[6370fa6] | 1 | <sect1 id="ch02-install">
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| 2 | <title>How to install the software</title>
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| 3 |
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[01afb9e] | 4 | <para>Before you start using the LFS book, we should point out that all
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| 5 | of the commands here assume that you are using the bash shell. If you
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[702997a] | 6 | aren't, the commands may work but we can't guarantee it. If you want a
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[01afb9e] | 7 | simple life, use bash.</para>
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| 8 |
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[b822811] | 9 | <para>Before you can actually start doing something with a package, you need
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[aff91c4] | 10 | to unpack it first. Often the package files are tar'ed and
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[fada431] | 11 | gzip'ed or bzip2'ed. We're not going to write down every time how to
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| 12 | unpack an archive. We'll explain how to do that once, in this
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[b822811] | 13 | section.</para>
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[6370fa6] | 14 |
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[b822811] | 15 | <para>To start with, change to the $LFS/usr/src directory by running:</para>
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[6370fa6] | 16 |
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[b822811] | 17 | <para><screen><userinput>cd $LFS/usr/src</userinput></screen></para>
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[6370fa6] | 18 |
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[b822811] | 19 | <para>If a file is tar'ed and gzip'ed, it is unpacked by
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[6370fa6] | 20 | running either one of the following two commands, depending on the
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[b822811] | 21 | filename:</para>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <para><screen><userinput>tar xvzf filename.tar.gz</userinput>
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| 24 | <userinput>tar xvzf filename.tgz</userinput></screen></para>
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| 25 |
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| 26 |
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| 27 | <para>If a file is tar'ed and bzip2'ed, it is unpacked by
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| 28 | running:</para>
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| 29 |
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| 30 | <para><screen><userinput>bzcat filename.tar.bz2 | tar xv</userinput></screen></para>
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| 31 |
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| 32 | <para>Some tar programs (most of them nowadays but not all of them) are
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[6370fa6] | 33 | slightly modified to be able to use bzip2 files directly using either
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[c092a4a] | 34 | the I, the y or the j tar parameter, which works the same as the z tar
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| 35 | parameter to handle gzip archives. The above construction works no matter how
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[b822811] | 36 | your host system decided to patch bzip2.</para>
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[6370fa6] | 37 |
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[b822811] | 38 | <para>If a file is just tar'ed, it is unpacked by running:</para>
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[6370fa6] | 39 |
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[b822811] | 40 | <para><screen><userinput>tar xvf filename.tar</userinput></screen></para>
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[6370fa6] | 41 |
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[b822811] | 42 | <para>When an archive is unpacked, a new directory will be created under the
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[cc107b1] | 43 | current directory (and this book assumes that the archives are unpacked
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[ff9fe017] | 44 | under the $LFS/usr/src directory). Please enter that new directory
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| 45 | before continuing with the installation instructions. Again, every time
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| 46 | this book is going to install a package, it's up to you to unpack the source
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[b822811] | 47 | archive and cd into the newly created directory.</para>
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[ff9fe017] | 48 |
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[b822811] | 49 | <para>From time to time you will be dealing with single files such as patch
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[ff9fe017] | 50 | files. These files are generally gzip'ed or bzip2'ed. Before such files
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[b822811] | 51 | can be used they need to be uncompressed first.</para>
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| 52 |
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| 53 | <para>If a file is gzip'ed, it is unpacked by running:</para>
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| 54 |
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| 55 | <para><screen><userinput>gunzip filename.gz</userinput></screen></para>
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| 56 |
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| 57 | <para>If a file is bzip2'ed, it is unpacked by running:</para>
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| 58 |
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| 59 | <para><screen><userinput>bunzip2 filename.bz2</userinput></screen></para>
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| 60 |
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[fada431] | 61 | <para>After a package has been installed, two things can be done with
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| 62 | it: either the directory that contains the sources can be deleted, or it
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| 63 | can be kept. We highly recommend deleting it. If you don't do this and
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| 64 | try to re-use the same source later on in the book (for example re-using
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| 65 | the source trees from chapter 5 for use in chapter 6), it may not work
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| 66 | as you expect it to. Source trees from chapter 5 will have your host
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| 67 | distribution's settings, which don't always apply to the LFS system
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| 68 | after you enter the chroot'ed environment. Even running something like
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| 69 | <emphasis>make clean</emphasis> doesn't always guarantee a clean source
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| 70 | tree.</para>
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[6370fa6] | 71 |
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[b822811] | 72 | <para>So, save yourself a lot of hassle and just remove the source directory
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| 73 | immediately after you have installed it.</para>
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[b8cf8df] | 74 |
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[b822811] | 75 | <para>There is one exception; the kernel source tree. Keep it around as you
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[bea68d8] | 76 | will need it later in this book when building a kernel. Nothing will use
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[b822811] | 77 | the kernel tree so it won't be in your way.</para>
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[bea68d8] | 78 |
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[6370fa6] | 79 | </sect1>
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| 80 |
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