[feeb99a] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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[6732c094] | 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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[feeb99a] | 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 |
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[3e7ee20] | 7 | <!ENTITY xorg-download-http "http://xorg.freedesktop.org/releases/X11R&xorg-version;/src-single/X11R&xorg-version;-src.tar.bz2 ">
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[8f1faf9f] | 8 | <!ENTITY xorg-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.x.org/pub/X11R&xorg-version;/src-single/X11R&xorg-version;-src.tar.bz2">
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[3e7ee20] | 9 | <!ENTITY xorg-md5sum "52ad69832db5c36c7041f90625ed4598">
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| 10 | <!ENTITY xorg-size "45 MB">
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| 11 | <!ENTITY xorg-buildsize "864 MB">
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| 12 | <!ENTITY xorg-time "11.68 SBU">
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[feeb99a] | 13 | ]>
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| 14 |
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[e77976f] | 15 | <sect1 id="xorg" xreflabel="Xorg-&xorg-version;">
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[36c3ba1] | 16 | <?dbhtml filename="xorg.html"?>
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| 17 |
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| 18 | <sect1info>
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| 19 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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| 20 | <date>$Date$</date>
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| 21 | </sect1info>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <title>Xorg-&xorg-version;</title>
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| 24 |
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| 25 | <indexterm zone="xorg">
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| 26 | <primary sortas="a-xorg">Xorg</primary>
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| 27 | </indexterm>
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| 28 |
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| 29 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 30 | <title>Introduction to Xorg</title>
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| 31 |
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[abfff1a5] | 32 | <!-- XFREE86
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| 33 | <note>
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[3e7ee20] | 34 | <para>There are three packages in BLFS that implement the <application>X
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[d9c80e1] | 35 | Window System</application>: <application>Xorg</application>
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| 36 | (X11R6 and X11R7) and <application>XFree86</application>. These
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| 37 | packages are all quite similar. In fact, the base system of
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| 38 | <application>Xorg</application> is
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[3e7ee20] | 39 | <application>XFree86</application>-4.4.0RC2. Licensing was the original
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| 40 | reason for the split. <application>Xorg-&xorg7-version;</application>
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| 41 | introduces a completely autotooled build system, but is otherwise the
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[d9c80e1] | 42 | same codebase as <application>Xorg-&xorg-version;</application>.
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[36c3ba1] | 43 | Most large commercial distributions have decided to use the
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[3e7ee20] | 44 | <application>Xorg</application> package, but several still provide
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[36c3ba1] | 45 | <application>XFree86</application>.</para>
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| 46 |
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| 47 | <para>A second reason for the forking of <application>X</application>
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| 48 | packages is the stated goals of the developers. Some developers were
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| 49 | unhappy with the administration and progress of
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| 50 | <application>XFree86</application>. X.org's future plans include
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[d9c80e1] | 51 | significant improvements to the internals of the system and more
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[3e7ee20] | 52 | frequent releases.</para>
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[36c3ba1] | 53 |
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| 54 | <para><application>XFree86</application> continues to be a solid,
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| 55 | conservative application with excellent driver support.</para>
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[abfff1a5] | 56 | </note>
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| 57 | XFREE86 -->
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[36c3ba1] | 58 |
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[abfff1a5] | 59 | <para><application>Xorg</application> is a freely redistributable
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| 60 | open-source implementation of the <application>X</application> Window
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| 61 | System. This system provides a client/server interface between display
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| 62 | hardware (the mouse, keyboard, and video displays) and the desktop
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| 63 | environment, while also providing both the windowing infrastructure and
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| 64 | a standardized application interface (API).</para>
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[36c3ba1] | 65 |
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| 66 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 67 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 68 | <listitem>
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| 69 | <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&xorg-download-http;"/></para>
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| 70 | </listitem>
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| 71 | <listitem>
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| 72 | <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&xorg-download-ftp;"/></para>
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| 73 | </listitem>
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| 74 | <listitem>
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| 75 | <para>Download MD5 sum: &xorg-md5sum;</para>
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| 76 | </listitem>
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| 77 | <listitem>
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| 78 | <para>Download size: &xorg-size;</para>
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| 79 | </listitem>
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| 80 | <listitem>
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| 81 | <para>Estimated disk space required: &xorg-buildsize;</para>
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| 82 | </listitem>
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| 83 | <listitem>
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| 84 | <para>Estimated build time: &xorg-time;</para>
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| 85 | </listitem>
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| 86 | </itemizedlist>
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| 87 |
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[10bffdc8] | 88 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
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| 89 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 90 | <listitem>
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| 91 | <para>Required patch: <ulink
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[babac3ec] | 92 | url="&patch-root;/xorg-&xorg-version;-luit_race-1.patch"/></para>
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[10bffdc8] | 93 | </listitem>
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[b6d80e9] | 94 | <listitem>
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| 95 | <para>Required patch: <ulink
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[1270ee2b] | 96 | url="&patch-root;/xorg-&xorg-version;-security-4.patch"/></para>
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[b6d80e9] | 97 | </listitem>
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[10bffdc8] | 98 | </itemizedlist>
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| 99 |
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[7d7bb83] | 100 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Xorg Dependencies</bridgehead>
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[36c3ba1] | 101 |
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| 102 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
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[76a39aa] | 103 | <para role="required"><xref linkend="libpng"/> and
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[36c3ba1] | 104 | <xref linkend="fontconfig"/></para>
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| 105 |
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| 106 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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[76a39aa] | 107 | <para role="optional"><xref linkend="linux-pam"/></para>
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[36c3ba1] | 108 |
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[1663c2b5] | 109 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
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[ea9f7caf] | 110 | <ulink url='&blfs-wiki;/Xorg'/></para>
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[18bcaf6] | 111 |
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[36c3ba1] | 112 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Download Instructions</bridgehead>
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| 113 |
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| 114 | <para>As an alternative to downloading the entire source tree in a single
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[96ffdca] | 115 | file, there are several smaller files that can be fetched from the
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[3e7ee20] | 116 | download location (directory /pub/X11R&xorg-version;/src/):</para>
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[36c3ba1] | 117 |
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| 118 | <itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
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| 119 | <listitem>
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| 120 | <para><filename>X11R&xorg-version;-src1.tar.gz</filename></para>
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| 121 | </listitem>
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| 122 | <listitem>
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| 123 | <para><filename>X11R&xorg-version;-src2.tar.gz</filename></para>
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| 124 | </listitem>
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| 125 | <listitem>
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| 126 | <para><filename>X11R&xorg-version;-src3.tar.gz</filename></para>
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| 127 | </listitem>
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| 128 | <listitem>
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| 129 | <para><filename>X11R&xorg-version;-src4.tar.gz</filename></para>
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| 130 | </listitem>
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| 131 | <listitem>
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| 132 | <para><filename>X11R&xorg-version;-src5.tar.gz</filename></para>
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| 133 | </listitem>
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| 134 | <listitem>
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| 135 | <para><filename>X11R&xorg-version;-src6.tar.gz</filename></para>
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| 136 | </listitem>
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| 137 | <listitem>
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| 138 | <para><filename>X11R&xorg-version;-src7.tar.gz</filename></para>
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| 139 | </listitem>
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| 140 | </itemizedlist>
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| 141 |
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| 142 | <para>The first package contains the <application>Xorg</application>
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| 143 | libraries and support programs, the second contains standard
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| 144 | <application>X</application> programs, the third contains the
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| 145 | <application>X</application> server, the fourth and fifth are fonts,
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| 146 | the sixth is normal documentation, and the seventh is hardcopy
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| 147 | documentation.</para>
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| 148 |
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[96ffdca] | 149 | <para>To check the files for integrity, download the
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[36c3ba1] | 150 | <filename>md5sums</filename> file. Then:</para>
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| 151 |
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| 152 | <screen><userinput>md5sum -c md5sums</userinput></screen>
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| 153 |
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[96ffdca] | 154 | <para>For each file you downloaded, an
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| 155 | <computeroutput>OK</computeroutput> status should be displayed.</para>
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[36c3ba1] | 156 |
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| 157 | </sect2>
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| 158 |
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| 159 | <sect2 role="kernel" id='xorg-kernel'>
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| 160 | <title>Kernel Configuration</title>
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| 161 |
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| 162 | <indexterm zone="xorg xorg-kernel">
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| 163 | <primary sortas="d-Xorg">Xorg</primary>
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| 164 | </indexterm>
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| 165 |
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| 166 | <para>If you have an Intel P6 (Pentium Pro, Pentium II and later), it is
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| 167 | recommended that you compile MTRR (Memory Type Range Registers) support
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| 168 | into the kernel. The kernel can map Cyrix and AMD CPUs to the MTRR
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| 169 | interface, so selecting this option is useful for those processors also.
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| 170 | This option is found in the "Processor type and features" menu. It can
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| 171 | increase performance of image write operations 2.5 times or more on PCI or
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| 172 | AGP video cards.</para>
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| 173 |
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[9ec95e7] | 174 | <para>In the "Character Devices" section of the "Device Drivers" menu,
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| 175 | enable AGP Support and select the chipset support on your motherboard. If
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| 176 | you do not know the chipset, you may select all the chip types at the
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| 177 | expense of extra kernel size. You can usually determine your motherboard's
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| 178 | chipset by running the command <command>lspci</command>, a program from the
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| 179 | <xref linkend="pciutils"/> package.</para>
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[36c3ba1] | 180 |
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| 181 | <para>In the "Character Devices" section, <emphasis>disable</emphasis>
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| 182 | Direct Rendering Manager unless you have a Direct Rendering Infrastructure
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| 183 | (DRI) supported video card. A complete list of DRI supported video cards
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| 184 | can be found at <ulink url="http://dri.sourceforge.net" /> in the "Status"
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| 185 | section. Currently, supported cards include those from 3dfx (Voodoo,
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| 186 | Banshee), 3Dlabs, ATI (Rage Pro, Rage 128, Radeon 7X00, Radeon 2), Intel
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| 187 | (i810, i815), and Matrox (G200, G400, G450).</para>
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| 188 |
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[96ffdca] | 189 | <para>Additionally, NVidia provides their own closed source binary drivers,
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[36c3ba1] | 190 | which do not make use of DRI. If you intend to use these drivers, do not
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| 191 | enable DRI.</para>
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| 192 |
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| 193 | <para>If you made any changes to the kernel configuration, recompile and
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| 194 | install the new kernel.</para>
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| 195 |
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| 196 | </sect2>
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| 197 |
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| 198 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 199 | <title>Installation of Xorg</title>
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| 200 |
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[10bffdc8] | 201 | <sect3>
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[3e7ee20] | 202 | <title>Various build fixes</title>
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[10bffdc8] | 203 |
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| 204 | <para>The <application>Xorg</application> sources must be patched in
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[3e7ee20] | 205 | order to avoid a race condition with the <application>luit</application>
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[1270ee2b] | 206 | program. Additionally, <application>Xorg</application> contains 5
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[d1e71ed] | 207 | <ulink url="http://wiki.x.org/wiki/SecurityPage">security
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| 208 | vulnerabilities</ulink>. Fix these issues with the following
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| 209 | commands:</para>
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[10bffdc8] | 210 |
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[18bcaf6] | 211 | <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../xorg-&xorg-version;-luit_race-1.patch &&
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[1270ee2b] | 212 | patch -Np1 -i ../xorg-&xorg-version;-security-4.patch</userinput></screen>
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[aebc72fa] | 213 |
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[d9c80e1] | 214 | <para>Additionally, if you choose to install
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| 215 | <application>Xorg</application> to any prefix other than
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[96ffdca] | 216 | <filename class="directory">/usr/X11R6</filename>, the
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| 217 | <application>luit</application> package
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[d9c80e1] | 218 | needs another correction to fix a hard coded path. Execute the
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[3e7ee20] | 219 | following command:</para>
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| 220 |
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[c5c2654] | 221 | <screen><userinput>sed -i 's@/usr/X11R6@<replaceable></usr></replaceable>@' programs/luit/parser.h</userinput></screen>
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[10bffdc8] | 222 |
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| 223 | </sect3>
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| 224 |
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[36c3ba1] | 225 | <sect3>
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| 226 | <title>Suppressing Xprint-related Modification to '/etc'</title>
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| 227 |
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| 228 | <para><application>Xorg</application> insists on putting
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| 229 | its boot and profile scripts into the <filename
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| 230 | class="directory">/etc</filename> directory even if specifically told
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| 231 | not to compile anything Xprint server or client related (see
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| 232 | <filename>host.def</filename> below). The following command will
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| 233 | suppress any such modifications:</para>
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| 234 |
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| 235 | <screen><userinput>sed -i '/^SUBDIRS =/s/ etc$//' programs/Xserver/Xprint/Imakefile</userinput></screen>
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| 236 |
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| 237 | </sect3>
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| 238 |
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| 239 | <sect3>
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| 240 | <title>Setting Up a Shadow Directory</title>
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| 241 |
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| 242 | <para>When building <application>Xorg</application>, you should create
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| 243 | a shadow directory of symbolic links for the compiled code. To do that,
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| 244 | first make <command>lndir</command>. Starting from the
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| 245 | <filename class='directory'>xc</filename> directory:</para>
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| 246 |
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| 247 | <screen><userinput>pushd config/util &&
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[9a2fba9] | 248 | make -f Makefile.ini lndir
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| 249 | popd</userinput></screen>
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[36c3ba1] | 250 |
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| 251 | <para>Now create the shadow tree:</para>
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| 252 |
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| 253 | <screen><userinput>mkdir ../xcbuild &&
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[feeb99a] | 254 | cd ../xcbuild &&
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[9a2fba9] | 255 | ../xc/config/util/lndir ../xc</userinput></screen>
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[36c3ba1] | 256 |
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| 257 | </sect3>
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| 258 |
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| 259 | <sect3>
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| 260 | <title>Creating 'host.def'</title>
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| 261 |
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| 262 | <para>The next step is to create the
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| 263 | <filename>config/cf/host.def</filename> file. The documentation for
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| 264 | <application>Xorg</application> indicates that the application will
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| 265 | build without a <filename>host.def</filename> file, but the included
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| 266 | libraries for <application>Fontconfig</application> and
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| 267 | <application>FreeType2</application> do not build properly on a base
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| 268 | LFS system. Therefore, you must specify that these libraries, as well
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| 269 | as others, should be imported from the system.</para>
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| 270 |
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| 271 | <note>
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| 272 | <para><filename>config/cf/host.def</filename> is a C file, not a
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| 273 | shell script. Ensure the comments delimited by /* ... */ are balanced
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| 274 | when modifying the file.</para>
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| 275 | </note>
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| 276 |
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| 277 | <screen><userinput>cat > config/cf/host.def << "EOF"
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| 278 | <literal>/* Begin Xorg host.def file */
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| 279 |
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[feeb99a] | 280 | /* System Related Information. If you read and configure only one
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[36c3ba1] | 281 | * section then it should be this one. The Intel architecture defaults
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| 282 | * are set for a i686 and higher. Axp is for the Alpha architecture
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| 283 | * and Ppc is for the Power PC. AMD64 is for the Opteron processor.
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| 284 | * Note that there have been reports that the Ppc optimization line
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| 285 | * causes segmentation faults during build. If that happens, try
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[47603ac1] | 286 | * building without the DefaultGcc2PpcOpt line. ***********/
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[36c3ba1] | 287 |
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[a592e42] | 288 | /* #define DefaultGcc2i386Opt -O2 -fno-strength-reduce \
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| 289 | -fno-strict-aliasing -march=i686 */
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| 290 | /* #define DefaultGcc2AMD64Opt -O2 -fno-strength-reduce \
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| 291 | -fno-strict-aliasing */
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| 292 | /* #define DefaultGcc2AxpOpt -O2 -mcpu=ev6 */
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| 293 | /* #define DefaultGcc2PpcOpt -O2 -mcpu=750 */
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[feeb99a] | 294 |
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[7461475] | 295 | #define HasFreetype2 YES
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| 296 | #define HasFontconfig YES
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| 297 | #define HasExpat YES
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| 298 | #define HasLibpng YES
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| 299 | #define HasZlib YES
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[feeb99a] | 300 |
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[45b2f690] | 301 | /* Uncomment the following define if you'd like
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| 302 | * xdm to use Linux-PAM
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| 303 | #define HasPam YES
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| 304 | */
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| 305 |
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[feeb99a] | 306 | /*
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[36c3ba1] | 307 | * Which drivers to build. When building a static server, each of
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| 308 | * these will be included in it. When building the loadable server
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[47603ac1] | 309 | * each of these modules will be built.
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[feeb99a] | 310 | *
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| 311 | #define XF86CardDrivers mga glint nv tga s3virge sis rendition \
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| 312 | neomagic i740 tdfx savage \
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| 313 | cirrus vmware tseng trident chips apm \
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| 314 | GlideDriver fbdev i128 \
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[5c8344d] | 315 | ati DevelDrivers ark \
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[47603ac1] | 316 | cyrix siliconmotion vesa vga \
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| 317 | XF86OSCardDrivers XF86ExtraCardDrivers
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[feeb99a] | 318 | */
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| 319 |
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| 320 | /*
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| 321 | * Select the XInput devices you want by uncommenting this.
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| 322 | *
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| 323 | #define XInputDrivers mouse keyboard acecad calcomp citron \
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| 324 | digitaledge dmc dynapro elographics \
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[47603ac1] | 325 | microtouch mutouch penmount spaceorb \
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| 326 | summa wacom void magictouch aiptek
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[feeb99a] | 327 | */
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| 328 |
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| 329 | /* Most installs will only need this */
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| 330 |
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| 331 | #define XInputDrivers mouse keyboard
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| 332 |
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[3e7ee20] | 333 | /* Xterm is no longer built by default */
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| 334 | #define BuildXterm YES
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| 335 |
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[fb0480d5] | 336 | /* Disable building Xprint server and clients until we get them figured
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| 337 | * out but build Xprint libraries to allow precompiled binaries such as
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| 338 | * Acrobat Reader to run.
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| 339 | */
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[7461475] | 340 |
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[fb0480d5] | 341 | #define XprtServer NO
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| 342 | #define BuildXprintClients NO
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[feeb99a] | 343 |
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[2ee51e6] | 344 | /* Uncomment the following define if you would prefer to install X into
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| 345 | * /usr or change it to any other location that you prefer.
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[bccbdaea] | 346 | * The GL related defines disable compatibility symlinks (the links
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[310cc9a] | 347 | * are not needed when X is installed in /usr).
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[f84ff8d] | 348 | #define ProjectRoot /usr
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| 349 | #define LinkGLToUsrInclude NO
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| 350 | #define LinkGLToUsrLib NO
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[2ee51e6] | 351 | */
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| 352 |
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[36c3ba1] | 353 | /* End Xorg host.def file */</literal>
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| 354 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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[feeb99a] | 355 |
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[36c3ba1] | 356 | <para>There are several other options that you may want to consider.
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| 357 | A well documented example file is
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| 358 | <filename>config/cf/xorgsite.def</filename>.</para>
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[2826127] | 359 |
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[36c3ba1] | 360 | </sect3>
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[feeb99a] | 361 |
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[36c3ba1] | 362 | <sect3>
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| 363 | <title>Build Commands</title>
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[2826127] | 364 |
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[36c3ba1] | 365 | <para>Install <application>Xorg</application> by running the
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| 366 | following commands:</para>
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| 367 |
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| 368 | <screen><userinput>sed -i -e "s@^#include <linux/config.h>@/* & */@" \
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[df3a050] | 369 | `grep -lr linux/config.h *` &&
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[36c3ba1] | 370 | ( make World 2>&1 | tee xorg-compile.log && exit $PIPESTATUS )</userinput></screen>
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| 371 |
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[96ffdca] | 372 | <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
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| 373 |
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| 374 | <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
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[36c3ba1] | 375 | user:</para>
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[2826127] | 376 |
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[36c3ba1] | 377 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install &&
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[32077ed] | 378 | make install.man</userinput></screen>
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| 379 |
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| 380 | <para>If you've installed <application>Xorg</application> in the default
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[d9c80e1] | 381 | prefix listed above, run the following commands as the
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[32077ed] | 382 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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| 383 |
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| 384 | <screen role="root"><userinput>ln -v -s ../X11R6/bin /usr/bin/X11 &&
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[b2febe4e] | 385 | ln -v -s ../X11R6/lib/X11 /usr/lib/X11 &&
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| 386 | ln -v -s ../X11R6/include/X11 /usr/include/X11</userinput></screen>
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[36c3ba1] | 387 |
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[18bcaf6] | 388 | <para>The <application>Xorg</application> fonts have been installed
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| 389 | outside of <application>Fontconfig</application>'s default search path
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| 390 | of <filename class="directory">/usr/share/fonts</filename>. In order
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| 391 | for <application>Fontconfig</application> to find the installed TrueType
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| 392 | fonts, you should make symlinks to their directories. Assuming you've
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| 393 | installed <application>Xorg</application> in the default prefix, run the
|
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| 394 | following commands as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
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| 395 | user:</para>
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| 396 |
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[96ffdca] | 397 | <screen role="root"><userinput>install -v -d -m755 /usr/share/fonts &&
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[18bcaf6] | 398 | ln -svn /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/TTF /usr/share/fonts/X11-TTF</userinput></screen>
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| 399 |
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[3f72a148] | 400 | <para>You should now continue on to the <xref linkend="x-setup"/> section
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| 401 | to complete the configuration of
|
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| 402 | <application>Xorg</application>.</para>
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| 403 |
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[36c3ba1] | 404 | </sect3>
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| 405 |
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| 406 | </sect2>
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| 407 |
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| 408 | <sect2 role="commands">
|
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| 409 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
|
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| 410 |
|
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| 411 | <para><command>sed -i -e "s@^#include <linux/config.h>@...</command>:
|
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[2826127] | 412 | The <application>Linux-Libc-Headers</application> package installed in
|
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[36c3ba1] | 413 | LFS installs a <filename>/usr/include/linux/config.h</filename> file
|
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| 414 | which is not compatible with userspace applications. The recommended fix
|
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| 415 | for applications including this file is to remove it (see <ulink
|
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[2826127] | 416 | url="http://ep09.pld-linux.org/~mmazur/linux-libc-headers/doc/FAQ">
|
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| 417 | linux-libc-headers FAQ</ulink>). The <command>sed</command> uses
|
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[bfb7882] | 418 | <command>grep -lr</command> to replace all occurrences. If you desire, just
|
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[2826127] | 419 | remove (comment) the line in the appropriate video driver file if you
|
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[36c3ba1] | 420 | customized <filename>host.def</filename>.</para>
|
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| 421 |
|
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| 422 | <para><command>( make World 2>&1 | tee xorg-compile.log
|
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| 423 | && exit $PIPESTATUS )</command>: This command runs multiple
|
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| 424 | <filename>Makefile</filename>s to completely rebuild the system.
|
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| 425 | <parameter>2>&1</parameter> redirects error messages to the
|
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| 426 | same location as standard output. The <command>tee</command> command
|
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| 427 | allows viewing of the output while logging the results to a file. The
|
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[bfb7882] | 428 | parentheses around the command runs the entire command in a subshell
|
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[36c3ba1] | 429 | and finally the <command>exit $PIPESTATUS</command> ensures the result
|
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| 430 | of the <command>make</command> is returned as the result and not the
|
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| 431 | result of the <command>tee</command> command.</para>
|
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| 432 |
|
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| 433 | <note>
|
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| 434 | <para>When rebuilding <application>Xorg</application>, a separate
|
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| 435 | command that may be used if only minor changes are made to the sources
|
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| 436 | is <command>make Everything</command>. This does not automatically
|
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| 437 | remove generated files and only rebuilds those files or programs that
|
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| 438 | are out of date.</para>
|
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| 439 | </note>
|
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| 440 |
|
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[b2febe4e] | 441 | <para><command>ln -v -s ...</command>: These commands are present to
|
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[36c3ba1] | 442 | enable other (broken) packages to build against
|
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| 443 | <application>Xorg</application>, even though the Filesystem Hierarchy
|
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| 444 | Standard says: <quote>In general, software must not be installed or
|
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| 445 | managed via the above symbolic links. They are intended for utilization
|
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| 446 | by users only.</quote></para>
|
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| 447 |
|
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[abfff1a5] | 448 | <!-- XFREE86
|
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| 449 | <para>For a list of the package contents, see the sections in the
|
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| 450 | <xref linkend="xfree86-contents"/>.</para>
|
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| 451 | XFREE86 -->
|
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[36c3ba1] | 452 |
|
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| 453 | </sect2>
|
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[d5d9ceb] | 454 |
|
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[feeb99a] | 455 | </sect1>
|
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