[673b0d8] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 3 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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| 4 | %general-entities;
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| 5 | ]>
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[3be4d97] | 6 | <sect1 id="ch-system-gcc" xreflabel="GCC">
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[673b0d8] | 7 | <title>GCC-&gcc-version;</title>
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| 8 | <?dbhtml filename="gcc.html"?>
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[6370fa6] | 9 |
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[673b0d8] | 10 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc"><primary sortas="a-GCC">GCC</primary></indexterm>
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| 11 |
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| 12 | <para>The GCC package contains the GNU compiler collection, which includes
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[5888299] | 13 | the C and C++ compilers.</para>
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| 14 |
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[673b0d8] | 15 | <screen>&buildtime; 11.7 SBU
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| 16 | &diskspace; 294 MB</screen>
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[3554fa3a] | 17 |
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[673b0d8] | 18 | <para>GCC installation depends on: Bash, Binutils, Coreutils, Diffutils, Findutils,
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| 19 | Gawk, Gettext, Glibc, Grep, Make, Perl, Sed, Texinfo.</para>
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[5888299] | 20 |
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[73aedd1d] | 21 |
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <sect2>
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| 24 | <title>Installation of GCC</title>
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| 25 |
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| 26 | <para>This package is known to behave badly when you have changed its
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| 27 | default optimization flags (including the -march and -mcpu options).
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| 28 | Therefore, if you have defined any environment variables that override
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[673b0d8] | 29 | default optimizations, such as CFLAGS and CXXFLAGS, we recommend un-setting
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[73aedd1d] | 30 | or modifying them when building GCC.</para>
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| 31 |
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[37dcf2a] | 32 | <para>Unpack the GCC-core <emphasis>and</emphasis> the GCC-g++ tarball -- they
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[73aedd1d] | 33 | will unfold into the same directory. You should likewise extract the
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| 34 | GCC-testsuite package. The full GCC package contains even more
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| 35 | compilers. Instructions for building these can be found at
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| 36 | <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/stable/general/gcc.html"/>.</para>
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| 37 |
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[4248b0e] | 38 | <para>First apply only the No-Fixincludes patch (and <emphasis>not</emphasis>
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| 39 | the Specs patch) also used in the previous chapter:</para>
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[37dcf2a] | 40 |
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[673b0d8] | 41 | <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../gcc-&gcc-version;-no_fixincludes-1.patch</userinput></screen>
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[37dcf2a] | 42 |
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| 43 | <para>Now apply a sed substitution that will suppress the installation of
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| 44 | <filename>libiberty.a</filename>. We want to use the version of
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| 45 | <filename>libiberty.a</filename> provided by Binutils:</para>
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| 46 |
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| 47 | <screen><userinput>sed -i 's/install_to_$(INSTALL_DEST) //' libiberty/Makefile.in</userinput></screen>
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[73aedd1d] | 48 |
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| 49 | <para>The GCC documentation recommends building GCC outside of the source
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| 50 | directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
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| 51 |
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| 52 | <screen><userinput>mkdir ../gcc-build
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| 53 | cd ../gcc-build</userinput></screen>
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| 54 |
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| 55 | <para>Now prepare GCC for compilation:</para>
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| 56 |
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[673b0d8] | 57 | <screen><userinput>../gcc-&gcc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
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| 58 | --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix \
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| 59 | --enable-__cxa_atexit --enable-clocale=gnu \
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| 60 | --enable-languages=c,c++</userinput></screen>
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[73aedd1d] | 61 |
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| 62 | <para>Compile the package:</para>
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| 63 |
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| 64 | <screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
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| 65 |
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[90afe40d] | 66 | <important><para>The test suite for GCC in this section is considered
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| 67 | <emphasis>critical</emphasis>. Our advice is to not skip it under any
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| 68 | circumstance.</para></important>
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| 69 |
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[73aedd1d] | 70 | <para>Test the results, but don't stop at errors (you'll remember the few
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| 71 | known ones):</para>
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| 72 |
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| 73 | <screen><userinput>make -k check</userinput></screen>
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| 74 |
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[3be4d97] | 75 | <para>The test suite notes from <xref linkend="ch-tools-gcc-pass2"/> are still very
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[73aedd1d] | 76 | much appropriate here. Be sure to refer back there should you have any
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| 77 | doubts.</para>
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| 78 |
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[673b0d8] | 79 | <para>Now install the package:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 80 |
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| 81 | <screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
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| 82 |
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| 83 | <para>Some packages expect the C PreProcessor to be installed in the
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| 84 | <filename>/lib</filename> directory.
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[673b0d8] | 85 | To support those packages, create this symlink:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 86 |
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| 87 | <screen><userinput>ln -s ../usr/bin/cpp /lib</userinput></screen>
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| 88 |
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[90e3cb3] | 89 | <para>Many packages use the name <command>cc</command> to call the C
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[73aedd1d] | 90 | compiler. To satisfy those packages, create a symlink:</para>
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| 91 |
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| 92 | <screen><userinput>ln -s gcc /usr/bin/cc</userinput></screen>
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| 93 |
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| 94 | <note><para>At this point it is strongly recommended to repeat the sanity check
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| 95 | we performed earlier in this chapter. Refer back to
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[a0b689e] | 96 | <xref linkend="ch-system-readjusting"/> and repeat the check. If the results
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[73aedd1d] | 97 | are wrong, then most likely you erroneously applied the GCC Specs patch from
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[dcff046] | 98 | <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/>.</para></note>
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[73aedd1d] | 99 |
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| 100 | </sect2>
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[6370fa6] | 101 |
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[5888299] | 102 |
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[673b0d8] | 103 | <sect2 id="contents-gcc"><title>Contents of GCC</title>
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| 104 |
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| 105 | <para><emphasis>Installed programs</emphasis>: c++, cc (link to gcc),
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| 106 | cc1, cc1plus, collect2, cpp, g++, gcc, gccbug, and gcov</para>
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| 107 |
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| 108 | <para><emphasis>Installed libraries</emphasis>: libgcc.a, libgcc_eh.a,
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| 109 | libgcc_s.so, libstdc++.[a,so] and libsupc++.a</para>
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| 110 |
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| 111 | </sect2>
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| 112 |
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| 113 |
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| 114 | <sect2><title>Short descriptions</title>
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| 115 |
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| 116 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc cpp"><primary sortas="b-cpp">cpp</primary></indexterm>
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| 117 | <para id="cpp"><command>cpp</command> is the C preprocessor. It is used by the
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| 118 | compiler to have the #include and #define and such statements expanded in
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| 119 | the source files.</para>
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| 120 |
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| 121 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc g"><primary sortas="b-g++">g++</primary></indexterm>
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| 122 | <para id="g"><command>g++</command> is the C++ compiler.</para>
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| 123 |
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| 124 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc"><primary sortas="b-gcc">gcc</primary></indexterm>
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| 125 | <para id="gcc"><command>gcc</command> is the C compiler. It is used to translate
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| 126 | the source code of a program into assembly code.</para>
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[6370fa6] | 127 |
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[673b0d8] | 128 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gccbug"><primary sortas="b-gccbug">gccbug</primary></indexterm>
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| 129 | <para id="gccbug"><command>gccbug</command> is a shell script used to help create
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| 130 | good bug reports.</para>
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| 131 |
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| 132 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcov"><primary sortas="b-gcov">gcov</primary></indexterm>
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| 133 | <para id="gcov"><command>gcov</command> is a coverage testing tool. It is used to
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| 134 | analyze programs to find out where optimizations will have the most effect.</para>
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| 135 |
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| 136 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libgcc"><primary sortas="c-libgcc*">libgcc*</primary></indexterm>
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| 137 | <para id="libgcc"><command>libgcc*</command> contains run-time support for gcc.</para>
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| 138 |
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| 139 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libstdc"><primary sortas="c-libstdc++">libstdc++</primary></indexterm>
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| 140 | <para id="libstdc"><command>libstdc++</command> is the standard C++ library. It contains
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| 141 | many frequently-used functions.</para>
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| 142 |
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| 143 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libsupc"><primary sortas="c-libsupc++">libsupc++</primary></indexterm>
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| 144 | <para id="libsupc"><command>libsupc++</command> provides supporting routines
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| 145 | for the c++ programming language.</para>
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| 146 |
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| 147 | </sect2>
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| 148 |
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| 149 |
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| 150 |
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| 151 | </sect1>
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