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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
3 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
4 %general-entities;
5]>
6<sect1 id="ch-system-gcc" role="wrap">
7<title>GCC-&gcc-version;</title>
8<?dbhtml filename="gcc.html"?>
9
10<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc"><primary sortas="a-GCC">GCC</primary></indexterm>
11
12<sect2 role="package"><title/>
13<para>The GCC package contains the GNU compiler collection, which includes
14the C and C++ compilers.</para>
15
16<segmentedlist>
17<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
18<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
19<seglistitem><seg>11.7 SBU</seg><seg>294 MB</seg></seglistitem>
20</segmentedlist>
21
22<segmentedlist>
23<segtitle>GCC installation depends on</segtitle>
24<seglistitem><seg>Bash, Binutils, Coreutils, Diffutils, Findutils,
25Gawk, Gettext, Glibc, Grep, Make, Perl, Sed, and Texinfo</seg></seglistitem>
26</segmentedlist>
27</sect2>
28
29<sect2 role="installation">
30<title>Installation of GCC</title>
31
32<para>This package is known to have issues when its default
33optimization flags (including the <parameter>-march</parameter> and
34<parameter>-mcpu</parameter> options) are changed. If any environment
35variables that override default optimizations have been defined, such
36as <envar>CFLAGS</envar> and <envar>CXXFLAGS</envar>,
37unset them when building GCC.</para>
38
39<para>Apply only the No-Fixincludes patch (not the Specs patch) also
40used in the previous chapter:</para>
41
42<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../gcc-&gcc-version;-no_fixincludes-1.patch</userinput></screen>
43
44<para>GCC fails to compile some packages outside of a base Linux From Scratch
45install (e.g., Mozilla and kdegraphics) when used in conjunction with newer
46versions of Binutils. Apply the following patch to fix this issue:</para>
47
48<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../gcc-&gcc-version;-linkonce-1.patch</userinput></screen>
49
50<para>Apply a sed substitution that will suppress the installation of
51<filename class="libraryfile">libiberty.a</filename>. The version of
52<filename class="libraryfile">libiberty.a</filename> provided by
53Binutils will be used instead:</para>
54
55<screen><userinput>sed -i 's/install_to_$(INSTALL_DEST) //' libiberty/Makefile.in</userinput></screen>
56
57<beginpage/>
58<para>The GCC documentation recommends building GCC outside of the source
59directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
60
61<screen><userinput>mkdir ../gcc-build
62cd ../gcc-build</userinput></screen>
63
64<para>Prepare GCC for compilation:</para>
65
66<screen><userinput>../gcc-&gcc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
67 --libexecdir=/usr/lib --enable-shared \
68 --enable-threads=posix --enable-__cxa_atexit \
69 --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-languages=c,c++</userinput></screen>
70
71<para>Compile the package:</para>
72
73<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
74
75<important><para>In this section, the test suite for GCC is considered
76critical. Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para></important>
77
78<para>Test the results, but do not stop at errors:</para>
79
80<screen><userinput>make -k check</userinput></screen>
81
82<para>Some of the errors are known issues and were noted in the
83previous chapter. The test suite notes from <xref
84linkend="ch-tools-gcc-pass2" role=","/> are still relevant here. Be sure to
85refer back to them as necessary.</para>
86
87<para>Install the package:</para>
88
89<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
90
91<para>Some packages expect the C PreProcessor to be installed in the
92<filename class="directory">/lib</filename> directory.
93To support those packages, create this symlink:</para>
94
95<screen><userinput>ln -s ../usr/bin/cpp /lib</userinput></screen>
96
97<beginpage/>
98<para>Many packages use the name <command>cc</command> to call the C
99compiler. To satisfy those packages, create a symlink:</para>
100
101<screen><userinput>ln -s gcc /usr/bin/cc</userinput></screen>
102
103<note><para>At this point, it is strongly recommended to repeat the
104sanity check performed earlier in this chapter. Refer back to <xref
105linkend="ch-system-readjusting" role=","/> and repeat the check. If the results
106are in error, then the most likely reason is that the GCC Specs patch
107from <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> was erroneously applied
108here.</para></note>
109
110</sect2>
111
112
113<sect2 id="contents-gcc" role="content"><title>Contents of GCC</title>
114
115<segmentedlist>
116<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
117<segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
118<seglistitem><seg>c++, cc (link to gcc), cpp, g++, gcc, gccbug, and
119gcov</seg>
120<seg>libgcc.a, libgcc_eh.a, libgcc_s.so, libstdc++.[a,so], and libsupc++.a</seg></seglistitem>
121</segmentedlist>
122
123<variablelist><bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
124<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
125
126<varlistentry id="cc">
127<term><command>cc</command></term>
128<listitem>
129<para>The C compiler</para>
130<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc cc"><primary sortas="b-cc">cc</primary></indexterm>
131</listitem>
132</varlistentry>
133
134<varlistentry id="cpp">
135<term><command>cpp</command></term>
136<listitem>
137<para>The C preprocessor; it is used by the compiler to expand the
138#include, #define, and similar statements in the source files</para>
139<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc cpp"><primary sortas="b-cpp">cpp</primary></indexterm>
140</listitem>
141</varlistentry>
142
143<varlistentry id="c">
144<term><command>c++</command></term>
145<listitem>
146<para>The C++ compiler</para>
147<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc c"><primary sortas="b-c++">c++</primary></indexterm>
148</listitem>
149</varlistentry>
150
151<varlistentry id="g">
152<term><command>g++</command></term>
153<listitem>
154<para>The C++ compiler</para>
155<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc g"><primary sortas="b-g++">g++</primary></indexterm>
156</listitem>
157</varlistentry>
158
159<varlistentry id="gcc">
160<term><command>gcc</command></term>
161<listitem>
162<para>The C compiler</para>
163<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc"><primary sortas="b-gcc">gcc</primary></indexterm>
164</listitem>
165</varlistentry>
166
167<varlistentry id="gccbug">
168<term><command>gccbug</command></term>
169<listitem>
170<para>A shell script used to help create useful bug reports</para>
171<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gccbug"><primary sortas="b-gccbug">gccbug</primary></indexterm>
172</listitem>
173</varlistentry>
174
175<varlistentry id="gcov">
176<term><command>gcov</command></term>
177<listitem>
178<para>A coverage testing tool; it is used to analyze programs to
179determine where optimizations will have the most effect</para>
180<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcov"><primary sortas="b-gcov">gcov</primary></indexterm>
181</listitem>
182</varlistentry>
183
184<varlistentry id="libgcc">
185<term><filename class="libraryfile">libgcc</filename></term>
186<listitem>
187<para>Contains run-time support for <command>gcc</command></para>
188<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libgcc"><primary sortas="c-libgcc*">libgcc*</primary></indexterm>
189</listitem>
190</varlistentry>
191
192<varlistentry id="libstdc">
193<term><filename class="libraryfile">libstdc++</filename></term>
194<listitem>
195<para>The standard C++ library</para>
196<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libstdc"><primary sortas="c-libstdc++">libstdc++</primary></indexterm>
197</listitem>
198</varlistentry>
199
200<varlistentry id="libsupc">
201<term><filename class="libraryfile">libsupc++</filename></term>
202<listitem>
203<para>Provides supporting routines for the C++ programming language</para>
204<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libsupc"><primary sortas="c-libsupc++">libsupc++</primary></indexterm>
205</listitem>
206</varlistentry>
207</variablelist>
208
209</sect2>
210
211</sect1>
212
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