| 1 | <sect1 id="ch05-creatingdirs">
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| 2 | <title>Creating directories</title>
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| 3 | <?dbhtml filename="creatingdirs.html" dir="chapter05"?>
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| 4 |
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| 5 | <para>Let's now create the directory tree on the LFS partition based on
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| 6 | the FHS standard, which can be found at
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| 7 | <ulink url="http://www.pathname.com/fhs/">http://www.pathname.com/fhs/</ulink>.
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| 8 | Issuing the following commands will create a default directory layout:</para>
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| 9 |
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| 10 | <para><screen><userinput>cd $LFS &&
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| 11 | mkdir -p bin boot dev/pts etc/opt home lib mnt proc root sbin tmp var opt &&
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| 12 | for dirname in $LFS/usr $LFS/usr/local
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| 13 | <literal> do</literal>
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| 14 | mkdir $dirname
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| 15 | cd $dirname
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| 16 | mkdir bin etc include lib sbin share src var
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| 17 | ln -s share/man
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| 18 | ln -s share/doc
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| 19 | ln -s share/info
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| 20 | cd $dirname/share
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| 21 | mkdir dict doc info locale man nls misc terminfo zoneinfo
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| 22 | cd $dirname/share/man
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| 23 | mkdir man{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}
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| 24 | done &&
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| 25 | cd $LFS/var &&
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| 26 | mkdir -p lock log mail run spool tmp opt cache lib/misc local &&
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| 27 | cd $LFS/opt &&
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| 28 | mkdir bin doc include info lib man &&
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| 29 | cd $LFS/usr &&
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| 30 | ln -s ../var/tmp</userinput></screen></para>
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| 31 |
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| 32 | <para>Normally, directories are created with permission mode 755, which isn't
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| 33 | desired for all directories. The first change is a mode 0750 for the
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| 34 | $LFS/root directory. This is to make sure that not just everybody can
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| 35 | enter the /root directory (the same a user would do with /home/username
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| 36 | directories). The second change is a mode 1777 for the tmp
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| 37 | directories. This way, any user can write data to the /tmp or /var/tmp
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| 38 | directory but cannot remove another user's files (the latter is caused
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| 39 | by the so-called "sticky bit" - bit 1 of the 1777 bit mask).</para>
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| 40 |
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| 41 | <para><screen><userinput>cd $LFS &&
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| 42 | chmod 0750 root &&
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| 43 | chmod 1777 tmp var/tmp</userinput></screen></para>
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| 44 |
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| 45 | <para>Now that the directories are created, copy the source files that were
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| 46 | downloaded in chapter 3 to some subdirectory under $LFS/usr/src (you
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| 47 | will need to create the desired directory yourself).</para>
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| 48 |
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| 49 | <sect2>
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| 50 | <title>FHS compliance notes</title>
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| 51 |
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| 52 | <para>The FHS stipulates that the /usr/local directory should contain the
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| 53 | bin, games, include, lib, man, sbin, and share subdirectories. You can
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| 54 | alter your /usr/local directory yourself if you want your system to be
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| 55 | FHS-compliant.</para>
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| 56 |
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| 57 | <para>Also, the standard says that there should exist a /usr/share/games
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| 58 | directory, which we don't much like for a base system. But feel free to
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| 59 | make your system FHS-compliant if you wish. The FHS isn't precise as
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| 60 | to the structure of the /usr/local/share subdirectories, so we took the
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| 61 | liberty of creating the directories that we felt needed.</para>
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| 62 |
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| 63 | </sect2>
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| 64 |
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| 65 | </sect1>
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| 66 |
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