source: chapter06/coreutils.xml@ 8ef8304

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Last change on this file since 8ef8304 was 8ef8304, checked in by Manuel Canales Esparcia <manuel@…>, 18 years ago

Indenting chapter 6, part 3

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-coreutils" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="coreutils.html"?>
10
11 <title>Coreutils-&coreutils-version;</title>
12
13 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils">
14 <primary sortas="a-Coreutils">Coreutils</primary>
15 </indexterm>
16
17 <sect2 role="package">
18 <title/>
19
20 <para>The Coreutils package contains utilities for showing and setting the
21 basic system characteristics.</para>
22
23 <segmentedlist>
24 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
25 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
26
27 <seglistitem>
28 <seg>0.9 SBU</seg>
29 <seg>52.8 MB</seg>
30 </seglistitem>
31 </segmentedlist>
32
33 <segmentedlist>
34 <segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle>
35
36 <seglistitem>
37 <seg>Bash, Binutils, Coreutils, Diffutils, GCC, Gettext, Glibc,
38 Grep, Make, Perl, and Sed</seg>
39 </seglistitem>
40 </segmentedlist>
41
42 </sect2>
43
44 <sect2 role="installation">
45 <title>Installation of Coreutils</title>
46
47 <para>A known issue with the <command>uname</command> program from
48 this package is that the <parameter>-p</parameter> switch always
49 returns <computeroutput>unknown</computeroutput>. The following patch
50 fixes this behavior for Intel architectures:</para>
51
52<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&coreutils-uname-patch;</userinput></screen>
53
54 <para>Prevent Coreutils from installing binaries that will be installed by
55 other packages later:</para>
56
57<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&coreutils-suppress-patch;</userinput></screen>
58
59 <para>POSIX requires that programs from Coreutils recognize character
60 boundaries correctly even in multibyte locales. The following patch
61 fixes this non-compliance and other internationalization-related bugs:</para>
62
63<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&coreutils-i18n-patch;</userinput></screen>
64
65 <para>In order for the tests added by this patch to pass, the permissions for
66 the test file have to be changed:</para>
67
68<screen><userinput>chmod +x tests/sort/sort-mb-tests</userinput></screen>
69
70 <note>
71 <para>In the past, many bugs were found in this patch. When reporting new
72 bugs to Coreutils maintainers, please check first if they are reproducible
73 without this patch.</para>
74 </note>
75
76 <para>It has been found that translated messages sometimes overflow a buffer
77 in the <command>who -Hu</command> command. Increase the buffer size:</para>
78
79<screen><userinput>sed -i 's/_LEN 6/_LEN 20/' src/who.c</userinput></screen>
80
81 <para>Now prepare Coreutils for compilation:</para>
82
83<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr</userinput></screen>
84
85 <para>Compile the package:</para>
86
87<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
88
89 <para>The test suite of Coreutils makes several assumptions about the
90 presence of system users and groups that are not valid within the minimal
91 environment that exists at the moment. Therefore, additional items need
92 to be set up before running the tests. Skip down to <quote>Install the
93 package</quote> if not running the test suite.</para>
94
95 <para>Create two dummy groups and a dummy user:</para>
96
97<screen><userinput>echo "dummy1:x:1000:" &gt;&gt; /etc/group
98echo "dummy2:x:1001:dummy" &gt;&gt; /etc/group
99echo "dummy:x:1000:1000::/root:/bin/bash" &gt;&gt; /etc/passwd</userinput></screen>
100
101 <para>Now the test suite is ready to be run. First, run the tests that are
102 meant to be run as user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>:</para>
103
104<screen><userinput>make NON_ROOT_USERNAME=dummy check-root</userinput></screen>
105
106 <para>Then run the remainder of the tests as the
107 <systemitem class="username">dummy</systemitem> user:</para>
108
109<screen><userinput>src/su dummy -c "make RUN_EXPENSIVE_TESTS=yes check"</userinput></screen>
110
111 <para>When testing is complete, remove the dummy user and groups:</para>
112
113<screen><userinput>sed -i '/dummy/d' /etc/passwd /etc/group</userinput></screen>
114
115 <para>Install the package:</para>
116
117<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
118
119 <para>Move programs to the locations specified by the FHS:</para>
120
121<screen><userinput>mv -v /usr/bin/{cat,chgrp,chmod,chown,cp,date,dd,df,echo} /bin
122mv -v /usr/bin/{false,hostname,ln,ls,mkdir,mknod,mv,pwd,rm} /bin
123mv -v /usr/bin/{rmdir,stty,sync,true,uname} /bin
124mv -v /usr/bin/chroot /usr/sbin</userinput></screen>
125
126 <para>Some of the scripts in the LFS-Bootscripts package depend on
127 <command>head</command> and <command>sleep</command>. As
128 <filename class="directory">/usr</filename> may not be available during the
129 early stages of booting, those binaries need to be on the root
130 partition:</para>
131
132<screen><userinput>mv -v /usr/bin/{head,sleep} /bin</userinput></screen>
133
134 </sect2>
135
136
137 <sect2 id="contents-coreutils" role="content">
138 <title>Contents of Coreutils</title>
139
140 <segmentedlist>
141 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
142
143 <seglistitem>
144 <seg>basename, cat, chgrp, chmod, chown, chroot, cksum, comm, cp,
145 csplit, cut, date, dd, df, dir, dircolors, dirname, du, echo, env,
146 expand, expr, factor, false, fmt, fold, groups, head, hostid,
147 hostname, id, install, join, link, ln, logname, ls, md5sum, mkdir,
148 mkfifo, mknod, mv, nice, nl, nohup, od, paste, pathchk, pinky, pr,
149 printenv, printf, ptx, pwd, readlink, rm, rmdir, seq, sha1sum, shred,
150 sleep, sort, split, stat, stty, sum, sync, tac, tail, tee, test,
151 touch, tr, true, tsort, tty, uname, unexpand, uniq, unlink, users,
152 vdir, wc, who, whoami, and yes</seg>
153 </seglistitem>
154 </segmentedlist>
155
156 <variablelist>
157 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
158 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
159 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
160
161 <varlistentry id="basename">
162 <term><command>basename</command></term>
163 <listitem>
164 <para>Strips any path and a given suffix from a file name</para>
165 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils basename">
166 <primary sortas="b-basename">basename</primary>
167 </indexterm>
168 </listitem>
169 </varlistentry>
170
171 <varlistentry id="cat">
172 <term><command>cat</command></term>
173 <listitem>
174 <para>Concatenates files to standard output</para>
175 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cat">
176 <primary sortas="b-cat">cat</primary>
177 </indexterm>
178 </listitem>
179 </varlistentry>
180
181 <varlistentry id="chgrp">
182 <term><command>chgrp</command></term>
183 <listitem>
184 <para>Changes the group ownership of files and directories</para>
185 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chgrp">
186 <primary sortas="b-chgrp">chgrp</primary>
187 </indexterm>
188 </listitem>
189 </varlistentry>
190
191 <varlistentry id="chmod">
192 <term><command>chmod</command></term>
193 <listitem>
194 <para>Changes the permissions of each file to the given mode; the mode
195 can be either a symbolic representation of the changes to make or an
196 octal number representing the new permissions</para>
197 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chmod">
198 <primary sortas="b-chmod">chmod</primary>
199 </indexterm>
200 </listitem>
201 </varlistentry>
202
203 <varlistentry id="chown">
204 <term><command>chown</command></term>
205 <listitem>
206 <para>Changes the user and/or group ownership of files and
207 directories</para>
208 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chown">
209 <primary sortas="b-chown">chown</primary>
210 </indexterm>
211 </listitem>
212 </varlistentry>
213
214 <varlistentry id="chroot">
215 <term><command>chroot</command></term>
216 <listitem>
217 <para>Runs a command with the specified directory as the
218 <filename class="directory">/</filename> directory</para>
219 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chroot">
220 <primary sortas="b-chroot">chroot</primary>
221 </indexterm>
222 </listitem>
223 </varlistentry>
224
225 <varlistentry id="cksum">
226 <term><command>cksum</command></term>
227 <listitem>
228 <para>Prints the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) checksum and the byte
229 counts of each specified file</para>
230 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cksum">
231 <primary sortas="b-cksum">cksum</primary>
232 </indexterm>
233 </listitem>
234 </varlistentry>
235
236 <varlistentry id="comm">
237 <term><command>comm</command></term>
238 <listitem>
239 <para>Compares two sorted files, outputting in three columns the lines
240 that are unique and the lines that are common</para>
241 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils comm">
242 <primary sortas="b-comm">comm</primary>
243 </indexterm>
244 </listitem>
245 </varlistentry>
246
247 <varlistentry id="cp">
248 <term><command>cp</command></term>
249 <listitem>
250 <para>Copies files</para>
251 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cp">
252 <primary sortas="b-cp">cp</primary>
253 </indexterm>
254 </listitem>
255 </varlistentry>
256
257 <varlistentry id="csplit">
258 <term><command>csplit</command></term>
259 <listitem>
260 <para>Splits a given file into several new files, separating them
261 according to given patterns or line numbers and outputting the byte
262 count of each new file</para>
263 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils csplit">
264 <primary sortas="b-csplit">csplit</primary>
265 </indexterm>
266 </listitem>
267 </varlistentry>
268
269 <varlistentry id="cut">
270 <term><command>cut</command></term>
271 <listitem>
272 <para>Prints sections of lines, selecting the parts according to given
273 fields or positions</para>
274 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cut">
275 <primary sortas="b-cut">cut</primary>
276 </indexterm>
277 </listitem>
278 </varlistentry>
279
280 <varlistentry id="date">
281 <term><command>date</command></term>
282 <listitem>
283 <para>Displays the current time in the given format, or sets the
284 system date</para>
285 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils date">
286 <primary sortas="b-date">date</primary>
287 </indexterm>
288 </listitem>
289 </varlistentry>
290
291 <varlistentry id="dd">
292 <term><command>dd</command> </term>
293 <listitem>
294 <para>Copies a file using the given block size and count, while
295 optionally performing conversions on it</para>
296 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dd">
297 <primary sortas="b-dd">dd</primary>
298 </indexterm>
299 </listitem>
300 </varlistentry>
301
302 <varlistentry id="df">
303 <term><command>df</command></term>
304 <listitem>
305 <para>Reports the amount of disk space available (and used) on all
306 mounted file systems, or only on the file systems holding the selected
307 files</para>
308 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils df">
309 <primary sortas="b-df">df</primary>
310 </indexterm>
311 </listitem>
312 </varlistentry>
313
314 <varlistentry id="dir">
315 <term><command>dir</command></term>
316 <listitem>
317 <para>Lists the contents of each given directory (the same as
318 the <command>ls</command> command)</para>
319 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dir">
320 <primary sortas="b-dir">dir</primary>
321 </indexterm>
322 </listitem>
323 </varlistentry>
324
325 <varlistentry id="dircolors">
326 <term><command>dircolors</command></term>
327 <listitem>
328 <para>Outputs commands to set the <envar>LS_COLOR</envar>
329 environment variable to change the color scheme used by
330 <command>ls</command></para>
331 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dircolors">
332 <primary sortas="b-dircolors">dircolors</primary>
333 </indexterm>
334 </listitem>
335 </varlistentry>
336
337 <varlistentry id="dirname">
338 <term><command>dirname</command></term>
339 <listitem>
340 <para>Strips the non-directory suffix from a file name</para>
341 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dirname">
342 <primary sortas="b-dirname">dirname</primary>
343 </indexterm>
344 </listitem>
345 </varlistentry>
346
347 <varlistentry id="du">
348 <term><command>du</command></term>
349 <listitem>
350 <para>Reports the amount of disk space used by the current directory,
351 by each of the given directories (including all subdirectories) or by
352 each of the given files</para>
353 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils du">
354 <primary sortas="b-du">du</primary>
355 </indexterm>
356 </listitem>
357 </varlistentry>
358
359 <varlistentry id="echo">
360 <term><command>echo</command></term>
361 <listitem>
362 <para>Displays the given strings</para>
363 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils echo">
364 <primary sortas="b-echo">echo</primary>
365 </indexterm>
366 </listitem>
367 </varlistentry>
368
369 <varlistentry id="env">
370 <term><command>env</command></term>
371 <listitem>
372 <para>Runs a command in a modified environment</para>
373 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils env">
374 <primary sortas="b-env">env</primary>
375 </indexterm>
376 </listitem>
377 </varlistentry>
378
379 <varlistentry id="expand">
380 <term><command>expand</command></term>
381 <listitem>
382 <para>Converts tabs to spaces</para>
383 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils expand">
384 <primary sortas="b-expand">expand</primary>
385 </indexterm>
386 </listitem>
387 </varlistentry>
388
389 <varlistentry id="expr">
390 <term><command>expr</command></term>
391 <listitem>
392 <para>Evaluates expressions</para>
393 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils expr">
394 <primary sortas="b-expr">expr</primary>
395 </indexterm>
396 </listitem>
397 </varlistentry>
398
399 <varlistentry id="factor">
400 <term><command>factor</command></term>
401 <listitem>
402 <para>Prints the prime factors of all specified integer numbers</para>
403 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils factor">
404 <primary sortas="b-factor">factor</primary>
405 </indexterm>
406 </listitem>
407 </varlistentry>
408
409 <varlistentry id="false">
410 <term><command>false</command></term>
411 <listitem>
412 <para>Does nothing, unsuccessfully; it always exits with a status code
413 indicating failure</para>
414 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils false">
415 <primary sortas="b-false">false</primary>
416 </indexterm>
417 </listitem>
418 </varlistentry>
419
420 <varlistentry id="fmt">
421 <term><command>fmt</command></term>
422 <listitem>
423 <para>Reformats the paragraphs in the given files</para>
424 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils fmt">
425 <primary sortas="b-fmt">fmt</primary>
426 </indexterm>
427 </listitem>
428 </varlistentry>
429
430 <varlistentry id="fold">
431 <term><command>fold</command></term>
432 <listitem>
433 <para>Wraps the lines in the given files</para>
434 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils fold">
435 <primary sortas="b-fold">fold</primary>
436 </indexterm>
437 </listitem>
438 </varlistentry>
439
440 <varlistentry id="groups">
441 <term><command>groups</command></term>
442 <listitem>
443 <para>Reports a user's group memberships</para>
444 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils groups">
445 <primary sortas="b-groups">groups</primary>
446 </indexterm>
447 </listitem>
448 </varlistentry>
449
450 <varlistentry id="head">
451 <term><command>head</command></term>
452 <listitem>
453 <para>Prints the first ten lines (or the given number of lines)
454 of each given file</para>
455 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils head">
456 <primary sortas="b-head">head</primary>
457 </indexterm>
458 </listitem>
459 </varlistentry>
460
461 <varlistentry id="hostid">
462 <term><command>hostid</command></term>
463 <listitem>
464 <para>Reports the numeric identifier (in hexadecimal) of the host</para>
465 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils hostid">
466 <primary sortas="b-hostid">hostid</primary>
467 </indexterm>
468 </listitem>
469 </varlistentry>
470
471 <varlistentry id="hostname">
472 <term><command>hostname</command></term>
473 <listitem>
474 <para>Reports or sets the name of the host</para>
475 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils hostname">
476 <primary sortas="b-hostname">hostname</primary>
477 </indexterm>
478 </listitem>
479 </varlistentry>
480
481 <varlistentry id="id">
482 <term><command>id</command></term>
483 <listitem>
484 <para>Reports the effective user ID, group ID, and group memberships
485 of the current user or specified user</para>
486 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils id">
487 <primary sortas="b-id">id</primary>
488 </indexterm>
489 </listitem>
490 </varlistentry>
491
492 <varlistentry id="install">
493 <term><command>install</command> </term>
494 <listitem>
495 <para>Copies files while setting their permission modes and, if
496 possible, their owner and group</para>
497 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils install">
498 <primary sortas="b-install">install</primary>
499 </indexterm>
500 </listitem>
501 </varlistentry>
502
503 <varlistentry id="join">
504 <term><command>join</command></term>
505 <listitem>
506 <para>Joins the lines that have identical join fields from two
507 separate files</para>
508 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils join">
509 <primary sortas="b-join">join</primary>
510 </indexterm>
511 </listitem>
512 </varlistentry>
513
514 <varlistentry id="link">
515 <term><command>link</command></term>
516 <listitem>
517 <para>Creates a hard link with the given name to a file</para>
518 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils link">
519 <primary sortas="b-link">link</primary>
520 </indexterm>
521 </listitem>
522 </varlistentry>
523
524 <varlistentry id="ln">
525 <term><command>ln</command></term>
526 <listitem>
527 <para>Makes hard links or soft (symbolic) links between files</para>
528 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ln">
529 <primary sortas="b-ln">ln</primary>
530 </indexterm>
531 </listitem>
532 </varlistentry>
533
534 <varlistentry id="logname">
535 <term><command>logname</command></term>
536 <listitem>
537 <para>Reports the current user's login name</para>
538 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils logname">
539 <primary sortas="b-logname">logname</primary>
540 </indexterm>
541 </listitem>
542 </varlistentry>
543
544 <varlistentry id="ls">
545 <term><command>ls</command></term>
546 <listitem>
547 <para>Lists the contents of each given directory</para>
548 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ls">
549 <primary sortas="b-ls">ls</primary>
550 </indexterm>
551 </listitem>
552 </varlistentry>
553
554 <varlistentry id="md5sum">
555 <term><command>md5sum</command></term>
556 <listitem>
557 <para>Reports or checks Message Digest 5 (MD5) checksums</para>
558 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils md5sum">
559 <primary sortas="b-md5sum">md5sum</primary>
560 </indexterm>
561 </listitem>
562 </varlistentry>
563
564 <varlistentry id="mkdir">
565 <term><command>mkdir</command></term>
566 <listitem>
567 <para>Creates directories with the given names</para>
568 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mkdir">
569 <primary sortas="b-mkdir">mkdir</primary>
570 </indexterm>
571 </listitem>
572 </varlistentry>
573
574 <varlistentry id="mkfifo">
575 <term><command>mkfifo</command></term>
576 <listitem>
577 <para>Creates First-In, First-Outs (FIFOs), a <quote>named
578 pipe</quote> in UNIX parlance, with the given names</para>
579 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mkfifo">
580 <primary sortas="b-mkfifo">mkfifo</primary>
581 </indexterm>
582 </listitem>
583 </varlistentry>
584
585 <varlistentry id="mknod">
586 <term><command>mknod</command></term>
587 <listitem>
588 <para>Creates device nodes with the given names; a device node is a
589 character special file, a block special file, or a FIFO</para>
590 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mknod">
591 <primary sortas="b-mknod">mknod</primary>
592 </indexterm>
593 </listitem>
594 </varlistentry>
595
596 <varlistentry id="mv">
597 <term><command>mv</command></term>
598 <listitem>
599 <para>Moves or renames files or directories</para>
600 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mv">
601 <primary sortas="b-mv">mv</primary>
602 </indexterm>
603 </listitem>
604 </varlistentry>
605
606 <varlistentry id="nice">
607 <term><command>nice</command></term>
608 <listitem>
609 <para>Runs a program with modified scheduling priority</para>
610 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nice">
611 <primary sortas="b-nice">nice</primary>
612 </indexterm>
613 </listitem>
614 </varlistentry>
615
616 <varlistentry id="nl">
617 <term><command>nl</command></term>
618 <listitem>
619 <para>Numbers the lines from the given files</para>
620 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nl">
621 <primary sortas="b-nl">nl</primary>
622 </indexterm>
623 </listitem>
624 </varlistentry>
625
626 <varlistentry id="nohup">
627 <term><command>nohup</command></term>
628 <listitem>
629 <para>Runs a command immune to hangups, with its output redirected to
630 a log file</para>
631 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nohup">
632 <primary sortas="b-nohup">nohup</primary>
633 </indexterm>
634 </listitem>
635 </varlistentry>
636
637 <varlistentry id="od">
638 <term><command>od</command></term>
639 <listitem>
640 <para>Dumps files in octal and other formats</para>
641 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils od">
642 <primary sortas="b-od">od</primary>
643 </indexterm>
644 </listitem>
645 </varlistentry>
646
647 <varlistentry id="paste">
648 <term><command>paste</command></term>
649 <listitem>
650 <para>Merges the given files, joining sequentially corresponding lines
651 side by side, separated by tab characters</para>
652 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils paste">
653 <primary sortas="b-paste">paste</primary>
654 </indexterm>
655 </listitem>
656 </varlistentry>
657
658 <varlistentry id="pathchk">
659 <term><command>pathchk</command></term>
660 <listitem>
661 <para>Checks if file names are valid or portable</para>
662 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pathchk">
663 <primary sortas="b-pathchk">pathchk</primary>
664 </indexterm>
665 </listitem>
666 </varlistentry>
667
668 <varlistentry id="pinky">
669 <term><command>pinky</command></term>
670 <listitem>
671 <para>Is a lightweight finger client; it reports some information
672 about the given users</para>
673 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pinky">
674 <primary sortas="b-pinky">pinky</primary>
675 </indexterm>
676 </listitem>
677 </varlistentry>
678
679 <varlistentry id="pr">
680 <term><command>pr</command></term>
681 <listitem>
682 <para>Paginates and columnates files for printing</para>
683 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pr">
684 <primary sortas="b-pr">pr</primary>
685 </indexterm>
686 </listitem>
687 </varlistentry>
688
689 <varlistentry id="printenv">
690 <term><command>printenv</command></term>
691 <listitem>
692 <para>Prints the environment</para>
693 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils printenv">
694 <primary sortas="b-printenv">printenv</primary>
695 </indexterm>
696 </listitem>
697 </varlistentry>
698
699 <varlistentry id="printf">
700 <term><command>printf</command></term>
701 <listitem>
702 <para>Prints the given arguments according to the given format, much
703 like the C printf function</para>
704 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils printf">
705 <primary sortas="b-printf">printf</primary>
706 </indexterm>
707 </listitem>
708 </varlistentry>
709
710 <varlistentry id="ptx">
711 <term><command>ptx</command></term>
712 <listitem>
713 <para>Produces a permuted index from the contents of the given files,
714 with each keyword in its context</para>
715 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ptx">
716 <primary sortas="b-ptx">ptx</primary>
717 </indexterm>
718 </listitem>
719 </varlistentry>
720
721 <varlistentry id="pwd">
722 <term><command>pwd</command></term>
723 <listitem>
724 <para>Reports the name of the current working directory</para>
725 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pwd">
726 <primary sortas="b-pwd">pwd</primary>
727 </indexterm>
728 </listitem>
729 </varlistentry>
730
731 <varlistentry id="readlink">
732 <term><command>readlink</command></term>
733 <listitem>
734 <para>Reports the value of the given symbolic link</para>
735 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils readlink">
736 <primary sortas="b-readlink">readlink</primary>
737 </indexterm>
738 </listitem>
739 </varlistentry>
740
741 <varlistentry id="rm">
742 <term><command>rm</command></term>
743 <listitem>
744 <para>Removes files or directories</para>
745 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils rm">
746 <primary sortas="b-rm">rm</primary>
747 </indexterm>
748 </listitem>
749 </varlistentry>
750
751 <varlistentry id="rmdir">
752 <term><command>rmdir</command></term>
753 <listitem>
754 <para>Removes directories if they are empty</para>
755 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils rmdir">
756 <primary sortas="b-rmdir">rmdir</primary>
757 </indexterm>
758 </listitem>
759 </varlistentry>
760
761 <varlistentry id="seq">
762 <term><command>seq</command></term>
763 <listitem>
764 <para>Prints a sequence of numbers within a given range and with a
765 given increment</para>
766 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils seq">
767 <primary sortas="b-seq">seq</primary>
768 </indexterm>
769 </listitem>
770 </varlistentry>
771
772 <varlistentry id="sha1sum">
773 <term><command>sha1sum</command></term>
774 <listitem>
775 <para>Prints or checks 160-bit Secure Hash Algorithm 1 (SHA1)
776 checksums</para>
777 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha1sum">
778 <primary sortas="b-sha1sum">sha1sum</primary>
779 </indexterm>
780 </listitem>
781 </varlistentry>
782
783 <varlistentry id="shred">
784 <term><command>shred</command></term>
785 <listitem>
786 <para>Overwrites the given files repeatedly with complex patterns,
787 making it difficult to recover the data</para>
788 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils shred">
789 <primary sortas="b-shred">shred</primary>
790 </indexterm>
791 </listitem>
792 </varlistentry>
793
794 <varlistentry id="sleep">
795 <term><command>sleep</command></term>
796 <listitem>
797 <para>Pauses for the given amount of time</para>
798 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sleep">
799 <primary sortas="b-sleep">sleep</primary>
800 </indexterm>
801 </listitem>
802 </varlistentry>
803
804 <varlistentry id="sort">
805 <term><command>sort</command></term>
806 <listitem>
807 <para>Sorts the lines from the given files</para>
808 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sort">
809 <primary sortas="b-sort">sort</primary>
810 </indexterm>
811 </listitem>
812 </varlistentry>
813
814 <varlistentry id="split">
815 <term><command>split</command></term>
816 <listitem>
817 <para>Splits the given file into pieces, by size or by number of
818 lines</para>
819 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils split">
820 <primary sortas="b-split">split</primary>
821 </indexterm>
822 </listitem>
823 </varlistentry>
824
825 <varlistentry id="stat">
826 <term><command>stat</command></term>
827 <listitem>
828 <para>Displays file or filesystem status</para>
829 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils stat">
830 <primary sortas="b-stat">stat</primary>
831 </indexterm>
832 </listitem>
833 </varlistentry>
834
835 <varlistentry id="stty">
836 <term><command>stty</command></term>
837 <listitem>
838 <para>Sets or reports terminal line settings</para>
839 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils stty">
840 <primary sortas="b-stty">stty</primary>
841 </indexterm>
842 </listitem>
843 </varlistentry>
844
845 <varlistentry id="sum">
846 <term><command>sum</command></term>
847 <listitem>
848 <para>Prints checksum and block counts for each given file</para>
849 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sum">
850 <primary sortas="b-sum">sum</primary>
851 </indexterm>
852 </listitem>
853 </varlistentry>
854
855 <varlistentry id="sync">
856 <term><command>sync</command></term>
857 <listitem>
858 <para>Flushes file system buffers; it forces changed blocks to disk
859 and updates the super block</para>
860 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sync">
861 <primary sortas="b-sync">sync</primary>
862 </indexterm>
863 </listitem>
864 </varlistentry>
865
866 <varlistentry id="tac">
867 <term><command>tac</command></term>
868 <listitem>
869 <para>Concatenates the given files in reverse</para>
870 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tac">
871 <primary sortas="b-tac">tac</primary>
872 </indexterm>
873 </listitem>
874 </varlistentry>
875
876 <varlistentry id="tail">
877 <term><command>tail</command></term>
878 <listitem>
879 <para>Prints the last ten lines (or the given number of lines) of each
880 given file</para>
881 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tail">
882 <primary sortas="b-tail">tail</primary>
883 </indexterm>
884 </listitem>
885 </varlistentry>
886
887 <varlistentry id="tee">
888 <term><command>tee</command></term>
889 <listitem>
890 <para>Reads from standard input while writing both to standard output
891 and to the given files</para>
892 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tee">
893 <primary sortas="b-tee">tee</primary>
894 </indexterm>
895 </listitem>
896 </varlistentry>
897
898 <varlistentry id="test">
899 <term><command>test</command></term>
900 <listitem>
901 <para>Compares values and checks file types</para>
902 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils test">
903 <primary sortas="b-test">test</primary>
904 </indexterm>
905 </listitem>
906 </varlistentry>
907
908 <varlistentry id="touch">
909 <term><command>touch</command></term>
910 <listitem>
911 <para>Changes file timestamps, setting the access and modification
912 times of the given files to the current time; files that do not exist
913 are created with zero length</para>
914 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils touch">
915 <primary sortas="b-touch">touch</primary>
916 </indexterm>
917 </listitem>
918 </varlistentry>
919
920 <varlistentry id="tr">
921 <term><command>tr</command></term>
922 <listitem>
923 <para>Translates, squeezes, and deletes the given characters from
924 standard input</para>
925 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tr">
926 <primary sortas="b-tr">tr</primary>
927 </indexterm>
928 </listitem>
929 </varlistentry>
930
931 <varlistentry id="true">
932 <term><command>true</command></term>
933 <listitem>
934 <para>Does nothing, successfully; it always exits with a status code
935 indicating success</para>
936 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils true">
937 <primary sortas="b-true">true</primary>
938 </indexterm>
939 </listitem>
940 </varlistentry>
941
942 <varlistentry id="tsort">
943 <term><command>tsort</command></term>
944 <listitem>
945 <para>Performs a topological sort; it writes a completely ordered list
946 according to the partial ordering in a given file</para>
947 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tsort">
948 <primary sortas="b-tsort">tsort</primary>
949 </indexterm>
950 </listitem>
951 </varlistentry>
952
953 <varlistentry id="tty">
954 <term><command>tty</command></term>
955 <listitem>
956 <para>Reports the file name of the terminal connected to standard
957 input</para>
958 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tty">
959 <primary sortas="b-tty">tty</primary>
960 </indexterm>
961 </listitem>
962 </varlistentry>
963
964 <varlistentry id="uname">
965 <term><command>uname</command></term>
966 <listitem>
967 <para>Reports system information</para>
968 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils uname">
969 <primary sortas="b-uname">uname</primary>
970 </indexterm>
971 </listitem>
972 </varlistentry>
973
974 <varlistentry id="unexpand">
975 <term><command>unexpand</command></term>
976 <listitem>
977 <para>Converts spaces to tabs</para>
978 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils unexpand">
979 <primary sortas="b-unexpand">unexpand</primary>
980 </indexterm>
981 </listitem>
982 </varlistentry>
983
984 <varlistentry id="uniq">
985 <term><command>uniq</command></term>
986 <listitem>
987 <para>Discards all but one of successive identical lines</para>
988 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils uniq">
989 <primary sortas="b-uniq">uniq</primary>
990 </indexterm>
991 </listitem>
992 </varlistentry>
993
994 <varlistentry id="unlink">
995 <term><command>unlink</command></term>
996 <listitem>
997 <para>Removes the given file</para>
998 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils unlink">
999 <primary sortas="b-unlink">unlink</primary>
1000 </indexterm>
1001 </listitem>
1002 </varlistentry>
1003
1004 <varlistentry id="users">
1005 <term><command>users</command></term>
1006 <listitem>
1007 <para>Reports the names of the users currently logged on</para>
1008 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils users">
1009 <primary sortas="b-users">users</primary>
1010 </indexterm>
1011 </listitem>
1012 </varlistentry>
1013
1014 <varlistentry id="vdir">
1015 <term><command>vdir</command></term>
1016 <listitem>
1017 <para>Is the same as <command>ls -l</command></para>
1018 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils vdir">
1019 <primary sortas="b-vdir">vdir</primary>
1020 </indexterm>
1021 </listitem>
1022 </varlistentry>
1023
1024 <varlistentry id="wc">
1025 <term><command>wc</command></term>
1026 <listitem>
1027 <para>Reports the number of lines, words, and bytes for each given
1028 file, as well as a total line when more than one file is given</para>
1029 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils wc">
1030 <primary sortas="b-wc">wc</primary>
1031 </indexterm>
1032 </listitem>
1033 </varlistentry>
1034
1035 <varlistentry id="who">
1036 <term><command>who</command></term>
1037 <listitem>
1038 <para>Reports who is logged on</para>
1039 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils who">
1040 <primary sortas="b-who">who</primary>
1041 </indexterm>
1042 </listitem>
1043 </varlistentry>
1044
1045 <varlistentry id="whoami">
1046 <term><command>whoami</command></term>
1047 <listitem>
1048 <para>Reports the user name associated with the current effective
1049 user ID</para>
1050 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils whoami">
1051 <primary sortas="b-whoami">whoami</primary>
1052 </indexterm>
1053 </listitem>
1054 </varlistentry>
1055
1056 <varlistentry id="yes">
1057 <term><command>yes</command></term>
1058 <listitem>
1059 <para>Repeatedly outputs <quote>y</quote> or a given string until
1060 killed</para>
1061 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils yes">
1062 <primary sortas="b-yes">yes</primary>
1063 </indexterm>
1064 </listitem>
1065 </varlistentry>
1066
1067 </variablelist>
1068
1069 </sect2>
1070
1071</sect1>
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