Changeset b51fe6e for networking/netprogs

networking/netprogs/bridgeutils.xml

-              rdcee7a56
+              rb51fe6e
     <title>Introduction to bridge-utils</title>
+    <para>The <application>bridge-utils</application> package contains a utility
+    needed to create and manage bridge devices.  This is useful in setting up
+    networks for a hosted virtual machine (VM).</para>
+    <para>
+      The <application>bridge-utils</application> package contains a utility
+      needed to create and manage bridge devices.  This is useful in setting up
+      networks for a hosted virtual machine (VM).
+    </para>
     &lfs91_checked;
 …
     <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
       <listitem>
+        <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&bridge-download-http;"/></para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&bridge-download-ftp;"/></para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Download MD5 sum: &bridge-md5sum;</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Download size: &bridge-size;</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Estimated disk space required: &bridge-buildsize;</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Estimated build time: &bridge-time;</para>
+        <para>
+          Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&bridge-download-http;"/>
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Download (FTP): <ulink url="&bridge-download-ftp;"/>
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Download MD5 sum: &bridge-md5sum;
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Download size: &bridge-size;
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Estimated disk space required: &bridge-buildsize;
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Estimated build time: &bridge-time;
+        </para>
       </listitem>
     </itemizedlist>
 …
     <title>Kernel Configuration</title>
+    <para>Enable the following options in the kernel configuration
+    and recompile the kernel if necessary:</para>
+    <para>
+      Enable the following options in the kernel configuration
+      and recompile the kernel if necessary:
+    </para>
 <screen><literal>[*] Networking support ---&gt;            [CONFIG_NET]
 …
     <title>Installation of bridge-utils</title>
+    <para>Install <application>bridge-utils</application> by running the following
+    commands:</para>
+    <para>
+      Install <application>bridge-utils</application> by running the following
+      commands:
+    </para>
 <screen><userinput>autoconf                  &amp;&amp;
 …
 make</userinput></screen>
+    <para>Testing the results requires running the six shell scripts in
+    the <filename class='directory'>tools/</filename> directory.
+    Two of the tests require two ethernet ports.  Some tests
+    will not preserve the current network configuration.  See
+    <filename>tests/README</filename> for details.</para>
+    <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
+    <para>
+      Testing the results requires running the six shell scripts in
+      the <filename class='directory'>tools/</filename> directory.
+      Two of the tests require two ethernet ports.  Some tests
+      will not preserve the current network configuration.  See
+      <filename>tests/README</filename> for details.
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
+    </para>
 <screen role="root"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
 …
       <title>Configuration Information</title>
+      <para>To automate bridge creation and configuration,
+      install the <filename>/lib/services/etc/bridge</filename>
+      service script included in the <xref linkend="bootscripts"/>
+      package.</para>
+      <para>
+        To automate bridge creation and configuration,
+        install the <filename>/lib/services/etc/bridge</filename>
+        service script included in the <xref linkend="bootscripts"/>
+        package.
+      </para>
       <indexterm zone="bridgeutils bridgeutils-init">
 …
 <screen role="root"><userinput>make install-service-bridge</userinput></screen>
+      <note><para>The <filename>bridge</filename> script depends
+      on the commands <command>/sbin/ifup</command> and
+      <command>/sbin/ifdown</command> and the service script
+      <emphasis>ipv4-static</emphasis> from the <emphasis>LFS</emphasis>
+      bootscripts dated January 27, 2012 or later.</para></note>
+      <para>The following configuration file will create a bridge device at
+      boot time and attach the eth0 device to it.  If more than one device is
+      desired, use a space separated list of INTERFACE_COMPONENTS.  This
+      configuration is useful when planning to run a virtual machine such as
+      kvm/qemu.</para>
+      <para>Other SERVICE combinations are possible, for example,
+      SERVICES="bridge dhcp".  In that case, the address parameters
+      are not needed, but do not interfere if present. The
+      bridge service may also be used alone, but will require
+      additional subsequent configuration.</para>
+      <caution><para>Do not run a parallel configuration for a device in the
+      INTERFACE_COMPONENTS list.  For instance, in the example below, do not
+      configure <filename>/etc/sysconfig/ifconfig.eth0</filename> to run at
+      boot time.  The command <command>ifdown br0</command> followed by
+      command <command>ifup eth0</command> will work, but don't try to have
+      both up at the same time.</para></caution>
+      <note>
+        <para>
+          The <filename>bridge</filename> script depends
+          on the commands <command>/sbin/ifup</command> and
+          <command>/sbin/ifdown</command> and the service script
+          <emphasis>ipv4-static</emphasis> from the <emphasis>LFS</emphasis>
+          bootscripts dated January 27, 2012 or later.
+        </para>
+      </note>
+      <para>
+        The following configuration file will create a bridge device at
+        boot time and attach the eth0 device to it.  If more than one device is
+        desired, use a space separated list of INTERFACE_COMPONENTS.  This
+        configuration is useful when planning to run a virtual machine such as
+        kvm/qemu.
+      </para>
+      <para>
+        Other SERVICE combinations are possible, for example,
+        SERVICES="bridge dhcp".  In that case, the address parameters
+        are not needed, but do not interfere if present. The
+        bridge service may also be used alone, but will require
+        additional subsequent configuration.
+      </para>
+      <caution>
+        <para>
+          Do not run a parallel configuration for a device in the
+          INTERFACE_COMPONENTS list.  For instance, in the example below, do not
+          configure <filename>/etc/sysconfig/ifconfig.eth0</filename> to run at
+          boot time.  The command <command>ifdown br0</command> followed by
+          command <command>ifup eth0</command> will work, but don't try to have
+          both up at the same time.
+        </para>
+      </caution>
 <screen role="root"><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/sysconfig/ifconfig.br0 &lt;&lt; "EOF"
 …
 EOF</userinput></screen>
+      <para>All addresses should be changed to meet your circumstance.</para>
+      <para>
+        All addresses should be changed to meet your circumstance.
+      </para>
     </sect3>
 …
     <sect3 id='bridgeutils-init-systemd' revision="systemd">
       <title>Configuration Information</title>
+      <para>TBA</para>
+      <para>
+        TBA
+      </para>
     </sect3>
 …
         <term><command>brctl</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a program  used to set up, maintain, and inspect the
+          ethernet bridge configuration in the linux kernel.  </para>
+          <para>
+            is a program  used to set up, maintain, and inspect the
+            ethernet bridge configuration in the linux kernel.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="bridgeutils brctl">
             <primary sortas="b-brctl">brctl</primary>

networking/netprogs/cifsutils.xml

-              rdcee7a56
+              rb51fe6e
    <title>Introduction to cifs-utils</title>
+    <para>The <application>cifs-utils</application> provides a means for
+    mounting SMB/CIFS shares on a Linux system.</para>
+    <para>
+      The <application>cifs-utils</application> provides a means for
+      mounting SMB/CIFS shares on a Linux system.
+    </para>
     &lfs91_checked;
 …
     <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
       <listitem>
+        <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&cifsutils-download-http;"/></para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&cifsutils-download-ftp;"/></para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Download MD5 sum: &cifsutils-md5sum;</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Download size: &cifsutils-size;</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Estimated disk space required: &cifsutils-buildsize;</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Estimated build time: &cifsutils-time;</para>
+        <para>
+          Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&cifsutils-download-http;"/>
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Download (FTP): <ulink url="&cifsutils-download-ftp;"/>
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Download MD5 sum: &cifsutils-md5sum;
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Download size: &cifsutils-size;
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Estimated disk space required: &cifsutils-buildsize;
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Estimated build time: &cifsutils-time;
+        </para>
       </listitem>
     </itemizedlist>
 …
       <xref linkend="mitkrb"/>,
       <xref linkend="samba"/>, and
+      <ulink url="http://people.redhat.com/sgrubb/libcap-ng/">libcap-ng</ulink> or
+      <xref linkend="libcap-pam"/>
+      <xref linkend="libcap-pam"/> or
+      <ulink url="http://people.redhat.com/sgrubb/libcap-ng/">
+        libcap-ng
+      </ulink>
     </para>
 …
     <title>Installation of cifs-utils</title>
+    <para>Install <application>cifs-utils</application> by running the following
+    commands:</para>
+    <para>
+      Install <application>cifs-utils</application> by running the following
+      commands:
+    </para>
 <screen revision="sysv"><userinput>autoreconf -fiv           &amp;&amp;
 …
 make</userinput></screen>
+    <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
+    <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
+    <para>
+      This package does not come with a test suite.
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
+    </para>
 <!-- Note to editors: You need to define ROOTSBINDIR and man8dir, like this:
 …
   <sect2 role="commands">
+      <title>Command Explanations</title>
+          <para><parameter>--disable-pam</parameter>: Do not build PAM support.
+            Remove  it and use <option>--with-pamdir</option> (see below),
+            if <xref linkend="linux-pam"/> is installed and you wish
+            PAM support.</para>
+          <para revision="sysv"><parameter>--disable-systemd</parameter>:
+            Disable systemd specific behavior for
+            <command>mount.cifs</command>. Remove it for systems running with
+            systemd.</para>
+          <para><option>--with-pamdir=/lib/security</option>: Install the PAM
+            module in
+            <filename class="directory">/lib/security</filename>.</para>
+    <title>Command Explanations</title>
+    <para>
+      <parameter>--disable-pam</parameter>: Do not build PAM support.
+      Remove it and use <option>--with-pamdir</option> (see below),
+      if <xref linkend="linux-pam"/> is installed and you wish
+      PAM support.
+    </para>
+    <para revision="sysv">
+      <parameter>--disable-systemd</parameter>: Disable systemd specific
+      behavior for <command>mount.cifs</command>.
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      <option>--with-pamdir=/lib/security</option>: Install the PAM
+      module in <filename class="directory">/lib/security</filename>.
+    </para>
   </sect2>
 …
         <term><command>cifs.idmap</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a userspace helper program for the linux CIFS client
+          filesystem. There are a number of activities that the kernel cannot
+          easily do itself. This program is a callout program that does these
+          things for the kernel and then returns the result. It is not intended
+          to be run from the command-line.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a userspace helper program for the linux CIFS client filesystem.
+            There are a number of activities that the kernel cannot easily do
+            itself. This program is a callout program that does these
+            things for the kernel and then returns the result. It is not
+            intended to be run from the command-line.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="cifsutils cifs.idmap">
             <primary sortas="b-cifs.idmap">cifs.idmap</primary>
 …
         <term><command>cifs.upcall</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a userspace helper program for the linux CIFS client
+          filesystem. It is intended to be run when the kernel calls
+          request-key for a particular key type.  It is not intended to be
+          run from the command-line.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a userspace helper program for the linux CIFS client
+            filesystem. It is intended to be run when the kernel calls
+            request-key for a particular key type.  It is not intended to be
+            run from the command-line.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="cifsutils cifs.upcall">
             <primary sortas="b-cifs.upcall">cifs.upcall</primary>
 …
         <term><command>cifscreds</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a tool for managing credentials (username and password)
+          for the purpose of establishing sessions in multiuser mounts.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a tool for managing credentials (username and password)
+            for the purpose of establishing sessions in multiuser mounts.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="cifsutils cifscreds">
             <primary sortas="b-cifscreds">cifscreds</primary>
 …
         <term><command>getcifsacl</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a userspace helper  to display an ACL in a security
+          descriptor for Common Internet File System (CIFS).</para>
+          <para>
+            is a userspace helper  to display an ACL in a security
+            descriptor for Common Internet File System (CIFS).
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="cifsutils getcifsacl">
             <primary sortas="b-getcifsacl">getcifsacl</primary>
 …
         <term><command>mount.cifs</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>mounts a Linux CIFS filesystem. It is usually invoked
+          indirectly by the mount(8) command when using the "-t cifs" option.
+          <para>
+            mounts a Linux CIFS filesystem. It is usually invoked
+            indirectly by the mount(8) command when using the "-t cifs" option.
           </para>
           <indexterm zone="cifsutils mount.cifs">
 …
         <term><command>mount.smb3</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>mounts a SMB3-based filesystem. It is usually invoked
+          indirectly by the mount(8) command when using the "-t smb3" option.
+          <para>
+            mounts a SMB3-based filesystem. It is usually invoked
+            indirectly by the mount(8) command when using the "-t smb3" option.
           </para>
           <indexterm zone="cifsutils mount.smb3">
 …
         <term><command>setcifsacl</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is intended to alter an ACL of a security descriptor for a file
+          system object.</para>
+          <para>
+            is intended to alter an ACL of a security descriptor for a file
+            system object.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="cifsutils setcifsacl">
             <primary sortas="b-setcifsacl">setcifsacl</primary>
 …
         <term><command>smb3-quota</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>displays quota information for a SMB filesystem.</para>
+          <para>
+            displays quota information for a SMB filesystem.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="cifsutils smb2-quota">
             <primary sortas="b-smb2-quota">smb2-quota</primary>
 …
         <term><command>smbinfo</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>displays SMB-specific file information, such as security
+          descriptors and quotas.</para>
+          <para>
+            displays SMB-specific file information, such as security
+            descriptors and quotas.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="cifsutils smbinfo">
             <primary sortas="b-smbinfo">smbinfo</primary>

networking/netprogs/iw.xml

-              rdcee7a56
+              rb51fe6e
     <title>Introduction to iw</title>
+    <para>iw is a new nl80211 based CLI configuration utility for wireless
+    devices. It supports all new drivers that have been added to the kernel
+    recently. The old tool iwconfig, which uses Wireless Extensions interface,
+    is deprecated and it's strongly recommended to switch to iw and nl80211.
+    <para>
+      <application>iw</application> is a new nl80211 based CLI configuration
+      utility for wireless devices. It supports all new drivers that have been
+      added to the kernel recently. The old tool
+      <application>iwconfig</application>, which uses Wireless Extensions
+      interface, is deprecated and it's strongly recommended to switch to
+      <application>iw</application> and nl80211.
     </para>
 …
     <itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
       <listitem>
+        <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&iw-download-http;"/></para>
+        <para>
+          Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&iw-download-http;"/>
+        </para>
       </listitem>
       <listitem>
+        <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&iw-download-ftp;"/></para>
+        <para>
+          Download (FTP): <ulink url="&iw-download-ftp;"/>
+        </para>
       </listitem>
       <listitem>
+        <para>Download MD5 sum: &iw-md5sum;</para>
+        <para>
+          Download MD5 sum: &iw-md5sum;
+        </para>
       </listitem>
       <listitem>
+        <para>Download size: &iw-size;</para>
+        <para>
+          Download size: &iw-size;
+        </para>
       </listitem>
       <listitem>
+        <para>Estimated disk space required: &iw-buildsize;</para>
+        <para>
+          Estimated disk space required: &iw-buildsize;
+        </para>
       </listitem>
       <listitem>
+        <para>Estimated build time: &iw-time;</para>
+        <para>
+          Estimated build time: &iw-time;
+        </para>
       </listitem>
     </itemizedlist>
 …
     </indexterm>
+    <para>To use <application>iw</application>, the kernel must
+    have the appropriate drivers and other support available.  The appropriate
+    bus must also be available.  For older laptops, the PCMCIA bus
+    (CONFIG_PCCARD) needs to be built.  In some cases, this bus support will
+    also need to be built for embedded iw cards.  The appropriate bridge
+    support also needs to be built.  For many modern laptops, the CardBus host
+    bridge (CONFIG_YENTA) will be needed.</para>
+    <para>
+      To use <application>iw</application>, the kernel must have the
+      appropriate drivers and other support available.  The appropriate bus
+      must also be available.  For older laptops, the PCMCIA bus
+      (CONFIG_PCCARD) needs to be built.  In some cases, this bus support will
+      also need to be built for embedded iw cards. The appropriate bridge
+      support also needs to be built. For many modern laptops, the CardBus host
+      bridge (CONFIG_YENTA) will be needed.
+    </para>
+    <para>In addition to the bus, the actual driver for the specific wireless
+    card must also be available.  There are many wireless cards and they don't
+    all work with Linux.  The first place to look for card support is the kernel.
+    The drivers are located in Device Drivers &rarr; Network Device Support
+    &rarr; Wireless LAN (non-hamradio).  There are also external drivers
+    available for some very common cards.  For more information, look
+    at the user notes.</para>
+    <para>
+      In addition to the bus, the actual driver for the specific wireless
+      card must also be available.  There are many wireless cards and they
+      don't all work with Linux.  The first place to look for card support is
+      the kernel.  The drivers are located in Device Drivers &rarr; Network
+      Device Support &rarr; Wireless LAN (non-hamradio).  There are also
+      external drivers available for some very common cards.  For more
+      information, look at the user notes.
+    </para>
+    <para>After the correct drivers are loaded, the interface will
+    appear in <filename>/proc/net/wireless</filename>.</para>
+    <para>
+      After the correct drivers are loaded, the interface will
+      appear in <filename>/proc/net/wireless</filename>.
+    </para>
   </sect2>
 …
     <title>Installation of iw</title>
+      <para>To install <application>iw</application>,
+      use the following commands:</para>
+    <para>
+      To install <application>iw</application>,
+      use the following commands:
+    </para>
 <screen><userinput>sed -i "/INSTALL.*gz/s/.gz//" Makefile &amp;&amp;
 make</userinput></screen>
+      <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
+    <para>
+      This package does not come with a test suite.
+    </para>
+      <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
+    <para>
+      Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
+    </para>
 <screen role="root"><userinput>make SBINDIR=/sbin install</userinput></screen>
 …
     <title>Command Explanations</title>
+    <para><command>sed ...</command>: Install uncompressed manual pages
+    in accordance with other man pages.</para>
+    <para>
+      <command>sed ...</command>: Install uncompressed manual pages
+      in accordance with other man pages.
+    </para>
   </sect2>
 …
         <term><command>iw</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>show / manipulate wireless devices and their configuration</para>
+          <para>
+            shows / manipulates wireless devices and their configuration.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="iw iw-prog">
             <primary sortas="b-iw">iw</primary>

networking/netprogs/ncftp.xml

-              rdcee7a56
+              rb51fe6e
     <title>Introduction to NcFTP</title>
+    <para>The <application>NcFTP</application> package contains
+    a powerful and flexible interface to the Internet standard File Transfer
+    Protocol.  It is intended to replace or supplement the stock
+    <command>ftp</command> program.</para>
+    <para>
+      The <application>NcFTP</application> package contains
+      a powerful and flexible interface to the Internet standard File Transfer
+      Protocol.  It is intended to replace or supplement the stock
+      <command>ftp</command> program.
+    </para>
     &lfs91_checked;
 …
     <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
       <listitem>
+        <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&ncftp-download-http;"/></para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&ncftp-download-ftp;"/></para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Download MD5 sum: &ncftp-md5sum;</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Download size: &ncftp-size;</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Estimated disk space required: &ncftp-buildsize;</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Estimated build time: &ncftp-time;</para>
+        <para>
+          Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&ncftp-download-http;"/>
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Download (FTP): <ulink url="&ncftp-download-ftp;"/>
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Download MD5 sum: &ncftp-md5sum;
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Download size: &ncftp-size;
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Estimated disk space required: &ncftp-buildsize;
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Estimated build time: &ncftp-time;
+        </para>
       </listitem>
     </itemizedlist>
 …
     <title>Installation of NcFTP</title>
+    <para>There are two ways to build <application>NcFTP</application>.
+    The first (and optimal) way builds most of the functionality as a shared library
+    and then builds and installs the program linked against this library.  The
+    second method simply links all of the functionality into the binary statically.
+    This doesn't make the dynamic library available for linking by other applications.
+    You need to choose which method best suits you.  Note that the second method
+    does <emphasis>not</emphasis> create an entirely statically linked binary;
+    only the <filename class="libraryfile">libncftp</filename> parts are statically
+    linked in, in this case. Be aware that building and using the shared library is
+    covered by the Clarified Artistic License; however, developing applications that
+    utilize the shared library is subject to a different license.</para>
+    <para>To install <application>NcFTP</application> using the
+    first (and optimal) method, run the following commands:</para>
+    <para>
+      There are two ways to build <application>NcFTP</application>.  The first
+      (and optimal) way builds most of the functionality as a shared library
+      and then builds and installs the program linked against this library.
+      The second method simply links all of the functionality into the binary
+      statically.  This doesn't make the dynamic library available for linking
+      by other applications.  You need to choose which method best suits you.
+      Note that the second method does <emphasis>not</emphasis> create an
+      entirely statically linked binary; only the <filename
+      class="libraryfile">libncftp</filename> parts are statically linked in,
+      in this case. Be aware that building and using the shared library is
+      covered by the Clarified Artistic License; however, developing
+      applications that utilize the shared library is subject to a different
+      license.
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      To install <application>NcFTP</application> using the
+      first (and optimal) method, run the following commands:
+    </para>
 <screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc &amp;&amp;
 …
 make</userinput></screen>
+    <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
+    <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
+    <para>
+      This package does not come with a test suite.
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
+    </para>
 <screen role='root'><userinput>make -C libncftp soinstall &amp;&amp;
 make install</userinput></screen>
+    <para>To install <application>NcFTP</application> using the
+    second method (with the <filename class="libraryfile">libncftp</filename>
+    functionality linked in statically) run the following commands:</para>
+    <para>
+      To install <application>NcFTP</application> using the
+      second method (with the <filename class="libraryfile">libncftp</filename>
+      functionality linked in statically) run the following commands:
+    </para>
 <screen role="nodump"><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc &amp;&amp;
 make</userinput></screen>
+    <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
+    <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
+    <para>
+      This package does not come with a test suite.
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
+    </para>
 <screen role="nodump"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
 …
     <title>Command Explanations</title>
+    <para><command>make -C ... &amp;&amp; make -C ...</command>:
+    These commands make and install the dynamic library <filename
+    class="libraryfile">libncftp</filename> which is then used to link
+    against when compiling the main program.</para>
+    <para>
+      <command>make -C ... &amp;&amp; make -C ...</command>:
+      These commands make and install the dynamic library <filename
+      class="libraryfile">libncftp</filename> which is then used to link
+      against when compiling the main program.
+    </para>
   </sect2>
 …
       <title>Config Files</title>
+      <para><filename>/etc/ncftp.*</filename> and
+      <filename>~/.ncftp/*</filename>; especially
+      <filename>/etc/ncftp.prefs_v3</filename> and
+      <filename>~/.ncftp/prefs_v3</filename></para>
+      <para>
+        <filename>/etc/ncftp.*</filename> and
+        <filename>~/.ncftp/*</filename>; especially
+        <filename>/etc/ncftp.prefs_v3</filename> and
+        <filename>~/.ncftp/prefs_v3</filename>
+      </para>
       <indexterm zone="ncftp ncftp-config">
 …
       <title>Configuration Information</title>
+      <para>Most <application>NcFTP</application> configuration
+      is done while in the program, and the configuration files are dealt with
+      automatically. One exception to this is <filename>~/.ncftp/prefs_v3</filename>.
+      There are various options to alter in there, including:</para>
+      <para>
+        Most <application>NcFTP</application> configuration is done while in
+        the program, and the configuration files are dealt with automatically.
+        One exception to this is <filename>~/.ncftp/prefs_v3</filename>. There
+        are various options to alter in there, including:
+      </para>
 <screen><literal>yes-i-know-about-NcFTPd=yes</literal></screen>
+      <para>This disables the splash screen advertising the
+      <application>NcFTPd</application> server.</para>
+      <para>There are other options in the <filename>prefs_v3</filename> file.
+      Most of these are self-explanatory. Global defaults can be set in
+      <filename>/etc/ncftp.prefs_v3</filename>.</para>
+      <para>
+        This disables the splash screen advertising the
+        <application>NcFTPd</application> server.
+      </para>
+      <para>
+        There are other options in the <filename>prefs_v3</filename> file.
+        Most of these are self-explanatory. Global defaults can be set in
+        <filename>/etc/ncftp.prefs_v3</filename>.
+      </para>
     </sect3>
 …
         <term><command>ncftp</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a browser program for File Transfer Protocol.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a browser program for File Transfer Protocol.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="ncftp ncftp-prog">
             <primary sortas="b-ncftp">ncftp</primary>
 …
         <term><command>ncftpbatch</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is an individual batch FTP job processor.</para>
+          <para>
+            is an individual batch FTP job processor.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="ncftp ncftpbatch">
             <primary sortas="b-ncftpbatch">ncftpbatch</primary>
 …
         <term><command>ncftpbookmarks</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is the <application>NcFTP</application> Bookmark Editor
+          (<application>NCurses</application>-based).</para>
+          <para>
+            is the <application>NcFTP</application> Bookmark Editor
+            (<application>NCurses</application>-based).
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="ncftp ncftpbookmarks">
             <primary sortas="b-ncftpbookmarks">ncftpbookmarks</primary>
 …
         <term><command>ncftpget</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is an internet file transfer program for scripts used to
+          retrieve files.</para>
+          <para>
+            is an internet file transfer program for scripts used to
+            retrieve files.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="ncftp ncftpget">
             <primary sortas="b-ncftpget">ncftpget</primary>
 …
         <term><command>ncftpls</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is an internet file transfer program for scripts used to
+          list files.</para>
+          <para>
+            is an internet file transfer program for scripts used to
+            list files.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="ncftp ncftpls">
             <primary sortas="b-ncftpls">ncftpls</primary>
 …
         <term><command>ncftpput</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is an internet file transfer program for scripts used to
+          transfer files.</para>
+          <para>
+            is an internet file transfer program for scripts used to
+            transfer files.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="ncftp ncftpput">
             <primary sortas="b-ncftpput">ncftpput</primary>
 …
         <term><command>ncftpspooler</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a global batch FTP job processor daemon.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a global batch FTP job processor daemon.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="ncftp ncftpspooler">
             <primary sortas="b-ncftpspooler">ncftpspooler</primary>

networking/netprogs/net-tools.xml

-              rdcee7a56
+              rb51fe6e
     <title>Introduction to Net-tools</title>
+    <para>The <application>Net-tools</application> package is a collection
+    of programs for controlling the network subsystem of the Linux
+    kernel.</para>
+    <para>
+      The <application>Net-tools</application> package is a collection
+      of programs for controlling the network subsystem of the Linux kernel.
+    </para>
     &lfs91_checked;
 …
     <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
       <listitem>
+        <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&net-tools-download-http;"/></para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&net-tools-download-ftp;"/></para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Download MD5 sum: &net-tools-md5sum;</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Download size: &net-tools-size;</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Estimated disk space required: &net-tools-buildsize;</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Estimated build time: &net-tools-time;</para>
+        <para>
+          Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&net-tools-download-http;"/>
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Download (FTP): <ulink url="&net-tools-download-ftp;"/>
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Download MD5 sum: &net-tools-md5sum;
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Download size: &net-tools-size;
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Estimated disk space required: &net-tools-buildsize;
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Estimated build time: &net-tools-time;
+        </para>
       </listitem>
     </itemizedlist>
 …
     <title>Installation of Net-tools</title>
+    <para id="net-tools-automate-example" xreflabel="Net-tools">The
+    instructions below automate the configuration process by piping
+    <command>yes</command> to the <command>make config</command> command. If
+    you wish to run the interactive configuration process (by changing the
+    instruction to just <command>make config</command>), but you are not sure
+    how to answer all the questions, then just accept the defaults. This will
+    be just fine in the majority of cases. What you're asked here is a bunch of
+    questions about which network protocols you've enabled in your kernel. The
+    default answers will enable the tools from this package to work with the
+    most common protocols: TCP, PPP, and several others. You still need to
+    actually enable these protocols in the kernel&mdash;what you do here is
+    merely tell the package to include support for those protocols in its
+    programs, but it's up to the kernel to make the protocols available.</para>
+    <note><para>This package has several unneeded protocols and hardware device
+    specific functions that are obsolete.  To only build the minimum needed for
+    your system, skip the <command>yes</command> command and answer each
+    question interactively.  The minimum needed options are 'UNIX protocol
+    family' and 'INET (TCP/IP) protocol family'.</para></note>
+    <para>The patch below cleans up the installation so that it does not
+    overwrite the <application>ifconfig</application> and
+    <application>hostname</application> programs that were installed in LFS.</para>
+    <para>Install <application>Net-tools</application> by running the
+    following commands:</para>
+    <para id="net-tools-automate-example" xreflabel="Net-tools">
+      The instructions below automate the configuration process by piping
+      <command>yes</command> to the <command>make config</command> command.
+      If you wish to run the interactive configuration process (by changing
+      the instruction to just <command>make config</command>), but you are
+      not sure how to answer all the questions, then just accept the defaults.
+      This will be just fine in the majority of cases. What you're asked here
+      is a bunch of questions about which network protocols you've enabled
+      in your kernel. The default answers will enable the tools from this
+      package to work with the most common protocols: TCP, PPP, and several
+      others. You still need to actually enable these protocols in the
+      kernel&mdash;what you do here is merely tell the package to include
+      support for those protocols in its programs, but it's up to the kernel
+      to make the protocols available.
+    </para>
+    <note>
+      <para>
+        This package has several unneeded protocols and hardware device
+        specific functions that are obsolete. To only build the minimum needed
+        for your system, skip the <command>yes</command> command and answer
+        each question interactively.  The minimum needed options are 'UNIX
+        protocol family' and 'INET (TCP/IP) protocol family'.
+      </para>
+    </note>
+    <para>
+      The patch below cleans up the installation so that it does not
+      overwrite the <application>ifconfig</application> and
+      <application>hostname</application> programs that were installed in LFS.
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      Install <application>Net-tools</application> by running the
+      following commands:
+    </para>
 <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../net-tools-&net-tools-version;-remove_dups-1.patch &amp;&amp;
 …
 make</userinput></screen>
+    <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
+    <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
+    <para>
+      This package does not come with a test suite.
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
+    </para>
 <screen role='root'><userinput>make update</userinput></screen>
 …
     <title>Command Explanations</title>
+    <para><command>sed -i '/#include &lt;netinet\/ip.h&gt;/d' iptunnel.c</command>:
+    This fixes build breakage with linux-4.8 headers.</para>
+    <para>
+      <command>sed -i '/#include &lt;netinet\/ip.h&gt;/d' iptunnel.c</command>:
+      This fixes build breakage with linux-4.8 headers.
+    </para>
 <!--
+    <para><command>sed -i -e '/Token/s/y$/n/' config.in</command>: Change the
+    default for building obsolete token ring support to no.  This is a
+    simpler change than changing the location for the token ring headers.
+    </para>
+    <para><command>sed -i -e '/HAVE_HWSTRIP/s/y$/n/' config.in</command>:
+    Removes obsolete Metricom radio support that requires a header no longer
+    included in the kernel.  </para>
+    <para>
+      <command>sed -i -e '/Token/s/y$/n/' config.in</command>: Change the
+      default for building obsolete token ring support to no.  This is a
+      simpler change than changing the location for the token ring headers.
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      <command>sed -i -e '/HAVE_HWSTRIP/s/y$/n/' config.in</command>:
+      Removes obsolete Metricom radio support that requires a header no longer
+      included in the kernel.
+    </para>
 -->
+    <para><command>yes "" | make config</command>: Piping <command>yes</command>
+    to <command>make config</command> skips the interactive configuration and
+    accepts the defaults.</para>
+    <para>
+      <command>yes "" | make config</command>: Piping <command>yes</command>
+      to <command>make config</command> skips the interactive configuration and
+      accepts the defaults.
+    </para>
   </sect2>
 …
         <term><command>arp</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is used to manipulate the kernel's ARP cache, usually
+          to add or delete an entry, or to dump the entire cache.</para>
+          <para>
+            is used to manipulate the kernel's ARP cache, usually
+            to add or delete an entry, or to dump the entire cache.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="net-tools arp">
             <primary sortas="b-arp">arp</primary>
 …
         <term><command>dnsdomainname</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>reports the system's DNS domain name.</para>
+          <para>
+            reports the system's DNS domain name.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="net-tools dnsdomainname">
             <primary sortas="b-dnsdomainname">dnsdomainname</primary>
 …
         <term><command>domainname</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>reports or sets the system's NIS/YP domain name.</para>
+          <para>
+            reports or sets the system's NIS/YP domain name.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="net-tools domainname">
             <primary sortas="b-domainname">domainname</primary>
 …
         <term><command>hostname</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>reports or sets the name of the current host system.</para>
+          <para>
+            reports or sets the name of the current host system.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="net-tools hostname">
             <primary sortas="b-hostname">hostname</primary>
 …
         <term><command>ifconfig</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is the main utility for configuring network interfaces.</para>
+          <para>
+            is the main utility for configuring network interfaces.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="net-tools ifconfig">
             <primary sortas="b-ifconfig">ifconfig</primary>
 …
         <term><command>ipmaddr</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>adds, deletes and shows an interface's multicast addresses.</para>
+          <para>
+            adds, deletes and shows an interface's multicast addresses.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="net-tools ipmaddr">
             <primary sortas="b-ipmaddr">ipmaddr</primary>
 …
         <term><command>iptunnel</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>adds, changes, deletes and shows an interface's tunnels.</para>
+          <para>
+            adds, changes, deletes and shows an interface's tunnels.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="net-tools iptunnel">
             <primary sortas="b-iptunnel">iptunnel</primary>
 …
         <term><command>mii-tool</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>checks or sets the status of a network interface's Media Independent
+          Interface (MII) unit.</para>
+          <para>
+            checks or sets the status of a network interface's Media
+            Independent Interface (MII) unit.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="net-tools mii-tool">
             <primary sortas="b-mii-tool">mii-tool</primary>
 …
         <term><command>nameif</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>names network interfaces based on MAC addresses.</para>
+          <para>
+            names network interfaces based on MAC addresses.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="net-tools nameif">
             <primary sortas="b-nameif">nameif</primary>
 …
         <term><command>netstat</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is used to report network connections, routing tables, and interface
+          statistics.</para>
+          <para>
+            is used to report network connections, routing tables, and
+            interface statistics.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="net-tools netstat">
             <primary sortas="b-netstat">netstat</primary>
 …
         <term><command>nisdomainname</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>does the same as <command>domainname</command>.</para>
+          <para>
+            does the same as <command>domainname</command>.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="net-tools nisdomainname">
             <primary sortas="b-nisdomainname">nisdomainname</primary>
 …
         <term><command>plipconfig</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is used to fine tune the PLIP device parameters, to
+          improve its performance.</para>
+          <para>
+            is used to fine tune the PLIP device parameters, to
+            improve its performance.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="net-tools plipconfig">
             <primary sortas="b-plipconfig">plipconfig</primary>
 …
         <term><command>rarp</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is used to manipulate the kernel's RARP table.</para>
+          <para>
+            is used to manipulate the kernel's RARP table.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="net-tools rarp">
             <primary sortas="b-rarp">rarp</primary>
 …
         <term><command>route</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is used to manipulate the IP routing table.</para>
+          <para>
+            is used to manipulate the IP routing table.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="net-tools route">
             <primary sortas="b-route">route</primary>
 …
         <term><command>slattach</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>attaches a network interface to a serial line. This allows you to use
+          normal terminal lines for point-to-point links to other computers.</para>
+          <para>
+            attaches a network interface to a serial line. This allows you to
+            use normal terminal lines for point-to-point links to others
+            computers.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="net-tools slattach">
             <primary sortas="b-slattach">slattach</primary>
 …
         <term><command>ypdomainname</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>does the same as <command>domainname</command>.</para>
+          <para>
+            does the same as <command>domainname</command>.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="net-tools ypdomainname">
             <primary sortas="b-ypdomainname">ypdomainname</primary>

networking/netprogs/netfs.xml

-              rdcee7a56
+              rb51fe6e
   </indexterm>
+  <para>While LFS is capable of mounting network file systems such as NFS,
+  these are not mounted by the <filename>mountfs</filename> init script.
+  Network file systems must be mounted after the networking is activated and
+  unmounted before the network goes down.  The <filename>netfs</filename>
+  bootscript was written to handle both boot-time mounting of network
+  filesystems, if the entry in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> contains the
+  <option>_netdev</option> option, and unmounting of all network filesystems
+  before the network is brought down.</para>
+  <para>
+    While LFS is capable of mounting network file systems such as NFS,
+    these are not mounted by the <filename>mountfs</filename> init script.
+    Network file systems must be mounted after the networking is activated and
+    unmounted before the network goes down.  The <filename>netfs</filename>
+    bootscript was written to handle both boot-time mounting of network
+    filesystems, if the entry in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> contains the
+    <option>_netdev</option> option, and unmounting of all network filesystems
+    before the network is brought down.
+  </para>
+  <para>As the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user, install
+  the <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/netfs</filename> bootscript included with the
+  <xref linkend="bootscripts"/> package.</para>
+  <para>
+    As the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user, install the
+    <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/netfs</filename> bootscript included with the
+    <xref linkend="bootscripts"/> package.
+  </para>
 <screen role='root'><userinput>make install-netfs</userinput></screen>

networking/netprogs/netprogs.xml

-              rdcee7a56
+              rb51fe6e
   <title>Networking Programs</title>
+  <para>These applications are generally client applications used to
+  access the appropriate server across the building or across the world.
+  <application>Tcpwrappers</application> and <application>portmap</application>
+  are support programs for daemons that you may have running on your machine.</para>
+  <para>
+    These applications are generally client applications used to
+    access the appropriate server across the building or across the world.
+    <application>Tcpwrappers</application> and
+    <application>portmap</application> are support programs for daemons that
+    you may have running on your machine.
+  </para>
   <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="bridgeutils.xml"/>

networking/netprogs/nfs-utils.xml

-              rdcee7a56
+              rb51fe6e
     <title>Introduction to NFS Utilities</title>
+    <para>The <application>NFS Utilities</application> package contains the
+    userspace server and client tools necessary to use the kernel's NFS
+    abilities. NFS is a protocol that allows sharing file systems over the
+    network.</para>
+    <para>
+      The <application>NFS Utilities</application> package contains the
+      userspace server and client tools necessary to use the kernel's NFS
+      abilities. NFS is a protocol that allows sharing file systems over the
+      network.
+    </para>
     &lfs91_checked;
 …
     <itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
       <listitem>
+        <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&nfs-utils-download-http;"/></para>
+        <para>
+          Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&nfs-utils-download-http;"/>
+        </para>
       </listitem>
       <listitem>
+        <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&nfs-utils-download-ftp;"/></para>
+        <para>
+          Download (FTP): <ulink url="&nfs-utils-download-ftp;"/>
+        </para>
       </listitem>
       <listitem>
+        <para>Download MD5 sum: &nfs-utils-md5sum;</para>
+        <para>
+          Download MD5 sum: &nfs-utils-md5sum;
+        </para>
       </listitem>
       <listitem>
+        <para>Download size: &nfs-utils-size;</para>
+        <para>
+          Download size: &nfs-utils-size;
+        </para>
       </listitem>
       <listitem>
+        <para>Estimated disk space required: &nfs-utils-buildsize;</para>
+        <para>
+          Estimated disk space required: &nfs-utils-buildsize;
+        </para>
       </listitem>
       <listitem>
+        <para>Estimated build time: &nfs-utils-time;</para>
+        <para>
+          Estimated build time: &nfs-utils-time;
+        </para>
       </listitem>
     </itemizedlist>
 …
       <xref linkend="sqlite"/>,
       <xref linkend="mitkrb"/> or
+      <ulink url="http://www.citi.umich.edu/projects/nfsv4/linux/">libgssapi</ulink>, and
+      <ulink url="http://www.citi.umich.edu/projects/nfsv4/linux/">librpcsecgss</ulink> (for GSS and RPC security support) and
+      <ulink url="http://www.citi.umich.edu/projects/nfsv4/linux/">
+        libgssapi
+      </ulink>, and
+      <ulink url="http://www.citi.umich.edu/projects/nfsv4/linux/">
+        librpcsecgss
+      </ulink> (for GSS and RPC security support), and
       <xref linkend="libcap-pam"/>
     </para>
 …
     <title>Kernel Configuration</title>
+    <para>Enable the following options in the kernel configuration
+    (choose client and/or server support as appropriate) and recompile the
+    kernel if necessary:</para>
+    <para>
+      Enable the following options in the kernel configuration
+      (choose client and/or server support as appropriate) and recompile the
+      kernel if necessary:
+    </para>
 <screen><literal>File systems  ---&gt;
 …
     &lt;*/M&gt; NFS server support             [CONFIG_NFSD]</literal></screen>
+    <para>Select the appropriate sub-options that appear when the above options
+    are selected.</para>
+    <para>
+      Select the appropriate sub-options that appear when the above options
+      are selected.
+    </para>
     <note>
 …
     <title>Installation of NFS Utilities</title>
+    <para>Before you compile the program, ensure that the <systemitem
+    class="username">nobody</systemitem> user and <systemitem
+    class="groupname">nogroup</systemitem> group have been created as done in
+    the current LFS book.  You can add them by running the following commands
+    as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
+    <para>
+      Before you compile the program, ensure that the <systemitem
+      class="username">nobody</systemitem> user and <systemitem
+      class="groupname">nogroup</systemitem> group have been created as done in
+      the current LFS book.  You can add them by running the following commands
+      as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
+    </para>
 <screen role="nodump"><userinput>groupadd -g 99 nogroup &amp;&amp;
 …
     <note>
+      <para>The classic uid and gid values are 65534 which is also -2 when
+      interpreted as a signed 16-bit number.  These values impact other files
+      on some filesystems that do not have support for sparse files.  The
+      <systemitem class="username">nobody</systemitem> and <systemitem
+      class="groupname">nogroup</systemitem> values are relatively arbitrary.
+      The impact on a server is nil if the <filename>exports</filename> file
+      is configured correctly. If it is misconfigured, an
+      <command>ls -l</command> or <command>ps</command> listing will show a
+      uid or gid number of 65534 instead of a name. The client uses <systemitem
+      class="username">nobody</systemitem> only as the user running
+      <command>rpc.statd</command>.</para>
+      <para>
+        The classic uid and gid values are 65534 which is also -2 when
+        interpreted as a signed 16-bit number.  These values impact other files
+        on some filesystems that do not have support for sparse files.  The
+        <systemitem class="username">nobody</systemitem> and <systemitem
+        class="groupname">nogroup</systemitem> values are relatively arbitrary.
+        The impact on a server is nil if the <filename>exports</filename> file
+        is configured correctly. If it is misconfigured, an
+        <command>ls -l</command> or <command>ps</command> listing will show a
+        uid or gid number of 65534 instead of a name. The client uses
+        <systemitem class="username">nobody</systemitem> only as the user
+        running <command>rpc.statd</command>.
+      </para>
     </note>
+    <para>Install <application>NFS Utilities</application> by running
+    the following commands:</para>
+    <para>
+      Install <application>NFS Utilities</application> by running
+      the following commands:
+    </para>
 <screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr          \
 …
     <!-- Test breakage: see
     http://lists.linuxfromscratch.org/pipermail/blfs-book/2017-December/071861.html -->
+    <para>This package does not come with a working test suite.</para>
+    <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
+    <para>
+      This package does not come with a working test suite.
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
+    </para>
 <!-- dev note: make statduser=$(whoami) DESTDIR=<DESTDIR> install -->
 …
     <!-- commented, in case the tests get fixed
+    <para>The tests for this package require that the package be installed and
+    configured as specified below.  In addition, the daemon from <xref
+    linkend="rpcbind"/> needs to be running and the tests need to be run as the
+    <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user.</para>
+    <para>To test the results, issue, as root: <command>make check</command>.</para>-->
+    <para>
+      The tests for this package require that the package be installed and
+      configured as specified below.  In addition, the daemon from <xref
+      linkend="rpcbind"/> needs to be running and the tests need to be run as
+      the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user.
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      To test the results, issue, as root: <command>make check</command>.
+    </para>-->
   </sect2>
 …
     <title>Command Explanations</title>
 <!--
+    <para><command>sed ... support/nsm/rpc.c</command>: This sed it required
+    to fix a build issue with glibc-2.26 and later.</para>
+    <para>
+      <command>sed ... support/nsm/rpc.c</command>: This sed it required
+      to fix a build issue with glibc-2.26 and later.
+    </para>
 -->
+    <para><parameter>--disable-nfsv4</parameter>: This allows the package to be
+    built when libnfsidmap has not been installed.</para>
+    <para><parameter>--disable-gss</parameter>: Disables support for
+    RPCSEC GSS (RPC Security).</para>
+    <para><command>chown nobody.nogroup /var/lib/nfs</command>: The
+    rpc.statd program uses the ownership of this directory to set
+    it's UID and GID.  This command sets those to unprivileged entries.
+    <para>
+      <parameter>--disable-nfsv4</parameter>: This allows the package to be
+      built when libnfsidmap has not been installed.
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      <parameter>--disable-gss</parameter>: Disables support for
+      RPCSEC GSS (RPC Security).
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      <command>chown nobody.nogroup /var/lib/nfs</command>: The
+      rpc.statd program uses the ownership of this directory to set
+      it's UID and GID.  This command sets those to unprivileged entries.
     </para>
 …
       <title>Server Configuration</title>
+      <para><filename>/etc/exports</filename> contains the exported directories
+      on NFS servers. Refer to the <filename>exports.5</filename> manual page
+      for the syntax of this file. Also refer to the "NFS HowTo" available at
+      <ulink url="http://nfs.sourceforge.net/nfs-howto/"/> for information on
+      how to configure the servers and clients in a secure manner. For example,
+      for sharing the <filename class="directory">/home</filename> directory
+      over the local network, the following line may be added:</para>
+      <para>
+        <filename>/etc/exports</filename> contains the exported directories
+        on NFS servers. Refer to the <filename>exports.5</filename> manual page
+        for the syntax of this file. Also refer to the "NFS HowTo" available at
+        <ulink url="http://nfs.sourceforge.net/nfs-howto/"/> for information on
+        how to configure the servers and clients in a secure manner. For
+        example, for sharing the <filename class="directory">/home</filename>
+        directory over the local network, the following line may be added:
+      </para>
 <screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/exports &lt;&lt; EOF
 …
 EOF</userinput></screen>
+      <note><para>Be sure to replace the directory, network address. and prefix above
+      to match your network.  The only space in the line above should be between
+      the directory and the network address.</para></note>
+      <note>
+        <para>
+          Be sure to replace the directory, network address. and prefix above
+          to match your network.  The only space in the line above should be
+          between the directory and the network address.
+        </para>
+      </note>
       <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-server-config">
 …
                <phrase revision="systemd">Systemd Units</phrase></title>
+        <para>Install the
+        <phrase revision="sysv"><filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/nfs-server</filename>
+        init script</phrase>
+        <phrase revision="systemd">NFSv4 server units</phrase>
+        included in the <xref linkend="bootscripts" revision="sysv"/>
+        <xref linkend="systemd-units" revision="systemd"/> package
+        to start the server at boot.</para>
+        <para>
+          Install the
+          <phrase revision="sysv">
+            <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/nfs-server</filename>
+            init script
+          </phrase>
+          <phrase revision="systemd">NFSv4 server units</phrase>
+          included in the <xref linkend="bootscripts" revision="sysv"/>
+          <xref linkend="systemd-units" revision="systemd"/> package
+          to start the server at boot.
+        </para>
 <screen role="root" revision="systemd"><userinput>make install-nfsv4-server</userinput></screen>
 …
         </indexterm>
+        <para revision="sysv">Now create the
+        <para revision="sysv">
+          Now create the
           <filename>/etc/sysconfig/nfs-server</filename> configuration file:
         </para>
 …
         <note revision="sysv">
+          <para>The above parameters may be optionally placed in
+          <para>
+            The above parameters may be optionally placed in
             <filename>/etc/sysconfig/rc.site</filename>.
           </para>
 …
         </indexterm>
       </sect4>
 …
       <title>Client Configuration</title>
+      <para><filename>/etc/fstab</filename> contains the directories that
+      are to be mounted on the client. Alternately the partitions can be
+      mounted by using the <command>mount</command> command with the proper
+      options. To mount the <filename class="directory">/home</filename>
+      and <filename class="directory">/usr</filename> partitions, add the
+      following to the <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>:</para>
+      <para>
+        <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> contains the directories that
+        are to be mounted on the client. Alternately the partitions can be
+        mounted by using the <command>mount</command> command with the proper
+        options. To mount the <filename class="directory">/home</filename>
+        and <filename class="directory">/usr</filename> partitions, add the
+        following to the <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>:
+      </para>
 <screen role="nodump"><userinput><replaceable>&lt;server-name&gt;</replaceable>:/home  /home nfs   rw,_netdev 0 0
 <replaceable>&lt;server-name&gt;</replaceable>:/usr   /usr  nfs   ro,_netdev 0 0</userinput></screen>
+      <para>The options which can be used are specified in <command>man 5 nfs</command>.
+      If both the client and server are running recent versions of linux, most of the
+      options will be negotiated (but see the Note above on nfsver=3). You can specify
+      either <literal>rw</literal> or
+      <literal>ro</literal>, <literal>_netdev</literal> if the filesystem is to be
+      automatically mounted at boot, or <literal>noauto</literal> (and perhaps
+      <literal>user</literal>) for other filesystems.</para>
+      <para>If the fileserver is not running a recent version of linux, you may need to
+      specifiy other options.</para>
+      <para>If you are using systemd, you may need to enable autofs v4 in your kernel,
+      and add the option <literal>comment=systemd.automount</literal>. Some machines
+      need this, because systemd tries to mount the external fs&apos;s before the network
+      is up, others do not need it. An alternative is for <systemitem
+      class="username">root</systemitem> to run <command>mount -a</command>.</para>
+      <para>
+        The options which can be used are specified in <command>man 5 nfs
+        </command>. If both the client and server are running recent versions
+        of linux, most of the options will be negotiated (but see the Note
+        above on nfsver=3). You can specify either <literal>rw</literal> or
+        <literal>ro</literal>, <literal>_netdev</literal> if the filesystem is
+        to be automatically mounted at boot, or <literal>noauto</literal> (and
+        perhaps <literal>user</literal>) for other filesystems.
+      </para>
+      <para>
+        If the fileserver is not running a recent version of linux, you may
+        need to specifiy other options.
+      </para>
+      <para revision="systemd">
+        You may need to enable autofs v4 in your kernel, and add the option
+        <literal>comment=systemd.automount</literal>. Some machines need this,
+        because systemd tries to mount the external fs&apos;s before the
+        network is up, others do not need it. An alternative is for
+        <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> to run
+        <command>mount -a</command>.
+      </para>
       <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-client-config">
 …
         </note>
+        <para>Install the
+        <phrase revision="sysv">
+        <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/nfs-client</filename> init script</phrase>
+        <phrase revision="systemd">units</phrase> included in the
+        <xref linkend="bootscripts" revision="sysv"/>
+        <xref linkend="systemd-units" revision="systemd"/> package to start
+        the client services at boot.</para>
+        <para>
+          Install the
+          <phrase revision="sysv">
+            <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/nfs-client</filename> init script
+          </phrase>
+          <phrase revision="systemd">units</phrase> included in the
+          <xref linkend="bootscripts" revision="sysv"/>
+          <xref linkend="systemd-units" revision="systemd"/> package to start
+          the client services at boot.
+        </para>
 <screen role="root"><userinput>make install-nfs-client</userinput></screen>
 …
         </indexterm>
+        <para revision="sysv">To automatically mount <systemitem
+        class="filesystem">nfs</systemitem> filesystems, clients will also need
+        to install the <filename>netfs</filename> bootscript as described in
+        <xref linkend="postlfs-config-netfs"/>.</para>
+        <para revision="sysv">
+          To automatically mount <systemitem class="filesystem">nfs
+          </systemitem> filesystems, clients will also need to install the
+          <filename>netfs</filename> bootscript as described in <xref
+          linkend="postlfs-config-netfs"/>.
+        </para>
         <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-client-config" revision="sysv">
 …
         <term><command>exportfs</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>maintains a list of NFS exported file systems.</para>
+          <para>
+            maintains a list of NFS exported file systems.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="nfs-utils exportfs">
             <primary sortas="b-exportfs">exportfs</primary>
 …
         <term><command>mountstats</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>displays NFS client per-mount statistics.</para>
+          <para>
+            displays NFS client per-mount statistics.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="nfs-utils mountstats">
             <primary sortas="b-mountstats">mountstats</primary>
 …
         <term><command>mount.nfs</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is used to mount a network share using NFS</para>
+          <para>
+            is used to mount a network share using NFS.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="nfs-utils mount.nfs">
             <primary sortas="b-mount.nfs">mount.nfs</primary>
 …
         <term><command>mount.nfs4</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is used to mount a network share using NFSv4</para>
+          <para>
+            is used to mount a network share using NFSv4.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="nfs-utils mount.nfs4">
             <primary sortas="b-mount.nfs4">mount.nfs4</primary>
 …
         <term><command>nfsconf</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>can be used to test for and retrieve configuration settings from
+          a range of nfs-utils configuration files.</para>
+          <para>
+            can be used to test for and retrieve configuration settings from
+            a range of nfs-utils configuration files.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfsconf">
             <primary sortas="b-nfsconf">nfsconf</primary>
 …
         <term><command>nfsiostat</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>reports input/output statistics for network filesystems.</para>
+          <para>
+            reports input/output statistics for network filesystems.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfsiostat-nfs-utils">
             <primary sortas="b-nfsiostat-nfs-utils">nfsiostat</primary>
 …
         <term><command>nfsstat</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>displays statistics kept about NFS client and server activity.</para>
+          <para>
+            displays statistics kept about NFS client and server activity.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfsstat">
             <primary sortas="b-nfsstat">nfsstat</primary>
 …
         <term><command>osd_login</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a script that is a part of the autologin feature
+           mandated by the pnfs-objects standard.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a script that is a part of the autologin feature
+            mandated by the pnfs-objects standard.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="nfs-utils osd_login">
             <primary sortas="b-osd_login">osd_login</primary>
 …
         <term><command>rpc.mountd</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>implements the NFS mount protocol on an NFS server.</para>
+          <para>
+            implements the NFS mount protocol on an NFS server.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="nfs-utils rpc.mountd">
             <primary sortas="b-rpc.mountd">rpc.mountd</primary>
 …
         <term><command>rpc.nfsd</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>implements the user level part of the NFS
+          service on the server.</para>
+          <para>
+            implements the user level part of the NFS
+            service on the server.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="nfs-utils rpc.nfsd">
             <primary sortas="b-rpc.nfsd">rpc.nfsd</primary>
 …
         <term><command>rpc.statd</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is used by the NFS file locking service. Run on both sides,
+          client as well as server, when you want file locking enabled.</para>
+          <para>
+            is used by the NFS file locking service. Run on both sides,
+            client as well as server, when you want file locking enabled.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="nfs-utils rpc.statd">
             <primary sortas="b-rpc.statd">rpc.statd</primary>
 …
         <term><command>rpcdebug</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>sets or clears the kernel's NFS client and server debug
+          flags.</para>
+          <para>
+            sets or clears the kernel's NFS client and server debug flags.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="nfs-utils rpcdebug">
             <primary sortas="b-rpcdebug">rpcdebug</primary>
 …
         <term><command>showmount</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>displays mount information for an NFS server.</para>
+          <para>
+            displays mount information for an NFS server.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="nfs-utils showmount">
             <primary sortas="b-showmount">showmount</primary>
 …
         <term><command>sm-notify</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is used to send Network Status Monitor reboot messages.</para>
+          <para>
+            is used to send Network Status Monitor reboot messages.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="nfs-utils sm-notify">
             <primary sortas="b-sm-notify">sm-notify</primary>
 …
         <term><command>start-statd</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a script called by nfsmount when mounting a filesystem with
+          locking enabled, if statd does not appear to be running. It can be
+          customised with whatever flags are appropriate for the site.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a script called by nfsmount when mounting a filesystem with
+            locking enabled, if statd does not appear to be running. It can be
+            customised with whatever flags are appropriate for the site.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="nfs-utils start-statd">
             <primary sortas="b-start-statd">start-statd</primary>
 …
         <term><command>umount.nfs</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is used to unmount a network share using NFS</para>
+          <para>
+            is used to unmount a network share using NFS.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="nfs-utils umount.nfs">
             <primary sortas="b-umount.nfs">umount.nfs</primary>
 …
         <term><command>umount.nfs4</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is used to unmount a network share using NFSv4</para>
+          <para>
+            is used to unmount a network share using NFSv4.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="nfs-utils umount.nfs4">
             <primary sortas="b-umount.nfs4">umount.nfs4</primary>

networking/netprogs/ntp.xml

-              rdcee7a56
+              rb51fe6e
     <title>Introduction to ntp</title>
+    <para>The <application>ntp</application> package contains a
+    client and server to keep the time synchronized between various computers over
+    a network. This package is the official reference implementation of the
+    NTP protocol.</para>
+    <para>
+      The <application>ntp</application> package contains a client and server
+      to keep the time synchronized between various computers over
+      a network. This package is the official reference implementation of the
+      NTP protocol.
+    </para>
     &lfs91_checked;
 …
     <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
       <listitem>
+        <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&ntp-download-http;"/></para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&ntp-download-ftp;"/></para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Download MD5 sum: &ntp-md5sum;</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Download size: &ntp-size;</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Estimated disk space required: &ntp-buildsize;</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Estimated build time: &ntp-time;</para>
+        <para>
+          Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&ntp-download-http;"/>
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Download (FTP): <ulink url="&ntp-download-ftp;"/>
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Download MD5 sum: &ntp-md5sum;
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Download size: &ntp-size;
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Estimated disk space required: &ntp-buildsize;
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Estimated build time: &ntp-time;
+        </para>
       </listitem>
     </itemizedlist>
 …
       <command>update-leap</command>)
 <!- - The download code for update-leap uses the File::Fetch perl module,
      which may use wget, or lynx, or some core perl modules, so maybe move
      to optional - ->
+      which may use wget, or lynx, or some core perl modules, so maybe move
+      to optional - ->
     </para>
 -->
 …
     <title>Command Explanations</title>
+    <para><envar>CFLAGS="-O2 -g -fPIC"</envar>: This environment variable
+    is necessary to generate Position Independent Code needed for
+    use in the package libraries.</para>
+    <para><parameter>--bindir=/usr/sbin</parameter>: This parameter places
+    the administrative programs in <filename
+    class="directory">/usr/sbin</filename>.</para>
+    <para><parameter>--enable-linuxcaps</parameter>: ntpd is run as user
+    ntp, so use Linux capabilities for non-root clock control.</para>
+    <para><parameter>--with-lineeditlibs=readline</parameter>: This switch
+    enables <application>Readline</application> support for
+    <command>ntpdc</command> and <command>ntpq</command> programs. If omitted,
+    <application>libedit</application> will be used if installed, otherwise no
+    readline capabilites will be compiled.</para>
+    <para>
+      <envar>CFLAGS="-O2 -g -fPIC"</envar>: This environment variable
+      is necessary to generate Position Independent Code needed for
+      use in the package libraries.
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      <parameter>--bindir=/usr/sbin</parameter>: This parameter places
+      the administrative programs in <filename
+      class="directory">/usr/sbin</filename>.
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      <parameter>--enable-linuxcaps</parameter>: ntpd is run as user
+      ntp, so use Linux capabilities for non-root clock control.
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      <parameter>--with-lineeditlibs=readline</parameter>: This switch
+      enables <application>Readline</application> support for
+      <command>ntpdc</command> and <command>ntpq</command> programs. If omitted,
+      <application>libedit</application> will be used if installed, otherwise no
+      readline capabilites will be compiled.
+    </para>
   </sect2>
 …
       <title>Config Files</title>
+      <para><filename>/etc/ntp.conf</filename></para>
+      <para>
+        <filename>/etc/ntp.conf</filename>
+      </para>
       <indexterm zone="ntp ntp-config">
 …
       <title>Configuration Information</title>
+      <para>The following configuration file first defines various ntp
+      servers with open access from different continents. Second, it
+      creates a drift file where <command>ntpd</command> stores the
+      frequency offset and a pid file to store the
+      <command>ntpd</command> process ID. Third, it defines the location
+      for the leap-second definition file
+      <filename>/etc/ntp.leapseconds</filename>, that the
+      <command>update-leap</command> script checks and updates, when
+      necessary. This script can be run as a cron job and the
+      <application>ntp</application> developers recommend a frequency of
+      about three weeks for the updates. Since the documentation included
+      with the package is sparse, visit the ntp website at
+      <ulink url="http://www.ntp.org/"/> and
+      <ulink url="http://www.pool.ntp.org/"/> for more information.</para>
+      <para>
+        The following configuration file first defines various ntp
+        servers with open access from different continents. Second, it
+        creates a drift file where <command>ntpd</command> stores the
+        frequency offset and a pid file to store the
+        <command>ntpd</command> process ID. Third, it defines the location
+        for the leap-second definition file
+        <filename>/etc/ntp.leapseconds</filename>, that the
+        <command>update-leap</command> script checks and updates, when
+        necessary. This script can be run as a cron job and the
+        <application>ntp</application> developers recommend a frequency of
+        about three weeks for the updates. Since the documentation included
+        with the package is sparse, visit the ntp website at
+        <ulink url="http://www.ntp.org/"/> and
+        <ulink url="http://www.pool.ntp.org/"/> for more information.
+      </para>
 <screen role="root"><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ntp.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
 …
       <para>
         You may wish to add a <quote>Security session</quote>. For
         explanations, see
         <ulink url="https://www.eecis.udel.edu/~mills/ntp/html/accopt.html#restrict"/>.
+        explanations, see <ulink url=
+        "https://www.eecis.udel.edu/~mills/ntp/html/accopt.html#restrict"/>.
       </para>
 …
       <title>Synchronizing the Time</title>
+      <para>There are two options. Option one is to run <command>ntpd</command>
+      continuously and allow it to synchronize the time in a gradual manner. The
+      other option is to run <command>ntpd</command> periodically (using cron)
+      and update the time each time <command>ntpd</command> is scheduled.</para>
+      <para>If you choose Option one, then install the
+      <phrase revision="sysv"><filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/ntp</filename>
+      init script</phrase>
+      <phrase revision="systemd"><filename>ntpd.service</filename> unit</phrase>
+      included in the
+      <xref linkend="bootscripts" revision="sysv"/>
+      <xref linkend="systemd-units" revision="systemd"/> package.</para>
+      <para>
+        There are two options. Option one is to run <command>ntpd</command>
+        continuously and allow it to synchronize the time in a gradual manner.
+        The other option is to run <command>ntpd</command> periodically (using
+        cron) and update the time each time <command>ntpd</command> is
+        scheduled.
+      </para>
+      <para>
+        If you choose Option one, then install the
+        <phrase revision="sysv"><filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/ntp</filename>
+        init script</phrase>
+        <phrase revision="systemd"><filename>ntpd.service</filename>
+        unit</phrase>
+        included in the
+        <xref linkend="bootscripts" revision="sysv"/>
+        <xref linkend="systemd-units" revision="systemd"/> package.
+      </para>
       <indexterm zone="ntp ntp-init" revision="sysv">
 …
 <screen role="root"><userinput>make install-ntpd</userinput></screen>
+      <para>If you prefer to run <command>ntpd</command> periodically, add the
+      following command to <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>'s
+      <filename>crontab</filename>:</para>
+      <para>
+        If you prefer to run <command>ntpd</command> periodically, add the
+        following command to <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>'s
+        <filename>crontab</filename>:
+      </para>
 <screen><literal>ntpd -q</literal></screen>
+      <para revision="sysv">Execute the following command if you would like to
+      set the hardware clock to the current system time at shutdown and
+      reboot:</para>
+      <para revision="sysv">
+        Execute the following command if you would like to set the hardware
+        clock to the current system time at shutdown and reboot:
+      </para>
 <screen role="root" revision="sysv"><userinput>ln -v -sf ../init.d/setclock /etc/rc.d/rc0.d/K46setclock &amp;&amp;
 ln -v -sf ../init.d/setclock /etc/rc.d/rc6.d/K46setclock</userinput></screen>
+      <para revision="sysv">The other way around is already set up by
+      LFS.</para>
+      <para revision="sysv">
+        The other way around is already set up by LFS.
+      </para>
     </sect3>
 …
         <term><command>calc_tickadj</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>calculates optimal value for tick given ntp drift file.</para>
+          <para>
+            calculates optimal value for tick given ntp drift file.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="ntp calc_tickadj">
             <primary sortas="b-calc_tickadj">calc_tickadj</primary>
 …
         <term><command>ntp-keygen</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>generates cryptographic data files used by the NTPv4 authentication
+          and identification schemes.</para>
+          <para>
+            generates cryptographic data files used by the NTPv4 authentication
+            and identification schemes.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="ntp ntp-keygen">
             <primary sortas="b-ntp-keygen">ntp-keygen</primary>
 …
         <term><command>ntp-wait</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is useful at boot time, to delay the boot sequence until
+          <command>ntpd</command> has set the time.</para>
+          <para>
+            is useful at boot time, to delay the boot sequence until
+            <command>ntpd</command> has set the time.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="ntp ntp-wait">
             <primary sortas="b-ntp-wait">ntp-wait</primary>
 …
         <term><command>ntpd</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a ntp daemon that runs in the background and keeps
+          the date and time synchronized based on response from configured
+          ntp servers. It also functions as a ntp server.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a ntp daemon that runs in the background and keeps
+            the date and time synchronized based on response from configured
+            ntp servers. It also functions as a ntp server.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="ntp ntpd">
             <primary sortas="b-ntpd">ntpd</primary>
 …
         <term><command>ntpdate</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a client program that sets the date and time based on
+          the response from an ntp server. This command is deprecated.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a client program that sets the date and time based on
+            the response from an ntp server. This command is deprecated.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="ntp ntpdate">
             <primary sortas="b-ntpdate">ntpdate</primary>
 …
         <term><command>ntpdc</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is used to query the ntp daemon about its current state
+          and to request changes in that state.</para>
+          <para>
+            is used to query the ntp daemon about its current state
+            and to request changes in that state.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="ntp ntpdc">
             <primary sortas="b-ntpdc">ntpdc</primary>
 …
         <term><command>ntpq</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a utility program used to monitor <command>ntpd</command>
+          operations and determine performance.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a utility program used to monitor <command>ntpd</command>
+            operations and determine performance.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="ntp ntpq">
             <primary sortas="b-ntpq">ntpq</primary>
 …
         <term><command>ntptime</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>reads and displays time-related kernel variables.</para>
+          <para>
+            reads and displays time-related kernel variables.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="ntp ntptime">
             <primary sortas="b-ntptime">ntptime</primary>
 …
         <term><command>ntptrace</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>traces a chain of ntp servers back to the primary source.</para>
+          <para>
+            traces a chain of ntp servers back to the primary source.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="ntp ntptrace">
             <primary sortas="b-ntptrace">ntptrace</primary>
 …
         <term><command>sntp</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) client.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) client.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="ntp sntp">
             <primary sortas="b-sntp">sntp</primary>
 …
         <term><command>tickadj</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>reads, and optionally modifies, several timekeeping-related
+          variables in older kernels that do not have support for precision
+          timekeeping.</para>
+          <para>
+            reads, and optionally modifies, several timekeeping-related
+            variables in older kernels that do not have support for precision
+            timekeeping.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="ntp tickadj">
             <primary sortas="b-tickadj">tickadj</primary>
 …
         <term><command>update-leap</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a script to verify and, if necessary, update the leap-second
+          definition file.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a script to verify and, if necessary, update the leap-second
+            definition file.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="ntp update-leap">
             <primary sortas="b-update-leap">update-leap</primary>

networking/netprogs/othernetprogs.xml

-              rdcee7a56
+              rb51fe6e
   <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/othernetprogs"/></para>
+  <para><application>NCPFS</application> contains client and administration
+  tools for use with Novell networks.  See the User Notes for details.</para>
+  <para>
+    <application>NCPFS</application> contains client and administration
+    tools for use with Novell networks.  See the User Notes for details.
+  </para>
 </sect1>

networking/netprogs/rpcbind.xml

-              rdcee7a56
+              rb51fe6e
     <title>Introduction to rpcbind</title>
+    <para>The <application>rpcbind</application> program is a replacement for
+    <application>portmap</application>.  It is required for import or export
+    of Network File System (NFS) shared directories. </para>
+    <para>
+      The <application>rpcbind</application> program is a replacement for
+      <application>portmap</application>.  It is required for import or export
+      of Network File System (NFS) shared directories.
+    </para>
     &lfs91_checked;
 …
     <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
       <listitem>
+        <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&rpcbind-download-http;"/></para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&rpcbind-download-ftp;"/></para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Download MD5 sum: &rpcbind-md5sum;</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Download size: &rpcbind-size;</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Estimated disk space required: &rpcbind-buildsize;</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Estimated build time: &rpcbind-time;</para>
+        <para>
+          Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&rpcbind-download-http;"/>
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Download (FTP): <ulink url="&rpcbind-download-ftp;"/>
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Download MD5 sum: &rpcbind-md5sum;
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Download size: &rpcbind-size;
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Estimated disk space required: &rpcbind-buildsize;
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Estimated build time: &rpcbind-time;
+        </para>
       </listitem>
     </itemizedlist>
 …
     <!-- Packages should adapt to standards, not the other way around -->
+    <para>In order to get <application>rpcbind</application> to work
+    properly, first fix the package to use correct service name:</para>
+    <para>
+      In order to get <application>rpcbind</application> to work
+      properly, first fix the package to use correct service name:
+    </para>
 <screen><userinput>sed -i "/servname/s:rpcbind:sunrpc:" src/rpcbind.c</userinput></screen>
+    <para>Install <application>rpcbind</application> by running the following
+    commands:</para>
+    <para>
+      Install <application>rpcbind</application> by running the following
+      commands:
+    </para>
 <screen revision="sysv"><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../rpcbind-&rpcbind-version;-vulnerability_fixes-1.patch &amp;&amp;
 …
 make</userinput></screen>
+    <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
+    <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
+    <para>
+      This package does not come with a test suite.
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
+    </para>
 <screen role="root"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
 …
     <title>Command Explanations</title>
+    <para revision="sysv"><command>--with-rpcuser=root</command>: This works
+    around an error in the configure script.</para>
+    <para revision="sysv"><command>--without-systemdsystemunitdir</command>:
+    This version of BLFS does not support systemd.</para>
+    <para revision="systemd"><parameter>--with-rpcuser=rpc</parameter>:
+    This switch is used so the <command>rpcbind</command> daemon will
+    run as an unprivileged user instead of the
+    <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user.</para>
+    <para revision="sysv">
+      <command>--with-rpcuser=root</command>: This works
+      around an error in the configure script.
+    </para>
+    <para revision="sysv">
+      <command>--without-systemdsystemunitdir</command>:
+      This version of BLFS does not support systemd.
+    </para>
+    <para revision="systemd">
+      <parameter>--with-rpcuser=rpc</parameter>:
+      This switch is used so the <command>rpcbind</command> daemon will
+      run as an unprivileged user instead of the
+      <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user.
+    </para>
   </sect2>
 …
              <phrase revision="systemd">Systemd Unit</phrase></title>
+      <para>Install the
+      <phrase revision="sysv"><filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/rpcbind</filename>
+      init script</phrase>
+      <phrase revision="systemd"><filename>rpcbind.service</filename>
+      unit</phrase> included in the
+      <xref linkend="bootscripts" revision="sysv"/>
+      <xref linkend="systemd-units" revision="systemd"/> package.</para>
+      <para>
+        Install the
+        <phrase revision="sysv"><filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/rpcbind</filename>
+        init script</phrase>
+        <phrase revision="systemd"><filename>rpcbind.service</filename>
+        unit</phrase> included in the
+        <xref linkend="bootscripts" revision="sysv"/>
+        <xref linkend="systemd-units" revision="systemd"/> package.
+      </para>
       <indexterm zone="rpcbind rpcbind-init" revision="sysv">
          <primary sortas="f-rpcbind">rpcbind</primary>
+        <primary sortas="f-rpcbind">rpcbind</primary>
       </indexterm>
       <indexterm zone="rpcbind rpcbind-init" revision="systemd">
          <primary sortas="f-rpcbind">rpcbind.service</primary>
+        <primary sortas="f-rpcbind">rpcbind.service</primary>
       </indexterm>
 …
         <term><command>rpcbind</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a server that converts RPC program numbers into universal
+          addresses.  It must be running on the host to be able to make RPC
+          calls on a server on that machine.  </para>
+          <para>
+            is a server that converts RPC program numbers into universal
+            addresses.  It must be running on the host to be able to make RPC
+            calls on a server on that machine.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="rpcbind rpcbind-prog">
             <primary sortas="b-rpcbind">rpcbind</primary>
 …
         <term><command>rpcinfo</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>makes an RPC call to an RPC server and reports data according
+          to the requested options.  </para>
+          <para>
+            makes an RPC call to an RPC server and reports data according
+            to the requested options.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="rpcbind rpcinfo">
             <primary sortas="b-rpcinfo">rpcinfo</primary>

networking/netprogs/rsync.xml

-              rdcee7a56
+              rb51fe6e
     <title>Introduction to rsync</title>
+    <para>The <application>rsync</application> package contains the
+    <command>rsync</command> utility. This is useful for synchronizing large
+    file archives over a network.</para>
+    <para>
+      The <application>rsync</application> package contains the
+      <command>rsync</command> utility. This is useful for synchronizing large
+      file archives over a network.
+    </para>
     &lfs91_checked;
 …
     <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
       <listitem>
+        <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&rsync-download-http;"/></para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&rsync-download-ftp;"/></para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Download MD5 sum: &rsync-md5sum;</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Download size: &rsync-size;</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Estimated disk space required: &rsync-buildsize;</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Estimated build time: &rsync-time;</para>
+        <para>
+          Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&rsync-download-http;"/>
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Download (FTP): <ulink url="&rsync-download-ftp;"/>
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Download MD5 sum: &rsync-md5sum;
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Download size: &rsync-size;
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Estimated disk space required: &rsync-buildsize;
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Estimated build time: &rsync-time;
+        </para>
       </listitem>
     </itemizedlist>
 …
     <title>Installation of rsync</title>
+    <para>For security reasons, running the <application>rsync</application>
+    server as an unprivileged user and group is encouraged. If you intend to
+    run <command>rsync</command> as a daemon, create the
+    <systemitem class="username">rsyncd</systemitem> user and group
+    with the following commands issued by the
+    <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
+    <para>
+      For security reasons, running the <application>rsync</application>
+      server as an unprivileged user and group is encouraged. If you intend to
+      run <command>rsync</command> as a daemon, create the
+      <systemitem class="username">rsyncd</systemitem> user and group
+      with the following commands issued by the
+      <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
+    </para>
 <screen role="root"><userinput>groupadd -g 48 rsyncd &amp;&amp;
 …
     -s /bin/false -u 48 rsyncd</userinput></screen>
+    <para>Install <application>rsync</application> by running the following
+    commands:</para>
+    <para>
+      Install <application>rsync</application> by running the following
+      commands:
+    </para>
 <screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --without-included-zlib &amp;&amp;
 make</userinput></screen>
+    <para>If you have <xref linkend="doxygen"/> installed and wish to
+    build HTML API documentation, issue:</para>
+    <para>
+      If you have <xref linkend="doxygen"/> installed and wish to
+      build HTML API documentation, issue:
+    </para>
 <screen remap="doc"><userinput>doxygen</userinput></screen>
+    <para>To test the results, issue: <command>make check</command>.</para>
+    <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
+    <para>
+      To test the results, issue: <command>make check</command>.
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
+    </para>
 <screen role='root'><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
+    <para>If you built the documentation, install it using the following
+    commands as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
+    <para>
+      If you built the documentation, install it using the following
+      commands as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
+    </para>
 <screen role='root'
 …
       <title>Config Files</title>
+      <para><filename>/etc/rsyncd.conf</filename></para>
+      <para>
+        <filename>/etc/rsyncd.conf</filename>
+      </para>
       <indexterm zone="rsync rsync-config">
 …
       <title>Configuration Information</title>
+      <para>For client access to remote files, you may need to install the
+      <xref linkend="openssh"/> package to connect to the remote server.</para>
+      <para>This is a simple download-only configuration to set up running
+      <command>rsync</command> as a server. See the rsyncd.conf(5)
+      man-page for additional options (i.e., user authentication).</para>
+      <para>
+        For client access to remote files, you may need to install the
+        <xref linkend="openssh"/> package to connect to the remote server.
+      </para>
+      <para>
+        This is a simple download-only configuration to set up running
+        <command>rsync</command> as a server. See the rsyncd.conf(5)
+        man-page for additional options (i.e., user authentication).
+      </para>
 <screen role="root"><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/rsyncd.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
 …
 EOF</userinput></screen>
+    <para>You can find additional configuration information and general
+    documentation about <command>rsync</command> at
+    <ulink url="http://rsync.samba.org/documentation.html"/>.</para>
+      <para>
+        You can find additional configuration information and general
+        documentation about <command>rsync</command> at
+        <ulink url="http://rsync.samba.org/documentation.html"/>.
+      </para>
     </sect3>
 …
              <phrase revision="systemd">Systemd Unit</phrase></title>
+      <para>Note that you only want to start the
+      <application>rsync</application> server if you want to provide an
+      <application>rsync</application> archive on your local machine.
+      You don't need this <phrase revision="sysv">script</phrase>
+      <phrase revision="systemd">unit</phrase> to run the
+      <application>rsync</application> client.</para>
+      <para>Install the
+      <phrase revision="sysv"><filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/rsyncd</filename> init
+      script</phrase>
+      <phrase revision="systemd"><filename>rsyncd.service</filename>
+      unit</phrase> included in the
+      <xref linkend="bootscripts" revision="sysv"/>
+      <xref linkend="systemd-units" revision="systemd"/> package.</para>
+      <para>
+        Note that you only want to start the
+        <application>rsync</application> server if you want to provide an
+        <application>rsync</application> archive on your local machine.
+        You don't need this <phrase revision="sysv">script</phrase>
+        <phrase revision="systemd">unit</phrase> to run the
+        <application>rsync</application> client.
+      </para>
+      <para>
+        Install the
+        <phrase revision="sysv"><filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/rsyncd</filename>
+        init script</phrase>
+        <phrase revision="systemd"><filename>rsyncd.service</filename>
+        unit</phrase> included in the
+        <xref linkend="bootscripts" revision="sysv"/>
+        <xref linkend="systemd-units" revision="systemd"/> package.
+      </para>
 <screen role="root"><userinput>make install-rsyncd</userinput></screen>
       <note revision="systemd">
+        <para>This package comes with two types of units: A service file and a
+        socket file. The service file will start rsync daemon once at boot
+        and it will keep running until the system shuts down. The socket file
+        will make systemd listen on rsync port (Default 873, needs to be
+        edited for anything else) and will start rsync daemon when something
+        tries to connect to that port and stop the daemon when the connection
+        is terminated. This is called socket activation and is analogous to
+        using <application>{,x}inetd</application> on a SysVinit based
+        system.</para>
+        <para>By default, the first method is used - rsync daemon is started
+        at boot and stopped at shutdown. If the socket method is desired, you
+        need to run as the
+        <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
+        <para>
+          This package comes with two types of units: A service file and a
+          socket file. The service file will start rsync daemon once at boot
+          and it will keep running until the system shuts down. The socket file
+          will make systemd listen on rsync port (Default 873, needs to be
+          edited for anything else) and will start rsync daemon when something
+          tries to connect to that port and stop the daemon when the connection
+          is terminated. This is called socket activation and is analogous to
+          using <application>{,x}inetd</application> on a SysVinit based
+          system.
+        </para>
+        <para>
+          By default, the first method is used - rsync daemon is started
+          at boot and stopped at shutdown. If the socket method is desired, you
+          need to run as the
+          <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
+        </para>
 <screen role="nodump"><userinput>systemctl stop rsyncd &amp;&amp;
 …
 systemctl start rsyncd.socket</userinput></screen>
+        <para>Note that socket method is only useful for remote backups. For
+        local backups you'll need the service method.</para>
+        <para>
+          Note that socket method is only useful for remote backups. For
+          local backups you'll need the service method.
+        </para>
       </note>
 …
         <term><command>rsync</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a replacement for <command>rcp</command> (and
+          <command>scp</command>) that has many more features. It uses the
+          <quote>rsync algorithm</quote> which provides a very fast method of
+          syncing remote files. It does this by sending just the differences
+          in the files across the link, without requiring that both sets of
+          files are present at one end of the link beforehand.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a replacement for <command>rcp</command> (and
+            <command>scp</command>) that has many more features. It uses the
+            <quote>rsync algorithm</quote> which provides a very fast method of
+            syncing remote files. It does this by sending just the differences
+            in the files across the link, without requiring that both sets of
+            files are present at one end of the link beforehand.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="rsync rsync-prog">
             <primary sortas="b-rsync">rsync</primary>

networking/netprogs/samba.xml

-              rdcee7a56
+              rb51fe6e
     <title>Introduction to Samba</title>
+    <para>The <application>Samba</application> package provides file and print
+    services to SMB/CIFS clients and Windows networking to Linux clients.
+    <application>Samba</application> can also be configured as a Windows Domain
+    Controller replacement, a file/print server acting as a member of a Windows
+    Active Directory domain and a NetBIOS (rfc1001/1002) nameserver (which
+    among other things provides LAN browsing support).</para>
+    <para>
+      The <application>Samba</application> package provides file and print
+      services to SMB/CIFS clients and Windows networking to Linux clients.
+      <application>Samba</application> can also be configured as a Windows
+      Domain Controller replacement, a file/print server acting as a member
+      of a Windows Active Directory domain and a NetBIOS (rfc1001/1002)
+      nameserver (which among other things provides LAN browsing support).
+    </para>
     &lfs91_checked;
 …
     <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
       <listitem>
+        <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&samba-download-http;"/></para>
+        <para>
+          Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&samba-download-http;"/>
+        </para>
       </listitem>
       <listitem>
+        <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&samba-download-ftp;"/></para>
+        <para>
+          Download (FTP): <ulink url="&samba-download-ftp;"/>
+        </para>
       </listitem>
       <listitem>
+        <para>Download MD5 sum: &samba-md5sum;</para>
+        <para>
+          Download MD5 sum: &samba-md5sum;
+        </para>
       </listitem>
       <listitem>
+        <para>Download size: &samba-size;</para>
+        <para>
+          Download size: &samba-size;
+        </para>
       </listitem>
       <listitem>
+        <para>Estimated disk space required: &samba-buildsize;</para>
+        <para>
+          Estimated disk space required: &samba-buildsize;
+        </para>
       </listitem>
       <listitem>
+        <para>Estimated build time: &samba-time;</para>
+        <para>
+          Estimated build time: &samba-time;
+        </para>
       </listitem>
     </itemizedlist>
 …
     <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional (for the Developer Test Suite)</bridgehead>
+    <para role="optional">Install in listed order:
+    <xref linkend="six"/>,
+    <ulink url="&pypi;/argparse/">argparse</ulink>,
+    <ulink url="&pypi;/extras/">extras</ulink>,
+    <ulink url="&pypi;/py/">py</ulink>,
+    <ulink url="&pypi;/enum34/">enum34</ulink>,
+    <ulink url="&pypi;/hypothesis/">hypothesis</ulink>,
+    <ulink url="&pypi;/pytest/">pytest</ulink>,
+    <ulink url="&pypi;/coverage/">coverage</ulink>,
+    <ulink url="&pypi;/pytest-cov/">pytest-cov</ulink>,
+    <ulink url="&pypi;/doctools/">doctools</ulink>,
+    <ulink url="&pypi;/unittest2/">unittest2</ulink>,
+    <ulink url="&pypi;/testtools/">testtools</ulink>,
+    <ulink url="&pypi;/fixtures/">fixtures</ulink>,
+    <ulink url="&pypi;/python-mimeparse/">python-mimeparse</ulink>,
+    <ulink url="&pypi;/contextlib2/">contextlib2</ulink>,
+    <ulink url="&pypi;/traceback2/">traceback2</ulink>,
+    <ulink url="&pypi;/linecache2/">linecache2</ulink>,
+    <ulink url="&pypi;/testscenarios/">testscenarios</ulink>,
+    <ulink url="&pypi;/testresources/">testresources</ulink>,
+    <ulink url="&pypi;/virtualenv/">virtualenv</ulink>,
+    <ulink url="&pypi;/pbr/">pbr</ulink>, and
+    <ulink url="&pypi;/python-subunit/">python-subunit</ulink></para>
+    <para role="optional">
+      Install in listed order:
+      <xref linkend="six"/>,
+      <ulink url="&pypi;/argparse/">argparse</ulink>,
+      <ulink url="&pypi;/extras/">extras</ulink>,
+      <ulink url="&pypi;/py/">py</ulink>,
+      <ulink url="&pypi;/enum34/">enum34</ulink>,
+      <ulink url="&pypi;/hypothesis/">hypothesis</ulink>,
+      <ulink url="&pypi;/pytest/">pytest</ulink>,
+      <ulink url="&pypi;/coverage/">coverage</ulink>,
+      <ulink url="&pypi;/pytest-cov/">pytest-cov</ulink>,
+      <ulink url="&pypi;/doctools/">doctools</ulink>,
+      <ulink url="&pypi;/unittest2/">unittest2</ulink>,
+      <ulink url="&pypi;/testtools/">testtools</ulink>,
+      <ulink url="&pypi;/fixtures/">fixtures</ulink>,
+      <ulink url="&pypi;/python-mimeparse/">python-mimeparse</ulink>,
+      <ulink url="&pypi;/contextlib2/">contextlib2</ulink>,
+      <ulink url="&pypi;/traceback2/">traceback2</ulink>,
+      <ulink url="&pypi;/linecache2/">linecache2</ulink>,
+      <ulink url="&pypi;/testscenarios/">testscenarios</ulink>,
+      <ulink url="&pypi;/testresources/">testresources</ulink>,
+      <ulink url="&pypi;/virtualenv/">virtualenv</ulink>,
+      <ulink url="&pypi;/pbr/">pbr</ulink>, and
+      <ulink url="&pypi;/python-subunit/">python-subunit</ulink>
+    </para>
     <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
 …
     <title>Installation of Samba</title>
+    <para>Fix a test that always fails:</para>
+    <para>
+      Fix a test that always fails:
+    </para>
 <screen><userinput>echo "^samba4.rpc.echo.*on.*ncacn_np.*with.*object.*nt4_dc" >> selftest/knownfail</userinput></screen>
+    <para>Install <application>Samba</application> by running the following
+    commands:</para>
+    <para>
+      Install <application>Samba</application> by running the following
+      commands:
+    </para>
 <screen revision="sysv"><userinput>CFLAGS="-I/usr/include/tirpc"          \
 …
 make</userinput></screen>
+    <para>To test the results, as the
+    <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user, issue:
+    <command>make quicktest</command>. The test suite will produce lines that
+    look like failures, but these are innocuous. The last few lines of output
+    should report <emphasis>"ALL OK"</emphasis> for a good test run. A summary
+    of any failures can be found in
+    <filename class="directory">./st/summary</filename>.</para>
+    <!-- If doing a security update or a new minor version (point releases do not apply
+    here), run 'make testenv' before running 'make test' and 'make subunit-test'. This
+    will setup the test environment and make the tests run faster, as well as point
+    out any glaring issues that might affect the new Samba installation. With 4.10.4,
+    I got 236 failures, 73 errors, and 2 unexpected successes. These were all known
+    upstream, and you can find them in the knownfail list in their git repo.
+    This is per Upstream's recommendation over IRC.-->
+    <para>
+      To test the results, as the
+      <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user, issue:
+      <command>make quicktest</command>. The test suite will produce lines that
+      look like failures, but these are innocuous. The last few lines of output
+      should report <emphasis>"ALL OK"</emphasis> for a good test run. A summary
+      of any failures can be found in
+      <filename class="directory">./st/summary</filename>.
+    </para>
+    <!--
+      If doing a security update or a new minor version (point releases do not
+      apply here), run 'make testenv' before running 'make test' and 'make
+      subunit-test'. This will setup the test environment and make the tests
+      run faster, as well as point out any glaring issues that might affect
+      the new Samba installation. With 4.10.4, I got 236 failures, 73 errors,
+      and 2 unexpected successes. These were all known upstream, and you can
+      find them in the knownfail list in their git repo. This is per
+      Upstream's recommendation over IRC.
+    -->
     <note>
+      <para>Additionally, developer test suites are available. If you've
+      installed the optional python modules above, you can run these tests with
+      <command>make test</command>. It is not recommended for the average
+      builder at around 290 SBU and over a gigabyte of disk space, and you
+      should expect ~73 errors and ~30 failures from the 3000+ tests.</para>
+      <para>
+        Additionally, developer test suites are available. If you've installed
+        the optional python modules above, you can run these tests with
+        <command>make test</command>. It is not recommended for the average
+        builder at around 290 SBU and over a gigabyte of disk space, and you
+        should expect ~73 errors and ~30 failures from the 3000+ tests.
+      </para>
     </note>
+    <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
+    <para>
+      Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
+    </para>
 <screen role="root"><userinput>make install &amp;&amp;
 …
     <title>Command Explanations</title>
+    <para><parameter>--enable-fhs</parameter>: Assigns all other file paths in
+    a manner compliant with the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS).</para>
+    <para revision="sysv"><parameter>--without-systemd</parameter>: Disable
+    <application>systemd</application> integration, since it is not built
+    in the System V version of LFS/BLFS.</para>
+    <para><parameter>--without-ad-dc</parameter>: Disable
+    Active Directory Domain Controller functionality. See <ulink
+    url="https://wiki.samba.org/index.php/Setup_a_Samba_Active_Directory_Domain_Controller">
+    Setup a Samba Active Directory Domain Controller</ulink> for detailed
+    information. Remove this switch if you've installed the Python modules
+    needed for ADS support. Note that BLFS does not provide a samba bootscript
+    for an Active Directory domain controller.</para>
+    <para><option>--with-selftest-prefix=SELFTEST_PREFIX</option>: This option
+    specifies the test suite work directory (default=./st).</para>
+    <para><command>mv -v /usr/lib/libnss_win{s,bind}.so* /lib</command>:
+    The nss libraries are installed in /usr/lib by default. Move them to
+    /lib.</para>
+    <para><command>ln -v -sf ../../lib/libnss_winbind.so.2 /usr/lib/libnss_winbind.so</command>
+    and <command>ln -v -sf ../../lib/libnss_wins.so.2    /usr/lib/libnss_wins.so</command>:
+    These symlinks are required when applications build against these
+    libraries.</para>
+    <para><command>install -v -m644 examples/LDAP/* /etc/openldap/schema</command>:
+    These commands are used to copy sample Samba schemas to the OpenLDAP
+    <filename class='directory'>schema</filename> directory.</para>
+    <para><command>install -v -m644 ../examples/smb.conf.default
+    /etc/samba</command>: This copies a default <filename>smb.conf</filename>
+    file into <filename>/etc/samba</filename>. This sample configuration will
+    not work until you copy it to <filename>/etc/samba/smb.conf</filename> and
+    make the appropriate changes for your installation. See the configuration
+    section for minimum values which must be set.</para>
+    <para>
+      <parameter>--enable-fhs</parameter>: Assigns all other file paths in
+      a manner compliant with the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS).
+    </para>
+    <para revision="sysv">
+      <parameter>--without-systemd</parameter>: Disable
+      <application>systemd</application> integration, since it is not built
+      in the System V version of LFS/BLFS.
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      <parameter>--without-ad-dc</parameter>: Disable
+      Active Directory Domain Controller functionality. See <ulink url=
+      "https://wiki.samba.org/index.php/Setup_a_Samba_Active_Directory_Domain_Controller">
+      Setup a Samba Active Directory Domain Controller</ulink> for detailed
+      information. Remove this switch if you've installed the Python modules
+      needed for ADS support. Note that BLFS does not provide a samba bootscript
+      for an Active Directory domain controller.
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      <option>--with-selftest-prefix=SELFTEST_PREFIX</option>: This option
+      specifies the test suite work directory (default=./st).
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      <command>mv -v /usr/lib/libnss_win{s,bind}.so* /lib</command>:
+      The nss libraries are installed in
+      <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> by default. Move them to
+      <filename class="directory">/lib</filename>.
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      <command>ln -v -sf ../../lib/libnss_winbind.so.2 /usr/lib/libnss_winbind.so</command>
+      and <command>ln -v -sf ../../lib/libnss_wins.so.2    /usr/lib/libnss_wins.so</command>:
+      These symlinks are required when applications build against these
+      libraries.
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      <command>install -v -m644 examples/LDAP/* /etc/openldap/schema</command>:
+      These commands are used to copy sample Samba schemas to the OpenLDAP
+      <filename class='directory'>schema</filename> directory.
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      <command>install -v -m644 ../examples/smb.conf.default
+      /etc/samba</command>: This copies a default <filename>smb.conf</filename>
+      file into <filename>/etc/samba</filename>. This sample configuration will
+      not work until you copy it to <filename>/etc/samba/smb.conf</filename> and
+      make the appropriate changes for your installation. See the configuration
+      section for minimum values which must be set.
+    </para>
   </sect2>
 …
       <title>Config Files</title>
+      <para>/etc/samba/smb.conf</para>
+      <para>
+        /etc/samba/smb.conf
+      </para>
       <indexterm zone="samba samba-config">
 …
       <title>Printing to SMB Clients</title>
+      <para>If you use <application>CUPS</application> for print services,
+      and you wish to print to a printer attached to an SMB client, you
+      need to create an SMB backend device. To create the device, issue the
+      following command as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
+      user:</para>
+<screen role="root"><userinput>ln -v -sf /usr/bin/smbspool /usr/lib/cups/backend/smb</userinput></screen>
+      <para>
+        If you use <application>CUPS</application> for print services, and you
+        wish to print to a printer attached to an SMB client, you need to
+        create an SMB backend device. To create the device, issue the following
+        command as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
+      </para>
+<screen role="root"><userinput>install -dvm 755 /usr/lib/cups/backend &amp;&amp;
+ln -v -sf /usr/bin/smbspool /usr/lib/cups/backend/smb</userinput></screen>
     </sect3>
 …
       <title>Configuration Information</title>
+      <para>Due to the complexity and the many various uses for
+      <application>Samba</application>, complete configuration for all the
+      package's capabilities is well beyond the scope of the BLFS book. This
+      section provides instructions to configure the
+      <filename>/etc/samba/smb.conf</filename> file for two common scenarios.
+      The complete contents of <filename>/etc/samba/smb.conf</filename> will
+      depend on the purpose of <application>Samba</application>
+      installation.</para>
+      <para>
+        Due to the complexity and the many various uses for
+        <application>Samba</application>, complete configuration for all the
+        package's capabilities is well beyond the scope of the BLFS book. This
+        section provides instructions to configure the
+        <filename>/etc/samba/smb.conf</filename> file for two common scenarios.
+        The complete contents of <filename>/etc/samba/smb.conf</filename> will
+        depend on the purpose of <application>Samba</application>
+        installation.
+      </para>
       <note>
+        <para>You may find it easier to copy the configuration parameters shown
+        below into an empty <filename>/etc/samba/smb.conf</filename> file
+        instead of copying and editing the default file as mentioned in the
+        <quote>Command Explanations</quote> section. How you create/edit the
+        <filename>/etc/samba/smb.conf</filename> file will be left up to
+        you. Do ensure the file is only writeable by the
+        <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user (mode 644).</para>
+        <para>
+          You may find it easier to copy the configuration parameters shown
+          below into an empty <filename>/etc/samba/smb.conf</filename> file
+          instead of copying and editing the default file as mentioned in the
+          <quote>Command Explanations</quote> section. How you create/edit the
+          <filename>/etc/samba/smb.conf</filename> file will be left up to
+          you. Do ensure the file is only writeable by the
+          <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user (mode 644).
+        </para>
       </note>
 …
         <title>Scenario 1: Minimal Standalone Client-Only Installation</title>
+        <para>Choose this variant if you only want to transfer files using
+        <command>smbclient</command>, mount Windows shares and print to Windows
+        printers, and don't want to share your files and printers to Windows
+        machines.</para>
+        <para>A <filename>/etc/samba/smb.conf</filename> file with the following
+        three parameters is sufficient:</para>
+        <para>
+          Choose this variant if you only want to transfer files using
+          <command>smbclient</command>, mount Windows shares and print to
+          Windows printers, and don't want to share your files and printers to
+          Windows machines.
+        </para>
+        <para>
+          A <filename>/etc/samba/smb.conf</filename> file with the following
+          three parameters is sufficient:
+        </para>
 <screen role='root'><literal>[global]
 …
     unix charset = <replaceable>ISO-8859-1</replaceable></literal></screen>
+        <para>The values in this example specify that the computer belongs to a
+        Windows workgroup named
+        <quote><replaceable>MYGROUP</replaceable></quote>, uses the
+        <quote><replaceable>cp850</replaceable></quote> character set on the
+        wire when talking to MS-DOS and MS Windows 9x, and that the filenames
+        are stored in the <quote><replaceable>ISO-8859-1</replaceable></quote>
+        encoding on the disk. Adjust these values appropriately for your
+        installation. The <quote>unix charset</quote> value must be the same as
+        the output of <command>locale charmap</command> when executed with the
+        <envar>LANG</envar> variable set to your preferred locale, otherwise the
+        <command>ls</command> command may not display correct filenames of
+        downloaded files.</para>
+        <para>There is no need to run any <application>Samba</application>
+        servers in this scenario, thus you don't need to install the provided
+        bootscripts.</para>
+        <para>
+          The values in this example specify that the computer belongs to a
+          Windows workgroup named
+          <quote><replaceable>MYGROUP</replaceable></quote>, uses the
+          <quote><replaceable>cp850</replaceable></quote> character set on the
+          wire when talking to MS-DOS and MS Windows 9x, and that the filenames
+          are stored in the <quote><replaceable>ISO-8859-1</replaceable></quote>
+          encoding on the disk. Adjust these values appropriately for your
+          installation. The <quote>unix charset</quote> value must be the same
+          as the output of <command>locale charmap</command> when executed with
+          the <envar>LANG</envar> variable set to your preferred locale,
+          otherwise the <command>ls</command> command may not display correct
+          filenames of downloaded files.
+        </para>
+        <para>
+          There is no need to run any <application>Samba</application>
+          servers in this scenario, thus you don't need to install the provided
+          bootscripts.
+        </para>
       </sect4>
 …
         <title>Scenario 2: Standalone File/Print Server</title>
+        <para>Choose this variant if you want to share your files and printers
+        to Windows machines in your workgroup in addition to the capabilities
+        described in Scenario 1.</para>
+        <para>In this case, the <filename>/etc/samba/smb.conf.default</filename>
+        file may be a good template to start from. Also add
+        <quote>dos charset</quote> and <quote>unix charset</quote> parameters
+        to the <quote>[global]</quote> section as described in Scenario 1 in
+        order to prevent filename corruption. For security reasons, you may
+        wish to define
+        <replaceable>path = /home/alice/shared-files</replaceable>,
+        assuming your user name is <replaceable>alice</replaceable> and you
+        only want to share the files in that directory, instead of your entire
+        home. Then, replace <replaceable>homes</replaceable> by
+        <replaceable>shared-files</replaceable> and change also the
+        <quote><literal>comment</literal></quote> if used the configuration
+        file below or the <filename>/etc/samba/smb.conf.default</filename>
+        to create yours.</para>
+        <para>The following configuration file creates a separate share for each
+        user's home directory and also makes all printers available to Windows
+        machines:</para>
+        <para>
+          Choose this variant if you want to share your files and printers
+          to Windows machines in your workgroup in addition to the capabilities
+          described in Scenario 1.
+        </para>
+        <para>
+          In this case, the <filename>/etc/samba/smb.conf.default</filename>
+          file may be a good template to start from. Also add
+          <quote>dos charset</quote> and <quote>unix charset</quote> parameters
+          to the <quote>[global]</quote> section as described in Scenario 1 in
+          order to prevent filename corruption. For security reasons, you may
+          wish to define
+          <replaceable>path = /home/alice/shared-files</replaceable>,
+          assuming your user name is <replaceable>alice</replaceable> and you
+          only want to share the files in that directory, instead of your entire
+          home. Then, replace <replaceable>homes</replaceable> by
+          <replaceable>shared-files</replaceable> and change also the
+          <quote><literal>comment</literal></quote> if used the configuration
+          file below or the <filename>/etc/samba/smb.conf.default</filename>
+          to create yours.
+        </para>
+        <para>
+          The following configuration file creates a separate share for each
+          user's home directory and also makes all printers available to Windows
+          machines:
+        </para>
 <screen role='root'><literal>[global]
 …
     printable = yes</literal></screen>
+        <para>Other parameters you may wish to customize in the
+        <quote>[global]</quote> section include:</para>
+        <para>
+          Other parameters you may wish to customize in the
+          <quote>[global]</quote> section include:
+        </para>
 <screen role='root'><literal>    server string =
 …
     local master =</literal></screen>
+        <para>Reference the comments in the
+        <filename>/etc/samba/smb.conf.default</filename> file for information
+        regarding these parameters.</para>
+        <para>Since the <command>smbd</command> and <command>nmbd</command>
+        daemons are needed in this case, install the <filename>samba</filename>
+        bootscript. Be sure to run <command>smbpasswd</command> (with the
+        <option>-a</option> option to add users) to enable and
+        set passwords for all accounts that need
+        <application>Samba</application> access. Using the default
+        <application>Samba</application> passdb backend, any user you attempt
+        to add will also be required to exist in the
+        <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file.</para>
+        <para>
+          Reference the comments in the
+          <filename>/etc/samba/smb.conf.default</filename> file for information
+          regarding these parameters.
+        </para>
+        <para>
+          Since the <command>smbd</command> and <command>nmbd</command> daemons
+          are needed in this case, install the <filename>samba</filename>
+          bootscript. Be sure to run <command>smbpasswd</command> (with the
+          <option>-a</option> option to add users) to enable and set passwords
+          for all accounts that need <application>Samba</application> access.
+          Using the default <application>Samba</application> passdb backend,
+          any user you attempt to add will also be required to exist in the
+          <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file.
+        </para>
       </sect4>
 …
         <title>Advanced Requirements</title>
+        <para>More complex scenarios involving domain control or membership are
+        possible.  Such setups are advanced topics and cannot be adequately
+        covered in BLFS. Many complete books have been written on these topics
+        alone.  Note that in some domain membership scenarios, the
+        <command>winbindd</command> daemon and the corresponding bootscript are
+        needed.</para>
+        <para>There is quite a bit of documentation available which covers many
+        of these advanced configurations. Point your web browser to the links
+        below to view some of the documentation included with the
+        <application>Samba</application> package:</para>
+        <para>
+          More complex scenarios involving domain control or membership are
+          possible. Such setups are advanced topics and cannot be adequately
+          covered in BLFS. Many complete books have been written on these topics
+          alone. Note that in some domain membership scenarios, the
+          <command>winbindd</command> daemon and the corresponding bootscript
+          are needed.
+        </para>
+        <para>
+          There is quite a bit of documentation available which covers many
+          of these advanced configurations. Point your web browser to the links
+          below to view some of the documentation included with the
+          <application>Samba</application> package:
+        </para>
         <itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
           <listitem>
+            <para>Using Samba, 2nd Edition; a popular book published by O'Reilly
+            <ulink url="http://www.samba.org/samba/docs/using_samba/toc.html"/></para>
+          </listitem>
+          <listitem>
+            <para>The Official Samba HOWTO and Reference Guide <ulink
+            url="http://www.samba.org/samba/docs/man/Samba-HOWTO-Collection/"/>
+            <para>
+              Using Samba, 2nd Edition; a popular book published by O'Reilly
+              <ulink url=
+                "http://www.samba.org/samba/docs/using_samba/toc.html"/>
             </para>
           </listitem>
           <listitem>
+            <para>Samba-3 by Example
+            <ulink url="http://www.samba.org/samba/docs/man/Samba-Guide/"/>
+            <para>
+              The Official Samba HOWTO and Reference Guide <ulink url=
+               "http://www.samba.org/samba/docs/man/Samba-HOWTO-Collection/"/>
+            </para>
+          </listitem>
+          <listitem>
+            <para>
+              Samba-3 by Example
+              <ulink url="http://www.samba.org/samba/docs/man/Samba-Guide/"/>
             </para>
           </listitem>
 …
         <title>Guest account</title>
+        <para>The default <application>Samba</application> installation uses the
+        <systemitem class='username'>nobody</systemitem> user for guest access
+        to the server. This can be overridden by setting the
+        <option>guest account =</option> parameter in the
+        <filename>/etc/samba/smb.conf</filename> file. If you utilize the
+        <option>guest account =</option> parameter, ensure this user exists in
+        the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file.</para>
+        <para>
+          The default <application>Samba</application> installation uses the
+          <systemitem class='username'>nobody</systemitem> user for guest
+          access to the server. This can be overridden by setting the
+          <option>guest account =</option> parameter in the
+          <filename>/etc/samba/smb.conf</filename> file. If you utilize the
+          <option>guest account =</option> parameter, ensure this user exists
+          in the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file.
+        </para>
       </sect4>
 …
         <title>Boot Script</title>
+        <para>For your convenience, boot scripts have been provided for
+        <application>Samba</application>. There are two included in the
+        <xref linkend="bootscripts"/> package. The first,
+        <filename>samba</filename>, will start the <command>smbd</command>
+        and <command>nmbd</command> daemons needed to provide SMB/CIFS
+        services. The second script, <filename>winbind</filename>, starts
+        the <command>winbindd</command> daemon, used for providing Windows
+        domain services to Linux clients.</para>
+        <para>
+          For your convenience, boot scripts have been provided for
+          <application>Samba</application>. There are two included in the
+          <xref linkend="bootscripts"/> package. The first,
+          <filename>samba</filename>, will start the <command>smbd</command>
+          and <command>nmbd</command> daemons needed to provide SMB/CIFS
+          services. The second script, <filename>winbind</filename>, starts
+          the <command>winbindd</command> daemon, used for providing Windows
+          domain services to Linux clients.
+        </para>
         <indexterm zone="samba samba-init">
 …
         <note>
+        <para>This package comes with two types of units: A service file and a
+        socket file. The service file will start the smbd daemon once at boot
+        and it will keep running until the system shuts down. The socket file
+        will make systemd listen on the smbd port (Default 445, needs to be
+        edited for anything else) and will start the smbd daemon when something
+        tries to connect to that port and stop the daemon when the connection
+        is terminated. This is called socket activation and is analogous to
+        using <application>{,x}inetd</application> on a SysVinit based
+        system.</para>
+        <para>By default, the first method is used - the smbd daemon is started
+        at boot and stopped at shutdown. If the socket method is desired, you
+        need to run the following commands as the
+        <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
+          <para>
+            This package comes with two types of units: A service file and a
+            socket file. The service file will start the smbd daemon once at
+            boot and it will keep running until the system shuts down. The
+            socket file will make systemd listen on the smbd port (Default 445,
+            needs to be edited for anything else) and will start the smbd
+            daemon when something tries to connect to that port and stop the
+            daemon when the connection is terminated. This is called socket
+            activation and is analogous to using
+            <application>{,x}inetd</application> on a SysVinit based system.
+          </para>
+          <para>
+            By default, the first method is used - the smbd daemon is started
+            at boot and stopped at shutdown. If the socket method is desired,
+            you need to run the following commands as the <systemitem
+            class="username">root</systemitem> user:
+          </para>
 <screen role="root"><userinput>systemctl stop smbd &amp;&amp;
 …
 systemctl start smbd.socket</userinput></screen>
+        <para>Note that only the smbd daemon can be socket activated.</para>
+          <para>
+            Note that only the smbd daemon can be socket activated.
+          </para>
         </note>
       </sect4>
 …
         <term><command>cifsdd</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is the dd command for SMB.</para>
+          <para>
+            is the dd command for SMB.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba cifsdd">
             <primary sortas="b-cifsdd">cifsdd</primary>
 …
         <term><command>dbwrap_tool</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is used to read and manipulate TDB/CTDB databases using
+            the dbwrap interface.</para>
+          <para>
+            is used to read and manipulate TDB/CTDB databases using
+            the dbwrap interface.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba dbwrap_tool">
             <primary sortas="b-dbwrap_tool">dbwrap_tool</primary>
 …
         <term><command>eventlogadm</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is used to write records to eventlogs from STDIN, add the
+          specified source and DLL eventlog registry entries and display the
+          active eventlog names (from <filename>smb.conf</filename>).</para>
+          <para>
+            is used to write records to eventlogs from STDIN, add the
+            specified source and DLL eventlog registry entries and display the
+            active eventlog names (from <filename>smb.conf</filename>).
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba eventlogadm">
             <primary sortas="b-eventlogadm">eventlogadm</primary>
 …
         <term><command>findsmb</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is used to list info about machines that respond to SMB name
+          queries on a subnet.</para>
+          <para>
+            is used to list info about machines that respond to SMB name
+            queries on a subnet.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba findsmb">
             <primary sortas="b-findsmb">findsmb</primary>
 …
         <term><command>gentest</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is used to run random generic SMB operations against two
+           SMB servers and show the differences in behavior.</para>
+          <para>
+            is used to run random generic SMB operations against two
+            SMB servers and show the differences in behavior.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba gentest">
             <primary sortas="b-gentest">gentest</primary>
 …
         <term><command>ldbadd</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a command-line utility for adding records to an LDB
+          database.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a command-line utility for adding records to an LDB
+            database.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba ldbadd">
             <primary sortas="b-ldbadd">ldbadd</primary>
 …
         <term><command>ldbdel</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a command-line program for deleting LDB database
+          records.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a command-line program for deleting LDB database records.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba ldbdel">
             <primary sortas="b-ldbdel">ldbdel</primary>
 …
         <term><command>ldbedit</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>allows you to edit LDB databases using your preferred
+          editor.</para>
+          <para>
+            allows you to edit LDB databases using your preferred editor.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba ldbedit">
             <primary sortas="b-ldbedit">ldbedit</primary>
 …
         <term><command>ldbmodify</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>allows you to modify records in an LDB database.</para>
+          <para>
+            allows you to modify records in an LDB database.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba ldbmodify">
             <primary sortas="b-ldbmodify">ldbmodify</primary>
 …
         <term><command>ldbrename</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>allows you to rename LDB databases.</para>
+          <para>
+            allows you to rename LDB databases.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba ldbrename">
             <primary sortas="b-ldbrename">ldbrename</primary>
 …
         <term><command>ldbsearch</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>searches an LDB database for records matching a specified
+          expression.</para>
+          <para>
+            searches an LDB database for records matching a specified
+            expression.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba ldbsearch">
             <primary sortas="b-ldbsearch">ldbsearch</primary>
 …
         <term><command>locktest</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is used to find differences in locking between two SMB
+           servers.</para>
+          <para>
+            is used to find differences in locking between two SMB servers.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba locktest">
             <primary sortas="b-locktest">locktest</primary>
 …
         <term><command>masktest</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is used to find differences in wildcard matching between
+           Samba's implementation and that of a remote server.</para>
+          <para>
+            is used to find differences in wildcard matching between
+            Samba's implementation and that of a remote server.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba masktest">
             <primary sortas="b-masktest">masktest</primary>
 …
         <term><command>mvxattr</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is used to recursively rename extended attributes.</para>
+          <para>
+            is used to recursively rename extended attributes.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba mvxattr">
             <primary sortas="b-mvxattr">mvxattr</primary>
 …
         <term><command>ndrdump</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a DCE/RPC Packet Parser and Dumper.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a DCE/RPC Packet Parser and Dumper.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba ndrdump">
             <primary sortas="b-ndrdump">ndrdump</primary>
 …
         <term><command>net</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a tool for administration of
+          <application>Samba</application> and remote CIFS servers, similar
+          to the <command>net</command> utility for DOS/Windows.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a tool for administration of <application>Samba</application>
+            and remote CIFS servers, similar to the <command>net</command>
+            utility for DOS/Windows.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba net">
             <primary sortas="b-net">net</primary>
 …
         <term><command>nmbd</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is the <application>Samba</application>
+          NetBIOS name server.</para>
+          <para>
+            is the <application>Samba</application> NetBIOS name server.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba nmbd">
             <primary sortas="b-nmbd">nmbd</primary>
 …
         <term><command>nmblookup</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is used to query NetBIOS names and map
+          them to IP addresses.</para>
+          <para>
+            is used to query NetBIOS names and map them to IP addresses.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba nmblookup">
             <primary sortas="b-nmblookup">nmblookup</primary>
 …
         <term><command>ntlm_auth</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a tool to allow external access to Winbind's
+          NTLM authentication function.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a tool to allow external access to Winbind's
+            NTLM authentication function.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba ntlm_auth">
             <primary sortas="b-ntlm_auth">ntlm_auth</primary>
 …
         <term><command>oLschema2ldif</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>converts LDAP schema's to LDB-compatible LDIF.</para>
+          <para>
+            converts LDAP schema's to LDB-compatible LDIF.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba oLschema2ldif">
             <primary sortas="b-oLschema2ldif">oLschema2ldif</primary>
 …
         <term><command>pdbedit</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a tool used to manage the SAM database.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a tool used to manage the SAM database.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba pdbedit">
             <primary sortas="b-pdbedit">pdbedit</primary>
 …
         <term><command>pidl</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is an IDL (Interface Definition Language) compiler
+            written in Perl.</para>
+          <para>
+            is an IDL (Interface Definition Language) compiler
+            written in Perl.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba pidl">
             <primary sortas="b-pidl">pidl</primary>
 …
         <term><command>profiles</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a utility that reports and changes SIDs in Windows
+          registry files. It currently only supports Windows NT.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a utility that reports and changes SIDs in Windows
+            registry files. It currently only supports Windows NT.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba profiles">
             <primary sortas="b-profiles">profiles</primary>
 …
         <term><command>regdiff</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a Diff program for Windows registry files.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a Diff program for Windows registry files.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba regdiff">
             <primary sortas="b-regdiff">regdiff</primary>
 …
         <term><command>regpatch</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>applies registry patches to registry files.</para>
+          <para>
+            applies registry patches to registry files.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba regpatch">
             <primary sortas="b-regpatch">regpatch</primary>
 …
         <term><command>regshell</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a Windows registry file browser using readline.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a Windows registry file browser using readline.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba regshell">
             <primary sortas="b-regshell">regshell</primary>
 …
         <term><command>regtree</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a text-mode registry viewer.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a text-mode registry viewer.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba regtree">
             <primary sortas="b-regtree">regtree</primary>
 …
         <term><command>rpcclient</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is used to execute MS-RPC client side functions.</para>
+          <para>
+            is used to execute MS-RPC client side functions.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba rpcclient">
             <primary sortas="b-rpcclient">rpcclient</primary>
 …
         <term><command>samba</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a server to provide AD and SMB/CIFS services
+           to clients.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a server to provide AD and SMB/CIFS services
+            to clients.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba samba-prog">
             <primary sortas="b-samba-prog">samba</primary>
 …
         <term><command>samba_dnsupdate</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is used to update our DNS names using TSIG-GSS.</para>
+          <para>
+            is used to update our DNS names using TSIG-GSS.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba samba_dnsupdate">
             <primary sortas="b-samba_dnsupdate">samba_dnsupdate</primary>
 …
         <term><command>samba_kcc</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a script used to compute your KCC (Knowledge
+           Consistency Checker) topology.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a script used to compute your KCC (Knowledge
+            Consistency Checker) topology.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba samba_kcc">
             <primary sortas="b-samba_kcc">samba_kcc</primary>
 …
         <term><command>samba-gpupdate</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>allows you to edit Microsoft Group Policy Objects (GPOs).</para>
+          <para>
+            allows you to edit Microsoft Group Policy Objects (GPOs).
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba samba-gpupdate">
             <primary sortas="b-samba-gpupdate">samba-gpupdate</primary>
 …
         <term><command>samba-regedit</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a ncurses based tool to manage the Samba registry.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a ncurses based tool to manage the Samba registry.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba samba-regedit">
             <primary sortas="b-samba-regedit">samba-regedit</primary>
 …
         <term><command>samba_spnupdate</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a script to update the servicePrincipalName
+           names from spn_update_list.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a script to update the servicePrincipalName
+            names from spn_update_list.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba samba_spnupdate">
             <primary sortas="b-samba_spnupdate">samba_spnupdate</primary>
 …
         <term><command>samba-tool</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is the main Samba administration tool.</para>
+          <para>
+            is the main Samba administration tool.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba samba-tool">
             <primary sortas="b-samba-tool">samba-tool</primary>
 …
         <term><command>samba_upgradedns</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a Unix SMB/CIFS implementation.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a Unix SMB/CIFS implementation.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba samba_upgradedns">
             <primary sortas="b-samba_upgradedns">samba_upgradedns</primary>
 …
         <term><command>sharesec</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>manipulates share ACL permissions on SMB file shares.</para>
+          <para>
+            manipulates share ACL permissions on SMB file shares.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba sharesec">
             <primary sortas="b-sharesec">sharesec</primary>
 …
         <term><command>smbcacls</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is used to manipulate Windows NT access control lists.</para>
+          <para>
+            is used to manipulate Windows NT access control lists.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba smbcacls">
             <primary sortas="b-smbcacls">smbcacls</primary>
 …
         <term><command>smbclient</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a SMB/CIFS access utility, similar to FTP.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a SMB/CIFS access utility, similar to FTP.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba smbclient">
             <primary sortas="b-smbclient">smbclient</primary>
 …
         <term><command>smbcontrol</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is used to control running <command>smbd</command>,
+          <command>nmbd</command> and <command>winbindd</command>
+          daemons.</para>
+          <para>
+            is used to control running <command>smbd</command>,
+            <command>nmbd</command> and <command>winbindd</command> daemons.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba smbcontrol">
             <primary sortas="b-smbcontrol">smbcontrol</primary>
 …
         <term><command>smbcquotas</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is used to manipulate Windows NT quotas on
+          SMB file shares.</para>
+          <para>
+            is used to manipulate Windows NT quotas on SMB file shares.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba smbcquotas">
             <primary sortas="b-smbcquotas">smbcquotas</primary>
 …
         <term><command>smbd</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is the main <application>Samba</application> daemon which
+          provides SMB/CIFS services to clients.</para>
+          <para>
+            is the main <application>Samba</application> daemon which
+            provides SMB/CIFS services to clients.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba smbd">
             <primary sortas="b-smbd">smbd</primary>
 …
         <term><command>smbget</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a simple utility with <command>wget</command>-like
+          semantics, that can download files from SMB servers. You can specify
+          the files you would like to download on the command-line.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a simple utility with <command>wget</command>-like semantics,
+            that can download files from SMB servers. You can specify the
+            files you would like to download on the command-line.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba smbget">
             <primary sortas="b-smbget">smbget</primary>
 …
         <term><command>smbpasswd</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>changes a user's <application>Samba</application>
+          password.</para>
+          <para>
+            changes a user's <application>Samba</application> password.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba smbpasswd">
             <primary sortas="b-smbpasswd">smbpasswd</primary>
 …
         <term><command>smbspool</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>sends a print job to an SMB printer.</para>
+          <para>
+            sends a print job to an SMB printer.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba smbspool">
             <primary sortas="b-smbspool">smbspool</primary>
 …
         <term><command>smbstatus</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>reports current <application>Samba</application>
+          connections.</para>
+          <para>
+            reports current <application>Samba</application> connections.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba smbstatus">
             <primary sortas="b-smbstatus">smbstatus</primary>
 …
         <term><command>smbtar</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a shell script used for backing up SMB/CIFS shares
+          directly to Linux tape drives or a file.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a shell script used for backing up SMB/CIFS shares
+            directly to Linux tape drives or a file.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba smbtar">
             <primary sortas="b-smbtar">smbtar</primary>
 …
         <term><command>smbta-util</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a tool to ease the configuration of the
+           vfs_smb_traffic_analyzer module regarding data encryption.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a tool to ease the configuration of the
+            vfs_smb_traffic_analyzer module regarding data encryption.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba smbta-util">
             <primary sortas="b-smbta-util">smbta-util</primary>
 …
         <term><command>smbtorture</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is  a testsuite that runs several tests against a SMB
+            server.</para>
+          <para>
+            is  a testsuite that runs several tests against a SMB server.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba smbtorture">
             <primary sortas="b-smbtorture">smbtorture</primary>
 …
         <term><command>smbtree</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a text-based SMB network browser.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a text-based SMB network browser.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba smbtree">
             <primary sortas="b-smbtree">smbtree</primary>
 …
         <term><command>tdbbackup</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a tool for backing up or validating the integrity of
+          <application>Samba</application> <filename>.tdb</filename>
+          files.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a tool for backing up or validating the integrity of
+            <application>Samba</application> <filename>.tdb</filename> files.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba tdbbackup">
             <primary sortas="b-tdbbackup">tdbbackup</primary>
 …
         <term><command>tdbdump</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para> is a tool used to print the contents of a
+          <application>Samba</application> <filename>.tdb</filename>
+          file.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a tool used to print the contents of a
+            <application>Samba</application> <filename>.tdb</filename> file.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba tdbdump">
             <primary sortas="b-tdbdump">tdbdump</primary>
 …
         <term><command>tdbrestore</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para> is a tool for creating a <application>Samba</application>
+            <filename>.tdb</filename> file out of a ntdbdump.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a tool for creating a <application>Samba</application>
+            <filename>.tdb</filename> file out of a ntdbdump.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba tdbrestore">
             <primary sortas="b-tdbrestore">tdbrestore</primary>
 …
         <term><command>tdbtool</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>is a tool which allows simple database manipulation from the
+          command line.</para>
+          <para>
+            is a tool which allows simple database manipulation from the
+            command line.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba tdbtool">
             <primary sortas="b-tdbtool">tdbtool</primary>
 …
         <term><command>testparm</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>checks an <filename>smb.conf</filename> file for proper
+          syntax.</para>
+          <para>
+            checks an <filename>smb.conf</filename> file for proper syntax.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba testparm">
             <primary sortas="b-testparm">testparm</primary>
 …
         <term><command>wbinfo</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>queries a running <command>winbindd</command> daemon.</para>
+          <para>
+            queries a running <command>winbindd</command> daemon.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba wbinfo">
             <primary sortas="b-wbinfo">wbinfo</primary>
 …
         <term><command>winbindd</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>resolves names from Windows NT servers.</para>
+          <para>
+            resolves names from Windows NT servers.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba winbindd">
             <primary sortas="b-winbindd">winbindd</primary>
 …
         <term><filename class='libraryfile'>libnss_winbind.so</filename></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>provides Name Service Switch API functions for resolving names
+          from NT servers.</para>
+          <para>
+            provides Name Service Switch API functions for resolving names
+            from NT servers.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba libnss_winbind">
             <primary sortas="c-libnss_winbind">libnss_winbind.so</primary>
 …
         <term><filename class='libraryfile'>libnss_wins.so</filename></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>provides API functions for Samba's implementation of the
+          Windows Internet Naming Service.</para>
+          <para>
+            provides API functions for Samba's implementation of the
+            Windows Internet Naming Service.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba libnss_wins">
             <primary sortas="c-libnss_wins">libnss_wins.so</primary>
 …
         <term><filename class='libraryfile'>libnetapi.so</filename></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>provides the API functions for the administration tools used
+          for Samba and remote CIFS servers.</para>
+          <para>
+            provides the API functions for the administration tools used
+            for Samba and remote CIFS servers.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba libnetapi">
             <primary sortas="c-libnetapi">libnetapi.so</primary>
 …
         <term><filename class='libraryfile'>libsmbclient.so</filename></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>provides the API functions for the Samba SMB client tools.</para>
+          <para>
+            provides the API functions for the Samba SMB client tools.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba libsmbclient">
             <primary sortas="c-libsmbclient">libsmbclient.so</primary>
 …
         <term><filename class='libraryfile'>libsmbsharemodes.so</filename></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>provides API functions for accessing SMB share modes
+          (locks etc.)</para>
+          <para>
+            provides API functions for accessing SMB share modes (locks etc.)
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba libsmbsharemodes">
             <primary sortas="c-libsmbsharemodes">libsmbsharemodes.so</primary>
 …
         <term><filename class='libraryfile'>libwbclient.so</filename></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>provides API functions for Windows domain client services.</para>
+          <para>
+            provides API functions for Windows domain client services.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="samba libwbclient">
             <primary sortas="c-libwbclient">libwbclient.so</primary>

networking/netprogs/wget.xml

-              rdcee7a56
+              rb51fe6e
     <!-- libwww-perl/HTTP-Daemon/#21 -->
+    <para>HTTPS tests are known to fail if Perl module IO::Socket::INET6
+    is installed.</para>
+    <para>
+      HTTPS tests are known to fail if Perl module IO::Socket::INET6
+      is installed.
+    </para>
     <para>

networking/netprogs/wireless-tools.xml

-              rdcee7a56
+              rb51fe6e
     <title>Introduction to Wireless Tools</title>
+    <para>The Wireless Extension (WE) is a generic API in the Linux kernel
+    allowing a driver to expose configuration and statistics specific to common
+    Wireless LANs to user space. A single set of tools can support all the
+    variations of Wireless LANs, regardless of their type as long as the
+    driver supports Wireless Extensions. WE parameters may also be changed on
+    the fly without restarting the driver (or Linux).</para>
+    <para>The <application>Wireless Tools</application> (WT) package is a set
+    of tools allowing  manipulation of the Wireless Extensions. They use a
+    textual interface to support the full Wireless Extension.</para>
+    <para>
+      The Wireless Extension (WE) is a generic API in the Linux kernel allowing
+      a driver to expose configuration and statistics specific to common
+      Wireless LANs to user space. A single set of tools can support all the
+      variations of Wireless LANs, regardless of their type as long as the
+      driver supports Wireless Extensions. WE parameters may also be changed on
+      the fly without restarting the driver (or Linux).
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      The <application>Wireless Tools</application> (WT) package is a set
+      of tools allowing  manipulation of the Wireless Extensions. They use a
+      textual interface to support the full Wireless Extension.
+    </para>
     &lfs91_checked;
 …
     <itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
       <listitem>
+        <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&wireless-download-http;"/></para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&wireless-download-ftp;"/></para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Download MD5 sum: &wireless-md5sum;</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Download size: &wireless-size;</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Estimated disk space required: &wireless-buildsize;</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Estimated build time: &wireless-time;</para>
+        <para>
+          Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&wireless-download-http;"/>
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Download (FTP): <ulink url="&wireless-download-ftp;"/>
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Download MD5 sum: &wireless-md5sum;
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Download size: &wireless-size;
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Estimated disk space required: &wireless-buildsize;
+        </para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>
+          Estimated build time: &wireless-time;
+        </para>
       </listitem>
     </itemizedlist>
 …
     </indexterm>
+    <para>To use <application>Wireless Tools</application>, the kernel must
+    have the appropriate drivers and other support available.  The appropriate
+    bus must also be available.  For many laptops, the PCMCIA bus
+    (CONFIG_PCCARD) needs to be built.  In some cases, this bus support will
+    also need to be built for embedded wireless cards.  The appropriate bridge
+    support also needs to be built.  For many modern laptops, the CardBus host
+    bridge (CONFIG_YENTA) will be needed.</para>
+    <para>In addition to the bus, the actual driver for the specific wireless
+    card must also be available.  There are many wireless cards and they don't
+    all work with Linux.  The first place to look for card support is the kernel.
+    The drivers are located in Device Drivers &rarr; Network Device Support
+    &rarr; Wireless LAN (non-hamradio).  There are also external drivers
+    available for some very common cards.  For more information, look
+    at the user notes.</para>
+    <para>After the correct drivers are loaded, the interface will
+    appear in <filename>/proc/net/wireless</filename>.</para>
+    <para>
+      To use <application>Wireless Tools</application>, the kernel must have
+      the appropriate drivers and other support available. The appropriate bus
+      must also be available. For many laptops, the PCMCIA bus (CONFIG_PCCARD)
+      needs to be built. In some cases, this bus support will also need to be
+      built for embedded wireless cards. The appropriate bridge support also
+      needs to be built. For many modern laptops, the CardBus host bridge
+      (CONFIG_YENTA) will be needed.
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      In addition to the bus, the actual driver for the specific wireless card
+      must also be available.  There are many wireless cards and they don't
+      all work with Linux.  The first place to look for card support is the
+      kernel.  The drivers are located in Device Drivers &rarr; Network Device
+      Support &rarr; Wireless LAN (non-hamradio).  There are also external
+      drivers available for some very common cards.  For more information,
+      look at the user notes.
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      After the correct drivers are loaded, the interface will
+      appear in <filename>/proc/net/wireless</filename>.
+    </para>
   </sect2>
 …
     <title>Installation of Wireless Tools</title>
+      <para>First, apply a patch that fixes a problem when numerous
+      networks are available:</para>
+    <para>
+      First, apply a patch that fixes a problem when numerous
+      networks are available:
+    </para>
 <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../wireless_tools-&wireless-tools-version;-fix_iwlist_scanning-1.patch</userinput></screen>
+      <para>To install <application>Wireless Tools</application>,
+      use the following commands:</para>
+    <para>
+      To install <application>Wireless Tools</application>,
+      use the following commands:
+    </para>
 <screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
+      <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
+      <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
+    <para>
+      This package does not come with a test suite.
+    </para>
+    <para>
+      Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
+    </para>
 <screen role="root"><userinput>make PREFIX=/usr INSTALL_MAN=/usr/share/man install</userinput></screen>
 …
     <title>Command Explanations</title>
+    <para><command>INSTALL_MAN=/usr/share/man</command>: Install manual pages
+    in /usr/share/man instead of /usr/man</para>
+    <para>
+      <command>INSTALL_MAN=/usr/share/man</command>: Install manual pages
+      in <filename class="directory">/usr/share/man</filename> instead of
+      <filename class="directory">/usr/man</filename>.
+    </para>
   </sect2>
 …
         <term><command>ifrename</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>renames network interfaces based on various static criteria.</para>
+          <para>
+            renames network interfaces based on various static criteria.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="wireless_tools ifrename">
             <primary sortas="b-ifrename">ifrename</primary>
 …
         <term><command>iwconfig</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>configures a wireless network interface.</para>
+          <para>
+            configures a wireless network interface.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="wireless_tools iwconfig">
             <primary sortas="b-iwconfig">iwconfig</primary>
 …
         <term><command>iwevent</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>displays wireless events generated by drivers and setting
+           changes.</para>
+          <para>
+            displays wireless events generated by drivers and setting changes.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="wireless_tools iwevent">
             <primary sortas="b-iwevent">iwevent</primary>
 …
         <term><command>iwgetid</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>reports ESSID, NWID or AP/Cell Address of wireless networks.</para>
+          <para>
+            reports ESSID, NWID or AP/Cell Address of wireless networks.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="wireless_tools iwgetid">
             <primary sortas="b-iwgetid">iwgetid</primary>
 …
         <term><command>iwlist</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>gets detailed wireless information from a wireless interface.</para>
+          <para>
+            gets detailed wireless information from a wireless interface.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="wireless_tools iwlist">
             <primary sortas="b-iwlist">iwlist</primary>
 …
         <term><command>iwpriv</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>configures optional (private) parameters of a wireless network
+           interface.</para>
+          <para>
+            configures optional (private) parameters of a wireless network
+             interface.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="wireless_tools iwpriv">
             <primary sortas="b-iwpriv">iwpriv</primary>
 …
         <term><command>iwspy</command></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>gets wireless statistics from specific node.</para>
+          <para>
+            gets wireless statistics from specific node.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="wireless_tools iwspy">
             <primary sortas="b-iwspy">iwspy</primary>
 …
         <term><filename class='libraryfile'>libiw.so</filename></term>
         <listitem>
+          <para>contains functions required by the wireless programs and
+          provides an API for other programs.</para>
+          <para>
+            contains functions required by the wireless programs and
+            provides an API for other programs.
+          </para>
           <indexterm zone="wireless_tools libiw">
             <primary sortas="c-libiw">libiw.so</primary>

networking/netprogs/wpa_supplicant.xml

-              rdcee7a56
+              rb51fe6e
     </para>
+    <note><para>The following directory name is labelled qt4, but
+    is compatible with <xref linkend="qt5"/>.</para></note>
+    <note>
+      <para>
+        The following directory name is labelled qt4, but
+        is compatible with <xref linkend="qt5"/>.
+      </para>
+    </note>
 <screen><userinput>pushd wpa_gui-qt4 &amp;&amp;
 …
         To connect to an access point that uses a password, you need to put
         the pre-shared key in
+        <phrase revision="sysv"><filename>
+        /etc/sysconfig/wpa_supplicant-<replaceable>wifi0</replaceable>.conf</filename>.</phrase>
+        <phrase revision="systemd"><filename>
+        /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-<replaceable>wifi0</replaceable>.conf</filename>.</phrase>
+        <phrase revision="sysv">
+          <filename>
+            /etc/sysconfig/wpa_supplicant-<replaceable>wifi0</replaceable>.conf
+          </filename>.
+        </phrase>
+        <phrase revision="systemd">
+          <filename>
+            /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-<replaceable>wifi0</replaceable>.conf
+          </filename>.
+        </phrase>
         SSID is the string that the access point/router transmits to
         identify itself. Run the following command as the
 …
       </para>
 <screen role="root" revision="sysv"><userinput>wpa_passphrase <replaceable>SSID</replaceable> <replaceable>SECRET_PASSWORD</replaceable> &gt; /etc/sysconfig/wpa_supplicant-<replaceable>wifi0</replaceable>.conf</userinput></screen>
 <screen role="root" revision="systemd"><userinput>install -v -dm755 /etc/wpa_supplicant &amp;&amp;
+<screen role="nodump" revision="sysv"><userinput>wpa_passphrase <replaceable>SSID</replaceable> <replaceable>SECRET_PASSWORD</replaceable> &gt; /etc/sysconfig/wpa_supplicant-<replaceable>wifi0</replaceable>.conf</userinput></screen>
+<screen role="nodump" revision="systemd"><userinput>install -v -dm755 /etc/wpa_supplicant &amp;&amp;
 wpa_passphrase <replaceable>SSID</replaceable> <replaceable>SECRET_PASSWORD</replaceable> &gt; /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-<replaceable>wifi0</replaceable>.conf</userinput></screen>
       <para>
+        <phrase revision="sysv"><filename>/etc/sysconfig/wpa_supplicant-<replaceable>wifi0</replaceable>.conf </filename></phrase>
+        <phrase revision="systemd"><filename>/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-<replaceable>wifi0</replaceable>.conf</filename></phrase>
+        <phrase revision="sysv">
+          <filename>
+            /etc/sysconfig/wpa_supplicant-<replaceable>wifi0</replaceable>.conf
+          </filename>
+        </phrase>
+        <phrase revision="systemd">
+          <filename>
+            /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-<replaceable>wifi0</replaceable>.conf
+          </filename>
+        </phrase>
         can hold the details of several access points. When
         <command>wpa_supplicant</command> is started, it will scan for the
 …
         If you want to connect to an access point that isn't password
         protected, put an entry like this in
+        <phrase revision="sysv"   ><filename>/etc/sysconfig/wpa_supplicant-<replaceable>wifi0</replaceable>.conf</filename></phrase>
+        <phrase revision="systemd"><filename>/etc/sysconfig/wpa_supplicant-<replaceable>wifi0</replaceable>.conf</filename></phrase>.
+        <phrase revision="sysv">
+          <filename>
+            /etc/sysconfig/wpa_supplicant-<replaceable>wifi0</replaceable>.conf
+          </filename>
+        </phrase>
+        <phrase revision="systemd">
+          <filename>
+            /etc/sysconfig/wpa_supplicant-<replaceable>wifi0</replaceable>.conf
+          </filename>
+        </phrase>.
         Replace "Some-SSID" with the SSID of the access point/router.
       </para>
 …
 }</screen>
+      <para>Connecting to a new access point that is not in the configuration
+      file can be accomplished manually via the command line or GUI, but it
+      must be done via a privileged user. To do that, add the following to the
+      configuration file:</para>
+      <para>
+        Connecting to a new access point that is not in the configuration
+        file can be accomplished manually via the command line or GUI, but it
+        must be done via a privileged user. To do that, add the following to
+        the configuration file:
+      </para>
 <screen>ctrl_interface=DIR=/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=&lt;privileged group&gt;

Context Navigation

Legend:

networking/netprogs/bridgeutils.xml

networking/netprogs/cifsutils.xml

networking/netprogs/iw.xml

networking/netprogs/ncftp.xml

networking/netprogs/net-tools.xml

networking/netprogs/netfs.xml

networking/netprogs/netprogs.xml

networking/netprogs/nfs-utils.xml

networking/netprogs/ntp.xml

networking/netprogs/othernetprogs.xml

networking/netprogs/rpcbind.xml

networking/netprogs/rsync.xml

networking/netprogs/samba.xml

networking/netprogs/wget.xml

networking/netprogs/wireless-tools.xml

networking/netprogs/wpa_supplicant.xml

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