source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ 8eb3fe4

multilib-10.1
Last change on this file since 8eb3fe4 was 8eb3fe4, checked in by Thomas Trepl <thomas@…>, 5 years ago

First apply of multilib-patch of April 1st, 2019

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/branches/multilib@11566 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note><para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
47 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
48 pointing to <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
49 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
50 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
51 of achieving a clean build.</para></note>
52
53 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use the non-FHS compilant
54 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
55 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
56 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
57
58<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
59<!--
60 <para>Fix a minor security issue with glob functions:</para>
61
62<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-glob-patch;</userinput></screen>
63--><!--
64 <para>First create a compatibility symlink to avoid references to /tools in
65 our final glibc:</para>
66
67<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sfv /tools/lib/gcc /usr/lib</userinput></screen>
68-->
69 <para>Create a symlink for LSB
70 compliance. Additionally, for x86_64, create a compatibility symlink
71 required for the dynamic loader to function correctly:</para>
72
73<screen><userinput remap="pre">case $(uname -m) in
74 i?86) ln -sfv ld-linux.so.2 /lib/ld-lsb.so.3
75 ;;
76 x86_64) ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib64
77 ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib64/ld-lsb-x86-64.so.3
78 ;;
79esac</userinput></screen>
80<!--
81 <para>Remove a file that may be left over from a previous build attempt:
82 </para>
83
84<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -f /usr/include/limits.h</userinput></screen>
85-->
86 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
87 in a dedicated build directory:</para>
88
89<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
90cd build</userinput></screen>
91
92 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
93
94<screen><userinput remap="configure">CC="gcc -ffile-prefix-map=/tools=/usr" \
95../configure --prefix=/usr \
96 --disable-werror \
97 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
98 --enable-stack-protector=strong \
99 --with-headers=/usr/include \
100 libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</userinput></screen>
101
102 <variablelist>
103 <title>The meaning of the options and new configure parameters:</title>
104
105 <varlistentry>
106 <term><parameter>CC="gcc -ffile-prefix-map=/tools=/usr"</parameter></term>
107 <listitem>
108 <para>Make GCC record any references to files in /tools in result
109 of the compilation as if the files resided in /usr. This avoids
110 introduction of invalid paths in debugging symbols.</para>
111 </listitem>
112 </varlistentry>
113
114 <varlistentry>
115 <term><parameter>--disable-werror</parameter></term>
116 <listitem>
117 <para>This option disables the -Werror option passed to
118 GCC. This is necessary for running the test suite.</para>
119 </listitem>
120 </varlistentry>
121
122 <varlistentry>
123 <term><parameter>--enable-stack-protector=strong</parameter></term>
124 <listitem>
125 <para>This option increases system security by adding
126 extra code to check for buffer overflows, such as stack
127 smashing attacks.</para>
128 </listitem>
129 </varlistentry>
130
131 <varlistentry>
132 <term><parameter>libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</parameter></term>
133 <listitem>
134 <para>This variable sets the correct library for all
135 systems. We do not want lib64 to be used.</para>
136 </listitem>
137 </varlistentry>
138
139 </variablelist>
140
141 <para>Compile the package:</para>
142
143<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
144
145 <important>
146 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
147 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
148 </important>
149
150 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below
151 are usually safe to ignore.</para>
152
153<!-- Use remap="make" here to work around a jhalfs issue. -->
154<screen><userinput remap="make">case $(uname -m) in
155 i?86) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux.so.2 /lib ;;
156 x86_64) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib ;;
157esac</userinput></screen>
158
159 <note><para>The symbolic link above is needed to run the tests at this
160 stage of building in the chroot envirnment. It will be overwritten
161 in the install phase below.</para></note>
162
163<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
164
165 <para>You may see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
166 somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most common
167 issues seen for some versions of LFS:</para>
168
169 <itemizedlist>
170
171 <listitem>
172 <para><emphasis>misc/tst-ttyname</emphasis>
173 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
174 </listitem>
175
176 <listitem>
177 <para><emphasis>inet/tst-idna_name_classify</emphasis>
178 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
179 </listitem>
180
181 <listitem>
182 <para><emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4</emphasis> and
183 <emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo5</emphasis>
184 may fail on some architectures.</para>
185 </listitem>
186
187 <listitem>
188 <para>The <emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-multi</emphasis>
189 test may fail for reasons that have not been determined.</para>
190 </listitem>
191
192 <listitem>
193 <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer{1,2,3}</emphasis> tests depend on
194 the host system kernel. Kernels 4.14.91&ndash;4.14.96,
195 4.19.13&ndash;4.19.18, and 4.20.0&ndash;4.20.5 are known to
196 cause these tests to fail.
197 </para>
198 </listitem>
199
200 <listitem>
201 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
202 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or
203 AMD processor.</para>
204 </listitem>
205<!--
206 <listitem>
207 <para>The
208 <emphasis>nptl/tst-thread-affinity-{pthread,pthread2,sched}</emphasis>
209 tests may fail for reasons that have not been determined. </para>
210 </listitem>
211
212 <listitem>
213 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are
214 malloc/tst-malloc-usable and nptl/tst-cleanupx4. </para>
215 </listitem>
216-->
217 </itemizedlist>
218
219 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
220 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
221 Prevent this warning with:</para>
222
223<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
224
225 <para>Fix the generated Makefile to skip an unneeded sanity check
226 that fails in the LFS partial environment:
227 </para>
228
229<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile</userinput></screen>
230
231 <para>Install the package:</para>
232
233<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
234
235 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
236 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
237
238<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
239mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
240
241 <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
242 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
243
244 <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
245install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
246
247 <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
248 different language. None of the locales are required, but if some of them
249 are missing, the test suites of future packages would skip important
250 testcases.</para>
251
252 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
253 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
254 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
255 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
256 charset-independent locale definition with the
257 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
258 charmap definition and appends the result to the
259 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
260 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
261 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
262
263<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
264localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true
265localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
266localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
267localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
268localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
269localedef -i el_GR -f ISO-8859-7 el_GR
270localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
271localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
272localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
273localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
274localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
275localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
276localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
277localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
278localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
279localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
280localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
281localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
282localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
283localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SIJS 2> /dev/null || true
284localedef -i ja_JP -f UTF-8 ja_JP.UTF-8
285localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
286localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
287localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
288localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030
289localedef -i zh_HK -f BIG5-HKSCS zh_HK.BIG5-HKSCS</userinput></screen>
290
291 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
292 character set.</para>
293
294 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
295 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
296 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
297 following time-consuming command:</para>
298
299<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
300
301 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
302 install locales not listed in the
303 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
304 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
305
306 <note><para>Glibc now uses libidn2 when resolving internationalized
307 domain names. This is a run time dependency. If this capability
308 is needed, the instructions for installing libidn2 are in the
309 <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/libidn2.html">BLFS libidn2 page</ulink>.
310 </para></note>
311
312 </sect2>
313
314 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
315 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
316
317 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
318 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
319 </indexterm>
320
321 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
322 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
323 </indexterm>
324
325 <sect3>
326 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
327
328 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
329 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
330 </para>
331
332 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
333 following:</para>
334
335<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
336<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
337
338passwd: files
339group: files
340shadow: files
341
342hosts: files dns
343networks: files
344
345protocols: files
346services: files
347ethers: files
348rpc: files
349
350# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
351EOF</userinput></screen>
352
353 </sect3>
354
355 <sect3>
356 <title>Adding time zone data</title>
357
358 <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
359<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
360
361ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
362mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
363
364for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
365 asia australasia backward pacificnew systemv; do
366 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO ${tz}
367 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix ${tz}
368 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right ${tz}
369done
370
371cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
372zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
373unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
374
375 <variablelist>
376 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
377
378 <varlistentry>
379 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
380 <listitem>
381 <para>This creates posix time zones, without any leap seconds. It is
382 conventional to put these in both
383 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
384 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
385 necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
386 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
387 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
388 tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
389 1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
390 directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
391 failures.</para>
392 </listitem>
393 </varlistentry>
394 <varlistentry>
395 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
396 <listitem>
397 <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
398 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
399 ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
400 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
401 directory.</para>
402 </listitem>
403 </varlistentry>
404 <varlistentry>
405 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
406 <listitem>
407 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
408 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
409 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
410 </listitem>
411 </varlistentry>
412 </variablelist>
413
414
415 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
416 script:</para>
417
418<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
419
420 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
421 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
422 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
423 time zones listed in <filename
424 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
425 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
426 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
427
428 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
429 running:</para>
430
431<screen revision="sysv"><userinput>cp -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
432
433<screen revision="systemd"><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
434
435 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
436 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
437
438 </sect3>
439
440 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
441 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
442
443 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
444 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
445 </indexterm>
446
447 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
448 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
449 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
450 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
451 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
452 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
453 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
454 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
455 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
456 to contain additional libraries are <filename
457 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
458 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
459 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
460
461 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
462 following:</para>
463
464<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
465<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
466/usr/local/lib
467/opt/lib
468</literal>
469EOF</userinput></screen>
470
471 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
472 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
473 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
474 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
475
476<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
477<literal># Add an include directory
478include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
479</literal>
480EOF
481mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
482
483 </sect3>
484 </sect2>
485
486 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
487 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
488
489 <segmentedlist>
490 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
491 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
492 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
493
494 <seglistitem>
495 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
496 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
497 pcprofiledump, pldd, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
498 zdump, and zic</seg>
499 <seg>ld-&glibc-version;.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
500 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a,
501 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libm.{a,so},
502 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libmvec.{a,so}, libnsl.{a,so},
503 libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
504 libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
505 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librt.{a,so},
506 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
507 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
508 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
509 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
510 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
511 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
512 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc,
513 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
514 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
515 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
516 </seglistitem>
517 </segmentedlist>
518
519 <variablelist>
520 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
521 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
522 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
523
524 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
525 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
526 <listitem>
527 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
528 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
529 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
530 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
531 </indexterm>
532 </listitem>
533 </varlistentry>
534
535 <varlistentry id="gencat">
536 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
537 <listitem>
538 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
539 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
540 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
541 </indexterm>
542 </listitem>
543 </varlistentry>
544
545 <varlistentry id="getconf">
546 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
547 <listitem>
548 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
549 specific variables</para>
550 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
551 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
552 </indexterm>
553 </listitem>
554 </varlistentry>
555
556 <varlistentry id="getent">
557 <term><command>getent</command></term>
558 <listitem>
559 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
560 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
561 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
562 </indexterm>
563 </listitem>
564 </varlistentry>
565
566 <varlistentry id="iconv">
567 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
568 <listitem>
569 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
570 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
571 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
572 </indexterm>
573 </listitem>
574 </varlistentry>
575
576 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
577 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
578 <listitem>
579 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
580 files</para>
581 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
582 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
583 </indexterm>
584 </listitem>
585 </varlistentry>
586
587 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
588 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
589 <listitem>
590 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
591 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
592 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
593 </indexterm>
594 </listitem>
595 </varlistentry>
596
597 <varlistentry id="ldd">
598 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
599 <listitem>
600 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
601 by each given program or shared library</para>
602 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
603 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
604 </indexterm>
605 </listitem>
606 </varlistentry>
607
608 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
609 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
610 <listitem>
611 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
612 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
613 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
614 </indexterm>
615 </listitem>
616 </varlistentry>
617
618 <varlistentry id="locale">
619 <term><command>locale</command></term>
620 <listitem>
621 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
622 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
623 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
624 </indexterm>
625 </listitem>
626 </varlistentry>
627
628 <varlistentry id="localedef">
629 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
630 <listitem>
631 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
632 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
633 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
634 </indexterm>
635 </listitem>
636 </varlistentry>
637
638 <varlistentry id="makedb">
639 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
640 <listitem>
641 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
642 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
643 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
644 </indexterm>
645 </listitem>
646 </varlistentry>
647
648 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
649 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
650 <listitem>
651 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
652 in human-readable format</para>
653 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
654 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
655 </indexterm>
656 </listitem>
657 </varlistentry>
658
659 <varlistentry id="nscd">
660 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
661 <listitem>
662 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
663 service requests</para>
664 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
665 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
666 </indexterm>
667 </listitem>
668 </varlistentry>
669
670 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
671 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
672 <listitem>
673 <para>Dump information generated by PC profiling</para>
674 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
675 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
676 </indexterm>
677 </listitem>
678 </varlistentry>
679
680 <varlistentry id="pldd">
681 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
682 <listitem>
683 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
684 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
685 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
686 </indexterm>
687 </listitem>
688 </varlistentry>
689
690 <varlistentry id="sln">
691 <term><command>sln</command></term>
692 <listitem>
693 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
694 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
695 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
696 </indexterm>
697 </listitem>
698 </varlistentry>
699
700 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
701 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
702 <listitem>
703 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
704 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
705 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
706 </indexterm>
707 </listitem>
708 </varlistentry>
709
710 <varlistentry id="sprof">
711 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
712 <listitem>
713 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
714 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
715 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
716 </indexterm>
717 </listitem>
718 </varlistentry>
719
720 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
721 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
722 <listitem>
723 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
724 the corresponding time zone description</para>
725 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
726 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
727 </indexterm>
728 </listitem>
729 </varlistentry>
730
731 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
732 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
733 <listitem>
734 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
735 executed function</para>
736 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
737 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
738 </indexterm>
739 </listitem>
740 </varlistentry>
741
742 <varlistentry id="zdump">
743 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
744 <listitem>
745 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
746 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
747 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
748 </indexterm>
749 </listitem>
750 </varlistentry>
751
752 <varlistentry id="zic">
753 <term><command>zic</command></term>
754 <listitem>
755 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
756 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
757 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
758 </indexterm>
759 </listitem>
760 </varlistentry>
761
762 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
763 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-&glibc-version;.so</filename></term>
764 <listitem>
765 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
766 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
767 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
768 </indexterm>
769 </listitem>
770 </varlistentry>
771
772 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
773 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
774 <listitem>
775 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
776 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
777 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
778 for more information</para>
779 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
780 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
781 </indexterm>
782 </listitem>
783 </varlistentry>
784
785 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
786 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
787 <listitem>
788 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
789 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
790 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
791 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
792 </indexterm>
793 </listitem>
794 </varlistentry>
795
796 <varlistentry id="libanl">
797 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
798 <listitem>
799 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
800 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
801 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
802 </indexterm>
803 </listitem>
804 </varlistentry>
805
806 <varlistentry id="libc">
807 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
808 <listitem>
809 <para>The main C library</para>
810 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
811 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
812 </indexterm>
813 </listitem>
814 </varlistentry>
815
816 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
817 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
818 <listitem>
819 <para>The cryptography library</para>
820 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
821 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
822 </indexterm>
823 </listitem>
824 </varlistentry>
825
826 <varlistentry id="libdl">
827 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
828 <listitem>
829 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
830 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
831 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
832 </indexterm>
833 </listitem>
834 </varlistentry>
835
836 <varlistentry id="libg">
837 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
838 <listitem>
839 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
840 library for <command>g++</command></para>
841 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
842 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
843 </indexterm>
844 </listitem>
845 </varlistentry>
846
847 <varlistentry id="libm">
848 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
849 <listitem>
850 <para>The mathematical library</para>
851 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
852 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
853 </indexterm>
854 </listitem>
855 </varlistentry>
856
857 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
858 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
859 <listitem>
860 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
861 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
862 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
863 </indexterm>
864 </listitem>
865 </varlistentry>
866
867 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
868 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
869 <listitem>
870 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
871 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
872 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
873 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
874 </indexterm>
875 </listitem>
876 </varlistentry>
877
878 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
879 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
880 <listitem>
881 <para>The network services library</para>
882 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
883 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
884 </indexterm>
885 </listitem>
886 </varlistentry>
887
888 <varlistentry id="libnss">
889 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
890 <listitem>
891 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
892 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
893 protocols, etc.</para>
894 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
895 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
896 </indexterm>
897 </listitem>
898 </varlistentry>
899
900 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
901 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
902 <listitem>
903 <para>Can be preloaded to PC profile an executable</para>
904 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
905 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
906 </indexterm>
907 </listitem>
908 </varlistentry>
909
910 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
911 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
912 <listitem>
913 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
914 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
915 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
916 </indexterm>
917 </listitem>
918 </varlistentry>
919
920 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
921 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
922 <listitem>
923 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
924 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
925 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
926 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
927 </indexterm>
928 </listitem>
929 </varlistentry>
930
931 <varlistentry id="librt">
932 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
933 <listitem>
934 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
935 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
936 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
937 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
938 </indexterm>
939 </listitem>
940 </varlistentry>
941
942 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
943 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
944 <listitem>
945 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
946 multi-threaded programs</para>
947 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
948 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
949 </indexterm>
950 </listitem>
951 </varlistentry>
952
953 <varlistentry id="libutil">
954 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
955 <listitem>
956 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
957 many different Unix utilities</para>
958 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
959 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
960 </indexterm>
961 </listitem>
962 </varlistentry>
963
964 </variablelist>
965
966 </sect2>
967
968</sect1>
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