[673b0d8] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 3 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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| 4 | %general-entities;
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| 5 | ]>
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[a001133] | 6 | <sect1 id="ch-system-gcc" xreflabel="GCC" role="wrap">
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[673b0d8] | 7 | <title>GCC-&gcc-version;</title>
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| 8 | <?dbhtml filename="gcc.html"?>
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[6370fa6] | 9 |
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[673b0d8] | 10 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc"><primary sortas="a-GCC">GCC</primary></indexterm>
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| 11 |
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[a001133] | 12 | <sect2 role="package"><title/>
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[673b0d8] | 13 | <para>The GCC package contains the GNU compiler collection, which includes
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[5888299] | 14 | the C and C++ compilers.</para>
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| 15 |
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[a001133] | 16 | <segmentedlist>
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| 17 | <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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| 18 | <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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| 19 | <seglistitem><seg>11.7 SBU</seg><seg>294 MB</seg></seglistitem>
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| 20 | </segmentedlist>
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[3554fa3a] | 21 |
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[a001133] | 22 | <segmentedlist>
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| 23 | <segtitle>GCC installation depends on</segtitle>
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| 24 | <seglistitem><seg>Bash, Binutils, Coreutils, Diffutils, Findutils,
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| 25 | Gawk, Gettext, Glibc, Grep, Make, Perl, Sed, Texinfo</seg></seglistitem>
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| 26 | </segmentedlist>
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| 27 | </sect2>
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[5888299] | 28 |
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[a001133] | 29 | <sect2 role="installation">
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[73aedd1d] | 30 | <title>Installation of GCC</title>
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| 31 |
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| 32 | <para>This package is known to behave badly when you have changed its
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[bb55064] | 33 | default optimization flags (including the <parameter>-march</parameter> and <parameter>-mcpu</parameter> options).
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[73aedd1d] | 34 | Therefore, if you have defined any environment variables that override
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[673b0d8] | 35 | default optimizations, such as CFLAGS and CXXFLAGS, we recommend un-setting
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[73aedd1d] | 36 | or modifying them when building GCC.</para>
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| 37 |
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[37dcf2a] | 38 | <para>Unpack the GCC-core <emphasis>and</emphasis> the GCC-g++ tarball -- they
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[73aedd1d] | 39 | will unfold into the same directory. You should likewise extract the
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| 40 | GCC-testsuite package. The full GCC package contains even more
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| 41 | compilers. Instructions for building these can be found at
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| 42 | <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/stable/general/gcc.html"/>.</para>
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| 43 |
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[4248b0e] | 44 | <para>First apply only the No-Fixincludes patch (and <emphasis>not</emphasis>
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| 45 | the Specs patch) also used in the previous chapter:</para>
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[37dcf2a] | 46 |
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[e075967] | 47 | <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../gcc-&gcc-version;-no_fixincludes-1.patch</userinput></screen>
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[041cbb60] | 48 |
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| 49 | <para>GCC fails to compile some packages outside of a base Linux From Scratch
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| 50 | install (e.g., Mozilla and kdegraphics) when used in conjunction with newer
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| 51 | versions of binutils. Apply the following patch to fix this issue:</para>
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| 52 |
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| 53 | <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../gcc-&gcc-version;-linkonce-1.patch</userinput></screen>
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[37dcf2a] | 54 |
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| 55 | <para>Now apply a sed substitution that will suppress the installation of
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[bb55064] | 56 | <filename class="libraryfile">libiberty.a</filename>. We want to use the version of
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| 57 | <filename class="libraryfile">libiberty.a</filename> provided by Binutils:</para>
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[37dcf2a] | 58 |
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| 59 | <screen><userinput>sed -i 's/install_to_$(INSTALL_DEST) //' libiberty/Makefile.in</userinput></screen>
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[73aedd1d] | 60 |
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| 61 | <para>The GCC documentation recommends building GCC outside of the source
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| 62 | directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
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| 63 |
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| 64 | <screen><userinput>mkdir ../gcc-build
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| 65 | cd ../gcc-build</userinput></screen>
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| 66 |
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| 67 | <para>Now prepare GCC for compilation:</para>
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| 68 |
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[673b0d8] | 69 | <screen><userinput>../gcc-&gcc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
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[9dfc02f] | 70 | --libexecdir=/usr/lib --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix \
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[17fadf7] | 71 | --enable-__cxa_atexit --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-languages=c,c++</userinput></screen>
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[73aedd1d] | 72 |
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| 73 | <para>Compile the package:</para>
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| 74 |
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| 75 | <screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
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| 76 |
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[90afe40d] | 77 | <important><para>The test suite for GCC in this section is considered
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| 78 | <emphasis>critical</emphasis>. Our advice is to not skip it under any
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| 79 | circumstance.</para></important>
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| 80 |
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[73aedd1d] | 81 | <para>Test the results, but don't stop at errors (you'll remember the few
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| 82 | known ones):</para>
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| 83 |
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| 84 | <screen><userinput>make -k check</userinput></screen>
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| 85 |
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[3be4d97] | 86 | <para>The test suite notes from <xref linkend="ch-tools-gcc-pass2"/> are still very
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[73aedd1d] | 87 | much appropriate here. Be sure to refer back there should you have any
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| 88 | doubts.</para>
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| 89 |
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[673b0d8] | 90 | <para>Now install the package:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 91 |
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| 92 | <screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
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| 93 |
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| 94 | <para>Some packages expect the C PreProcessor to be installed in the
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[bb55064] | 95 | <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> directory.
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[673b0d8] | 96 | To support those packages, create this symlink:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 97 |
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| 98 | <screen><userinput>ln -s ../usr/bin/cpp /lib</userinput></screen>
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| 99 |
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[90e3cb3] | 100 | <para>Many packages use the name <command>cc</command> to call the C
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[73aedd1d] | 101 | compiler. To satisfy those packages, create a symlink:</para>
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| 102 |
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| 103 | <screen><userinput>ln -s gcc /usr/bin/cc</userinput></screen>
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| 104 |
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| 105 | <note><para>At this point it is strongly recommended to repeat the sanity check
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| 106 | we performed earlier in this chapter. Refer back to
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[a0b689e] | 107 | <xref linkend="ch-system-readjusting"/> and repeat the check. If the results
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[73aedd1d] | 108 | are wrong, then most likely you erroneously applied the GCC Specs patch from
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[dcff046] | 109 | <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/>.</para></note>
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[73aedd1d] | 110 |
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| 111 | </sect2>
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[6370fa6] | 112 |
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[5888299] | 113 |
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[c6cb3aa] | 114 | <sect2 id="contents-gcc" role="content"><title>Contents of GCC</title>
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[673b0d8] | 115 |
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[c6cb3aa] | 116 | <segmentedlist>
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| 117 | <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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| 118 | <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
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| 119 | <seglistitem><seg>c++, cc (link to gcc),
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| 120 | cc1, cc1plus, collect2, cpp, g++, gcc, gccbug, and gcov</seg>
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| 121 | <seg>libgcc.a, libgcc_eh.a, libgcc_s.so, libstdc++.[a,so] and libsupc++.a</seg></seglistitem>
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| 122 | </segmentedlist>
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[673b0d8] | 123 |
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[c6cb3aa] | 124 | <variablelist><title>Short descriptions</title>
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[673b0d8] | 125 |
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[b8a819f] | 126 | <varlistentry id="cpp">
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| 127 | <term><command>cpp</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 128 | <listitem>
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[673b0d8] | 129 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc cpp"><primary sortas="b-cpp">cpp</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 130 | <para>is the C preprocessor. It is used by the compiler to have the #include and
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| 131 | #define and such statements expanded in the source files.</para>
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| 132 | </listitem>
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| 133 | </varlistentry>
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| 134 |
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[b8a819f] | 135 | <varlistentry id="g">
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| 136 | <term><command>g++</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 137 | <listitem>
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[673b0d8] | 138 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc g"><primary sortas="b-g++">g++</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 139 | <para>is the C++ compiler.</para>
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| 140 | </listitem>
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| 141 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 142 |
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[b8a819f] | 143 | <varlistentry id="gcc">
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| 144 | <term><command>gcc</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 145 | <listitem>
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[673b0d8] | 146 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc"><primary sortas="b-gcc">gcc</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 147 | <para>is the C compiler. It is used to translate
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[673b0d8] | 148 | the source code of a program into assembly code.</para>
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[c6cb3aa] | 149 | </listitem>
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| 150 | </varlistentry>
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[6370fa6] | 151 |
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[b8a819f] | 152 | <varlistentry id="gccbug">
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| 153 | <term><command>gccbug</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 154 | <listitem>
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[673b0d8] | 155 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gccbug"><primary sortas="b-gccbug">gccbug</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 156 | <para>is a shell script used to help create good bug reports.</para>
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| 157 | </listitem>
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| 158 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 159 |
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[b8a819f] | 160 | <varlistentry id="gcov">
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| 161 | <term><command>gcov</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 162 | <listitem>
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[673b0d8] | 163 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcov"><primary sortas="b-gcov">gcov</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 164 | <para>is a coverage testing tool. It is used to
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[673b0d8] | 165 | analyze programs to find out where optimizations will have the most effect.</para>
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[c6cb3aa] | 166 | </listitem>
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| 167 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 168 |
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[b8a819f] | 169 | <varlistentry id="libgcc">
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[bb55064] | 170 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libgcc*</filename></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 171 | <listitem>
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[673b0d8] | 172 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libgcc"><primary sortas="c-libgcc*">libgcc*</primary></indexterm>
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[bb55064] | 173 | <para>contains run-time support for <command>gcc</command>.</para>
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[c6cb3aa] | 174 | </listitem>
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| 175 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 176 |
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[b8a819f] | 177 | <varlistentry id="libstdc">
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[bb55064] | 178 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libstdc++</filename></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 179 | <listitem>
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[673b0d8] | 180 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libstdc"><primary sortas="c-libstdc++">libstdc++</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 181 | <para>is the standard C++ library. It contains many frequently-used functions.</para>
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| 182 | </listitem>
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| 183 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 184 |
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[b8a819f] | 185 | <varlistentry id="libsupc">
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[bb55064] | 186 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsupc++</filename></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 187 | <listitem>
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[673b0d8] | 188 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libsupc"><primary sortas="c-libsupc++">libsupc++</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 189 | <para>provides supporting routines for the c++ programming language.</para>
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| 190 | </listitem>
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| 191 | </varlistentry>
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| 192 | </variablelist>
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[673b0d8] | 193 |
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| 194 | </sect2>
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| 195 |
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| 196 | </sect1>
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