source: chapter06/coreutils.xml@ 1bfcbf8

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Last change on this file since 1bfcbf8 was 1bfcbf8, checked in by Matthew Burgess <matthew@…>, 12 years ago

Change libstdbuf.so's installation location to /usr/lib/coreutils. Fixes #2961.

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@9666 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 41.5 KB
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-coreutils" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="coreutils.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>coreutils</productname>
13 <productnumber>&coreutils-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&coreutils-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Coreutils-&coreutils-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils">
20 <primary sortas="a-Coreutils">Coreutils</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Coreutils package contains utilities for showing and setting the
27 basic system characteristics.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&coreutils-ch6-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&coreutils-ch6-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38
39 </sect2>
40
41 <sect2 role="installation">
42 <title>Installation of Coreutils</title>
43
44 <para>A known issue with the <command>uname</command> program from
45 this package is that the <parameter>-p</parameter> switch always
46 returns <computeroutput>unknown</computeroutput>. The following patch
47 fixes this behavior for Intel architectures:</para>
48
49<screen><userinput remap="pre">case `uname -m` in
50 i?86 | x86_64) patch -Np1 -i ../&coreutils-uname-patch; ;;
51esac</userinput></screen>
52
53 <para>POSIX requires that programs from Coreutils recognize character
54 boundaries correctly even in multibyte locales. The following patch
55 fixes this non-compliance and other internationalization-related bugs:</para>
56
57<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&coreutils-i18n-patch;</userinput></screen>
58
59 <note>
60 <para>In the past, many bugs were found in this patch. When reporting new
61 bugs to Coreutils maintainers, please check first if they are reproducible
62 without this patch.</para>
63 </note>
64
65 <para>Now prepare Coreutils for compilation:</para>
66
67<screen><userinput remap="configure">./configure --prefix=/usr \
68 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/coreutils \
69 --enable-no-install-program=kill,uptime</userinput></screen>
70
71 <variablelist>
72 <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
73
74 <varlistentry>
75 <term><parameter>--enable-no-install-program=kill,uptime</parameter></term>
76 <listitem>
77 <para>The purpose of this switch is to prevent Coreutils from
78 installing binaries that will be installed by other packages later.
79 </para>
80 </listitem>
81 </varlistentry>
82 </variablelist>
83
84 <para>Compile the package:</para>
85
86<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
87
88 <para>Skip down to <quote>Install the
89 package</quote> if not running the test suite.</para>
90
91 <para>Now the test suite is ready to be run. First, run the tests that are
92 meant to be run as user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>:</para>
93
94<screen><userinput remap="test">make NON_ROOT_USERNAME=nobody check-root</userinput></screen>
95
96 <para>We're going to run the remainder of the tests as the
97 <systemitem class="username">nobody</systemitem> user. Certain tests,
98 however, require that the user be a member of more than one group. So that
99 these tests are not skipped we'll add a temporary group and make the
100 user <systemitem class="username">nobody</systemitem> a part of it:</para>
101
102<screen><userinput remap="test">echo "dummy:x:1000:nobody" &gt;&gt; /etc/group</userinput></screen>
103
104 <para>Fix some of the permissions so that the non-root user can compile and
105 run the tests:</para>
106
107<screen><userinput remap="test">chown -Rv nobody . </userinput></screen>
108
109 <para>Now run the tests:</para>
110
111<screen><userinput remap="test">su-tools nobody -s /bin/bash -c "make RUN_EXPENSIVE_TESTS=yes check"</userinput></screen>
112
113 <para>Remove the temporary group:</para>
114
115<screen><userinput remap="test">sed -i '/dummy/d' /etc/group</userinput></screen>
116
117 <para>Install the package:</para>
118
119<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
120
121 <para>Move programs to the locations specified by the FHS:</para>
122
123<screen><userinput remap="install">mv -v /usr/bin/{cat,chgrp,chmod,chown,cp,date,dd,df,echo} /bin
124mv -v /usr/bin/{false,ln,ls,mkdir,mknod,mv,pwd,rm} /bin
125mv -v /usr/bin/{rmdir,stty,sync,true,uname} /bin
126mv -v /usr/bin/chroot /usr/sbin
127mv -v /usr/share/man/man1/chroot.1 /usr/share/man/man8/chroot.8
128sed -i s/\"1\"/\"8\"/1 /usr/share/man/man8/chroot.8</userinput></screen>
129
130 <para>Some of the scripts in the LFS-Bootscripts package depend on
131 <command>head</command>, <command>sleep</command>, and
132 <command>nice</command>. As <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
133 may not be available during the early stages of booting, those binaries
134 need to be on the root partition:</para>
135
136<screen><userinput remap="install">mv -v /usr/bin/{head,sleep,nice} /bin</userinput></screen>
137
138 </sect2>
139
140
141 <sect2 id="contents-coreutils" role="content">
142 <title>Contents of Coreutils</title>
143
144 <segmentedlist>
145 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
146 <segtitle>Installed library</segtitle>
147 <segtitle>Installed directory</segtitle>
148
149 <seglistitem>
150 <seg>base64, basename, cat, chcon, chgrp, chmod, chown, chroot, cksum,
151 comm, cp, csplit, cut, date, dd, df, dir, dircolors, dirname, du, echo,
152 env, expand, expr, factor, false, fmt, fold, groups, head, hostid,
153 id, install, join, link, ln, logname, ls, md5sum, mkdir, mkfifo, mknod,
154 mktemp, mv, nice, nl, nohup, nproc, od, paste, pathchk, pinky, pr,
155 printenv, printf, ptx, pwd, readlink, rm, rmdir, runcon, seq, sha1sum,
156 sha224sum, sha256sum, sha384sum, sha512sum, shred, shuf, sleep, sort,
157 split, stat, stdbuf, stty, sum, sync, tac, tail, tee, test, timeout,
158 touch, tr, true, truncate, tsort, tty, uname, unexpand, uniq, unlink,
159 users, vdir, wc, who, whoami, and yes</seg>
160 <seg>libstdbuf.so</seg>
161 <seg>/usr/libexec/coreutils</seg>
162 </seglistitem>
163 </segmentedlist>
164
165 <variablelist>
166 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
167 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
168 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
169
170 <varlistentry id="base64">
171 <term><command>base64</command></term>
172 <listitem>
173 <para>Encodes and decodes data according to the base64 (RFC 3548)
174 specification</para>
175 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils base64">
176 <primary sortas="b-base64">base64</primary>
177 </indexterm>
178 </listitem>
179 </varlistentry>
180
181 <varlistentry id="basename">
182 <term><command>basename</command></term>
183 <listitem>
184 <para>Strips any path and a given suffix from a file name</para>
185 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils basename">
186 <primary sortas="b-basename">basename</primary>
187 </indexterm>
188 </listitem>
189 </varlistentry>
190
191 <varlistentry id="cat">
192 <term><command>cat</command></term>
193 <listitem>
194 <para>Concatenates files to standard output</para>
195 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cat">
196 <primary sortas="b-cat">cat</primary>
197 </indexterm>
198 </listitem>
199 </varlistentry>
200
201 <varlistentry id="chcon">
202 <term><command>chcon</command></term>
203 <listitem>
204 <para>Changes security context for files and directories</para>
205 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chcon">
206 <primary sortas="b-chcon">chcon</primary>
207 </indexterm>
208 </listitem>
209 </varlistentry>
210
211 <varlistentry id="chgrp">
212 <term><command>chgrp</command></term>
213 <listitem>
214 <para>Changes the group ownership of files and directories</para>
215 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chgrp">
216 <primary sortas="b-chgrp">chgrp</primary>
217 </indexterm>
218 </listitem>
219 </varlistentry>
220
221 <varlistentry id="chmod">
222 <term><command>chmod</command></term>
223 <listitem>
224 <para>Changes the permissions of each file to the given mode; the mode
225 can be either a symbolic representation of the changes to make or an
226 octal number representing the new permissions</para>
227 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chmod">
228 <primary sortas="b-chmod">chmod</primary>
229 </indexterm>
230 </listitem>
231 </varlistentry>
232
233 <varlistentry id="chown">
234 <term><command>chown</command></term>
235 <listitem>
236 <para>Changes the user and/or group ownership of files and
237 directories</para>
238 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chown">
239 <primary sortas="b-chown">chown</primary>
240 </indexterm>
241 </listitem>
242 </varlistentry>
243
244 <varlistentry id="chroot">
245 <term><command>chroot</command></term>
246 <listitem>
247 <para>Runs a command with the specified directory as the
248 <filename class="directory">/</filename> directory</para>
249 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chroot">
250 <primary sortas="b-chroot">chroot</primary>
251 </indexterm>
252 </listitem>
253 </varlistentry>
254
255 <varlistentry id="cksum">
256 <term><command>cksum</command></term>
257 <listitem>
258 <para>Prints the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) checksum and the byte
259 counts of each specified file</para>
260 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cksum">
261 <primary sortas="b-cksum">cksum</primary>
262 </indexterm>
263 </listitem>
264 </varlistentry>
265
266 <varlistentry id="comm">
267 <term><command>comm</command></term>
268 <listitem>
269 <para>Compares two sorted files, outputting in three columns the lines
270 that are unique and the lines that are common</para>
271 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils comm">
272 <primary sortas="b-comm">comm</primary>
273 </indexterm>
274 </listitem>
275 </varlistentry>
276
277 <varlistentry id="cp">
278 <term><command>cp</command></term>
279 <listitem>
280 <para>Copies files</para>
281 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cp">
282 <primary sortas="b-cp">cp</primary>
283 </indexterm>
284 </listitem>
285 </varlistentry>
286
287 <varlistentry id="csplit">
288 <term><command>csplit</command></term>
289 <listitem>
290 <para>Splits a given file into several new files, separating them
291 according to given patterns or line numbers and outputting the byte
292 count of each new file</para>
293 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils csplit">
294 <primary sortas="b-csplit">csplit</primary>
295 </indexterm>
296 </listitem>
297 </varlistentry>
298
299 <varlistentry id="cut">
300 <term><command>cut</command></term>
301 <listitem>
302 <para>Prints sections of lines, selecting the parts according to given
303 fields or positions</para>
304 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cut">
305 <primary sortas="b-cut">cut</primary>
306 </indexterm>
307 </listitem>
308 </varlistentry>
309
310 <varlistentry id="date">
311 <term><command>date</command></term>
312 <listitem>
313 <para>Displays the current time in the given format, or sets the
314 system date</para>
315 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils date">
316 <primary sortas="b-date">date</primary>
317 </indexterm>
318 </listitem>
319 </varlistentry>
320
321 <varlistentry id="dd">
322 <term><command>dd</command> </term>
323 <listitem>
324 <para>Copies a file using the given block size and count, while
325 optionally performing conversions on it</para>
326 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dd">
327 <primary sortas="b-dd">dd</primary>
328 </indexterm>
329 </listitem>
330 </varlistentry>
331
332 <varlistentry id="df">
333 <term><command>df</command></term>
334 <listitem>
335 <para>Reports the amount of disk space available (and used) on all
336 mounted file systems, or only on the file systems holding the selected
337 files</para>
338 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils df">
339 <primary sortas="b-df">df</primary>
340 </indexterm>
341 </listitem>
342 </varlistentry>
343
344 <varlistentry id="dir">
345 <term><command>dir</command></term>
346 <listitem>
347 <para>Lists the contents of each given directory (the same as
348 the <command>ls</command> command)</para>
349 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dir">
350 <primary sortas="b-dir">dir</primary>
351 </indexterm>
352 </listitem>
353 </varlistentry>
354
355 <varlistentry id="dircolors">
356 <term><command>dircolors</command></term>
357 <listitem>
358 <para>Outputs commands to set the <envar>LS_COLOR</envar>
359 environment variable to change the color scheme used by
360 <command>ls</command></para>
361 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dircolors">
362 <primary sortas="b-dircolors">dircolors</primary>
363 </indexterm>
364 </listitem>
365 </varlistentry>
366
367 <varlistentry id="dirname">
368 <term><command>dirname</command></term>
369 <listitem>
370 <para>Strips the non-directory suffix from a file name</para>
371 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dirname">
372 <primary sortas="b-dirname">dirname</primary>
373 </indexterm>
374 </listitem>
375 </varlistentry>
376
377 <varlistentry id="du">
378 <term><command>du</command></term>
379 <listitem>
380 <para>Reports the amount of disk space used by the current directory,
381 by each of the given directories (including all subdirectories) or by
382 each of the given files</para>
383 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils du">
384 <primary sortas="b-du">du</primary>
385 </indexterm>
386 </listitem>
387 </varlistentry>
388
389 <varlistentry id="echo">
390 <term><command>echo</command></term>
391 <listitem>
392 <para>Displays the given strings</para>
393 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils echo">
394 <primary sortas="b-echo">echo</primary>
395 </indexterm>
396 </listitem>
397 </varlistentry>
398
399 <varlistentry id="env">
400 <term><command>env</command></term>
401 <listitem>
402 <para>Runs a command in a modified environment</para>
403 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils env">
404 <primary sortas="b-env">env</primary>
405 </indexterm>
406 </listitem>
407 </varlistentry>
408
409 <varlistentry id="expand">
410 <term><command>expand</command></term>
411 <listitem>
412 <para>Converts tabs to spaces</para>
413 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils expand">
414 <primary sortas="b-expand">expand</primary>
415 </indexterm>
416 </listitem>
417 </varlistentry>
418
419 <varlistentry id="expr">
420 <term><command>expr</command></term>
421 <listitem>
422 <para>Evaluates expressions</para>
423 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils expr">
424 <primary sortas="b-expr">expr</primary>
425 </indexterm>
426 </listitem>
427 </varlistentry>
428
429 <varlistentry id="factor">
430 <term><command>factor</command></term>
431 <listitem>
432 <para>Prints the prime factors of all specified integer numbers</para>
433 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils factor">
434 <primary sortas="b-factor">factor</primary>
435 </indexterm>
436 </listitem>
437 </varlistentry>
438
439 <varlistentry id="false">
440 <term><command>false</command></term>
441 <listitem>
442 <para>Does nothing, unsuccessfully; it always exits with a status code
443 indicating failure</para>
444 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils false">
445 <primary sortas="b-false">false</primary>
446 </indexterm>
447 </listitem>
448 </varlistentry>
449
450 <varlistentry id="fmt">
451 <term><command>fmt</command></term>
452 <listitem>
453 <para>Reformats the paragraphs in the given files</para>
454 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils fmt">
455 <primary sortas="b-fmt">fmt</primary>
456 </indexterm>
457 </listitem>
458 </varlistentry>
459
460 <varlistentry id="fold">
461 <term><command>fold</command></term>
462 <listitem>
463 <para>Wraps the lines in the given files</para>
464 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils fold">
465 <primary sortas="b-fold">fold</primary>
466 </indexterm>
467 </listitem>
468 </varlistentry>
469
470 <varlistentry id="groups">
471 <term><command>groups</command></term>
472 <listitem>
473 <para>Reports a user's group memberships</para>
474 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils groups">
475 <primary sortas="b-groups">groups</primary>
476 </indexterm>
477 </listitem>
478 </varlistentry>
479
480 <varlistentry id="head">
481 <term><command>head</command></term>
482 <listitem>
483 <para>Prints the first ten lines (or the given number of lines)
484 of each given file</para>
485 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils head">
486 <primary sortas="b-head">head</primary>
487 </indexterm>
488 </listitem>
489 </varlistentry>
490
491 <varlistentry id="hostid">
492 <term><command>hostid</command></term>
493 <listitem>
494 <para>Reports the numeric identifier (in hexadecimal) of the host</para>
495 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils hostid">
496 <primary sortas="b-hostid">hostid</primary>
497 </indexterm>
498 </listitem>
499 </varlistentry>
500
501 <varlistentry id="id">
502 <term><command>id</command></term>
503 <listitem>
504 <para>Reports the effective user ID, group ID, and group memberships
505 of the current user or specified user</para>
506 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils id">
507 <primary sortas="b-id">id</primary>
508 </indexterm>
509 </listitem>
510 </varlistentry>
511
512 <varlistentry id="install">
513 <term><command>install</command> </term>
514 <listitem>
515 <para>Copies files while setting their permission modes and, if
516 possible, their owner and group</para>
517 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils install">
518 <primary sortas="b-install">install</primary>
519 </indexterm>
520 </listitem>
521 </varlistentry>
522
523 <varlistentry id="join">
524 <term><command>join</command></term>
525 <listitem>
526 <para>Joins the lines that have identical join fields from two
527 separate files</para>
528 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils join">
529 <primary sortas="b-join">join</primary>
530 </indexterm>
531 </listitem>
532 </varlistentry>
533
534 <varlistentry id="link">
535 <term><command>link</command></term>
536 <listitem>
537 <para>Creates a hard link with the given name to a file</para>
538 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils link">
539 <primary sortas="b-link">link</primary>
540 </indexterm>
541 </listitem>
542 </varlistentry>
543
544 <varlistentry id="ln">
545 <term><command>ln</command></term>
546 <listitem>
547 <para>Makes hard links or soft (symbolic) links between files</para>
548 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ln">
549 <primary sortas="b-ln">ln</primary>
550 </indexterm>
551 </listitem>
552 </varlistentry>
553
554 <varlistentry id="logname">
555 <term><command>logname</command></term>
556 <listitem>
557 <para>Reports the current user's login name</para>
558 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils logname">
559 <primary sortas="b-logname">logname</primary>
560 </indexterm>
561 </listitem>
562 </varlistentry>
563
564 <varlistentry id="ls">
565 <term><command>ls</command></term>
566 <listitem>
567 <para>Lists the contents of each given directory</para>
568 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ls">
569 <primary sortas="b-ls">ls</primary>
570 </indexterm>
571 </listitem>
572 </varlistentry>
573
574 <varlistentry id="md5sum">
575 <term><command>md5sum</command></term>
576 <listitem>
577 <para>Reports or checks Message Digest 5 (MD5) checksums</para>
578 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils md5sum">
579 <primary sortas="b-md5sum">md5sum</primary>
580 </indexterm>
581 </listitem>
582 </varlistentry>
583
584 <varlistentry id="mkdir">
585 <term><command>mkdir</command></term>
586 <listitem>
587 <para>Creates directories with the given names</para>
588 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mkdir">
589 <primary sortas="b-mkdir">mkdir</primary>
590 </indexterm>
591 </listitem>
592 </varlistentry>
593
594 <varlistentry id="mkfifo">
595 <term><command>mkfifo</command></term>
596 <listitem>
597 <para>Creates First-In, First-Outs (FIFOs), a <quote>named
598 pipe</quote> in UNIX parlance, with the given names</para>
599 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mkfifo">
600 <primary sortas="b-mkfifo">mkfifo</primary>
601 </indexterm>
602 </listitem>
603 </varlistentry>
604
605 <varlistentry id="mknod">
606 <term><command>mknod</command></term>
607 <listitem>
608 <para>Creates device nodes with the given names; a device node is a
609 character special file, a block special file, or a FIFO</para>
610 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mknod">
611 <primary sortas="b-mknod">mknod</primary>
612 </indexterm>
613 </listitem>
614 </varlistentry>
615
616 <varlistentry id="mktemp">
617 <term><command>mktemp</command></term>
618 <listitem>
619 <para>Creates temporary files in a secure manner; it is used in scripts</para>
620 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mktemp">
621 <primary sortas="b-mktemp">mktemp</primary>
622 </indexterm>
623 </listitem>
624 </varlistentry>
625
626 <varlistentry id="mv">
627 <term><command>mv</command></term>
628 <listitem>
629 <para>Moves or renames files or directories</para>
630 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mv">
631 <primary sortas="b-mv">mv</primary>
632 </indexterm>
633 </listitem>
634 </varlistentry>
635
636 <varlistentry id="nice">
637 <term><command>nice</command></term>
638 <listitem>
639 <para>Runs a program with modified scheduling priority</para>
640 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nice">
641 <primary sortas="b-nice">nice</primary>
642 </indexterm>
643 </listitem>
644 </varlistentry>
645
646 <varlistentry id="nl">
647 <term><command>nl</command></term>
648 <listitem>
649 <para>Numbers the lines from the given files</para>
650 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nl">
651 <primary sortas="b-nl">nl</primary>
652 </indexterm>
653 </listitem>
654 </varlistentry>
655
656 <varlistentry id="nohup">
657 <term><command>nohup</command></term>
658 <listitem>
659 <para>Runs a command immune to hangups, with its output redirected to
660 a log file</para>
661 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nohup">
662 <primary sortas="b-nohup">nohup</primary>
663 </indexterm>
664 </listitem>
665 </varlistentry>
666
667 <varlistentry id="nproc">
668 <term><command>nproc</command></term>
669 <listitem>
670 <para>Prints the number of processing units available to a
671 process</para>
672 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nproc">
673 <primary sortas="b-nproc">nproc</primary>
674 </indexterm>
675 </listitem>
676 </varlistentry>
677
678 <varlistentry id="od">
679 <term><command>od</command></term>
680 <listitem>
681 <para>Dumps files in octal and other formats</para>
682 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils od">
683 <primary sortas="b-od">od</primary>
684 </indexterm>
685 </listitem>
686 </varlistentry>
687
688 <varlistentry id="paste">
689 <term><command>paste</command></term>
690 <listitem>
691 <para>Merges the given files, joining sequentially corresponding lines
692 side by side, separated by tab characters</para>
693 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils paste">
694 <primary sortas="b-paste">paste</primary>
695 </indexterm>
696 </listitem>
697 </varlistentry>
698
699 <varlistentry id="pathchk">
700 <term><command>pathchk</command></term>
701 <listitem>
702 <para>Checks if file names are valid or portable</para>
703 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pathchk">
704 <primary sortas="b-pathchk">pathchk</primary>
705 </indexterm>
706 </listitem>
707 </varlistentry>
708
709 <varlistentry id="pinky">
710 <term><command>pinky</command></term>
711 <listitem>
712 <para>Is a lightweight finger client; it reports some information
713 about the given users</para>
714 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pinky">
715 <primary sortas="b-pinky">pinky</primary>
716 </indexterm>
717 </listitem>
718 </varlistentry>
719
720 <varlistentry id="pr">
721 <term><command>pr</command></term>
722 <listitem>
723 <para>Paginates and columnates files for printing</para>
724 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pr">
725 <primary sortas="b-pr">pr</primary>
726 </indexterm>
727 </listitem>
728 </varlistentry>
729
730 <varlistentry id="printenv">
731 <term><command>printenv</command></term>
732 <listitem>
733 <para>Prints the environment</para>
734 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils printenv">
735 <primary sortas="b-printenv">printenv</primary>
736 </indexterm>
737 </listitem>
738 </varlistentry>
739
740 <varlistentry id="printf">
741 <term><command>printf</command></term>
742 <listitem>
743 <para>Prints the given arguments according to the given format, much
744 like the C printf function</para>
745 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils printf">
746 <primary sortas="b-printf">printf</primary>
747 </indexterm>
748 </listitem>
749 </varlistentry>
750
751 <varlistentry id="ptx">
752 <term><command>ptx</command></term>
753 <listitem>
754 <para>Produces a permuted index from the contents of the given files,
755 with each keyword in its context</para>
756 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ptx">
757 <primary sortas="b-ptx">ptx</primary>
758 </indexterm>
759 </listitem>
760 </varlistentry>
761
762 <varlistentry id="pwd">
763 <term><command>pwd</command></term>
764 <listitem>
765 <para>Reports the name of the current working directory</para>
766 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pwd">
767 <primary sortas="b-pwd">pwd</primary>
768 </indexterm>
769 </listitem>
770 </varlistentry>
771
772 <varlistentry id="readlink">
773 <term><command>readlink</command></term>
774 <listitem>
775 <para>Reports the value of the given symbolic link</para>
776 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils readlink">
777 <primary sortas="b-readlink">readlink</primary>
778 </indexterm>
779 </listitem>
780 </varlistentry>
781
782 <varlistentry id="rm">
783 <term><command>rm</command></term>
784 <listitem>
785 <para>Removes files or directories</para>
786 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils rm">
787 <primary sortas="b-rm">rm</primary>
788 </indexterm>
789 </listitem>
790 </varlistentry>
791
792 <varlistentry id="rmdir">
793 <term><command>rmdir</command></term>
794 <listitem>
795 <para>Removes directories if they are empty</para>
796 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils rmdir">
797 <primary sortas="b-rmdir">rmdir</primary>
798 </indexterm>
799 </listitem>
800 </varlistentry>
801
802 <varlistentry id="runcon">
803 <term><command>runcon</command></term>
804 <listitem>
805 <para>Runs a command with specified security context</para>
806 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils runcon">
807 <primary sortas="b-runcon">runcon</primary>
808 </indexterm>
809 </listitem>
810 </varlistentry>
811
812 <varlistentry id="seq">
813 <term><command>seq</command></term>
814 <listitem>
815 <para>Prints a sequence of numbers within a given range and with a
816 given increment</para>
817 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils seq">
818 <primary sortas="b-seq">seq</primary>
819 </indexterm>
820 </listitem>
821 </varlistentry>
822
823 <varlistentry id="sha1sum">
824 <term><command>sha1sum</command></term>
825 <listitem>
826 <para>Prints or checks 160-bit Secure Hash Algorithm 1 (SHA1)
827 checksums</para>
828 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha1sum">
829 <primary sortas="b-sha1sum">sha1sum</primary>
830 </indexterm>
831 </listitem>
832 </varlistentry>
833
834 <varlistentry id="sha224sum">
835 <term><command>sha224sum</command></term>
836 <listitem>
837 <para>Prints or checks 224-bit Secure Hash Algorithm checksums</para>
838 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha224sum">
839 <primary sortas="b-sha224sum">sha224sum</primary>
840 </indexterm>
841 </listitem>
842 </varlistentry>
843
844 <varlistentry id="sha256sum">
845 <term><command>sha256sum</command></term>
846 <listitem>
847 <para>Prints or checks 256-bit Secure Hash Algorithm checksums</para>
848 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha256sum">
849 <primary sortas="b-sha256sum">sha256sum</primary>
850 </indexterm>
851 </listitem>
852 </varlistentry>
853
854 <varlistentry id="sha384sum">
855 <term><command>sha384sum</command></term>
856 <listitem>
857 <para>Prints or checks 384-bit Secure Hash Algorithm checksums</para>
858 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha384sum">
859 <primary sortas="b-sha384sum">sha384sum</primary>
860 </indexterm>
861 </listitem>
862 </varlistentry>
863
864 <varlistentry id="sha512sum">
865 <term><command>sha512sum</command></term>
866 <listitem>
867 <para>Prints or checks 512-bit Secure Hash Algorithm checksums</para>
868 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha512sum">
869 <primary sortas="b-sha512sum">sha512sum</primary>
870 </indexterm>
871 </listitem>
872 </varlistentry>
873
874 <varlistentry id="shred">
875 <term><command>shred</command></term>
876 <listitem>
877 <para>Overwrites the given files repeatedly with complex patterns,
878 making it difficult to recover the data</para>
879 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils shred">
880 <primary sortas="b-shred">shred</primary>
881 </indexterm>
882 </listitem>
883 </varlistentry>
884
885 <varlistentry id="shuf">
886 <term><command>shuf</command></term>
887 <listitem>
888 <para>Shuffles lines of text</para>
889 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils shuf">
890 <primary sortas="b-shuf">shuf</primary>
891 </indexterm>
892 </listitem>
893 </varlistentry>
894
895 <varlistentry id="sleep">
896 <term><command>sleep</command></term>
897 <listitem>
898 <para>Pauses for the given amount of time</para>
899 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sleep">
900 <primary sortas="b-sleep">sleep</primary>
901 </indexterm>
902 </listitem>
903 </varlistentry>
904
905 <varlistentry id="sort">
906 <term><command>sort</command></term>
907 <listitem>
908 <para>Sorts the lines from the given files</para>
909 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sort">
910 <primary sortas="b-sort">sort</primary>
911 </indexterm>
912 </listitem>
913 </varlistentry>
914
915 <varlistentry id="split">
916 <term><command>split</command></term>
917 <listitem>
918 <para>Splits the given file into pieces, by size or by number of
919 lines</para>
920 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils split">
921 <primary sortas="b-split">split</primary>
922 </indexterm>
923 </listitem>
924 </varlistentry>
925
926 <varlistentry id="stat">
927 <term><command>stat</command></term>
928 <listitem>
929 <para>Displays file or filesystem status</para>
930 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils stat">
931 <primary sortas="b-stat">stat</primary>
932 </indexterm>
933 </listitem>
934 </varlistentry>
935
936 <varlistentry id="stdbuf">
937 <term><command>stdbuf</command></term>
938 <listitem>
939 <para>Runs commands with altered buffering operations for its standard
940 streams</para>
941 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils stdbuf">
942 <primary sortas="b-stdbuf">stdbuf</primary>
943 </indexterm>
944 </listitem>
945 </varlistentry>
946
947 <varlistentry id="stty">
948 <term><command>stty</command></term>
949 <listitem>
950 <para>Sets or reports terminal line settings</para>
951 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils stty">
952 <primary sortas="b-stty">stty</primary>
953 </indexterm>
954 </listitem>
955 </varlistentry>
956
957 <varlistentry id="sum">
958 <term><command>sum</command></term>
959 <listitem>
960 <para>Prints checksum and block counts for each given file</para>
961 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sum">
962 <primary sortas="b-sum">sum</primary>
963 </indexterm>
964 </listitem>
965 </varlistentry>
966
967 <varlistentry id="sync">
968 <term><command>sync</command></term>
969 <listitem>
970 <para>Flushes file system buffers; it forces changed blocks to disk
971 and updates the super block</para>
972 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sync">
973 <primary sortas="b-sync">sync</primary>
974 </indexterm>
975 </listitem>
976 </varlistentry>
977
978 <varlistentry id="tac">
979 <term><command>tac</command></term>
980 <listitem>
981 <para>Concatenates the given files in reverse</para>
982 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tac">
983 <primary sortas="b-tac">tac</primary>
984 </indexterm>
985 </listitem>
986 </varlistentry>
987
988 <varlistentry id="tail">
989 <term><command>tail</command></term>
990 <listitem>
991 <para>Prints the last ten lines (or the given number of lines) of each
992 given file</para>
993 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tail">
994 <primary sortas="b-tail">tail</primary>
995 </indexterm>
996 </listitem>
997 </varlistentry>
998
999 <varlistentry id="tee">
1000 <term><command>tee</command></term>
1001 <listitem>
1002 <para>Reads from standard input while writing both to standard output
1003 and to the given files</para>
1004 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tee">
1005 <primary sortas="b-tee">tee</primary>
1006 </indexterm>
1007 </listitem>
1008 </varlistentry>
1009
1010 <varlistentry id="test">
1011 <term><command>test</command></term>
1012 <listitem>
1013 <para>Compares values and checks file types</para>
1014 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils test">
1015 <primary sortas="b-test">test</primary>
1016 </indexterm>
1017 </listitem>
1018 </varlistentry>
1019
1020 <varlistentry id="timeout">
1021 <term><command>timeout</command></term>
1022 <listitem>
1023 <para>Runs a command with a time limit</para>
1024 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils timeout">
1025 <primary sortas="b-timeout">timeout</primary>
1026 </indexterm>
1027 </listitem>
1028 </varlistentry>
1029
1030 <varlistentry id="touch">
1031 <term><command>touch</command></term>
1032 <listitem>
1033 <para>Changes file timestamps, setting the access and modification
1034 times of the given files to the current time; files that do not exist
1035 are created with zero length</para>
1036 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils touch">
1037 <primary sortas="b-touch">touch</primary>
1038 </indexterm>
1039 </listitem>
1040 </varlistentry>
1041
1042 <varlistentry id="tr">
1043 <term><command>tr</command></term>
1044 <listitem>
1045 <para>Translates, squeezes, and deletes the given characters from
1046 standard input</para>
1047 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tr">
1048 <primary sortas="b-tr">tr</primary>
1049 </indexterm>
1050 </listitem>
1051 </varlistentry>
1052
1053 <varlistentry id="true">
1054 <term><command>true</command></term>
1055 <listitem>
1056 <para>Does nothing, successfully; it always exits with a status code
1057 indicating success</para>
1058 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils true">
1059 <primary sortas="b-true">true</primary>
1060 </indexterm>
1061 </listitem>
1062 </varlistentry>
1063
1064 <varlistentry id="truncate">
1065 <term><command>truncate</command></term>
1066 <listitem>
1067 <para>Shrinks or expands a file to the specified size</para>
1068 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils truncate">
1069 <primary sortas="b-truncate">truncate</primary>
1070 </indexterm>
1071 </listitem>
1072 </varlistentry>
1073
1074 <varlistentry id="tsort">
1075 <term><command>tsort</command></term>
1076 <listitem>
1077 <para>Performs a topological sort; it writes a completely ordered list
1078 according to the partial ordering in a given file</para>
1079 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tsort">
1080 <primary sortas="b-tsort">tsort</primary>
1081 </indexterm>
1082 </listitem>
1083 </varlistentry>
1084
1085 <varlistentry id="tty">
1086 <term><command>tty</command></term>
1087 <listitem>
1088 <para>Reports the file name of the terminal connected to standard
1089 input</para>
1090 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tty">
1091 <primary sortas="b-tty">tty</primary>
1092 </indexterm>
1093 </listitem>
1094 </varlistentry>
1095
1096 <varlistentry id="uname">
1097 <term><command>uname</command></term>
1098 <listitem>
1099 <para>Reports system information</para>
1100 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils uname">
1101 <primary sortas="b-uname">uname</primary>
1102 </indexterm>
1103 </listitem>
1104 </varlistentry>
1105
1106 <varlistentry id="unexpand">
1107 <term><command>unexpand</command></term>
1108 <listitem>
1109 <para>Converts spaces to tabs</para>
1110 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils unexpand">
1111 <primary sortas="b-unexpand">unexpand</primary>
1112 </indexterm>
1113 </listitem>
1114 </varlistentry>
1115
1116 <varlistentry id="uniq">
1117 <term><command>uniq</command></term>
1118 <listitem>
1119 <para>Discards all but one of successive identical lines</para>
1120 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils uniq">
1121 <primary sortas="b-uniq">uniq</primary>
1122 </indexterm>
1123 </listitem>
1124 </varlistentry>
1125
1126 <varlistentry id="unlink">
1127 <term><command>unlink</command></term>
1128 <listitem>
1129 <para>Removes the given file</para>
1130 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils unlink">
1131 <primary sortas="b-unlink">unlink</primary>
1132 </indexterm>
1133 </listitem>
1134 </varlistentry>
1135
1136 <varlistentry id="users">
1137 <term><command>users</command></term>
1138 <listitem>
1139 <para>Reports the names of the users currently logged on</para>
1140 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils users">
1141 <primary sortas="b-users">users</primary>
1142 </indexterm>
1143 </listitem>
1144 </varlistentry>
1145
1146 <varlistentry id="vdir">
1147 <term><command>vdir</command></term>
1148 <listitem>
1149 <para>Is the same as <command>ls -l</command></para>
1150 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils vdir">
1151 <primary sortas="b-vdir">vdir</primary>
1152 </indexterm>
1153 </listitem>
1154 </varlistentry>
1155
1156 <varlistentry id="wc">
1157 <term><command>wc</command></term>
1158 <listitem>
1159 <para>Reports the number of lines, words, and bytes for each given
1160 file, as well as a total line when more than one file is given</para>
1161 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils wc">
1162 <primary sortas="b-wc">wc</primary>
1163 </indexterm>
1164 </listitem>
1165 </varlistentry>
1166
1167 <varlistentry id="who">
1168 <term><command>who</command></term>
1169 <listitem>
1170 <para>Reports who is logged on</para>
1171 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils who">
1172 <primary sortas="b-who">who</primary>
1173 </indexterm>
1174 </listitem>
1175 </varlistentry>
1176
1177 <varlistentry id="whoami">
1178 <term><command>whoami</command></term>
1179 <listitem>
1180 <para>Reports the user name associated with the current effective
1181 user ID</para>
1182 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils whoami">
1183 <primary sortas="b-whoami">whoami</primary>
1184 </indexterm>
1185 </listitem>
1186 </varlistentry>
1187
1188 <varlistentry id="yes">
1189 <term><command>yes</command></term>
1190 <listitem>
1191 <para>Repeatedly outputs <quote>y</quote> or a given string until
1192 killed</para>
1193 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils yes">
1194 <primary sortas="b-yes">yes</primary>
1195 </indexterm>
1196 </listitem>
1197 </varlistentry>
1198
1199 <varlistentry id="libstdbuf">
1200 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libstdbuf.so</filename></term>
1201 <listitem>
1202 <para>Library used by <command>stdbuf</command></para>
1203 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils libstdbuf">
1204 <primary sortas="c-libstdbuf">libstdbuf.so</primary>
1205 </indexterm>
1206 </listitem>
1207 </varlistentry>
1208
1209 </variablelist>
1210
1211 </sect2>
1212
1213</sect1>
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