| 1 | <sect1 id="ch05-installasuser">
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| 2 | <title>Install all software as an unprivileged user</title>
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| 3 | <?dbhtml filename="installasuser.html" dir="chapter05"?>
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| 4 |
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| 5 | <para>When you are logged in as root during chapter 5, it is possible
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| 6 | that some files of your host system will be overwritten by the ones
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| 7 | you'll build in chapter 5. There can be all kinds of reasons for this
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| 8 | to happen, for example because the $LFS environment variable is not
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| 9 | set. Overwriting some files from your host system will most likely
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| 10 | cause all kinds of problems, so it's a good idea to be logged in as
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| 11 | an unprivileged user during chapter 5. To make sure the environment
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| 12 | is as clean as possible, we'll create a new user "lfs" that can be
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| 13 | used while building the static installation. Issuing the following
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| 14 | commands as root will create a new user "lfs":</para>
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| 15 |
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| 16 | <para><screen><userinput>useradd -s /bin/bash -m lfs &&
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| 17 | passwd lfs</userinput></screen></para>
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| 18 |
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| 19 | <para>Now it's time to change the permissions on your LFS partitions
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| 20 | so user "lfs" will have write access to it. Run the following command
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| 21 | as root to change the ownership of the LFS partition to user "lfs":</para>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <para><screen><userinput>chown -R lfs $LFS</userinput></screen></para>
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| 24 |
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| 25 | <para>Now you can login as user "lfs". You can do this two ways: either
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| 26 | the normal way through the console or the display manager, or with
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| 27 | <userinput>su - lfs</userinput>. When you're working as user "lfs", type
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| 28 | the following commands to setup a good environment to work in:</para>
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| 29 |
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| 30 | <para><screen><userinput>cat > ~/.bash_profile << "EOF"
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| 31 | umask 022
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| 32 |
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| 33 | LFS=/mnt/lfs
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| 34 | LC_ALL=POSIX
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| 35 | export LFS LC_ALL
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| 36 | EOF
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| 37 | source ~/.bash_profile</userinput></screen></para>
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| 38 |
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| 39 | <para>This profile makes sure the umask is set to 022 so newly created
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| 40 | files and directories will have the correct permission. It is advisable
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| 41 | to keep this setting throughout your LFS installation. Also, the $LFS
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| 42 | and $LC_ALL environment variables are set. $LFS has been explained in
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| 43 | previous chapters already. $LC_ALL is a variable that is used for
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| 44 | internationalization.</para>
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| 45 |
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| 46 | <para>When your host distribution uses a glibc version older than 2.2.4,
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| 47 | having $LC_ALL set to something else than "C" or "POSIX" while working
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| 48 | through chapter 5 may cause trouble when you exit the chroot environment
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| 49 | of chapter 6 and try to return to it. By setting this to "POSIX" ("C"
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| 50 | is an alias for "POSIX") we ensure that everything will work as expected
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| 51 | in the chroot environment.</para>
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| 52 |
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| 53 | </sect1>
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| 54 |
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