1 | <sect1 id="ch02-install">
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2 | <title>How to install the software</title>
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3 |
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4 | <para>Before you start using the LFS book, we should point out that all
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5 | of the commands here assume that you are using the bash shell. If you
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6 | aren't, the commands may work but we can't guarantee it. If you want a
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7 | simple life, use bash.</para>
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8 |
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9 | <para>Before you can actually start doing something with a package, you need
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10 | to unpack it first. Often the package files are tar'ed and
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11 | gzip'ed or bzip2'ed. I'm not going to write down every time how to
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12 | unpack an archive. I will explain how to do that once, in this
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13 | section.</para>
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14 |
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15 | <para>To start with, change to the $LFS/usr/src directory by running:</para>
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16 |
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17 | <para><screen><userinput>cd $LFS/usr/src</userinput></screen></para>
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18 |
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19 | <para>If a file is tar'ed and gzip'ed, it is unpacked by
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20 | running either one of the following two commands, depending on the
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21 | filename:</para>
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22 |
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23 | <para><screen><userinput>tar xvzf filename.tar.gz</userinput>
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24 | <userinput>tar xvzf filename.tgz</userinput></screen></para>
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25 |
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26 |
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27 | <para>If a file is tar'ed and bzip2'ed, it is unpacked by
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28 | running:</para>
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29 |
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30 | <para><screen><userinput>bzcat filename.tar.bz2 | tar xv</userinput></screen></para>
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31 |
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32 | <para>Some tar programs (most of them nowadays but not all of them) are
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33 | slightly modified to be able to use bzip2 files directly using either
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34 | the I or the y tar parameter, which works the same as the z tar parameter
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35 | to handle gzip archives. The above construction works no matter how
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36 | your host system decided to patch bzip2.</para>
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37 |
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38 | <para>If a file is just tar'ed, it is unpacked by running:</para>
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39 |
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40 | <para><screen><userinput>tar xvf filename.tar</userinput></screen></para>
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41 |
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42 | <para>When an archive is unpacked, a new directory will be created under the
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43 | current directory (and this book assumes that the archives are unpacked
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44 | under the $LFS/usr/src directory). Please enter that new directory
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45 | before continuing with the installation instructions. Again, every time
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46 | this book is going to install a package, it's up to you to unpack the source
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47 | archive and cd into the newly created directory.</para>
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48 |
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49 | <para>From time to time you will be dealing with single files such as patch
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50 | files. These files are generally gzip'ed or bzip2'ed. Before such files
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51 | can be used they need to be uncompressed first.</para>
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52 |
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53 | <para>If a file is gzip'ed, it is unpacked by running:</para>
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54 |
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55 | <para><screen><userinput>gunzip filename.gz</userinput></screen></para>
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56 |
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57 | <para>If a file is bzip2'ed, it is unpacked by running:</para>
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58 |
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59 | <para><screen><userinput>bunzip2 filename.bz2</userinput></screen></para>
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60 |
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61 | <para>After a package has been installed, two things can be done with it:
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62 | either the directory that contains the sources can be deleted,
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63 | or it can be kept. If it is kept, that's fine with me, but if the
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64 | same package is needed again in a later chapter, the directory
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65 | needs to be deleted first before using it again. If this is not done,
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66 | you might end up in trouble because old settings will be used (settings
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67 | that apply to the host system but which don't always apply to
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68 | the LFS system). Doing a simple make clean or make distclean does not
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69 | always guarantee a totally clean source tree.</para>
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70 |
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71 | <para>So, save yourself a lot of hassle and just remove the source directory
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72 | immediately after you have installed it.</para>
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73 |
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74 | <para>There is one exception; the kernel source tree. Keep it around as you
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75 | will need it later in this book when building a kernel. Nothing will use
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76 | the kernel tree so it won't be in your way.</para>
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77 |
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78 | </sect1>
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79 |
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