1 | <sect2><title> </title><para> </para></sect2>
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2 |
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3 | <sect2>
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4 | <title>Installation of GCC</title>
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5 |
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6 | <para>Unpack only the GCC-core tarball, as we won't be needing a C++ compiler
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7 | for the moment.</para>
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8 |
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9 | <para>This package is known to behave badly when you have changed its
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10 | default optimization flags (including the -march and -mcpu options).
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11 | Therefore, if you have defined any environment variables that override
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12 | default optimizations, such as CFLAGS and CXXFLAGS, we recommend unsetting
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13 | or modifying them when building GCC.</para>
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14 |
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15 | <para><screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../gcc-&gcc-version;-mmap_test.patch
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16 | patch -Np1 -i ../gcc-&gcc-version;-no_fixincludes.patch</userinput></screen></para>
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17 |
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18 | <para>It is recommended by the GCC installation documentation to build
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19 | GCC outside of the source directory in a dedicated directory:</para>
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20 |
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21 | <para><screen><userinput>mkdir ../gcc-build
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22 | cd ../gcc-build</userinput></screen></para>
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23 |
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24 | <para>Prepare GCC to be compiled:</para>
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25 |
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26 | <para><screen><userinput>../gcc-&gcc-version;/configure --prefix=/stage1 \
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27 | --with-local-prefix=/stage1 \
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28 | --disable-nls --enable-shared \
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29 | --enable-languages=c</userinput></screen></para>
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30 |
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31 | <para>The meaning of the new configure options is:</para>
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32 |
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33 | <itemizedlist>
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34 | <listitem><para><userinput>--with-local-prefix=/stage1</userinput>: The
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35 | purpose of this switch is to remove <filename>/usr/local/include</filename>
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36 | from <userinput>gcc</userinput>'s include search path. This is not absolutely
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37 | essential, but we want to try and minimize the influence from the host system,
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38 | so this seems a logical thing to do.</para></listitem>
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39 |
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40 | <listitem><para><userinput>--enable-shared</userinput>: This switch may
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41 | seem counter-intuitive at first. But using it allows the building of
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42 | <filename>libgcc_s.so.1</filename> and <filename>libgcc_eh.a</filename>, and
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43 | having <filename>libgcc_eh.a</filename> available ensures that the configure
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44 | script for Glibc (the next package we compile) produces the proper results.
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45 | Note that the <userinput>gcc</userinput> binaries will still be linked
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46 | statically, as this is controlled by the <userinput>-static</userinput>
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47 | value of BOOT_LDFLAGS further on.</para></listitem>
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48 |
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49 | <listitem><para><userinput>--enable-languages=c</userinput>: This option
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50 | ensures that only the C compiler is built. The option is only needed when you
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51 | have downloaded and unpacked the full GCC tarball.</para></listitem>
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52 | </itemizedlist>
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53 |
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54 | <para>Continue with compiling the package:</para>
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55 |
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56 | <para><screen><userinput>make BOOT_LDFLAGS="-static" bootstrap</userinput></screen></para>
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57 |
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58 | <para>The meaning of the make parameters is:</para>
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59 |
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60 | <itemizedlist>
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61 | <listitem><para><userinput>BOOT_LDFLAGS="-static"</userinput>: This tells
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62 | GCC to link its programs statically.</para></listitem>
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63 |
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64 | <listitem><para><userinput>bootstrap</userinput>: This target doesn't just
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65 | compile GCC, but compiles it several times. It uses the programs compiled in
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66 | a first round to compile itself a second time, and then again a third time.
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67 | It then compares these second and third compiles to make sure it can
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68 | reproduce itself flawlessly, which most probably means that it was
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69 | compiled correctly.</para></listitem>
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70 | </itemizedlist>
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71 |
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72 | <para>And install the package:</para>
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73 |
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74 | <para><screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen></para>
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75 |
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76 | <para>As a finishing touch we'll create the <filename
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77 | class="symlink">/stage1/bin/cc</filename> symlink. Many programs and
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78 | scripts run <userinput>cc</userinput> instead of <userinput>gcc</userinput>,
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79 | a thing meant to keep programs generic and therefore usable on all kinds of
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80 | Unix systems. Not everybody has the GNU C compiler installed. Simply running
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81 | <userinput>cc</userinput> leaves the system administrator free to decide what
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82 | C compiler to install, as long as there's a symlink pointing to it:</para>
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83 |
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84 | <para><screen><userinput>ln -sf gcc /stage1/bin/cc</userinput></screen></para>
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85 |
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86 | </sect2>
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87 |
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