[673b0d8] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 3 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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| 4 | %general-entities;
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| 5 | ]>
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[a001133] | 6 | <sect1 id="ch-system-gcc" xreflabel="GCC" role="wrap">
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[673b0d8] | 7 | <title>GCC-&gcc-version;</title>
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| 8 | <?dbhtml filename="gcc.html"?>
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[6370fa6] | 9 |
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[673b0d8] | 10 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc"><primary sortas="a-GCC">GCC</primary></indexterm>
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| 11 |
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[a001133] | 12 | <sect2 role="package"><title/>
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[673b0d8] | 13 | <para>The GCC package contains the GNU compiler collection, which includes
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[5888299] | 14 | the C and C++ compilers.</para>
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| 15 |
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[a001133] | 16 | <segmentedlist>
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| 17 | <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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| 18 | <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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| 19 | <seglistitem><seg>11.7 SBU</seg><seg>294 MB</seg></seglistitem>
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| 20 | </segmentedlist>
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[3554fa3a] | 21 |
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[a001133] | 22 | <segmentedlist>
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| 23 | <segtitle>GCC installation depends on</segtitle>
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| 24 | <seglistitem><seg>Bash, Binutils, Coreutils, Diffutils, Findutils,
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[69993f4] | 25 | Gawk, Gettext, Glibc, Grep, Make, Perl, Sed, and Texinfo</seg></seglistitem>
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[a001133] | 26 | </segmentedlist>
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| 27 | </sect2>
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[5888299] | 28 |
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[a001133] | 29 | <sect2 role="installation">
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[73aedd1d] | 30 | <title>Installation of GCC</title>
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| 31 |
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[ef13657] | 32 | <para>This package is known to have issues when its default
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| 33 | optimization flags (including the <parameter>-march</parameter> and
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| 34 | <parameter>-mcpu</parameter> options) are changed. If any environment
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| 35 | variables that override default optimizations have been defined, such
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| 36 | as <emphasis>CFLAGS</emphasis> and <emphasis>CXXFLAGS</emphasis>,
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[24a08b9] | 37 | unset them when building GCC.</para>
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[ef13657] | 38 |
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[69993f4] | 39 | <para>Unpack both the gcc-core and the gcc-g++ tarballs—they will
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[ef13657] | 40 | unpack into the same directory. Likewise, extract the gcc-testsuite
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| 41 | package. The full GCC package contains additional compilers.
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| 42 | Instructions for building these can be found at <ulink
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| 43 | url="&blfs-root;view/stable/general/gcc.html"/>.</para>
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| 44 |
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| 45 | <para>Apply only the No-Fixincludes patch (not the Specs patch) also
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| 46 | used in the previous chapter:</para>
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[37dcf2a] | 47 |
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[e075967] | 48 | <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../gcc-&gcc-version;-no_fixincludes-1.patch</userinput></screen>
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[37dcf2a] | 49 |
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[03084bc9] | 50 | <para>GCC fails to compile some packages outside of a base Linux From Scratch
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| 51 | install (e.g., Mozilla and kdegraphics) when used in conjunction with newer
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| 52 | versions of binutils. Apply the following patch to fix this issue:</para>
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| 53 |
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| 54 | <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../gcc-&gcc-version;-linkonce-1.patch</userinput></screen>
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| 55 |
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[ef13657] | 56 | <para>Apply a sed substitution that will suppress the installation of
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| 57 | <filename class="libraryfile">libiberty.a</filename>. The version of
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| 58 | <filename class="libraryfile">libiberty.a</filename> provided by
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| 59 | Binutils will be used instead:</para>
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[37dcf2a] | 60 |
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| 61 | <screen><userinput>sed -i 's/install_to_$(INSTALL_DEST) //' libiberty/Makefile.in</userinput></screen>
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[73aedd1d] | 62 |
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| 63 | <para>The GCC documentation recommends building GCC outside of the source
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| 64 | directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
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| 65 |
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| 66 | <screen><userinput>mkdir ../gcc-build
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| 67 | cd ../gcc-build</userinput></screen>
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| 68 |
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| 69 | <para>Now prepare GCC for compilation:</para>
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| 70 |
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[673b0d8] | 71 | <screen><userinput>../gcc-&gcc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
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[9dfc02f] | 72 | --libexecdir=/usr/lib --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix \
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[17fadf7] | 73 | --enable-__cxa_atexit --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-languages=c,c++</userinput></screen>
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[73aedd1d] | 74 |
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| 75 | <para>Compile the package:</para>
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| 76 |
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| 77 | <screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
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| 78 |
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[69993f4] | 79 | <important><para>In this section, the test suite for GCC is considered
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[ef13657] | 80 | critical. Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para></important>
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[90afe40d] | 81 |
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[69993f4] | 82 | <para>Test the results, but do not stop at errors:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 83 |
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| 84 | <screen><userinput>make -k check</userinput></screen>
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| 85 |
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[ef13657] | 86 | <para>Some of the errors are known issues and were noted in the
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| 87 | previous chapter. The test suite notes from <xref
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| 88 | linkend="ch-tools-gcc-pass2"/> are still relevant here. Be sure to
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| 89 | refer back to them as necessary.</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 90 |
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[69993f4] | 91 | <para>Install the package:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 92 |
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| 93 | <screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
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| 94 |
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| 95 | <para>Some packages expect the C PreProcessor to be installed in the
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[bb55064] | 96 | <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> directory.
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[673b0d8] | 97 | To support those packages, create this symlink:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 98 |
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| 99 | <screen><userinput>ln -s ../usr/bin/cpp /lib</userinput></screen>
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| 100 |
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[90e3cb3] | 101 | <para>Many packages use the name <command>cc</command> to call the C
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[73aedd1d] | 102 | compiler. To satisfy those packages, create a symlink:</para>
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| 103 |
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| 104 | <screen><userinput>ln -s gcc /usr/bin/cc</userinput></screen>
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| 105 |
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[69993f4] | 106 | <note><para>At this point, it is strongly recommended to repeat the
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| 107 | sanity check performed earlier in this chapter. Refer back to <xref
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[ef13657] | 108 | linkend="ch-system-readjusting"/> and repeat the check. If the results
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| 109 | are in error, then the most likely reason is that the GCC Specs patch
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| 110 | from <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> was erroneously applied
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| 111 | here.</para></note>
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[73aedd1d] | 112 |
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| 113 | </sect2>
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[6370fa6] | 114 |
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[5888299] | 115 |
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[c6cb3aa] | 116 | <sect2 id="contents-gcc" role="content"><title>Contents of GCC</title>
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[673b0d8] | 117 |
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[c6cb3aa] | 118 | <segmentedlist>
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| 119 | <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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| 120 | <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
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| 121 | <seglistitem><seg>c++, cc (link to gcc),
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| 122 | cc1, cc1plus, collect2, cpp, g++, gcc, gccbug, and gcov</seg>
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[69993f4] | 123 | <seg>libgcc.a, libgcc_eh.a, libgcc_s.so, libstdc++.[a,so], and libsupc++.a</seg></seglistitem>
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[c6cb3aa] | 124 | </segmentedlist>
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[673b0d8] | 125 |
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[3ed279f] | 126 | <variablelist><bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 127 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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[673b0d8] | 128 |
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[b8a819f] | 129 | <varlistentry id="cpp">
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| 130 | <term><command>cpp</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 131 | <listitem>
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[ef13657] | 132 | <para>the C preprocessor. It is used by the compiler expand the
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| 133 | #include, #define, and similar statements in the source files.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 134 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc cpp"><primary sortas="b-cpp">cpp</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 135 | </listitem>
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| 136 | </varlistentry>
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| 137 |
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[b8a819f] | 138 | <varlistentry id="g">
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| 139 | <term><command>g++</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 140 | <listitem>
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[ef13657] | 141 | <para>the C++ compiler.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 142 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc g"><primary sortas="b-g++">g++</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 143 | </listitem>
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| 144 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 145 |
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[b8a819f] | 146 | <varlistentry id="gcc">
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| 147 | <term><command>gcc</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 148 | <listitem>
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[ef13657] | 149 | <para>the C compiler.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 150 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc"><primary sortas="b-gcc">gcc</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 151 | </listitem>
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| 152 | </varlistentry>
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[6370fa6] | 153 |
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[b8a819f] | 154 | <varlistentry id="gccbug">
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| 155 | <term><command>gccbug</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 156 | <listitem>
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[ef13657] | 157 | <para>a shell script used to help create useful bug reports.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 158 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gccbug"><primary sortas="b-gccbug">gccbug</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 159 | </listitem>
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| 160 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 161 |
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[b8a819f] | 162 | <varlistentry id="gcov">
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| 163 | <term><command>gcov</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 164 | <listitem>
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[ef13657] | 165 | <para>a coverage testing tool. It is used to analyze programs to
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| 166 | determine where optimizations will have the most effect.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 167 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcov"><primary sortas="b-gcov">gcov</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 168 | </listitem>
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| 169 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 170 |
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[b8a819f] | 171 | <varlistentry id="libgcc">
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[bb55064] | 172 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libgcc*</filename></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 173 | <listitem>
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[bb55064] | 174 | <para>contains run-time support for <command>gcc</command>.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 175 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libgcc"><primary sortas="c-libgcc*">libgcc*</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 176 | </listitem>
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| 177 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 178 |
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[b8a819f] | 179 | <varlistentry id="libstdc">
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[bb55064] | 180 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libstdc++</filename></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 181 | <listitem>
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[ef13657] | 182 | <para>the standard C++ library.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 183 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libstdc"><primary sortas="c-libstdc++">libstdc++</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 184 | </listitem>
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| 185 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 186 |
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[b8a819f] | 187 | <varlistentry id="libsupc">
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[bb55064] | 188 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsupc++</filename></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 189 | <listitem>
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| 190 | <para>provides supporting routines for the c++ programming language.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 191 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libsupc"><primary sortas="c-libsupc++">libsupc++</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 192 | </listitem>
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| 193 | </varlistentry>
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| 194 | </variablelist>
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[673b0d8] | 195 |
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| 196 | </sect2>
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| 197 |
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| 198 | </sect1>
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[ef13657] | 199 |
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