for testing Mesa - not needed if you
          install the <ulink url="https://archive.mesa3d.org/demos/">
          mesa-demos</ulink> package)
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Mesa Dependencies</bridgehead>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
    <para role="required">
      <xref linkend="xorg7-lib"/>,
      <xref linkend="libdrm"/>, and
      <xref linkend="Mako"/>
    </para>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Recommended</bridgehead>
    <para role="recommended">

      <xref linkend="glslang"/> (required for Vulkan support),

      <xref role="first" linkend="libva"/> (to provide VA-API support for some
      gallium drivers, note that there is a circular dependency. You must
      build <application>libva</application> first without EGL and GLX support,
      install this package, and rebuild <application>libva</application>),

      <xref linkend="libvdpau"/> (to build VDPAU drivers),

      <xref linkend="llvm"/> (required for the r300, r600, and radeonsi
      drivers, and the LLVMpipe software rasterizer which can make the
      swrast driver much faster),

      <xref linkend="wayland-protocols"/> (required for
        <xref role="nodep" linkend='plasma-build'/>,
        GNOME, and recommended for <xref role="nodep" linkend='gtk3'/>), and

      <xref linkend="vulkan-loader"/> (required for Vulkan support)
    </para>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
    <para role="optional">
      <xref linkend="libgcrypt"/>,
      <xref linkend="libunwind"/>,
      <xref linkend="lm_sensors"/> <!-- for libsensors according to Meson -->,
      <xref linkend="nettle"/>,
      <xref linkend="valgrind"/>,
      <ulink url="https://archive.mesa3d.org/demos/">mesa-demos</ulink>
      (provides more than 300 extra demos to test
      <application>Mesa</application>; this includes the same programs added by
      the patch above),
      <ulink url="https://omxil.sourceforge.net/">Bellagio OpenMAX Integration
      Layer</ulink> (for mobile platforms), and
      <!--<ulink url="https://github.com/KhronosGroup/glslang">glslang</ulink>
      (for vulkan drivers),-->
      <ulink url="https://github.com/tizonia/tizonia-openmax-il/wiki/Tizonia-OpenMAX-IL/">
      libtizonia</ulink>,
      <!-- <ulink url="https://github.com/KhronosGroup/Vulkan-Loader">Vulkan-Loader</ulink> -->
    </para>
<!--
    <note>
      <para>
        The instructions below assume that
        <application>LLVM</application> with the r600/amdgpu and host backends
        and run-time type information (RTTI - needed for nouveau) are installed.
        You will need to modify the instructions if you
        choose not to install all of these. For an explanation of Gallium3D see
        <ulink url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallium3D"/>.
      </para>
    </note>
-->
  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="kernel" id="mesa-kernel"
         xreflabel='Mesa Kernel Configuration'>
    <title>Kernel Configuration</title>

    <para>
      Enable the following options in the kernel configuration and
      recompile the kernel if necessary:
    </para>

    <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
      href="mesa-kernel.xml"/>

    <note>
      <para>
        The corresponding Mesa Gallium3D driver name is provided as the
        comment for the configuration entries.  If you don't know the name
        of the Mesa Gallium3D driver for your GPU, see <xref
        linkend="mesa-gallium-drivers"/> below.
      </para>

      <para>
        <option>CONFIG_DRM_RADEON</option>,
        <option>CONFIG_DRM_AMDGPU</option>,
        <option>CONFIG_DRM_NOUVEAU</option>, and
        <option>CONFIG_DRM_I915</option> may require firmware.
        See <xref linkend='postlfs-firmware'/> for details.
      </para>

      <para>
        Selecting <option>CONFIG_DRM_RADEON</option> or
        <option>CONFIG_DRM_AMDGPU</option> as
        <quote><literal>y</literal></quote> is not recommended. If it is, any
        required firmware must be built as a part of the kernel image or the
        initramfs for the driver to function correctly.
      </para>

      <para>
        The sub-entries under <option>CONFIG_DRM_AMDGPU</option> are used
        to ensure the AMDGPU kernel driver supports all GPUs using the
        <literal>radeonsi</literal> driver.  They are not needed if you
        won't need <option>CONFIG_DRM_AMDGPU</option> itself. They
        may be unneeded for some GPU models.
      </para>

      <para>
        For <literal>swrast</literal>, <option>CONFIG_DRM_VGEM</option>
        is not strictly needed but recommended as an optimization.
      </para>
    </note>
    <indexterm zone="mesa mesa-kernel">
      <primary sortas="d-mesa">mesa</primary>
    </indexterm>
  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="installation">
    <title>Installation of Mesa</title>
    <para>
      If you have downloaded the xdemos patch (needed if testing the Xorg
      installation per BLFS instructions), apply it by running the following
      command:
    </para>

<!--<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../mesa-&mesa-version;-add_xdemos-1.patch</userinput></screen>-->
<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../mesa-add_xdemos-2.patch</userinput></screen>

   <!-- Note that freedreno, vc4, and virgl all need special support from
        libdrm - renodr
        For me, libdrm does not mention virgl, but mesa accepts it. AFAICS
        freedreno is for qualcom hardware, libdrm will build for it on suitable
        systems. VC4 is for the Broadcom VC4 used in the raspberry pi - ken -->
<!--
    <note>
      <para>
        The measurements above, and the Contents below, are for a full build.
        Many people will not wish to install drivers they cannot use, so the
        following paragraphs explain how to limit the drivers, and give an
        example which can be be reduced or amended as necessary.
      </para>
    </note>

-->
<!--
    <para>
      The (non-gallium) DRI drivers available in X86 are auto, <emphasis>or
      alternatively a choice from</emphasis> i915, i965, nouveau, r100, r200,
      and swrast. Use 'auto' to build all available DRI drivers, or use an
      empty string (DRI_DRIVERS="") if you wish to only build gallium drivers.
    </para>

    <para>
      The platforms ("window systems") available for X86 linux are x11, wayland,
     drm, and surfaceless. By not specifying anything, the meson
      build-system will build for all these platforms if you have the
      dependencies, identical to if you had specified '-Dplatforms=auto'.
    </para>

    <para>
      Modify the commands below for your desired drivers.  The drivers listed
      below will cover most modern video cards and virtual machines.  For help in
      selecting drivers see <ulink url="https://docs.mesa3d.org/systems.html"/>.
-->
      <!-- these two don't seem to be mentioned in that mesa link -->
<!--
      For intel drivers, specify crocus for i965 gen 4 through to haswell, iris
      for broadwell and later.
    </para>

    <note>
      <para>
        Although the nouveau drivers can be built for both gallium and dri, the
        i915 driver can only be built for one or the other.
      </para>
    </note>

<screen><userinput>GALLIUM_DRV="crocus,i915,iris,nouveau,r600,radeonsi,svga,swrast,virgl"
DRI_DRIVERS="i965,nouveau"</userinput></screen>
-->

    <!-- https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/mesa/mesa/-/merge_requests/22021 -->
<!-- No longer needed
    <para>
      Remove two unneeded references to LLVM headers to avoid a build
      failure with LLVM 17 or later:
    </para>

<screen><userinput>sed '/Scalar.h/d;/Utils.h/d' \
    -i src/gallium/auxiliary/gallivm/lp_bld_init.c</userinput></screen>
-->
    <para>
      Install <application>Mesa</application> by running the following
      commands:
    </para>

<screen><userinput>mkdir build &amp;&amp;
cd    build &amp;&amp;

meson setup                   \
      --prefix=$XORG_PREFIX   \
      --buildtype=release     \
      -Dplatforms=x11,wayland \
      -Dgallium-drivers=auto  \
      -Dvulkan-drivers=auto   \
      -Dvalgrind=disabled     \
      -Dlibunwind=disabled    \
      ..                      &amp;&amp;

ninja</userinput></screen>

    <para>
      To test the results, issue:
      <command>meson configure -Dbuild-tests=true &amp;&amp; ninja test</command>.
    </para>
<!-- All 88 tests passed for me for 22.3.3 [pierre]
     All 90 tests passed for me for 23.1.0 [bdubbs]
     89 Tests passed for me, 1 timeout on 23.1.8 [rahul]
     All 98 tests passed for me for 23.3.1 [bdubbs]
-->

    <para>
      Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
    </para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>ninja install</userinput></screen>

    <para>
      If desired, install the optional documentation by running
      the following commands as the
      <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
    </para>

<screen role="root"
        remap="doc"><userinput>cp -rv ../docs -T /usr/share/doc/mesa-&mesa-version;</userinput></screen>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="commands">
    <title>Command Explanations</title>

    <para>
      <parameter>--buildtype=release</parameter>: This switch ensures a
      fully-optimized build, and disables debug assertions which will
      severely slow down the libraries in certain use-cases. Without this
      switch, build sizes can span into the 2GB range.
    </para>

    <para>
      <anchor id='mesa-gallium-drivers' xreflabel='Mesa Gallium3D Drivers'/>
      <parameter>-Dgallium-drivers=auto</parameter>: This parameter
      controls which Gallium3D drivers should be built.
      <literal>auto</literal> selects all Gallium3D drivers available
      for x86: <literal>r300</literal> (for ATI Radeon 9000 or Radeon X
      series), <literal>r600</literal> (for AMD/ATI Radeon HD 2000-6000
      series), <literal>radeonsi</literal> (for AMD Radeon HD 7000 or newer
      AMD GPU models), <literal>nouveau</literal>
      (for Supported NVIDIA GPUs, they are listed as all
      <quote>3D features</quote> either <quote>DONE</quote> or
      <quote>N/A</quote> in <ulink
      url='https://nouveau.freedesktop.org/FeatureMatrix.html'>the Nouveau
      status page</ulink>), <literal>virgl</literal> (for QEMU virtual GPU
      with <application>virglrender</application> support; note that BLFS
      <xref linkend='qemu'/> is not built with
      <application>virglrender</application>), <literal>svga</literal>
      (for VMWare virtual GPU), <literal>swrast</literal> (using CPU for 3D
      rasterisation; note that it's much slower than using a modern
      3D-capable GPU, so it should be only used if the GPU is not supported
      by other drivers), <literal>iris</literal> (for Intel GPUs shipped
      with Broadwell or newer CPUs), <literal>crocus</literal> (for Intel
      GMA 3000, X3000 series, 4000 series, or X4000 series GPUs shipped with
      chipsets, or Intel HD GPUs shipped with pre-Broadwell CPUs),
      <literal>i915</literal> (for Intel GMA 900, 950, 3100, or 3150 GPUs
      shipped with chipsets or Atom D/N 4xx/5xx CPUs).  You may replace
      <literal>auto</literal> with a comma-separated list to build only
      a subset of these drivers if you precisely know which drivers you
      need, for example
      <option>-Dgallium-drivers=radeonsi,iris,swrast</option>.
    </para>
<!--
    <para>
      <parameter>-Dosmesa=true</parameter>: This switch enables building
      the <filename class="libraryfile">libOSMesa</filename> library and
      provides Gallium3D support in it. It requires the swrast gallium driver.
    </para>
-->

    <para>
      <parameter>-Dplatforms=...</parameter>: This parameter
      controls which windowing systems will be supported. Available
      linux platforms are x11 and wayland.
    </para>

    <para>
      <parameter>-Dvulkan-drivers=auto</parameter>: This switch enables support
      for the Vulkan graphics API. It automatically builds all graphics drivers
      that are available for Vulkan. If you wish to build specific drivers,
      valid options include 'amd', 'intel', 'intel_hasvk', and 'swrast'. If you
      do not want Vulkan support, change 'auto' to "".
    </para>

    <para>
      <parameter>-Dvalgrind=disabled</parameter>: This parameter disables
      the usage of Valgrind during the build process. Remove this parameter
      if you have Valgrind installed, and wish to check for memory leaks.
    </para>

    <para>
      <parameter>-Dlibunwind=disabled</parameter>: This parameter disables
      the usage of libunwind.
    </para>

    <para>
      <command>meson configure -Dbuild-tests=true</command>: This command will
      reconfigure the build to set <option>-Dbuild-tests=true</option>, but
      keep the other options specified in the <command>meson setup</command>
      command unchanged.  It allows <command>ninja test</command> to build and
      run unit tests.
    </para>

    <para>
      <option>-Degl-native-platform="..."</option>: This parameter
      controls which Embedded Graphics Library support will be built. Available
      linux options are auto (default), x11, wayland, surfaceless, and drm.
    </para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="content">
    <title>Contents</title>

    <segmentedlist>
      <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle><!-- in /usr/lib -->
      <segtitle>Installed DRI Drivers</segtitle><!-- in /usr/lib/dri -->
      <segtitle>Installed VDPAU Drivers</segtitle><!-- in /usr/lib/vdpau -->
      <segtitle>Installed Vulkan Drivers</segtitle><!-- in /usr/lib -->
      <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>

      <seglistitem>
        <seg>
          glxgears and glxinfo
        </seg>
        <seg>
          libEGL.so,
          libGL.so,
          libGLESv1_CM.so,
          libGLESv2.so,
          libgbm.so,
          libglapi.so, and
          libxatracker.so
        </seg>
        <seg>
          <!-- d3dadapter9.so (optional)
               I guess this is useless today, Wine applications use Vulkan
               through libvkd3d, and new games with native Linux support
               likely uses Vulkan directly.  -->
          <!-- Begin gallium DRI drivers (*_dri.so) and VA-API drivers
               (*_drv_video.so): this is the full set -->
          crocus_dri.so,
          i915_dri.so,
          iris_dri.so,
          kms_swrast_dri.so,
          nouveau_dri.so,
          nouveau_drv_video.so,
          r300_dri.so,
          r600_dri.so,
          r600_drv_video.so,
          radeonsi_dri.so,
          radeonsi_drv_video.so,
          swrast_dri.so,
          virtio_gpu_dri.so,
          virtio_gpu_drv_video.so, and
          vmwgfx_dri.so
          <!-- End DRI Drivers -->
        </seg>
        <seg>
          <!-- Begin VDPAU drivers -->
          libvdpau_nouveau.so,
          libvdpau_r300.so
          libvdpau_r600.so, and
          libvdpau_radeonsi.so
          libvdpau_virtio_gpu.so
          <!-- End VDPAU drivers -->
          (Many of these drivers are hard-linked).
        </seg>
        <seg>
          libvulkan_intel_hasvk.so,
          libvulkan_intel.so,
          libvulkan_lvp.so, and
          libvulkan_radeon.so
        </seg>
        <seg>
          <!-- $XORG_PREFIX/include/GL is installed by xorg-protos -->
          $XORG_PREFIX/{include/{EGL,GLES,GLES2,GLES3,KHR},
          $XORG_PREFIX/lib/{dri,vdpau}},
          $XORG_PREFIX/share/drirc.d (contains workarounds for various applications,
          particularly browsers and games),
          $XORG_PREFIX/share/vulkan,
          and /usr/share/doc/mesa-&mesa-version;
        </seg>
      </seglistitem>
    </segmentedlist>

    <variablelist>
      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>

      <varlistentry id="glxgears">
        <term><command>glxgears</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            is a GL demo useful for troubleshooting graphics
            problems
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="mesa glxgears">
            <primary sortas="b-glxgears">glxgears</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="glxinfo">
        <term><command>glxinfo</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            is a diagnostic program that displays information about the
            graphics hardware and installed GL libraries
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="mesa glxinfo">
            <primary sortas="b-glxinfo">glxinfo</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libEGL">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libEGL.so</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            provides a native platform graphics interface as
            defined by the EGL-1.4 specification
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="mesa libEGL">
            <primary sortas="c-libGL">libEGL.so</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libgbm">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libgbm.so</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            is the <application>Mesa</application> Graphics Buffer
            Manager library
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="mesa libgbm">
            <primary sortas="c-libgbm">libgbm.so</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libGLESv1_CM">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libGLESv1_CM.so</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            is the <application>Mesa</application> OpenGL ES 1.1 library
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="mesa libGLESv1_CM">
            <primary sortas="c-libGLESv1_CM">libGLESv1_CM.so</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libGLES2">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libGLES2.so</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            is the <application>Mesa</application> OpenGL ES 2.0 library
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="mesa libGLES2">
            <primary sortas="c-libGLES2">libGLES2.so</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libGL">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libGL.so</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            is the main <application>Mesa</application> OpenGL library
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="mesa libGL">
            <primary sortas="c-libGL">libGL.so</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

    </variablelist>

  </sect2>

</sect1>