source: chapter06/coreutils.xml@ dd03426

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Finished the PDF fixes.

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-coreutils" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="coreutils.html"?>
10
11 <title>Coreutils-&coreutils-version;</title>
12
13 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils">
14 <primary sortas="a-Coreutils">Coreutils</primary>
15 </indexterm>
16
17 <sect2 role="package">
18 <title/>
19
20 <para>The Coreutils package contains utilities for showing and setting the
21 basic system characteristics.</para>
22
23 <segmentedlist>
24 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
25 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
26
27 <seglistitem>
28 <seg>&coreutils-ch6-sbu;</seg>
29 <seg>&coreutils-ch6-du;</seg>
30 </seglistitem>
31 </segmentedlist>
32
33 </sect2>
34
35 <sect2 role="installation">
36 <title>Installation of Coreutils</title>
37
38 <para>A known issue with the <command>uname</command> program from
39 this package is that the <parameter>-p</parameter> switch always
40 returns <computeroutput>unknown</computeroutput>. The following patch
41 fixes this behavior for Intel architectures:</para>
42
43<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&coreutils-uname-patch;</userinput></screen>
44
45 <para>Prevent Coreutils from installing binaries that will be installed by
46 other packages later:</para>
47
48<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&coreutils-suppress-patch;</userinput></screen>
49
50 <para>POSIX requires that programs from Coreutils recognize character
51 boundaries correctly even in multibyte locales. The following patch
52 fixes this non-compliance and other internationalization-related bugs:</para>
53
54<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&coreutils-i18n-patch;</userinput></screen>
55
56 <para>In order for the tests added by this patch to pass, the permissions for
57 the test file have to be changed:</para>
58
59<screen><userinput>chmod +x tests/sort/sort-mb-tests</userinput></screen>
60
61 <note>
62 <para>In the past, many bugs were found in this patch. When reporting new
63 bugs to Coreutils maintainers, please check first if they are reproducible
64 without this patch.</para>
65 </note>
66
67 <para>It has been found that translated messages sometimes overflow a buffer
68 in the <command>who -Hu</command> command. Increase the buffer size:</para>
69
70<screen><userinput>sed -i 's/_LEN 6/_LEN 20/' src/who.c</userinput></screen>
71
72 <para>Now prepare Coreutils for compilation:</para>
73
74<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr</userinput></screen>
75
76 <para>Compile the package:</para>
77
78<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
79
80 <para>The test suite of Coreutils makes several assumptions about the
81 presence of system users and groups that are not valid within the minimal
82 environment that exists at the moment. Therefore, additional items need
83 to be set up before running the tests. Skip down to <quote>Install the
84 package</quote> if not running the test suite.</para>
85
86 <beginpage/>
87
88 <para>Create two dummy groups and a dummy user:</para>
89
90<screen><userinput>echo "dummy1:x:1000:" &gt;&gt; /etc/group
91echo "dummy2:x:1001:dummy" &gt;&gt; /etc/group
92echo "dummy:x:1000:1000::/root:/bin/bash" &gt;&gt; /etc/passwd</userinput></screen>
93
94 <para>Now the test suite is ready to be run. First, run the tests that are
95 meant to be run as user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>:</para>
96
97<screen><userinput>make NON_ROOT_USERNAME=dummy check-root</userinput></screen>
98
99 <para>Then run the remainder of the tests as the
100 <systemitem class="username">dummy</systemitem> user:</para>
101
102<screen><userinput>src/su dummy -c "make RUN_EXPENSIVE_TESTS=yes check"</userinput></screen>
103
104 <para>When testing is complete, remove the dummy user and groups:</para>
105
106<screen><userinput>sed -i '/dummy/d' /etc/passwd /etc/group</userinput></screen>
107
108 <para>Install the package:</para>
109
110<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
111
112 <para>Move programs to the locations specified by the FHS:</para>
113
114<screen><userinput>mv -v /usr/bin/{cat,chgrp,chmod,chown,cp,date,dd,df,echo} /bin
115mv -v /usr/bin/{false,hostname,ln,ls,mkdir,mknod,mv,pwd,rm} /bin
116mv -v /usr/bin/{rmdir,stty,sync,true,uname} /bin
117mv -v /usr/bin/chroot /usr/sbin</userinput></screen>
118
119 <para>Some of the scripts in the LFS-Bootscripts package depend on
120 <command>head</command>, <command>sleep</command>, and
121 <command>nice</command>. As <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
122 may not be available during the early stages of booting, those binaries
123 need to be on the root partition:</para>
124
125<screen><userinput>mv -v /usr/bin/{head,sleep,nice} /bin</userinput></screen>
126
127 </sect2>
128
129
130 <sect2 id="contents-coreutils" role="content">
131 <title>Contents of Coreutils</title>
132
133 <segmentedlist>
134 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
135
136 <seglistitem>
137 <seg>basename, cat, chgrp, chmod, chown, chroot, cksum, comm, cp,
138 csplit, cut, date, dd, df, dir, dircolors, dirname, du, echo, env,
139 expand, expr, factor, false, fmt, fold, groups, head, hostid,
140 hostname, id, install, join, link, ln, logname, ls, md5sum, mkdir,
141 mkfifo, mknod, mv, nice, nl, nohup, od, paste, pathchk, pinky, pr,
142 printenv, printf, ptx, pwd, readlink, rm, rmdir, seq, sha1sum, shred,
143 sleep, sort, split, stat, stty, sum, sync, tac, tail, tee, test,
144 touch, tr, true, tsort, tty, uname, unexpand, uniq, unlink, users,
145 vdir, wc, who, whoami, and yes</seg>
146 </seglistitem>
147 </segmentedlist>
148
149 <variablelist>
150 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
151 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
152 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
153
154 <varlistentry id="basename">
155 <term><command>basename</command></term>
156 <listitem>
157 <para>Strips any path and a given suffix from a file name</para>
158 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils basename">
159 <primary sortas="b-basename">basename</primary>
160 </indexterm>
161 </listitem>
162 </varlistentry>
163
164 <varlistentry id="cat">
165 <term><command>cat</command></term>
166 <listitem>
167 <para>Concatenates files to standard output</para>
168 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cat">
169 <primary sortas="b-cat">cat</primary>
170 </indexterm>
171 </listitem>
172 </varlistentry>
173
174 <varlistentry id="chgrp">
175 <term><command>chgrp</command></term>
176 <listitem>
177 <para>Changes the group ownership of files and directories</para>
178 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chgrp">
179 <primary sortas="b-chgrp">chgrp</primary>
180 </indexterm>
181 </listitem>
182 </varlistentry>
183
184 <varlistentry id="chmod">
185 <term><command>chmod</command></term>
186 <listitem>
187 <para>Changes the permissions of each file to the given mode; the mode
188 can be either a symbolic representation of the changes to make or an
189 octal number representing the new permissions</para>
190 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chmod">
191 <primary sortas="b-chmod">chmod</primary>
192 </indexterm>
193 </listitem>
194 </varlistentry>
195
196 <varlistentry id="chown">
197 <term><command>chown</command></term>
198 <listitem>
199 <para>Changes the user and/or group ownership of files and
200 directories</para>
201 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chown">
202 <primary sortas="b-chown">chown</primary>
203 </indexterm>
204 </listitem>
205 </varlistentry>
206
207 <varlistentry id="chroot">
208 <term><command>chroot</command></term>
209 <listitem>
210 <para>Runs a command with the specified directory as the
211 <filename class="directory">/</filename> directory</para>
212 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chroot">
213 <primary sortas="b-chroot">chroot</primary>
214 </indexterm>
215 </listitem>
216 </varlistentry>
217
218 <varlistentry id="cksum">
219 <term><command>cksum</command></term>
220 <listitem>
221 <para>Prints the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) checksum and the byte
222 counts of each specified file</para>
223 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cksum">
224 <primary sortas="b-cksum">cksum</primary>
225 </indexterm>
226 </listitem>
227 </varlistentry>
228
229 <varlistentry id="comm">
230 <term><command>comm</command></term>
231 <listitem>
232 <para>Compares two sorted files, outputting in three columns the lines
233 that are unique and the lines that are common</para>
234 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils comm">
235 <primary sortas="b-comm">comm</primary>
236 </indexterm>
237 </listitem>
238 </varlistentry>
239
240 <varlistentry id="cp">
241 <term><command>cp</command></term>
242 <listitem>
243 <para>Copies files</para>
244 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cp">
245 <primary sortas="b-cp">cp</primary>
246 </indexterm>
247 </listitem>
248 </varlistentry>
249
250 <varlistentry id="csplit">
251 <term><command>csplit</command></term>
252 <listitem>
253 <para>Splits a given file into several new files, separating them
254 according to given patterns or line numbers and outputting the byte
255 count of each new file</para>
256 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils csplit">
257 <primary sortas="b-csplit">csplit</primary>
258 </indexterm>
259 </listitem>
260 </varlistentry>
261
262 <varlistentry id="cut">
263 <term><command>cut</command></term>
264 <listitem>
265 <para>Prints sections of lines, selecting the parts according to given
266 fields or positions</para>
267 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cut">
268 <primary sortas="b-cut">cut</primary>
269 </indexterm>
270 </listitem>
271 </varlistentry>
272
273 <varlistentry id="date">
274 <term><command>date</command></term>
275 <listitem>
276 <para>Displays the current time in the given format, or sets the
277 system date</para>
278 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils date">
279 <primary sortas="b-date">date</primary>
280 </indexterm>
281 </listitem>
282 </varlistentry>
283
284 <varlistentry id="dd">
285 <term><command>dd</command> </term>
286 <listitem>
287 <para>Copies a file using the given block size and count, while
288 optionally performing conversions on it</para>
289 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dd">
290 <primary sortas="b-dd">dd</primary>
291 </indexterm>
292 </listitem>
293 </varlistentry>
294
295 <varlistentry id="df">
296 <term><command>df</command></term>
297 <listitem>
298 <para>Reports the amount of disk space available (and used) on all
299 mounted file systems, or only on the file systems holding the selected
300 files</para>
301 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils df">
302 <primary sortas="b-df">df</primary>
303 </indexterm>
304 </listitem>
305 </varlistentry>
306
307 <varlistentry id="dir">
308 <term><command>dir</command></term>
309 <listitem>
310 <para>Lists the contents of each given directory (the same as
311 the <command>ls</command> command)</para>
312 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dir">
313 <primary sortas="b-dir">dir</primary>
314 </indexterm>
315 </listitem>
316 </varlistentry>
317
318 <varlistentry id="dircolors">
319 <term><command>dircolors</command></term>
320 <listitem>
321 <para>Outputs commands to set the <envar>LS_COLOR</envar>
322 environment variable to change the color scheme used by
323 <command>ls</command></para>
324 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dircolors">
325 <primary sortas="b-dircolors">dircolors</primary>
326 </indexterm>
327 </listitem>
328 </varlistentry>
329
330 <varlistentry id="dirname">
331 <term><command>dirname</command></term>
332 <listitem>
333 <para>Strips the non-directory suffix from a file name</para>
334 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dirname">
335 <primary sortas="b-dirname">dirname</primary>
336 </indexterm>
337 </listitem>
338 </varlistentry>
339
340 <varlistentry id="du">
341 <term><command>du</command></term>
342 <listitem>
343 <para>Reports the amount of disk space used by the current directory,
344 by each of the given directories (including all subdirectories) or by
345 each of the given files</para>
346 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils du">
347 <primary sortas="b-du">du</primary>
348 </indexterm>
349 </listitem>
350 </varlistentry>
351
352 <varlistentry id="echo">
353 <term><command>echo</command></term>
354 <listitem>
355 <para>Displays the given strings</para>
356 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils echo">
357 <primary sortas="b-echo">echo</primary>
358 </indexterm>
359 </listitem>
360 </varlistentry>
361
362 <varlistentry id="env">
363 <term><command>env</command></term>
364 <listitem>
365 <para>Runs a command in a modified environment</para>
366 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils env">
367 <primary sortas="b-env">env</primary>
368 </indexterm>
369 </listitem>
370 </varlistentry>
371
372 <varlistentry id="expand">
373 <term><command>expand</command></term>
374 <listitem>
375 <para>Converts tabs to spaces</para>
376 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils expand">
377 <primary sortas="b-expand">expand</primary>
378 </indexterm>
379 </listitem>
380 </varlistentry>
381
382 <varlistentry id="expr">
383 <term><command>expr</command></term>
384 <listitem>
385 <para>Evaluates expressions</para>
386 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils expr">
387 <primary sortas="b-expr">expr</primary>
388 </indexterm>
389 </listitem>
390 </varlistentry>
391
392 <varlistentry id="factor">
393 <term><command>factor</command></term>
394 <listitem>
395 <para>Prints the prime factors of all specified integer numbers</para>
396 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils factor">
397 <primary sortas="b-factor">factor</primary>
398 </indexterm>
399 </listitem>
400 </varlistentry>
401
402 <varlistentry id="false">
403 <term><command>false</command></term>
404 <listitem>
405 <para>Does nothing, unsuccessfully; it always exits with a status code
406 indicating failure</para>
407 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils false">
408 <primary sortas="b-false">false</primary>
409 </indexterm>
410 </listitem>
411 </varlistentry>
412
413 <varlistentry id="fmt">
414 <term><command>fmt</command></term>
415 <listitem>
416 <para>Reformats the paragraphs in the given files</para>
417 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils fmt">
418 <primary sortas="b-fmt">fmt</primary>
419 </indexterm>
420 </listitem>
421 </varlistentry>
422
423 <varlistentry id="fold">
424 <term><command>fold</command></term>
425 <listitem>
426 <para>Wraps the lines in the given files</para>
427 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils fold">
428 <primary sortas="b-fold">fold</primary>
429 </indexterm>
430 </listitem>
431 </varlistentry>
432
433 <varlistentry id="groups">
434 <term><command>groups</command></term>
435 <listitem>
436 <para>Reports a user's group memberships</para>
437 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils groups">
438 <primary sortas="b-groups">groups</primary>
439 </indexterm>
440 </listitem>
441 </varlistentry>
442
443 <varlistentry id="head">
444 <term><command>head</command></term>
445 <listitem>
446 <para>Prints the first ten lines (or the given number of lines)
447 of each given file</para>
448 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils head">
449 <primary sortas="b-head">head</primary>
450 </indexterm>
451 </listitem>
452 </varlistentry>
453
454 <varlistentry id="hostid">
455 <term><command>hostid</command></term>
456 <listitem>
457 <para>Reports the numeric identifier (in hexadecimal) of the host</para>
458 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils hostid">
459 <primary sortas="b-hostid">hostid</primary>
460 </indexterm>
461 </listitem>
462 </varlistentry>
463
464 <varlistentry id="hostname">
465 <term><command>hostname</command></term>
466 <listitem>
467 <para>Reports or sets the name of the host</para>
468 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils hostname">
469 <primary sortas="b-hostname">hostname</primary>
470 </indexterm>
471 </listitem>
472 </varlistentry>
473
474 <varlistentry id="id">
475 <term><command>id</command></term>
476 <listitem>
477 <para>Reports the effective user ID, group ID, and group memberships
478 of the current user or specified user</para>
479 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils id">
480 <primary sortas="b-id">id</primary>
481 </indexterm>
482 </listitem>
483 </varlistentry>
484
485 <varlistentry id="install">
486 <term><command>install</command> </term>
487 <listitem>
488 <para>Copies files while setting their permission modes and, if
489 possible, their owner and group</para>
490 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils install">
491 <primary sortas="b-install">install</primary>
492 </indexterm>
493 </listitem>
494 </varlistentry>
495
496 <varlistentry id="join">
497 <term><command>join</command></term>
498 <listitem>
499 <para>Joins the lines that have identical join fields from two
500 separate files</para>
501 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils join">
502 <primary sortas="b-join">join</primary>
503 </indexterm>
504 </listitem>
505 </varlistentry>
506
507 <varlistentry id="link">
508 <term><command>link</command></term>
509 <listitem>
510 <para>Creates a hard link with the given name to a file</para>
511 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils link">
512 <primary sortas="b-link">link</primary>
513 </indexterm>
514 </listitem>
515 </varlistentry>
516
517 <varlistentry id="ln">
518 <term><command>ln</command></term>
519 <listitem>
520 <para>Makes hard links or soft (symbolic) links between files</para>
521 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ln">
522 <primary sortas="b-ln">ln</primary>
523 </indexterm>
524 </listitem>
525 </varlistentry>
526
527 <varlistentry id="logname">
528 <term><command>logname</command></term>
529 <listitem>
530 <para>Reports the current user's login name</para>
531 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils logname">
532 <primary sortas="b-logname">logname</primary>
533 </indexterm>
534 </listitem>
535 </varlistentry>
536
537 <varlistentry id="ls">
538 <term><command>ls</command></term>
539 <listitem>
540 <para>Lists the contents of each given directory</para>
541 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ls">
542 <primary sortas="b-ls">ls</primary>
543 </indexterm>
544 </listitem>
545 </varlistentry>
546
547 <varlistentry id="md5sum">
548 <term><command>md5sum</command></term>
549 <listitem>
550 <para>Reports or checks Message Digest 5 (MD5) checksums</para>
551 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils md5sum">
552 <primary sortas="b-md5sum">md5sum</primary>
553 </indexterm>
554 </listitem>
555 </varlistentry>
556
557 <varlistentry id="mkdir">
558 <term><command>mkdir</command></term>
559 <listitem>
560 <para>Creates directories with the given names</para>
561 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mkdir">
562 <primary sortas="b-mkdir">mkdir</primary>
563 </indexterm>
564 </listitem>
565 </varlistentry>
566
567 <varlistentry id="mkfifo">
568 <term><command>mkfifo</command></term>
569 <listitem>
570 <para>Creates First-In, First-Outs (FIFOs), a <quote>named
571 pipe</quote> in UNIX parlance, with the given names</para>
572 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mkfifo">
573 <primary sortas="b-mkfifo">mkfifo</primary>
574 </indexterm>
575 </listitem>
576 </varlistentry>
577
578 <varlistentry id="mknod">
579 <term><command>mknod</command></term>
580 <listitem>
581 <para>Creates device nodes with the given names; a device node is a
582 character special file, a block special file, or a FIFO</para>
583 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mknod">
584 <primary sortas="b-mknod">mknod</primary>
585 </indexterm>
586 </listitem>
587 </varlistentry>
588
589 <varlistentry id="mv">
590 <term><command>mv</command></term>
591 <listitem>
592 <para>Moves or renames files or directories</para>
593 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mv">
594 <primary sortas="b-mv">mv</primary>
595 </indexterm>
596 </listitem>
597 </varlistentry>
598
599 <varlistentry id="nice">
600 <term><command>nice</command></term>
601 <listitem>
602 <para>Runs a program with modified scheduling priority</para>
603 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nice">
604 <primary sortas="b-nice">nice</primary>
605 </indexterm>
606 </listitem>
607 </varlistentry>
608
609 <varlistentry id="nl">
610 <term><command>nl</command></term>
611 <listitem>
612 <para>Numbers the lines from the given files</para>
613 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nl">
614 <primary sortas="b-nl">nl</primary>
615 </indexterm>
616 </listitem>
617 </varlistentry>
618
619 <varlistentry id="nohup">
620 <term><command>nohup</command></term>
621 <listitem>
622 <para>Runs a command immune to hangups, with its output redirected to
623 a log file</para>
624 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nohup">
625 <primary sortas="b-nohup">nohup</primary>
626 </indexterm>
627 </listitem>
628 </varlistentry>
629
630 <varlistentry id="od">
631 <term><command>od</command></term>
632 <listitem>
633 <para>Dumps files in octal and other formats</para>
634 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils od">
635 <primary sortas="b-od">od</primary>
636 </indexterm>
637 </listitem>
638 </varlistentry>
639
640 <varlistentry id="paste">
641 <term><command>paste</command></term>
642 <listitem>
643 <para>Merges the given files, joining sequentially corresponding lines
644 side by side, separated by tab characters</para>
645 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils paste">
646 <primary sortas="b-paste">paste</primary>
647 </indexterm>
648 </listitem>
649 </varlistentry>
650
651 <varlistentry id="pathchk">
652 <term><command>pathchk</command></term>
653 <listitem>
654 <para>Checks if file names are valid or portable</para>
655 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pathchk">
656 <primary sortas="b-pathchk">pathchk</primary>
657 </indexterm>
658 </listitem>
659 </varlistentry>
660
661 <varlistentry id="pinky">
662 <term><command>pinky</command></term>
663 <listitem>
664 <para>Is a lightweight finger client; it reports some information
665 about the given users</para>
666 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pinky">
667 <primary sortas="b-pinky">pinky</primary>
668 </indexterm>
669 </listitem>
670 </varlistentry>
671
672 <varlistentry id="pr">
673 <term><command>pr</command></term>
674 <listitem>
675 <para>Paginates and columnates files for printing</para>
676 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pr">
677 <primary sortas="b-pr">pr</primary>
678 </indexterm>
679 </listitem>
680 </varlistentry>
681
682 <varlistentry id="printenv">
683 <term><command>printenv</command></term>
684 <listitem>
685 <para>Prints the environment</para>
686 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils printenv">
687 <primary sortas="b-printenv">printenv</primary>
688 </indexterm>
689 </listitem>
690 </varlistentry>
691
692 <varlistentry id="printf">
693 <term><command>printf</command></term>
694 <listitem>
695 <para>Prints the given arguments according to the given format, much
696 like the C printf function</para>
697 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils printf">
698 <primary sortas="b-printf">printf</primary>
699 </indexterm>
700 </listitem>
701 </varlistentry>
702
703 <varlistentry id="ptx">
704 <term><command>ptx</command></term>
705 <listitem>
706 <para>Produces a permuted index from the contents of the given files,
707 with each keyword in its context</para>
708 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ptx">
709 <primary sortas="b-ptx">ptx</primary>
710 </indexterm>
711 </listitem>
712 </varlistentry>
713
714 <varlistentry id="pwd">
715 <term><command>pwd</command></term>
716 <listitem>
717 <para>Reports the name of the current working directory</para>
718 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pwd">
719 <primary sortas="b-pwd">pwd</primary>
720 </indexterm>
721 </listitem>
722 </varlistentry>
723
724 <varlistentry id="readlink">
725 <term><command>readlink</command></term>
726 <listitem>
727 <para>Reports the value of the given symbolic link</para>
728 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils readlink">
729 <primary sortas="b-readlink">readlink</primary>
730 </indexterm>
731 </listitem>
732 </varlistentry>
733
734 <varlistentry id="rm">
735 <term><command>rm</command></term>
736 <listitem>
737 <para>Removes files or directories</para>
738 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils rm">
739 <primary sortas="b-rm">rm</primary>
740 </indexterm>
741 </listitem>
742 </varlistentry>
743
744 <varlistentry id="rmdir">
745 <term><command>rmdir</command></term>
746 <listitem>
747 <para>Removes directories if they are empty</para>
748 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils rmdir">
749 <primary sortas="b-rmdir">rmdir</primary>
750 </indexterm>
751 </listitem>
752 </varlistentry>
753
754 <varlistentry id="seq">
755 <term><command>seq</command></term>
756 <listitem>
757 <para>Prints a sequence of numbers within a given range and with a
758 given increment</para>
759 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils seq">
760 <primary sortas="b-seq">seq</primary>
761 </indexterm>
762 </listitem>
763 </varlistentry>
764
765 <varlistentry id="sha1sum">
766 <term><command>sha1sum</command></term>
767 <listitem>
768 <para>Prints or checks 160-bit Secure Hash Algorithm 1 (SHA1)
769 checksums</para>
770 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha1sum">
771 <primary sortas="b-sha1sum">sha1sum</primary>
772 </indexterm>
773 </listitem>
774 </varlistentry>
775
776 <varlistentry id="shred">
777 <term><command>shred</command></term>
778 <listitem>
779 <para>Overwrites the given files repeatedly with complex patterns,
780 making it difficult to recover the data</para>
781 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils shred">
782 <primary sortas="b-shred">shred</primary>
783 </indexterm>
784 </listitem>
785 </varlistentry>
786
787 <varlistentry id="sleep">
788 <term><command>sleep</command></term>
789 <listitem>
790 <para>Pauses for the given amount of time</para>
791 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sleep">
792 <primary sortas="b-sleep">sleep</primary>
793 </indexterm>
794 </listitem>
795 </varlistentry>
796
797 <varlistentry id="sort">
798 <term><command>sort</command></term>
799 <listitem>
800 <para>Sorts the lines from the given files</para>
801 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sort">
802 <primary sortas="b-sort">sort</primary>
803 </indexterm>
804 </listitem>
805 </varlistentry>
806
807 <varlistentry id="split">
808 <term><command>split</command></term>
809 <listitem>
810 <para>Splits the given file into pieces, by size or by number of
811 lines</para>
812 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils split">
813 <primary sortas="b-split">split</primary>
814 </indexterm>
815 </listitem>
816 </varlistentry>
817
818 <varlistentry id="stat">
819 <term><command>stat</command></term>
820 <listitem>
821 <para>Displays file or filesystem status</para>
822 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils stat">
823 <primary sortas="b-stat">stat</primary>
824 </indexterm>
825 </listitem>
826 </varlistentry>
827
828 <varlistentry id="stty">
829 <term><command>stty</command></term>
830 <listitem>
831 <para>Sets or reports terminal line settings</para>
832 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils stty">
833 <primary sortas="b-stty">stty</primary>
834 </indexterm>
835 </listitem>
836 </varlistentry>
837
838 <varlistentry id="sum">
839 <term><command>sum</command></term>
840 <listitem>
841 <para>Prints checksum and block counts for each given file</para>
842 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sum">
843 <primary sortas="b-sum">sum</primary>
844 </indexterm>
845 </listitem>
846 </varlistentry>
847
848 <varlistentry id="sync">
849 <term><command>sync</command></term>
850 <listitem>
851 <para>Flushes file system buffers; it forces changed blocks to disk
852 and updates the super block</para>
853 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sync">
854 <primary sortas="b-sync">sync</primary>
855 </indexterm>
856 </listitem>
857 </varlistentry>
858
859 <varlistentry id="tac">
860 <term><command>tac</command></term>
861 <listitem>
862 <para>Concatenates the given files in reverse</para>
863 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tac">
864 <primary sortas="b-tac">tac</primary>
865 </indexterm>
866 </listitem>
867 </varlistentry>
868
869 <varlistentry id="tail">
870 <term><command>tail</command></term>
871 <listitem>
872 <para>Prints the last ten lines (or the given number of lines) of each
873 given file</para>
874 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tail">
875 <primary sortas="b-tail">tail</primary>
876 </indexterm>
877 </listitem>
878 </varlistentry>
879
880 <varlistentry id="tee">
881 <term><command>tee</command></term>
882 <listitem>
883 <para>Reads from standard input while writing both to standard output
884 and to the given files</para>
885 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tee">
886 <primary sortas="b-tee">tee</primary>
887 </indexterm>
888 </listitem>
889 </varlistentry>
890
891 <varlistentry id="test">
892 <term><command>test</command></term>
893 <listitem>
894 <para>Compares values and checks file types</para>
895 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils test">
896 <primary sortas="b-test">test</primary>
897 </indexterm>
898 </listitem>
899 </varlistentry>
900
901 <varlistentry id="touch">
902 <term><command>touch</command></term>
903 <listitem>
904 <para>Changes file timestamps, setting the access and modification
905 times of the given files to the current time; files that do not exist
906 are created with zero length</para>
907 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils touch">
908 <primary sortas="b-touch">touch</primary>
909 </indexterm>
910 </listitem>
911 </varlistentry>
912
913 <varlistentry id="tr">
914 <term><command>tr</command></term>
915 <listitem>
916 <para>Translates, squeezes, and deletes the given characters from
917 standard input</para>
918 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tr">
919 <primary sortas="b-tr">tr</primary>
920 </indexterm>
921 </listitem>
922 </varlistentry>
923
924 <varlistentry id="true">
925 <term><command>true</command></term>
926 <listitem>
927 <para>Does nothing, successfully; it always exits with a status code
928 indicating success</para>
929 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils true">
930 <primary sortas="b-true">true</primary>
931 </indexterm>
932 </listitem>
933 </varlistentry>
934
935 <varlistentry id="tsort">
936 <term><command>tsort</command></term>
937 <listitem>
938 <para>Performs a topological sort; it writes a completely ordered list
939 according to the partial ordering in a given file</para>
940 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tsort">
941 <primary sortas="b-tsort">tsort</primary>
942 </indexterm>
943 </listitem>
944 </varlistentry>
945
946 <varlistentry id="tty">
947 <term><command>tty</command></term>
948 <listitem>
949 <para>Reports the file name of the terminal connected to standard
950 input</para>
951 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tty">
952 <primary sortas="b-tty">tty</primary>
953 </indexterm>
954 </listitem>
955 </varlistentry>
956
957 <varlistentry id="uname">
958 <term><command>uname</command></term>
959 <listitem>
960 <para>Reports system information</para>
961 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils uname">
962 <primary sortas="b-uname">uname</primary>
963 </indexterm>
964 </listitem>
965 </varlistentry>
966
967 <varlistentry id="unexpand">
968 <term><command>unexpand</command></term>
969 <listitem>
970 <para>Converts spaces to tabs</para>
971 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils unexpand">
972 <primary sortas="b-unexpand">unexpand</primary>
973 </indexterm>
974 </listitem>
975 </varlistentry>
976
977 <varlistentry id="uniq">
978 <term><command>uniq</command></term>
979 <listitem>
980 <para>Discards all but one of successive identical lines</para>
981 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils uniq">
982 <primary sortas="b-uniq">uniq</primary>
983 </indexterm>
984 </listitem>
985 </varlistentry>
986
987 <varlistentry id="unlink">
988 <term><command>unlink</command></term>
989 <listitem>
990 <para>Removes the given file</para>
991 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils unlink">
992 <primary sortas="b-unlink">unlink</primary>
993 </indexterm>
994 </listitem>
995 </varlistentry>
996
997 <varlistentry id="users">
998 <term><command>users</command></term>
999 <listitem>
1000 <para>Reports the names of the users currently logged on</para>
1001 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils users">
1002 <primary sortas="b-users">users</primary>
1003 </indexterm>
1004 </listitem>
1005 </varlistentry>
1006
1007 <varlistentry id="vdir">
1008 <term><command>vdir</command></term>
1009 <listitem>
1010 <para>Is the same as <command>ls -l</command></para>
1011 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils vdir">
1012 <primary sortas="b-vdir">vdir</primary>
1013 </indexterm>
1014 </listitem>
1015 </varlistentry>
1016
1017 <varlistentry id="wc">
1018 <term><command>wc</command></term>
1019 <listitem>
1020 <para>Reports the number of lines, words, and bytes for each given
1021 file, as well as a total line when more than one file is given</para>
1022 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils wc">
1023 <primary sortas="b-wc">wc</primary>
1024 </indexterm>
1025 </listitem>
1026 </varlistentry>
1027
1028 <varlistentry id="who">
1029 <term><command>who</command></term>
1030 <listitem>
1031 <para>Reports who is logged on</para>
1032 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils who">
1033 <primary sortas="b-who">who</primary>
1034 </indexterm>
1035 </listitem>
1036 </varlistentry>
1037
1038 <varlistentry id="whoami">
1039 <term><command>whoami</command></term>
1040 <listitem>
1041 <para>Reports the user name associated with the current effective
1042 user ID</para>
1043 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils whoami">
1044 <primary sortas="b-whoami">whoami</primary>
1045 </indexterm>
1046 </listitem>
1047 </varlistentry>
1048
1049 <varlistentry id="yes">
1050 <term><command>yes</command></term>
1051 <listitem>
1052 <para>Repeatedly outputs <quote>y</quote> or a given string until
1053 killed</para>
1054 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils yes">
1055 <primary sortas="b-yes">yes</primary>
1056 </indexterm>
1057 </listitem>
1058 </varlistentry>
1059
1060 </variablelist>
1061
1062 </sect2>
1063
1064</sect1>
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