source: chapter05/gcc-pass1.xml@ 7152faa

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
  %general-entities;
]>

<sect1 id="ch-tools-gcc-pass1" role="wrap" xreflabel="gcc-pass1">
  <?dbhtml filename="gcc-pass1.html"?>

  <sect1info condition="script">
    <productname>gcc-pass1</productname>
    <productnumber>&gcc-version;</productnumber>
    <address>&gcc-url;</address>
  </sect1info>

  <title>GCC-&gcc-version; - Pass 1</title>

  <indexterm zone="ch-tools-gcc-pass1">
    <primary sortas="a-GCC">GCC</primary>
    <secondary>tools, pass 1</secondary>
  </indexterm>

  <sect2 role="package">
    <title/>

    <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
    href="../chapter08/gcc.xml"
    xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>

    <segmentedlist>
      <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
      <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>

      <seglistitem>
        <seg>&gcc-tmpp1-sbu;</seg>
        <seg>&gcc-tmpp1-du;</seg>
      </seglistitem>
    </segmentedlist>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="installation">
    <title>Installation of Cross GCC</title>

    <para>GCC requires the GMP, MPFR and MPC packages. As these packages may
    not be included in your host distribution, they will be built with
    GCC.  Unpack each package into the GCC source directory and rename the
    resulting directories so the GCC build procedures will automatically
    use them:</para>

    <note><para>There are frequent misunderstandings about this chapter.  The
    procedures are the same as every other chapter, as explained earlier (<xref
    linkend='buildinstr'/>).  First, extract the gcc-&gcc-version; tarball from the sources
    directory, and then change to the directory created.  Only then should you
    proceed with the instructions below.</para></note>

<screen><userinput remap="pre">tar -xf ../mpfr-&mpfr-version;.tar.xz
mv -v mpfr-&mpfr-version; mpfr
tar -xf ../gmp-&gmp-version;.tar.xz
mv -v gmp-&gmp-version; gmp
tar -xf ../mpc-&mpc-version;.tar.gz
mv -v mpc-&mpc-version; mpc</userinput></screen>

    <para>On x86_64 hosts, set the default directory name for
    64-bit libraries to <quote>lib</quote>:</para>

<screen><userinput remap="pre">case $(uname -m) in
  x86_64)
    sed -e '/m64=/s/lib64/lib/' \
        -i.orig gcc/config/i386/t-linux64
 ;;
esac</userinput></screen>

    <para>The GCC documentation recommends building GCC
    in a dedicated build directory:</para>

<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
cd       build</userinput></screen>

    <para>Prepare GCC for compilation:</para>

<screen><userinput remap="configure">../configure                  \
    --target=$LFS_TGT         \
    --prefix=$LFS/tools       \
    --with-glibc-version=&glibc-version; \
    --with-sysroot=$LFS       \
    --with-newlib             \
    --without-headers         \
    --enable-default-pie      \
    --enable-default-ssp      \
    --disable-nls             \
    --disable-shared          \
    --disable-multilib        \
    --disable-threads         \
    --disable-libatomic       \
    --disable-libgomp         \
    --disable-libquadmath     \
    --disable-libssp          \
    --disable-libvtv          \
    --disable-libstdcxx       \
    --enable-languages=c,c++</userinput></screen>
    <variablelist>
      <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><parameter>--with-glibc-version=&glibc-version;</parameter></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>This option specifies the version of Glibc which will be
          used on the target. It is not relevant to the libc of the host
          distro because everything compiled by pass1 GCC will run in the
          chroot environment, which is isolated from libc of the host
          distro.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><parameter>--with-newlib</parameter></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Since a working C library is not yet available, this ensures
          that the inhibit_libc constant is defined when building libgcc. This prevents
          the compiling of any code that requires libc support.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><parameter>--without-headers</parameter></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>When creating a complete cross-compiler, GCC requires
          standard headers compatible with the target system. For our
          purposes these headers will not be needed. This switch prevents
          GCC from looking for them.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
      <term><parameter>--enable-default-pie and
      --enable-default-ssp</parameter></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Those switches allow GCC to compile programs with
           some hardening security features (more information on those in
           the <xref linkend="pie-ssp-info"/> in chapter 8) by default. The
           are not strictly needed at this stage, since the compiler will
           only produce temporary executables. But it is cleaner to have the
           temporary packages be as close as possible to the final ones.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><parameter>--disable-shared</parameter></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>This switch forces GCC to link its internal libraries
          statically. We need this because the shared libraries require Glibc,
          which is not yet installed on the target system.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><parameter>--disable-multilib</parameter></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>On x86_64, LFS does not support a multilib configuration.
          This switch is harmless for x86.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><parameter>--disable-threads,
        --disable-libatomic, --disable-libgomp,
        --disable-libquadmath, --disable-libssp, --disable-libvtv,
        --disable-libstdcxx</parameter></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>These switches disable support for
          threading, libatomic, libgomp, libquadmath, libssp,
          libvtv, and the C++ standard library respectively. These features
          may fail to compile when building a cross-compiler and are not
          necessary for the task of cross-compiling the temporary libc.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><parameter>--enable-languages=c,c++</parameter></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>This option ensures that only the C and C++ compilers are built.
          These are the only languages needed now.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

    </variablelist>

    <para>Compile GCC by running:</para>

<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>

    <para>Install the package:</para>

    <screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>

    <para>This build of GCC has installed a couple of internal system
    headers.  Normally one of them, <filename>limits.h</filename>, would in turn
    include the corresponding system <filename>limits.h</filename> header, in
    this case, <filename>$LFS/usr/include/limits.h</filename>. However, at the
    time of this build of GCC <filename>$LFS/usr/include/limits.h</filename>
    does not exist, so the internal header that has just been installed is a
    partial, self-contained file and does not include the extended features of
    the system header. This is adequate for building Glibc, but the full
    internal header will be needed later.  Create a full version of the internal
    header using a command that is identical to what the GCC build system does
    in normal circumstances:</para>

    <note>
      <para>The command below shows an example of nested command substitution
      using two methods: backquotes and a <literal>$()</literal> construct. 
      It could be rewritten using the same method for both substitutions,
      but is shown this way to demonstrate how they can be mixed.  Generally
      the <literal>$()</literal> method is preferred.</para>
    </note>

<screen><userinput remap="install">cd ..
cat gcc/limitx.h gcc/glimits.h gcc/limity.h > \
  `dirname $($LFS_TGT-gcc -print-libgcc-file-name)`/include/limits.h</userinput></screen>
  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="content">
    <title/>

    <para>Details on this package are located in
    <xref linkend="contents-gcc" role="."/></para>

  </sect2>

</sect1>