[673b0d8] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 3 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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| 4 | %general-entities;
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| 5 | ]>
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[3be4d97] | 6 | <sect1 id="ch-tools-gcc-pass1">
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[673b0d8] | 7 | <title>GCC-&gcc-version; - Pass 1</title>
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| 8 | <?dbhtml filename="gcc-pass1.html"?>
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[bc82645e] | 9 |
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[673b0d8] | 10 | <indexterm zone="ch-tools-gcc-pass1">
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| 11 | <primary sortas="a-GCC">GCC</primary>
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| 12 | <secondary>tools, pass 1</secondary></indexterm>
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[bc82645e] | 13 |
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[673b0d8] | 14 | <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="../chapter06/gcc.xml" xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/para[1])"/>
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[5888299] | 15 |
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[673b0d8] | 16 | <screen>&buildtime; 4.4 SBU
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| 17 | &diskspace; 300 MB</screen>
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| 18 |
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| 19 | <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="../chapter06/gcc.xml" xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/para[2])"/>
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[73aedd1d] | 20 |
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| 21 |
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| 22 | <sect2>
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| 23 | <title>Installation of GCC</title>
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| 24 |
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[ede9b9b] | 25 | <para>Unpack only the GCC-core tarball, as we won't be needing the C++ compiler
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[673b0d8] | 26 | nor the test suite here.</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 27 |
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[ede9b9b] | 28 | <para>This package is known to behave badly when you change its default
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| 29 | optimization flags (including the <emphasis>-march</emphasis> and
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| 30 | <emphasis>-mcpu</emphasis> options). Therefore, if you have defined any
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| 31 | environment variables that override default optimizations, such as CFLAGS and
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[673b0d8] | 32 | CXXFLAGS, we recommend un-setting them when building GCC.</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 33 |
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| 34 | <para>The GCC documentation recommends building GCC outside of the source
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| 35 | directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
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| 36 |
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| 37 | <screen><userinput>mkdir ../gcc-build
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| 38 | cd ../gcc-build</userinput></screen>
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| 39 |
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[d27a27b] | 40 | <para>Prepare GCC for compilation:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 41 |
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[673b0d8] | 42 | <screen><userinput>../gcc-&gcc-version;/configure --prefix=/tools \
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| 43 | --with-local-prefix=/tools \
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| 44 | --disable-nls --enable-shared \
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| 45 | --enable-languages=c</userinput></screen>
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[73aedd1d] | 46 |
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| 47 | <para>The meaning of the configure options:</para>
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| 48 |
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| 49 | <itemizedlist>
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[17476c5] | 50 | <listitem><para><userinput>--with-local-prefix=/tools</userinput>: The
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[73aedd1d] | 51 | purpose of this switch is to remove <filename>/usr/local/include</filename>
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[90e3cb3] | 52 | from <command>gcc</command>'s include search path. This is not absolutely
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[73aedd1d] | 53 | essential; however, we want to try to minimize the influence of the host
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[673b0d8] | 54 | system, so this a sensible thing to do.</para></listitem>
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[73aedd1d] | 55 |
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| 56 | <listitem><para><userinput>--enable-shared</userinput>: This switch may
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| 57 | seem counter-intuitive at first. But using it allows the building of
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| 58 | <filename>libgcc_s.so.1</filename> and <filename>libgcc_eh.a</filename>, and
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| 59 | having <filename>libgcc_eh.a</filename> available ensures that the configure
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| 60 | script for Glibc (the next package we compile) produces the proper results.
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[90e3cb3] | 61 | Note that the <command>gcc</command> binaries will still be linked
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[ede9b9b] | 62 | statically, as this is controlled by the <emphasis>-static</emphasis>
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| 63 | value of BOOT_LDFLAGS in the next step.</para></listitem>
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[73aedd1d] | 64 |
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| 65 | <listitem><para><userinput>--enable-languages=c</userinput>: This option
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| 66 | ensures that only the C compiler is built. The option is only needed when you
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| 67 | have downloaded and unpacked the full GCC tarball.</para></listitem>
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| 68 | </itemizedlist>
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| 69 |
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| 70 | <para>Continue with compiling the package:</para>
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| 71 |
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| 72 | <screen><userinput>make BOOT_LDFLAGS="-static" bootstrap</userinput></screen>
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| 73 |
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| 74 | <para>The meaning of the make parameters:</para>
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| 75 |
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| 76 | <itemizedlist>
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| 77 | <listitem><para><userinput>BOOT_LDFLAGS="-static"</userinput>: This tells
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| 78 | GCC to link its programs statically.</para></listitem>
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| 79 |
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| 80 | <listitem><para><userinput>bootstrap</userinput>: This target doesn't just
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| 81 | compile GCC, but compiles it several times. It uses the programs compiled in
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| 82 | a first round to compile itself a second time, and then again a third time.
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| 83 | It then compares these second and third compiles to make sure it can
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| 84 | reproduce itself flawlessly, which most probably means that it was
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| 85 | compiled correctly.</para></listitem>
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| 86 | </itemizedlist>
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| 87 |
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[ede9b9b] | 88 | <para>Compilation is now complete, and at this point we would normally run the
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| 89 | test suite. But, as mentioned before, the test suite framework is not in place
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| 90 | yet. And there would be little point in running the tests anyhow, since the
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| 91 | programs from this first pass will soon be replaced.</para>
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[443cace] | 92 |
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[673b0d8] | 93 | <para>Now install the package:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 94 |
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| 95 | <screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
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| 96 |
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[ede9b9b] | 97 | <para>As a finishing touch we'll create a symlink. Many programs and scripts
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| 98 | run <command>cc</command> instead of <command>gcc</command>,
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[73aedd1d] | 99 | a thing meant to keep programs generic and therefore usable on all kinds of
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| 100 | Unix systems. Not everybody has the GNU C compiler installed. Simply running
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[90e3cb3] | 101 | <command>cc</command> leaves the system administrator free to decide what
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[73aedd1d] | 102 | C compiler to install, as long as there's a symlink pointing to it:</para>
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| 103 |
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[51fe215] | 104 | <screen><userinput>ln -s gcc /tools/bin/cc</userinput></screen>
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[73aedd1d] | 105 |
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| 106 | </sect2>
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[bc82645e] | 107 |
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[673b0d8] | 108 | <sect2><title> </title><para> </para>
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[5888299] | 109 | <para>The details on this package are found in <xref linkend="contents-gcc"/>.</para>
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[673b0d8] | 110 | <para> </para></sect2>
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[5888299] | 111 |
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[bc82645e] | 112 | </sect1>
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