source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ 7f5a3b8

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Last change on this file since 7f5a3b8 was 7f5a3b8, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 7 years ago

Remove unneeded options from glibc

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@11287 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note><para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
47 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
48 pointing to <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
49 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
50 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
51 of achieving a clean build.</para></note>
52
53 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use non-FHS compilant
54 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
55 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
56 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
57
58<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
59
60 <para>First create a compatibility symlink to avoid references to /tools in
61 our final glibc:</para>
62
63<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sfv /tools/lib/gcc /usr/lib</userinput></screen>
64
65 <para>Determine the GCC include directory and create a symlink for LSB
66 compliance. Additionally, for x86_64, create a compatibility symlink
67 required for the dynamic loader to function correctly:</para>
68
69<screen><userinput remap="pre">case $(uname -m) in
70 i?86) GCC_INCDIR=/usr/lib/gcc/$(uname -m)-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include
71 ln -sfv ld-linux.so.2 /lib/ld-lsb.so.3
72 ;;
73 x86_64) GCC_INCDIR=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include
74 ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib64
75 ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib64/ld-lsb-x86-64.so.3
76 ;;
77esac</userinput></screen>
78
79 <para>Remove a file that may be left over from a previous build attempt:
80 </para>
81
82<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -f /usr/include/limits.h</userinput></screen>
83
84 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
85 in a dedicated build directory:</para>
86
87<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
88cd build</userinput></screen>
89
90 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
91
92<screen><userinput remap="configure">CC="gcc -isystem $GCC_INCDIR -isystem /usr/include" \
93../configure --prefix=/usr \
94 --disable-werror \
95 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
96 --enable-stack-protector=strong \
97 libc_cv_slibdir=/lib
98unset GCC_INCDIR</userinput></screen>
99
100 <variablelist>
101 <title>The meaning of the options and new configure parameters:</title>
102
103 <varlistentry>
104 <term><parameter>CC="gcc -isystem $GCC_INCDIR -isystem /usr/include"</parameter></term>
105 <listitem>
106 <para>Setting the location of both gcc and system include directories
107 avoids introduction of invalid paths in debugging symbols.</para>
108 </listitem>
109 </varlistentry>
110
111 <varlistentry>
112 <term><parameter>--disable-werror</parameter></term>
113 <listitem>
114 <para>This option disables the -Werror option passed to
115 GCC. This is necessary for running the test suite.</para>
116 </listitem>
117 </varlistentry>
118
119 <varlistentry>
120 <term><parameter>--enable-stack-protector=strong</parameter></term>
121 <listitem>
122 <para>This option increases system security by adding a known canary
123 (a random integer) to the stack during a function preamble, and checks
124 it when the function returns. If it changed, there was a stack
125 overflow, and the program aborts.</para>
126 </listitem>
127 </varlistentry>
128
129 <varlistentry>
130 <term><parameter>libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</parameter></term>
131 <listitem>
132 <para>This variable sets the correct library for all
133 systems. We do not want lib64 to be used.</para>
134 </listitem>
135 </varlistentry>
136
137 </variablelist>
138
139 <para>Compile the package:</para>
140
141<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
142
143 <important>
144 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
145 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
146 </important>
147
148 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass, but you can generally ignore
149 any of the test failures listed below. Now test the build results:</para>
150
151<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
152
153 <para>You may see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
154 somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most common
155 issues seen for some versions of LFS:</para>
156
157 <itemizedlist>
158
159 <listitem>
160 <para><emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4</emphasis> and
161 <emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo5</emphasis>
162 may fail on some architectures.</para>
163 </listitem>
164
165 <listitem>
166 <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer1</emphasis> and
167 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis> tests have been known to
168 fail. The reason is not completely understood, but indications are
169 that minor timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
170 </listitem>
171
172 <listitem>
173 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
174 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or
175 AMD processor.</para>
176 </listitem>
177
178 <listitem>
179 <para>The
180 <emphasis>nptl/tst-thread-affinity-{pthread,pthread2,sched}</emphasis>
181 tests may fail for reasons that have not been determined. </para>
182 </listitem>
183
184 <listitem>
185 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are
186 malloc/tst-malloc-usable and nptl/tst-cleanupx4. </para>
187 </listitem>
188
189 </itemizedlist>
190
191 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
192 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
193 Prevent this warning with:</para>
194
195<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
196
197 <para>Fix the generated Makefile to skip an uneeded sanity check
198 that fails in the LFS partial environment:
199 </para>
200
201<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile</userinput></screen>
202
203 <para>Install the package:</para>
204
205<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
206
207 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
208 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
209
210<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
211mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
212
213 <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
214 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
215
216 <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
217install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
218
219 <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
220 different language. None of the locales are required, but if some of them
221 are missing, the test suites of future packages would skip important
222 testcases.</para>
223
224 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
225 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
226 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
227 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
228 charset-independent locale definition with the
229 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
230 charmap definition and appends the result to the
231 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
232 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
233 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
234
235<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
236localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
237localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
238localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
239localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
240localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
241localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
242localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
243localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
244localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
245localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
246localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
247localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
248localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
249localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
250localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
251localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
252localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
253localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
254localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
255localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
256localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
257
258 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
259 character set.</para>
260
261 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
262 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
263 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
264 following time-consuming command:</para>
265
266<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
267
268 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
269 install locales not listed in the
270 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
271 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
272
273 </sect2>
274
275 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
276 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
277
278 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
279 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
280 </indexterm>
281
282 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
283 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
284 </indexterm>
285
286 <sect3>
287 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
288
289 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
290 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
291 </para>
292
293 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
294 following:</para>
295
296<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
297<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
298
299passwd: files
300group: files
301shadow: files
302
303hosts: files dns
304networks: files
305
306protocols: files
307services: files
308ethers: files
309rpc: files
310
311# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
312EOF</userinput></screen>
313
314 </sect3>
315
316 <sect3>
317 <title>Adding time zone data</title>
318
319 <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
320<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
321
322ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
323mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
324
325for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
326 asia australasia backward pacificnew systemv; do
327 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
328 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
329 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
330done
331
332cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
333zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
334unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
335
336 <variablelist>
337 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
338
339 <varlistentry>
340 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
341 <listitem>
342 <para>This creates posix time zones, without any leap seconds. It is
343 conventional to put these in both
344 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
345 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
346 necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
347 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
348 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
349 tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
350 1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
351 directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
352 failures.</para>
353 </listitem>
354 </varlistentry>
355 <varlistentry>
356 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
357 <listitem>
358 <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
359 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
360 ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
361 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
362 directory.</para>
363 </listitem>
364 </varlistentry>
365 <varlistentry>
366 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
367 <listitem>
368 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
369 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
370 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
371 </listitem>
372 </varlistentry>
373 </variablelist>
374
375
376 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
377 script:</para>
378
379<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
380
381 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
382 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
383 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
384 time zones listed in <filename
385 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
386 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
387 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
388
389 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
390 running:</para>
391
392<screen revision="sysv"><userinput>cp -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
393
394<screen revision="systemd"><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
395
396 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
397 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
398
399 </sect3>
400
401 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
402 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
403
404 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
405 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
406 </indexterm>
407
408 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
409 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
410 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
411 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
412 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
413 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
414 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
415 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
416 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
417 to contain additional libraries are <filename
418 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
419 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
420 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
421
422 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
423 following:</para>
424
425<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
426<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
427/usr/local/lib
428/opt/lib
429</literal>
430EOF</userinput></screen>
431
432 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
433 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
434 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
435 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
436
437<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
438<literal># Add an include directory
439include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
440</literal>
441EOF
442mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
443
444 </sect3>
445 </sect2>
446
447 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
448 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
449
450 <segmentedlist>
451 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
452 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
453 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
454
455 <seglistitem>
456 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
457 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
458 pldd, rpcgen, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
459 zdump, and zic</seg>
460 <seg>ld-&glibc-version;.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
461 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
462 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
463 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
464 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
465 libnss_nisplus.so, libpthread.{a,so},
466 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
467 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
468 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
469 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
470 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
471 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
472 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
473 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
474 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
475 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
476 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
477 </seglistitem>
478 </segmentedlist>
479
480 <variablelist>
481 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
482 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
483 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
484
485 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
486 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
487 <listitem>
488 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
489 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
490 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
491 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
492 </indexterm>
493 </listitem>
494 </varlistentry>
495
496 <varlistentry id="gencat">
497 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
498 <listitem>
499 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
500 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
501 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
502 </indexterm>
503 </listitem>
504 </varlistentry>
505
506 <varlistentry id="getconf">
507 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
508 <listitem>
509 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
510 specific variables</para>
511 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
512 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
513 </indexterm>
514 </listitem>
515 </varlistentry>
516
517 <varlistentry id="getent">
518 <term><command>getent</command></term>
519 <listitem>
520 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
521 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
522 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
523 </indexterm>
524 </listitem>
525 </varlistentry>
526
527 <varlistentry id="iconv">
528 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
529 <listitem>
530 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
531 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
532 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
533 </indexterm>
534 </listitem>
535 </varlistentry>
536
537 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
538 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
539 <listitem>
540 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
541 files</para>
542 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
543 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
544 </indexterm>
545 </listitem>
546 </varlistentry>
547
548 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
549 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
550 <listitem>
551 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
552 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
553 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
554 </indexterm>
555 </listitem>
556 </varlistentry>
557
558 <varlistentry id="ldd">
559 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
560 <listitem>
561 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
562 by each given program or shared library</para>
563 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
564 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
565 </indexterm>
566 </listitem>
567 </varlistentry>
568
569 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
570 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
571 <listitem>
572 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
573 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
574 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
575 </indexterm>
576 </listitem>
577 </varlistentry>
578
579 <varlistentry id="locale">
580 <term><command>locale</command></term>
581 <listitem>
582 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
583 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
584 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
585 </indexterm>
586 </listitem>
587 </varlistentry>
588
589 <varlistentry id="localedef">
590 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
591 <listitem>
592 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
593 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
594 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
595 </indexterm>
596 </listitem>
597 </varlistentry>
598
599 <varlistentry id="makedb">
600 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
601 <listitem>
602 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
603 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
604 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
605 </indexterm>
606 </listitem>
607 </varlistentry>
608
609 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
610 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
611 <listitem>
612 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
613 in human-readable format</para>
614 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
615 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
616 </indexterm>
617 </listitem>
618 </varlistentry>
619
620 <varlistentry id="nscd">
621 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
622 <listitem>
623 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
624 service requests</para>
625 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
626 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
627 </indexterm>
628 </listitem>
629 </varlistentry>
630
631 <varlistentry id="pldd">
632 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
633 <listitem>
634 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
635 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
636 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
637 </indexterm>
638 </listitem>
639 </varlistentry>
640
641 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
642 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
643 <listitem>
644 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
645 protocol</para>
646 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
647 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
648 </indexterm>
649 </listitem>
650 </varlistentry>
651
652 <varlistentry id="sln">
653 <term><command>sln</command></term>
654 <listitem>
655 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
656 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
657 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
658 </indexterm>
659 </listitem>
660 </varlistentry>
661
662 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
663 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
664 <listitem>
665 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
666 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
667 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
668 </indexterm>
669 </listitem>
670 </varlistentry>
671
672 <varlistentry id="sprof">
673 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
674 <listitem>
675 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
676 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
677 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
678 </indexterm>
679 </listitem>
680 </varlistentry>
681
682 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
683 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
684 <listitem>
685 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
686 the corresponding time zone description</para>
687 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
688 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
689 </indexterm>
690 </listitem>
691 </varlistentry>
692
693 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
694 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
695 <listitem>
696 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
697 executed function</para>
698 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
699 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
700 </indexterm>
701 </listitem>
702 </varlistentry>
703
704 <varlistentry id="zdump">
705 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
706 <listitem>
707 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
708 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
709 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
710 </indexterm>
711 </listitem>
712 </varlistentry>
713
714 <varlistentry id="zic">
715 <term><command>zic</command></term>
716 <listitem>
717 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
718 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
719 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
720 </indexterm>
721 </listitem>
722 </varlistentry>
723
724 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
725 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-&glibc-version;.so</filename></term>
726 <listitem>
727 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
728 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
729 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
730 </indexterm>
731 </listitem>
732 </varlistentry>
733
734 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
735 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
736 <listitem>
737 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
738 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
739 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
740 for more information</para>
741 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
742 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
743 </indexterm>
744 </listitem>
745 </varlistentry>
746
747 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
748 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
749 <listitem>
750 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
751 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
752 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
753 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
754 </indexterm>
755 </listitem>
756 </varlistentry>
757
758 <varlistentry id="libanl">
759 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
760 <listitem>
761 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
762 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
763 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
764 </indexterm>
765 </listitem>
766 </varlistentry>
767
768 <varlistentry id="libc">
769 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
770 <listitem>
771 <para>The main C library</para>
772 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
773 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
774 </indexterm>
775 </listitem>
776 </varlistentry>
777
778 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
779 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
780 <listitem>
781 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
782 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
783 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
784 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
785 </indexterm>
786 </listitem>
787 </varlistentry>
788
789 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
790 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
791 <listitem>
792 <para>The cryptography library</para>
793 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
794 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
795 </indexterm>
796 </listitem>
797 </varlistentry>
798
799 <varlistentry id="libdl">
800 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
801 <listitem>
802 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
803 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
804 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
805 </indexterm>
806 </listitem>
807 </varlistentry>
808
809 <varlistentry id="libg">
810 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
811 <listitem>
812 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
813 library for <command>g++</command></para>
814 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
815 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
816 </indexterm>
817 </listitem>
818 </varlistentry>
819
820 <varlistentry id="libieee">
821 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
822 <listitem>
823 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
824 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
825 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
826 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
827 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
828 </indexterm>
829 </listitem>
830 </varlistentry>
831
832 <varlistentry id="libm">
833 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
834 <listitem>
835 <para>The mathematical library</para>
836 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
837 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
838 </indexterm>
839 </listitem>
840 </varlistentry>
841
842 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
843 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
844 <listitem>
845 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
846 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
847 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
848 </indexterm>
849 </listitem>
850 </varlistentry>
851
852 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
853 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
854 <listitem>
855 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
856 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
857 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
858 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
859 </indexterm>
860 </listitem>
861 </varlistentry>
862
863 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
864 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
865 <listitem>
866 <para>The network services library</para>
867 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
868 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
869 </indexterm>
870 </listitem>
871 </varlistentry>
872
873 <varlistentry id="libnss">
874 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
875 <listitem>
876 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
877 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
878 protocols, etc.</para>
879 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
880 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
881 </indexterm>
882 </listitem>
883 </varlistentry>
884
885 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
886 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
887 <listitem>
888 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
889 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
890 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
891 </indexterm>
892 </listitem>
893 </varlistentry>
894
895 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
896 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
897 <listitem>
898 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
899 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
900 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
901 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
902 </indexterm>
903 </listitem>
904 </varlistentry>
905
906 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
907 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
908 <listitem>
909 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
910 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
911 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
912 </indexterm>
913 </listitem>
914 </varlistentry>
915
916 <varlistentry id="librt">
917 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
918 <listitem>
919 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
920 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
921 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
922 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
923 </indexterm>
924 </listitem>
925 </varlistentry>
926
927 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
928 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
929 <listitem>
930 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
931 multi-threaded programs</para>
932 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
933 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
934 </indexterm>
935 </listitem>
936 </varlistentry>
937
938 <varlistentry id="libutil">
939 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
940 <listitem>
941 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
942 many different Unix utilities</para>
943 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
944 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
945 </indexterm>
946 </listitem>
947 </varlistentry>
948
949 </variablelist>
950
951 </sect2>
952
953</sect1>
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