1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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5 | %general-entities;
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6 | ]>
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7 |
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8 | <sect1 id="ch-tools-gcc-pass1" role="wrap">
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9 | <?dbhtml filename="gcc-pass1.html"?>
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10 |
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11 | <sect1info condition="script">
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12 | <productname>gcc</productname>
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13 | <productnumber>&gcc-version;</productnumber>
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14 | <address>&gcc-url;</address>
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15 | </sect1info>
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16 |
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17 | <title>GCC-&gcc-version; - Pass 1</title>
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18 |
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19 | <indexterm zone="ch-tools-gcc-pass1">
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20 | <primary sortas="a-GCC">GCC</primary>
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21 | <secondary>tools, pass 1</secondary>
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22 | </indexterm>
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23 |
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24 | <sect2 role="package">
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25 | <title/>
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26 |
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27 | <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
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28 | href="../chapter06/gcc.xml"
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29 | xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
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30 |
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31 | <segmentedlist>
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32 | <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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33 | <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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34 |
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35 | <seglistitem>
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36 | <seg>&gcc-ch5p1-sbu;</seg>
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37 | <seg>&gcc-ch5p1-du;</seg>
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38 | </seglistitem>
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39 | </segmentedlist>
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40 |
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41 | </sect2>
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42 |
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43 | <sect2 role="installation">
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44 | <title>Installation of GCC</title>
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45 |
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46 | <para>The GCC documentation recommends building GCC outside of the
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47 | source directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
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48 |
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49 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v ../gcc-build
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50 | cd ../gcc-build</userinput></screen>
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51 |
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52 | <para>Prepare GCC for compilation:</para>
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53 |
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54 | <screen><userinput remap="configure">CC="gcc -B/usr/bin/" ../gcc-&gcc-version;/configure --prefix=/tools \
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55 | --with-local-prefix=/tools --disable-nls --enable-shared \
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56 | --enable-languages=c</userinput></screen>
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57 |
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58 | <variablelist>
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59 | <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
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60 |
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61 | <varlistentry>
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62 | <term><envar>CC="gcc -B/usr/bin/"</envar></term>
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63 | <listitem>
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64 | <para>This forces <command>gcc</command> to prefer the linker from
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65 | the host in <filename class="directory">/usr/bin</filename>. This
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66 | is necessary on some hosts where the new <command>ld</command>
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67 | built in the previous section is not compatible with the host's
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68 | <command>gcc</command>.</para>
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69 | </listitem>
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70 | </varlistentry>
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71 |
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72 | <varlistentry>
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73 | <term><parameter>--with-local-prefix=/tools</parameter></term>
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74 | <listitem>
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75 | <para>The purpose of this switch is to remove <filename
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76 | class="directory">/usr/local/include</filename> from
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77 | <command>gcc</command>'s include search path. This is not
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78 | absolutely essential, however, it helps to minimize the
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79 | influence of the host system.</para>
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80 | </listitem>
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81 | </varlistentry>
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82 |
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83 | <varlistentry>
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84 | <term><parameter>--enable-shared</parameter></term>
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85 | <listitem>
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86 | <para>This switch allows the building of <filename
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87 | class="libraryfile">libgcc_s.so.1</filename> and
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88 | <filename class="libraryfile">libgcc_eh.a</filename>.
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89 | Having <filename class="libraryfile">libgcc_eh.a</filename>
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90 | available ensures that the configure script for Glibc (the
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91 | next package we compile) produces the proper results.</para>
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92 | </listitem>
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93 | </varlistentry>
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94 |
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95 | <varlistentry>
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96 | <term><parameter>--enable-languages=c</parameter></term>
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97 | <listitem>
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98 | <para>This option ensures that only the C compiler is built.</para>
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99 | </listitem>
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100 | </varlistentry>
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101 |
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102 | </variablelist>
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103 |
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104 | <para>The following command will compile GCC not once, but several times. It
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105 | uses the programs compiled in a first round to compile itself a second time,
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106 | and then again a third time. It then compares these second and third compiles
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107 | to make sure it can reproduce itself flawlessly. This is called
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108 | <quote>bootstrapping</quote>. Building GCC in this way ensures that it was
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109 | compiled correctly and is now the default configuration for the released
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110 | package. Continue with compiling by running:</para>
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111 |
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112 | <screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
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113 |
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114 | <para>Compilation is now complete. At this point, the test suite would
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115 | normally be run, but, as mentioned before, the test suite framework is
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116 | not in place yet. The benefits of running the tests at this point
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117 | are minimal since the programs from this first pass will soon be
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118 | replaced.</para>
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119 |
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120 | <para>Install the package:</para>
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121 |
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122 | <screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
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123 |
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124 | <para>As a finishing touch, create a symlink. Many programs and scripts
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125 | run <command>cc</command> instead of <command>gcc</command>, which is
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126 | used to keep programs generic and therefore usable on all kinds of UNIX
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127 | systems where the GNU C compiler is not always installed. Running
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128 | <command>cc</command> leaves the system administrator free to decide
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129 | which C compiler to install:</para>
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130 |
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131 | <screen><userinput remap="install">ln -vs gcc /tools/bin/cc</userinput></screen>
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132 |
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133 | </sect2>
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134 |
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135 | <sect2 role="content">
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136 | <title/>
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137 |
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138 | <para>Details on this package are located in
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139 | <xref linkend="contents-gcc" role="."/></para>
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140 |
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141 | </sect2>
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142 |
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143 | </sect1>
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