source: chapter06/gcc.xml@ e523b7b

10.0 10.0-rc1 10.1 10.1-rc1 11.0 11.0-rc1 11.0-rc2 11.0-rc3 11.1 11.1-rc1 11.2 11.2-rc1 11.3 11.3-rc1 12.0 12.0-rc1 12.1 12.1-rc1 12.2 12.2-rc1 7.9 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 9.0 9.1 arm bdubbs/gcc13 ml-11.0 multilib renodr/libudev-from-systemd s6-init trunk xry111/arm64 xry111/arm64-12.0 xry111/clfs-ng xry111/lfs-next xry111/loongarch xry111/loongarch-12.0 xry111/loongarch-12.1 xry111/loongarch-12.2 xry111/mips64el xry111/multilib xry111/pip3 xry111/rust-wip-20221008 xry111/update-glibc
Last change on this file since e523b7b was e523b7b, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 9 years ago

Update for new patches

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@11016 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 19.0 KB
Line 
1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-gcc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="gcc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>gcc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&gcc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&gcc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>GCC-&gcc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc">
20 <primary sortas="a-GCC">GCC</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The GCC package contains the GNU compiler collection, which includes
27 the C and C++ compilers.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&gcc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&gcc-ch6-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38
39 </sect2>
40
41 <sect2 role="installation">
42 <title>Installation of GCC</title>
43
44 <para>First apply some fixes from the upstream repository:</para>
45
46<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&gcc-upstream-patch;</userinput></screen>
47
48 <para>The GCC documentation recommends building GCC in a dedicated build directory:</para>
49
50<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
51cd build</userinput></screen>
52
53 <para>Prepare GCC for compilation:</para>
54
55<screen><userinput remap="configure">SED=sed \
56../configure --prefix=/usr \
57 --enable-languages=c,c++ \
58 --disable-multilib \
59 --disable-bootstrap \
60 --with-system-zlib</userinput></screen>
61
62 <para>Note that for other languages, there are some prerequisites that
63 are not yet available. See the
64 <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/gcc.html">BLFS Book</ulink>
65 for instructions on how to build all of GCC's supported languages.</para>
66
67 <variablelist>
68 <title>The meaning of the new configure option:</title>
69
70 <varlistentry>
71 <term><envar>SED=sed</envar></term>
72 <listitem>
73 <para>Setting this environment variable prevents a hard-coded
74 path to /tools/bin/sed.</para>
75 </listitem>
76 </varlistentry>
77
78 <varlistentry>
79 <term><parameter>--with-system-zlib</parameter></term>
80 <listitem>
81 <para>This switch tells GCC to link to the system installed copy of
82 the Zlib library, rather than its own internal copy.</para>
83 </listitem>
84 </varlistentry>
85 </variablelist>
86
87 <para>Compile the package:</para>
88
89<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
90
91 <important>
92 <para>In this section, the test suite for GCC is considered
93 critical. Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
94 </important>
95
96 <para>One set of tests in the GCC test suite is known to exhaust the stack,
97 so increase the stack size prior to running the tests:</para>
98
99<screen><userinput remap="test">ulimit -s 32768</userinput></screen>
100
101 <para>Test the results, but do not stop at errors:</para>
102
103<screen><userinput remap="test">make -k check</userinput></screen>
104
105 <para>To receive a summary of the test suite results, run:</para>
106
107<screen><userinput remap="test">../contrib/test_summary</userinput></screen>
108
109 <para>For only the summaries, pipe the output through
110 <userinput>grep -A7 Summ</userinput>.</para>
111
112 <para>Results can be compared with those located at <ulink
113 url="&test-results;"/> and <ulink url="http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-testresults/"/>.</para>
114
115 <para>A few unexpected failures cannot always be avoided. The GCC developers
116 are usually aware of these issues, but have not resolved them yet.
117 In particular, two tests in the libstdc++ test suite are known to fail
118 when running as the root user as we do here.
119 Unless the test results are vastly different from those at the above URL,
120 it is safe to continue.</para>
121
122 <para>Install the package:</para>
123
124<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
125
126 <para>Some packages expect the C preprocessor to be installed in the
127 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> directory.
128 To support those packages, create this symlink:</para>
129
130<screen><userinput remap="install">ln -sv ../usr/bin/cpp /lib</userinput></screen>
131
132 <para>Many packages use the name <command>cc</command> to call the C
133 compiler. To satisfy those packages, create a symlink:</para>
134
135<screen><userinput remap="install">ln -sv gcc /usr/bin/cc</userinput></screen>
136
137 <para>Add a compatibility symlink to enable building programs with
138 Link Time Optimization (LTO):</para>
139
140<screen><userinput remap="install">install -v -dm755 /usr/lib/bfd-plugins
141ln -sfv ../../libexec/gcc/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/&gcc-version;/liblto_plugin.so \
142 /usr/lib/bfd-plugins/</userinput></screen>
143
144 <para>Now that our final toolchain is in place, it is important to again ensure
145 that compiling and linking will work as expected. We do this by performing
146 the same sanity checks as we did earlier in the chapter:</para>
147
148 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
149 href="adjusting.xml"
150 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='a'])"/>
151
152 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
153 href="adjusting.xml"
154 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='b'])"/>
155
156 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
157 href="adjusting.xml"
158 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='c'])"/>
159
160 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
161 href="adjusting.xml"
162 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='d'])"/>
163
164 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
165 href="adjusting.xml"
166 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='e'])"/>
167
168 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
169 href="adjusting.xml"
170 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='f'])"/>
171
172<screen><computeroutput>/usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/../../../crt1.o succeeded
173/usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/../../../crti.o succeeded
174/usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/../../../crtn.o succeeded</computeroutput></screen>
175
176 <para>Depending on your machine architecture, the above may differ slightly,
177 the difference usually being the name of the directory
178 after <filename class="directory">/usr/lib/gcc</filename>. If your machine is
179 a 64-bit system, you may also see a directory named <filename class="directory">lib64</filename>
180 towards the end of the string. The important thing to
181 look for here is that <command>gcc</command> has found all three
182 <filename>crt*.o</filename> files under the
183 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> directory.</para>
184
185 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
186 href="adjusting.xml"
187 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='g'])"/>
188
189<screen><userinput>grep -B4 '^ /usr/include' dummy.log</userinput></screen>
190
191 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
192 href="adjusting.xml"
193 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='h'])"/>
194
195<screen><computeroutput>#include &lt;...&gt; search starts here:
196 /usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include
197 /usr/local/include
198 /usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include-fixed
199 /usr/include</computeroutput></screen>
200
201 <para>Again, note that the directory named after your target triplet may be
202 different than the above, depending on your architecture.</para>
203
204 <note><para>As of version 4.3.0, GCC now unconditionally installs the
205 <filename>limits.h</filename> file into the private
206 <filename class="directory">include-fixed</filename> directory, and that
207 directory is required to be in place.</para></note>
208
209 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
210 href="adjusting.xml"
211 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='i'])"/>
212
213 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
214 href="adjusting.xml"
215 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='j'])"/>
216
217 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
218 href="adjusting.xml"
219 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='k'])"/>
220
221<screen><computeroutput>SEARCH_DIR("/usr/i686-pc-linux-gnu/lib32")
222SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib32")
223SEARCH_DIR("/lib32")
224SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib32")
225SEARCH_DIR("/usr/i686-pc-linux-gnu/lib")
226SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib")
227SEARCH_DIR("/lib")
228SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib");</computeroutput></screen>
229
230 <para>A 64-bit system may see a few different directories. For example, here
231 is the output from an x86_64 machine:</para>
232
233<screen><computeroutput>SEARCH_DIR("/usr/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib64")
234SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib64")
235SEARCH_DIR("/lib64")
236SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib64")
237SEARCH_DIR("/usr/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib")
238SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib")
239SEARCH_DIR("/lib")
240SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib");</computeroutput></screen>
241
242 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
243 href="adjusting.xml"
244 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='l'])"/>
245
246 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
247 href="adjusting.xml"
248 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='m'])"/>
249
250 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
251 href="adjusting.xml"
252 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='n'])"/>
253
254 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
255 href="adjusting.xml"
256 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='o'])"/>
257
258 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
259 href="adjusting.xml"
260 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='p'])"/>
261
262 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
263 href="adjusting.xml"
264 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='q'])"/>
265
266 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
267 href="adjusting.xml"
268 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='r'])"/>
269
270 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
271 href="adjusting.xml"
272 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='s'])"/>
273
274 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
275 href="adjusting.xml"
276 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='t'])"/>
277
278 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
279 href="adjusting.xml"
280 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='u'])"/>
281
282 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
283 href="adjusting.xml"
284 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='v'])"/>
285
286 <para>Finally, move a misplaced file:</para>
287
288<screen><userinput remap="install">mkdir -pv /usr/share/gdb/auto-load/usr/lib
289mv -v /usr/lib/*gdb.py /usr/share/gdb/auto-load/usr/lib</userinput></screen>
290
291 </sect2>
292
293 <sect2 id="contents-gcc" role="content">
294 <title>Contents of GCC</title>
295
296 <segmentedlist>
297 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
298 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
299 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
300
301 <seglistitem>
302 <seg>c++, cc (link to gcc), cpp, g++, gcc,
303 gcc-ar, gcc-nm, gcc-ranlib, and gcov</seg>
304
305 <seg>libasan.{a,so}, libatomic.{a,so}, libgcc.a, libgcc_eh.a,
306 libgcc_s.so, libgcov.a, libgomp.{a,so}, libiberty.a, libitm.{a,so},
307 liblto_plugin.so,
308 libquadmath.{a,so}, libssp.{a,so},
309 libssp_nonshared.a, libstdc++.{a,so}, libsupc++.a, and libtsan.{a,so}</seg>
310
311 <seg>/usr/include/c++, /usr/lib/gcc, /usr/libexec/gcc, and
312 /usr/share/gcc-&gcc-version;</seg>
313 </seglistitem>
314 </segmentedlist>
315
316 <variablelist>
317 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
318 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
319 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
320
321 <varlistentry id="c">
322 <term><command>c++</command></term>
323 <listitem>
324 <para>The C++ compiler</para>
325 <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc c">
326 <primary sortas="b-c++">c++</primary>
327 </indexterm>
328 </listitem>
329 </varlistentry>
330
331 <varlistentry id="cc">
332 <term><command>cc</command></term>
333 <listitem>
334 <para>The C compiler</para>
335 <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc cc">
336 <primary sortas="b-cc">cc</primary>
337 </indexterm>
338 </listitem>
339 </varlistentry>
340
341 <varlistentry id="cpp">
342 <term><command>cpp</command></term>
343 <listitem>
344 <para>The C preprocessor; it is used by the compiler to expand the
345 #include, #define, and similar statements in the source files</para>
346 <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc cpp">
347 <primary sortas="b-cpp">cpp</primary>
348 </indexterm>
349 </listitem>
350 </varlistentry>
351
352 <varlistentry id="g">
353 <term><command>g++</command></term>
354 <listitem>
355 <para>The C++ compiler</para>
356 <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc g">
357 <primary sortas="b-g++">g++</primary>
358 </indexterm>
359 </listitem>
360 </varlistentry>
361
362 <varlistentry id="gcc">
363 <term><command>gcc</command></term>
364 <listitem>
365 <para>The C compiler</para>
366 <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc">
367 <primary sortas="b-gcc">gcc</primary>
368 </indexterm>
369 </listitem>
370 </varlistentry>
371
372 <varlistentry id="gcc-ar">
373 <term><command>gcc-ar</command></term>
374 <listitem>
375 <para>A wrapper around <command>ar</command> that adds a
376 plugin to the command line. This program is only used
377 to add "link time optimization" and is not useful with the
378 default build options</para>
379 <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc-ar">
380 <primary sortas="b-gcc-ar">gc-ar</primary>
381 </indexterm>
382 </listitem>
383 </varlistentry>
384
385 <varlistentry id="gcc-nm">
386 <term><command>gcc-nm</command></term>
387 <listitem>
388 <para>A wrapper around <command>nm</command> that adds a
389 plugin to the command line. This program is only used
390 to add "link time optimization"" and is not useful with the
391 default build options</para>
392 <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc-nm">
393 <primary sortas="b-gcc-nm">gc-nm</primary>
394 </indexterm>
395 </listitem>
396 </varlistentry>
397
398 <varlistentry id="gcc-ranlib">
399 <term><command>gcc-ranlib</command></term>
400 <listitem>
401 <para>A wrapper around <command>ranlib</command> that adds a
402 plugin to the command line. This program is only used
403 to add "link time optimization"" and is not useful with the
404 default build options</para>
405 <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc-ranlib">
406 <primary sortas="b-gcc-ranlib">gc-ranlib</primary>
407 </indexterm>
408 </listitem>
409 </varlistentry>
410
411 <varlistentry id="gcov">
412 <term><command>gcov</command></term>
413 <listitem>
414 <para>A coverage testing tool; it is used to analyze programs to
415 determine where optimizations will have the most effect</para>
416 <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcov">
417 <primary sortas="b-gcov">gcov</primary>
418 </indexterm>
419 </listitem>
420 </varlistentry>
421
422 <varlistentry id="libasan">
423 <term><command>libasan</command></term>
424 <listitem>
425 <para>The Address Sanitizer runtime library</para>
426 <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libasan">
427 <primary sortas="b-libasan">libasan</primary>
428 </indexterm>
429 </listitem>
430 </varlistentry>
431
432 <varlistentry id="libgcc">
433 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libgcc</filename></term>
434 <listitem>
435 <para>Contains run-time support for <command>gcc</command></para>
436 <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libgcc">
437 <primary sortas="c-libgcc">libgcc</primary>
438 </indexterm>
439 </listitem>
440 </varlistentry>
441
442 <varlistentry id="libgcov">
443 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libgcov</filename></term>
444 <listitem>
445 <para>This library is linked in to a program when GCC is instructed
446 to enable profiling</para>
447 <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libgcov">
448 <primary sortas="c-libgcov">libgcov</primary>
449 </indexterm>
450 </listitem>
451 </varlistentry>
452
453 <varlistentry id="libgomp">
454 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libgomp</filename></term>
455 <listitem>
456 <para>GNU implementation of the OpenMP API for multi-platform
457 shared-memory parallel programming in C/C++ and Fortran</para>
458 <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libgomp">
459 <primary sortas="c-libgomp">libgomp</primary>
460 </indexterm>
461 </listitem>
462 </varlistentry>
463
464 <varlistentry id="libiberty">
465 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libiberty</filename></term>
466 <listitem>
467 <para>Contains routines used by various GNU programs, including
468 <command>getopt</command>, <command>obstack</command>,
469 <command>strerror</command>, <command>strtol</command>, and
470 <command>strtoul</command></para>
471 <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libiberty">
472 <primary sortas="c-libiberty">libiberty</primary>
473 </indexterm>
474 </listitem>
475 </varlistentry>
476
477 <varlistentry id="liblto_plugin">
478 <term><filename class="libraryfile">liblto_plugin</filename></term>
479 <listitem>
480 <para>GCC's Link Time Optimization (LTO) plugin allows GCC to perform
481 optimizations across compilation units</para>
482 <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc liblto_plugin">
483 <primary sortas="c-liblto_plugin">liblto_plugin</primary>
484 </indexterm>
485 </listitem>
486 </varlistentry>
487
488 <varlistentry id="libquadmath">
489 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libquadmath</filename></term>
490 <listitem>
491 <para>GCC Quad Precision Math Library API</para>
492 <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libquadmath">
493 <primary sortas="c-libquadmath">libquadmath</primary>
494 </indexterm>
495 </listitem>
496 </varlistentry>
497
498 <varlistentry id="libssp">
499 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libssp</filename></term>
500 <listitem>
501 <para>Contains routines supporting GCC's stack-smashing protection
502 functionality</para>
503 <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libssp">
504 <primary sortas="c-libssp">libssp</primary>
505 </indexterm>
506 </listitem>
507 </varlistentry>
508
509 <varlistentry id="libstdc">
510 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libstdc++</filename></term>
511 <listitem>
512 <para>The standard C++ library</para>
513 <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libstdc">
514 <primary sortas="c-libstdc++">libstdc++</primary>
515 </indexterm>
516 </listitem>
517 </varlistentry>
518
519 <varlistentry id="libsupc">
520 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsupc++</filename></term>
521 <listitem>
522 <para>Provides supporting routines for the C++ programming
523 language</para>
524 <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libsupc">
525 <primary sortas="c-libsupc++">libsupc++</primary>
526 </indexterm>
527 </listitem>
528 </varlistentry>
529
530 <varlistentry id="libtsan">
531 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libtsan</filename></term>
532 <listitem>
533 <para>The Thread Sanitizer runtime library</para>
534 <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libtsan">
535 <primary sortas="c-libtsan">libtsan</primary>
536 </indexterm>
537 </listitem>
538 </varlistentry>
539
540 </variablelist>
541
542 </sect2>
543
544</sect1>
Note: See TracBrowser for help on using the repository browser.