1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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5 | %general-entities;
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6 | ]>
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7 |
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8 | <sect1 id="xorg7" xreflabel="Xorg-&xorg-version;">
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9 | <?dbhtml filename="xorg7.html"?>
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10 |
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11 | <sect1info>
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12 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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13 | <date>$Date$</date>
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14 | </sect1info>
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15 |
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16 | <title>Introduction to Xorg-&xorg-version;</title>
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17 |
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18 | <indexterm zone="xorg7">
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19 | <primary sortas="a-xorg7">Xorg</primary>
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20 | </indexterm>
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21 |
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22 |
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23 | <para><application>Xorg</application> is a freely redistributable,
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24 | open-source implementation of the <application>X</application> Window
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25 | System. This system provides a client/server interface between display
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26 | hardware (the mouse, keyboard, and video displays) and the desktop
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27 | environment, while also providing both the windowing infrastructure and a
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28 | standardized application interface (API).</para>
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29 |
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30 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
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31 | <ulink url='&blfs-wiki;/Xorg7'/></para>
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32 |
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33 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Xorg Download and Installation
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34 | Instructions</bridgehead>
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35 |
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36 | <para>Xorg-7.0 introduced a completely auto-tooled, modular build system.
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37 | With the new modular build system, it is no longer possible to download
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38 | the entire package in a single file. In fact, there will be well over 100
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39 | packages that need to be fetched from the download location. To assist
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40 | with such a large task, installing <xref linkend="wget"/> is strongly
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41 | recommended for downloading the needed files. A complete
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42 | <application>wget</application> file list is provided for each page
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43 | that includes multiple packages.</para>
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44 |
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45 | <para>Given the number of packages available, deciding which packages you
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46 | need to install for your particular setup may seem a bit overwhelming at
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47 | first. Take a look at
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48 | <ulink url="http://wiki.x.org/wiki/ModuleDescriptions">this page</ulink>
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49 | and
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50 | <ulink url="http://lists.x.org/archives/xorg-modular/2005-November/000801.html">this thread</ulink>
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51 | to get an idea of what you will need. If you are unsure, you should
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52 | install all packages at the cost of extra disk space.</para>
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53 |
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54 | <note>
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55 | <para>Even if you intend to download only the necessary packages, you
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56 | should download the wget file lists. The list of files are ordered by
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57 | dependency, and the package versions listed in the files are known to
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58 | work well with each other. Further, the wget file lists contain comments
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59 | for specific packages that are deprecated or are not recommended to
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60 | install. Newer packages are likely intended for the
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61 | next release of <application>Xorg</application> and have already proved
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62 | to be incompatible with current versions of software installed in BLFS.
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63 | The installed size of <application>Xorg</application> can be reduced
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64 | considerably by installing only the packages that you will need and use,
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65 | however, the BLFS book cannot account for all dependencies and build
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66 | options for the individual <application>Xorg</application> packages.
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67 | The instructions assume that all packages have been built. A
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68 | <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/Xorg7">wiki</ulink>
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69 | page containing dependency information is under development. You are
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70 | encouraged to add to these pages if you discover additional information
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71 | that may be helpful to other users who selectively install individual
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72 | packages.</para>
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73 | </note>
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74 |
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75 | <para>Additionally, because of the large number of repetitive commands,
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76 | you are encouraged to partially automate the build. Instructions have been
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77 | given that utilize the <xref linkend="sudo"/> package. It is recommended that
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78 | you use the <parameter>:NOPASSWD</parameter> configuration option for the
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79 | user that will be building the xorg packages.</para>
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80 |
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81 | <sect2 id="xorg-env" xreflabel="Xorg build environment">
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82 | <title>Setting up the Xorg Build Environment</title>
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83 |
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84 | <note><para>The following instructions assume that the shell
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85 | startup files have been set up as described in
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86 | <xref linkend="postlfs-config-profile" />.
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87 | </para></note>
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88 |
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89 | <para>First, you'll need to create a working directory:</para>
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90 |
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91 | <screen><userinput>mkdir xc &&
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92 | cd xc</userinput></screen>
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93 |
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94 | <para>As with previous releases of the X Window System, it may be
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95 | desirable to install <application>Xorg</application> into an alternate
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96 | prefix. This is no longer common practice among Linux distributions.
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97 | The common installation prefix for <application>Xorg</application> on
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98 | Linux is <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>. There is no
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99 | standard alternate prefix, nor is there any exception in the current
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100 | revision of the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard for Release 7 of the X
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101 | Window System. Alan Coopersmith of Sun Microsystems, has recently
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102 | stated "At Sun, we were using
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103 | <filename class="directory">/usr/X11</filename> and plan to stick with
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104 | it." Only the <filename class="directory">/opt/*</filename> prefix or
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105 | the <filename class="directory">/usr</filename> prefix adhere to the
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106 | current FHS guidelines.</para>
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107 |
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108 | <para>Choose your installation prefix, and set the
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109 | <envar>XORG_PREFIX</envar> variable with the following
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110 | command:</para>
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111 |
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112 | <screen><userinput>export XORG_PREFIX="<replaceable><PREFIX></replaceable>"</userinput></screen>
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113 |
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114 | <para>Throughout these instructions, you will use the following
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115 | <command>configure</command> switches for all of the packages. Create the
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116 | <envar>XORG_CONFIG</envar> variable to use for this parameter
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117 | substitution:</para>
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118 |
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119 | <screen><userinput>export XORG_CONFIG="--prefix=$XORG_PREFIX --sysconfdir=/etc \
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120 | --localstatedir=/var --disable-static"</userinput></screen>
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121 |
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122 | <para>Create an <filename>/etc/profile.d/xorg.sh</filename> configuration
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123 | file containing these variables as the
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124 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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125 |
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126 | <screen><userinput role="root">cat > /etc/profile.d/xorg.sh << "EOF"
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127 | XORG_PREFIX="<replaceable><PREFIX></replaceable>"
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128 | XORG_CONFIG="--prefix=$XORG_PREFIX --sysconfdir=/etc --localstatedir=/var --disable-static"
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129 | export XORG_PREFIX XORG_CONFIG
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130 | EOF
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131 | chmod 644 /etc/profile.d/xorg.sh</userinput></screen>
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132 |
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133 | <note><para>If you've decided to use the standard <filename
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134 | class="directory">/usr</filename> prefix, you can omit the remainder of
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135 | this page and continue at <xref linkend='util-macros'/>.</para></note>
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136 |
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137 | <para>If you've decided to <emphasis>not</emphasis> use the standard
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138 | prefix, be sure to add <filename
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139 | class="directory">$XORG_PREFIX/bin</filename> to your <envar>PATH</envar>
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140 | environment variable, and <filename class="directory">
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141 | $XORG_PREFIX/lib/pkgconfig</filename> and <filename class="directory">
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142 | $XORG_PREFIX/share/pkgconfig</filename> to your
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143 | <envar>PKG_CONFIG_PATH</envar> variable. It is also helpful to specify
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144 | additional search paths for <command>gcc</command> and an include directory
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145 | for the <command>aclocal</command> program. Issue the following commands
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146 | as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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147 |
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148 | <screen><userinput role="root">cat >> /etc/profile.d/xorg.sh << "EOF"
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149 |
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150 | pathappend $XORG_PREFIX/bin PATH
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151 | pathappend $XORG_PREFIX/lib/pkgconfig PKG_CONFIG_PATH
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152 | pathappend $XORG_PREFIX/share/pkgconfig PKG_CONFIG_PATH
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153 |
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154 | pathappend $XORG_PREFIX/lib LIBRARY_PATH
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155 | pathappend $XORG_PREFIX/include C_INCLUDE_PATH
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156 | pathappend $XORG_PREFIX/include CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH
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157 |
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158 | ACLOCAL='aclocal -I $XORG_PREFIX/share/aclocal'
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159 |
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160 | export PATH PKG_CONFIG_PATH ACLOCAL LIBRARY_PATH C_INCLUDE_PATH CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH
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161 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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162 |
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163 | <para>You should also add
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164 | <filename class="directory"> $XORG_PREFIX/lib</filename> to the
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165 | <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file. Again, as the
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166 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user, issue the following
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167 | command:</para>
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168 |
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169 | <screen><userinput role="root">echo "$XORG_PREFIX/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
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170 |
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171 | <para>You should also modify
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172 | <filename>/etc/man_db.conf</filename>, adding appropriate
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173 | MANDATORY_MANPATH, MANPATH_MAP, and MANDB_MAP entries following the
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174 | examples for <filename class="directory">/usr/X11R6</filename>. Issue the
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175 | following command as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
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176 | user:</para>
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177 |
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178 | <screen><userinput role="root">sed "s@/usr/X11R6@<replaceable>$XORG_PREFIX</replaceable>@g" -i /etc/man_db.conf</userinput></screen>
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179 |
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180 | <para>Some applications look for shared files in <filename
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181 | class="directory">/usr/share/X11</filename>. Create a symbolic link to the
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182 | proper location as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
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183 | user:</para>
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184 |
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185 | <screen><userinput role="root">ln -sf $XORG_PREFIX/share/X11 /usr/share/X11</userinput></screen>
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186 |
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187 | <para>If building KDE, some cmake files look for Xorg in places other than
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188 | $XORG_PREFIX. Allow cmake to find Xorg with:</para>
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189 |
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190 | <screen><userinput role="root">ln -sf $XORG_PREFIX /usr/X11R6</userinput></screen>
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191 |
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192 | <para>Finally, if building on x86_64, you will need to create the
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193 | <filename class="directory">$XORG_PREFIX/lib</filename> directory and the
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194 | <filename>$XORG_PREFIX/lib64</filename> symlink. Again, as the
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195 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user, issue the following
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196 | commands:</para>
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197 |
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198 | <screen><userinput role="root">install -v -m755 -d $XORG_PREFIX &&
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199 | install -v -m755 -d $XORG_PREFIX/lib &&
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200 | ln -sf lib $XORG_PREFIX/lib64</userinput></screen>
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201 |
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202 | </sect2>
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203 |
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204 | </sect1>
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