source: chapter05/binutils-pass1.xml@ e2c85b1

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<sect1 id="ch-tools-binutils-pass1" role="wrap">
<title>Binutils-&binutils-version; - Pass 1</title>
<?dbhtml filename="binutils-pass1.html"?>

<indexterm zone="ch-tools-binutils-pass1">
<primary sortas="a-Binutils">Binutils</primary>
<secondary>tools, pass 1</secondary></indexterm>

<sect2 role="package"><title/>
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="../chapter06/binutils.xml" xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>

<segmentedlist>
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
<seglistitem><seg>1.0 SBU</seg><seg>194 MB</seg></seglistitem>
</segmentedlist>

<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="../chapter06/binutils.xml" xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/segmentedlist[2])"/>

</sect2>

<sect2 role="installation">
<title>Installation of Binutils</title>

<para>It is important that Binutils be the first package compiled
because both Glibc and GCC perform various tests on the available
linker and assembler to determine which of their own features to
enable.</para>

<para>This package is known to have issues when its default
optimization flags (including the <parameter>-march</parameter> and
<parameter>-mcpu</parameter> options) are changed. If any environment
variables that override default optimizations have been defined, such
as <envar>CFLAGS</envar> and <envar>CXXFLAGS</envar>,
unset them when building Binutils.</para>

<para>The Binutils documentation recommends building Binutils outside of the
source directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>

<screen><userinput>mkdir ../binutils-build
cd ../binutils-build</userinput></screen>

<note><para>In order for the SBU values listed in the rest of the book
to be of any use, measure the time it takes to build this package from
the configuration, up to and including the first install. To achieve
this easily, wrap the four commands in a <command>time</command>
command like this: <userinput>time { ./configure ... &amp;&amp; ...
&amp;&amp; ... &amp;&amp; make install; }</userinput>.</para></note>

<para>Now prepare Binutils for compilation:</para>

<screen><userinput>../binutils-&binutils-version;/configure --prefix=/tools \
    --disable-nls</userinput></screen>

<para>The meaning of the configure options:</para>

<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>--prefix=/tools</parameter></term>
<listitem><para>This tells the configure script to prepare to install the Binutils
programs in the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> directory.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>--disable-nls</parameter></term>
<listitem><para>This disables internationalization. This is not needed
for the static programs, and NLS can cause problems when linking
statically.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>

<para>Continue with compiling the package:</para>

<screen><userinput>make configure-host
make LDFLAGS="-all-static"</userinput></screen>

<para>The meaning of the make parameters:</para>

<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>configure-host</parameter></term>
<listitem><para>This forces all subdirectories to be configured
immediately. A statically-linked build will fail without it. Use this
option to work around the problem.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>LDFLAGS="-all-static"</parameter></term>
<listitem><para>This tells the linker that all Binutils programs
should be linked statically. However, strictly speaking,
<parameter>"-all-static"</parameter> is passed to the
<command>libtool</command> program, which then passes
<parameter>"-static"</parameter> to the linker.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>

<para>Compilation is now complete. Ordinarily we would now run the
test suite, but at this early stage the test suite framework (Tcl,
Expect, and DejaGNU) is not yet in place. The benefits of running the
tests at this point are minimal since the programs from this
first pass will soon be replaced by those from the second.</para>

<para>Install the package:</para>

<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>

<para>Next, prepare the linker for the <quote>Adjusting</quote> phase
later on:</para>

<screen><userinput>make -C ld clean
make -C ld LDFLAGS="-all-static" LIB_PATH=/tools/lib</userinput></screen>

<para>The meaning of the make parameters:</para>

<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>-C ld clean</parameter></term>
<listitem><para>This tells the make program to remove all compiled
files in the <filename class="directory">ld</filename>
subdirectory.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>-C ld LDFLAGS="-all-static"
LIB_PATH=/tools/lib</parameter></term>
<listitem><para>This option rebuilds everything in the
<filename class="directory">ld</filename> subdirectory. Specifying 
the <envar>LIB_PATH</envar> Makefile variable on the command 
line allows us to override the default value
and point it to the temporary tools location. The value of this variable
specifies the linker's default library search path. This preparation
is used later in the chapter.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>

<warning><para><emphasis>Do not</emphasis> remove the Binutils
build and source directories yet. These will be needed again in their
current state later in this chapter.</para></warning>

</sect2>

<sect2 role="content"><title/>
<para>Details on this package are located in <xref
linkend="contents-binutils" role="."/></para>
</sect2>

</sect1>