| 1 | <sect1 id="ch05-installasuser">
|
|---|
| 2 | <title>Install all software as an unprivileged user</title>
|
|---|
| 3 | <?dbhtml filename="installasuser.html" dir="chapter05"?>
|
|---|
| 4 |
|
|---|
| 5 | <para>When you are logged in as root during Chapter 5, it is possible
|
|---|
| 6 | that some files of your host system will be overwritten by the ones
|
|---|
| 7 | you'll build in Chapter 5. There can be all kinds of reasons for this
|
|---|
| 8 | to happen, for example because the $LFS environment variable is not
|
|---|
| 9 | set. Overwriting some files from your host system will most likely
|
|---|
| 10 | cause all kinds of problems, so it's a good idea to be logged in as
|
|---|
| 11 | an unprivileged user during Chapter 5. To make sure the environment
|
|---|
| 12 | is as clean as possible, we'll create a new user "lfs" that can be
|
|---|
| 13 | used while building the static installation. Issuing the following
|
|---|
| 14 | commands as root will create a new user "lfs":</para>
|
|---|
| 15 |
|
|---|
| 16 | <para><screen><userinput>useradd -s /bin/bash -m lfs &&
|
|---|
| 17 | passwd lfs</userinput></screen></para>
|
|---|
| 18 |
|
|---|
| 19 | <para>Now we need to give proper permissions to the <filename
|
|---|
| 20 | class="directory">$LFS/static</filename> directory so user "lfs" can write
|
|---|
| 21 | to it:</para>
|
|---|
| 22 |
|
|---|
| 23 | <para><screen><userinput>chown -R lfs $LFS/static</userinput></screen></para>
|
|---|
| 24 |
|
|---|
| 25 | <para>You have to login as user <emphasis>lfs</emphasis> now to continue
|
|---|
| 26 | with the rest of this chapter. You can do this two ways: either the normal
|
|---|
| 27 | way through the console or the display manager, or with
|
|---|
| 28 | <userinput>su - lfs</userinput>. When you're working as user
|
|---|
| 29 | <emphasis>lfs</emphasis>, type the following commands to set up a good
|
|---|
| 30 | environment to work in:</para>
|
|---|
| 31 |
|
|---|
| 32 | <para><screen><userinput>cat > ~lfs/.bash_profile << "EOF"
|
|---|
| 33 | umask 022
|
|---|
| 34 |
|
|---|
| 35 | LFS=/mnt/lfs
|
|---|
| 36 | LC_ALL=POSIX
|
|---|
| 37 | CC='gcc -s'
|
|---|
| 38 | export LFS LC_ALL CC
|
|---|
| 39 | EOF
|
|---|
| 40 | source ~/.bash_profile</userinput></screen></para>
|
|---|
| 41 |
|
|---|
| 42 | <para>This profile makes sure the umask is set to 022 so newly created
|
|---|
| 43 | files and directories will have the correct permissions. It is advisable
|
|---|
| 44 | to keep this setting throughout your LFS installation. Also, the $LFS,
|
|---|
| 45 | $LC_ALL, and $CC environment variables are set. $LFS has been explained
|
|---|
| 46 | in previous chapters already. $LC_ALL is a variable that is used for
|
|---|
| 47 | internationalization.</para>
|
|---|
| 48 |
|
|---|
| 49 | <para>When your host distribution uses a glibc version older than 2.2.4,
|
|---|
| 50 | having $LC_ALL set to something other than "C" or "POSIX" while working
|
|---|
| 51 | through Chapter 5 may cause trouble when you exit the chroot environment
|
|---|
| 52 | of Chapter 6 and try to return to it. By setting this to "POSIX" ("C"
|
|---|
| 53 | is an alias for "POSIX") we ensure that everything will work as expected
|
|---|
| 54 | in the chroot environment.</para>
|
|---|
| 55 |
|
|---|
| 56 | <para>$CC is a variable we set in order to prevent debugging symbols from
|
|---|
| 57 | being compiled into our static packages. By omitting these symbols during
|
|---|
| 58 | the linking stage of compilation, we save hard drive space and decrease
|
|---|
| 59 | our build time.</para>
|
|---|
| 60 |
|
|---|
| 61 | </sect1>
|
|---|
| 62 |
|
|---|
