| 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 3 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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| 4 | %general-entities;
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| 5 | ]>
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| 6 | <sect1 id="ch-system-chroot">
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| 7 | <title>Entering the chroot environment</title>
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| 8 | <?dbhtml filename="chroot.html"?>
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| 9 |
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| 10 | <para>It is time to enter the chroot environment in order to begin building
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| 11 | and installing your final LFS system. Still as <emphasis>root</emphasis> run
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| 12 | the following command to enter the small world that is, at the moment,
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| 13 | populated with only the temporary tools:</para>
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| 14 |
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| 15 | <screen><userinput>chroot "$LFS" /tools/bin/env -i \
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| 16 | HOME=/root TERM="$TERM" PS1='\u:\w\$ ' \
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| 17 | PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/tools/bin \
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| 18 | /tools/bin/bash --login +h</userinput></screen>
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| 19 |
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| 20 | <para>The <emphasis>-i</emphasis> option given to the
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| 21 | <command>env</command> command will clear all variables of the chroot
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| 22 | environment. After that, only the HOME, TERM, PS1 and PATH variables are
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| 23 | set again. The TERM=$TERM construct will set the TERM variable inside chroot
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| 24 | to the same value as outside chroot; this variable is needed for programs
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| 25 | like <command>vim</command> and <command>less</command> to operate
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| 26 | properly. If you need other variables present, such as CFLAGS or CXXFLAGS,
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| 27 | this is a good place to set them again.</para>
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| 28 |
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| 29 | <para>From this point on there's no need to use the LFS variable anymore,
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| 30 | because everything you do will be restricted to the LFS file system -- since
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| 31 | what the shell thinks is <filename class="directory">/</filename> is actually
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| 32 | the value of <filename class="directory">$LFS</filename>, which was passed to
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| 33 | the chroot command.</para>
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| 34 |
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| 35 | <para>Notice that <filename class="directory">/tools/bin</filename> comes
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| 36 | last in the PATH. This means that a temporary tool will not be used any more
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| 37 | as soon as its final version is installed. Well, at least when the shell
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| 38 | doesn't remember the locations of executed binaries -- for this reason hashing
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| 39 | is switched off by passing the <emphasis>+h</emphasis> option to
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| 40 | <command>bash</command>.</para>
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| 41 |
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| 42 | <para>You have to make sure all the commands in the rest of this chapter and
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| 43 | in the following chapters are run from within the chroot environment.
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| 44 | If you ever leave this environment for any reason (rebooting for example),
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| 45 | you must remember to first mount the proc and devpts file systems (discussed
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| 46 | in the previous section) <emphasis>and</emphasis> enter chroot again before
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| 47 | continuing with the installations.</para>
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| 48 |
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| 49 | <para>Note that the bash prompt will say <quote>I have no name!</quote> This is
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| 50 | normal, as the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file has not been created yet.
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| 51 | </para>
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| 52 |
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| 53 | </sect1>
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