[8fcc2c0] | 1 | <sect2><title>Contents of Binutils</title>
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| 2 |
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| 3 | <para>Last checked against version &binutils-contversion;.</para>
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[6370fa6] | 4 |
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[bdc08c1] | 5 | <sect3><title>Program Files</title>
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[6370fa6] | 6 |
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[89e9092] | 7 | <para>addr2line, ar, as, gprof, ld, nm, objcopy, objdump,
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[bdc08c1] | 8 | ranlib, readelf, size, strings and strip</para></sect3>
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[6370fa6] | 9 |
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[bdc08c1] | 10 | <sect3><title>Descriptions</title>
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[6370fa6] | 11 |
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[bdc08c1] | 12 | <sect4><title>addr2line</title>
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[53ad30a] | 13 | <para>addr2line translates program addresses into file names and line numbers.
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[2c094d6] | 14 | Given an address and an executable, it uses the debugging information in
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[53ad30a] | 15 | the executable to figure out which file name and line number are associated
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[bdc08c1] | 16 | with a given address.</para></sect4>
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[6370fa6] | 17 |
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[bdc08c1] | 18 | <sect4><title>ar</title>
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[b822811] | 19 | <para>The ar program creates, modifies, and extracts from archives. An archive
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| 20 | is a single file holding a collection of other files in a structure that makes
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[2c094d6] | 21 | it possible to retrieve the original individual files (called members of
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[bdc08c1] | 22 | the archive).</para></sect4>
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[6370fa6] | 23 |
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[bdc08c1] | 24 | <sect4><title>as</title>
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[764d8f4] | 25 | <para>as is primarily intended to assemble the output of the GNU C compiler,
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| 26 | gcc, for use by the linker ld.</para></sect4>
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[bdc08c1] | 27 |
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| 28 | <sect4><title>gprof</title>
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| 29 | <para>gprof displays call graph profile data.</para></sect4>
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[53ad30a] | 30 |
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[bdc08c1] | 31 | <sect4><title>ld</title>
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[2c094d6] | 32 | <para>ld combines a number of object and archive files, relocates their data
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[53ad30a] | 33 | and ties up symbol references. Often the last step in building a new compiled
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[bdc08c1] | 34 | program to run is a call to ld.</para></sect4>
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[6370fa6] | 35 |
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[bdc08c1] | 36 | <sect4><title>nm</title>
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| 37 | <para>nm lists the symbols from object files.</para></sect4>
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[6370fa6] | 38 |
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[bdc08c1] | 39 | <sect4><title>objcopy</title>
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[b822811] | 40 | <para>objcopy utility copies the contents of an object file to another. objcopy
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[6370fa6] | 41 | uses the GNU BFD Library to read and write the object files. It can write
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| 42 | the destination object file in a format different from that of the source
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[bdc08c1] | 43 | object file.</para></sect4>
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[6370fa6] | 44 |
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[bdc08c1] | 45 | <sect4><title>objdump</title>
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[b822811] | 46 | <para>objdump displays information about one or more object files. The options
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[6370fa6] | 47 | control what particular information to display. This information is mostly
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| 48 | useful to programmers who are working on the compilation tools, as opposed to
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[bdc08c1] | 49 | programmers who just want their program to compile and work.</para></sect4>
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[6370fa6] | 50 |
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[bdc08c1] | 51 | <sect4><title>ranlib</title>
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[b822811] | 52 | <para>ranlib generates an index to the contents of an archive, and stores it in
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[2c094d6] | 53 | the archive. The index lists each symbol defined by an archive member
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[bdc08c1] | 54 | that is a relocatable object file.</para></sect4>
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[6370fa6] | 55 |
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[bdc08c1] | 56 | <sect4><title>readelf</title>
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| 57 | <para>readelf displays information about elf type binaries.</para></sect4>
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[0c07a90] | 58 |
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[bdc08c1] | 59 | <sect4><title>size</title>
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[764d8f4] | 60 | <para>size lists the section sizes --and the total size-- for each of the
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| 61 | object files in its argument list. By default, one line of output is
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[bdc08c1] | 62 | generated for each object file or each module in an archive.</para></sect4>
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[6370fa6] | 63 |
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[bdc08c1] | 64 | <sect4><title>strings</title>
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[2c094d6] | 65 | <para>For each file given, strings prints the printable character sequences
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| 66 | that are at least 4 characters long (or the number specified with an
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[6370fa6] | 67 | option to the program) and are followed by an unprintable character. By
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| 68 | default, it only prints the strings from the initialized and loaded
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[764d8f4] | 69 | sections of object files. For other types of files, it prints the strings
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[b822811] | 70 | from the whole file.</para>
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[6370fa6] | 71 |
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[bdc08c1] | 72 | <para>strings is mainly useful for determining the contents of non-text files.</para></sect4>
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[6370fa6] | 73 |
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[bdc08c1] | 74 | <sect4><title>strip</title>
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[b822811] | 75 | <para>strip discards all or specific symbols from object files. The list of
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[6370fa6] | 76 | object files may include archives. At least one object file must be
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| 77 | given. strip modifies the files named in its argument, rather than writing
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[bdc08c1] | 78 | modified copies under different names.</para></sect4>
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| 79 |
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| 80 | </sect3>
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| 81 |
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| 82 | <sect3><title>Library Files</title>
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[c68394e] | 83 | <para>libbfd.[a,so] and libopcodes.[a,so]</para></sect3>
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[bdc08c1] | 84 |
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| 85 | <sect3><title>Descriptions</title>
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| 86 |
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| 87 | <sect4><title>libbfd</title>
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| 88 | <para>libbfd is the Binary File Descriptor library.</para></sect4>
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| 89 |
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| 90 | <sect4><title>libopcodes</title>
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[926b857] | 91 | <para>libopcodes is a native library for dealing with opcodes and is
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[2c094d6] | 92 | used in the course of building utilities such as objdump. Opcodes are
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[926b857] | 93 | actually "readable text" versions of instructions for the
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| 94 | processor.</para></sect4>
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[bdc08c1] | 95 |
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| 96 | </sect3>
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[6370fa6] | 97 |
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| 98 | </sect2>
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| 99 |
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