1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 [
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3 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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4 | %general-entities;
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5 | ]>
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6 | <sect1 id="ch-tools-addinguser">
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7 | <title>Adding the user lfs</title>
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8 | <?dbhtml filename="addinguser.html"?>
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9 |
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10 | <para>When logged in as <emphasis>root</emphasis>, making a single mistake
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11 | can damage or even wreck your system. Therefore we recommend that you
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12 | build the packages in this chapter as an unprivileged user. You could
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13 | of course use your own user name, but to make it easier to set up a clean
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14 | work environment we'll create a new user <emphasis>lfs</emphasis> as a
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15 | member of a new group (also named <emphasis>lfs</emphasis>) and
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16 | use this one during the installation process. As <emphasis>root</emphasis>,
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17 | issue the following commands to add the new user:</para>
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18 |
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19 | <screen><userinput>groupadd lfs
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20 | useradd -s /bin/bash -g lfs -m -k /dev/null lfs</userinput></screen>
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21 |
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22 | <para>The meaning of the switches:</para>
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23 |
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24 | <variablelist>
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25 | <varlistentry>
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26 | <term><parameter>-s /bin/bash</parameter></term>
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27 | <listitem><para>This makes
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28 | <command>bash</command> the default shell for user
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29 | <emphasis>lfs</emphasis>.</para></listitem>
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30 | </varlistentry>
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31 |
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32 | <varlistentry>
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33 | <term><parameter>-g lfs</parameter></term>
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34 | <listitem><para>This adds user <emphasis>lfs</emphasis> to group
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35 | <emphasis>lfs</emphasis></para></listitem>
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36 | </varlistentry>
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37 |
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38 | <varlistentry>
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39 | <term><parameter>-m</parameter></term>
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40 | <listitem><para>This creates a home
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41 | directory for <emphasis>lfs</emphasis>.</para></listitem>
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42 | </varlistentry>
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43 |
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44 | <varlistentry>
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45 | <term><parameter>-k /dev/null</parameter></term>
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46 | <listitem><para>This parameter
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47 | prevents possible copying of files from a skeleton directory (default
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48 | is <filename class="directory">/etc/skel</filename>) by changing the input location to
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49 | the special null device.</para></listitem>
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50 | </varlistentry>
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51 | </variablelist>
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52 |
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53 | <para>If you want to be able to log in as <emphasis>lfs</emphasis>, then give
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54 | <emphasis>lfs</emphasis> a password:</para>
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55 |
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56 | <screen><userinput>passwd lfs</userinput></screen>
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57 |
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58 | <para>and grant <emphasis>lfs</emphasis> full access to
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59 | <filename class="directory">$LFS/tools</filename> by making
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60 | <emphasis>lfs</emphasis> the directory owner:</para>
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61 |
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62 | <screen><userinput>chown lfs $LFS/tools</userinput></screen>
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63 |
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64 | <para>If you made a separate working directory as suggested, give user
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65 | <emphasis>lfs</emphasis> ownership of this directory too:</para>
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66 |
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67 | <screen><userinput>chown lfs $LFS/sources</userinput></screen>
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68 |
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69 | <para>Next, login as user <emphasis>lfs</emphasis>. This can be done via a
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70 | virtual console, through a display manager, or with the following substitute
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71 | user command:</para>
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72 |
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73 | <screen><userinput>su - lfs</userinput></screen>
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74 |
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75 | <para>The <quote><parameter>-</parameter></quote> instructs <command>su</command> to
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76 | start a <emphasis>login</emphasis> shell.</para>
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77 |
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78 | </sect1>
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