[9dfc02f] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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[1770019] | 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
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[9dfc02f] | 3 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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| 4 | %general-entities;
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| 5 | ]>
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[81fd230] | 6 | <sect1 id="ch-system-devices">
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[4f74577] | 7 | <title>Populating /dev</title>
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[9dfc02f] | 8 | <?dbhtml filename="devices.html"?>
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| 9 |
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[32b21a1] | 10 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-devices"><primary sortas="e-/dev/">/dev/*</primary></indexterm>
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[81fd230] | 11 |
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| 12 | <sect2>
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| 13 | <title>Creating Initial Device Nodes</title>
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| 14 |
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| 15 | <para>When the kernel boots the system, it requires the presence of a few device
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| 16 | nodes, in particular the <filename class="devicefile">console</filename> and
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| 17 | <filename class="devicefile">null</filename> devices. Create these by
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| 18 | running the following commands:</para>
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[9dfc02f] | 19 |
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| 20 | <screen><userinput>mknod -m 600 /dev/console c 5 1
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| 21 | mknod -m 666 /dev/null c 1 3</userinput></screen>
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[81fd230] | 22 | </sect2>
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| 23 |
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| 24 | <sect2>
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| 25 | <title>Mounting ramfs and Populating /dev</title>
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[9dfc02f] | 26 |
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[81fd230] | 27 | <para>The ideal way to populate <filename
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| 28 | class="directory">/dev</filename> is to mount a <systemitem
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| 29 | class="filesystem">ramfs</systemitem> onto <filename
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| 30 | class="directory">/dev</filename>, like <systemitem
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| 31 | class="filesystem">tmpfs</systemitem>, and create the devices on there
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| 32 | during each bootup. Since the system has not been booted, it is
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| 33 | necessary to do what the bootscripts would otherwise do and populate
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| 34 | <filename class="directory">/dev</filename>. Begin by mounting
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| 35 | <filename class="directory">/dev</filename>:</para>
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[9dfc02f] | 36 |
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| 37 | <screen><userinput>mount -n -t ramfs none /dev</userinput></screen>
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| 38 |
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[81fd230] | 39 | <!-- Edit Me -->
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| 40 | <para>Since the Udev package will not be installed until later on in the
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| 41 | process, create a minimal set of device nodes used for building:</para>
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[9dfc02f] | 42 |
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[0a9b2e0] | 43 | <screen><userinput>mknod -m 622 /dev/console c 5 1
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| 44 | mknod -m 666 /dev/null c 1 3
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| 45 | mknod -m 666 /dev/zero c 1 5
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| 46 | mknod -m 666 /dev/ptmx c 5 2
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[84dee3b4] | 47 | mknod -m 666 /dev/tty c 5 0
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| 48 | mknod -m 444 /dev/random c 1 8
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| 49 | mknod -m 444 /dev/urandom c 1 9
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| 50 | chown root:tty /dev/{console,ptmx,tty}</userinput></screen>
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[81fd230] | 51 | <!-- -->
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[9dfc02f] | 52 |
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[81fd230] | 53 | <para>There are some symlinks and directories required by LFS that are
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| 54 | not created by Udev, so create those here:</para>
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[9dfc02f] | 55 |
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| 56 | <screen><userinput>ln -s /proc/self/fd /dev/fd
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| 57 | ln -s /proc/self/fd/0 /dev/stdin
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| 58 | ln -s /proc/self/fd/1 /dev/stdout
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| 59 | ln -s /proc/self/fd/2 /dev/stderr
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| 60 | ln -s /proc/kcore /dev/core
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| 61 | mkdir /dev/pts
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| 62 | mkdir /dev/shm</userinput></screen>
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| 63 |
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[81fd230] | 64 | <para>Finally, mount the proper virtual (kernel) file systems on the
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| 65 | newly-created directories:</para>
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[9dfc02f] | 66 |
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| 67 | <screen><userinput>mount -t devpts -o gid=4,mode=620 none /dev/pts
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| 68 | mount -t tmpfs none /dev/shm</userinput></screen>
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[af133c3] | 69 |
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[81fd230] | 70 | <para>The <command>mount</command> commands executed above may result
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| 71 | in the following warning message:</para>
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| 72 |
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| 73 | <screen><computeroutput>can't open /etc/fstab: No such file or directory.</computeroutput></screen>
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| 74 |
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| 75 | <para>This file—<filename>/etc/fstab</filename>—has not
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| 76 | been created yet but is also not required for the file systems to be
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| 77 | properly mounted. As such, the warning can be safely ignored.</para>
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| 78 | </sect2>
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[9dfc02f] | 79 |
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| 80 | </sect1>
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[81fd230] | 81 |
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