source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ b0424f7

7.9-systemd
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note>
47 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
48 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
49 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
50 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
51 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
52 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
53 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
54 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
55 </note>
56 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use non-FHS compilant
57 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
58 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
59 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
60
61<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
62 <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
63 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
64 pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
65 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
66 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
67 of achieving a clean build.</para>
68<!--
69 <para>Now fix a build problem that affects i386 systems:</para>
70
71<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-upstream-patch;</userinput></screen>
72
73 <para>The most recent stable version of Glibc does not handle large files
74 correctly. Fix the problem with this patch:</para>
75
76<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-largefile-patch;</userinput></screen>
77
78 <para>Finally, update some recent changes from the upstream repository:</para>
79
80<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-upstream-patch2;</userinput></screen>
81-->
82 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
83 in a dedicated build directory:</para>
84
85<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
86cd build</userinput></screen>
87
88 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
89
90<screen><userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \
91 --disable-profile \
92 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
93 --enable-obsolete-rpc</userinput></screen>
94
95 <para>Compile the package:</para>
96
97<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
98
99 <important>
100 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
101 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
102 </important>
103
104 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass, but you can generally ignore
105 any of the test failures listed below. Now test the build results:</para>
106
107<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
108
109 <para>You will probably see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
110 somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most common
111 issues seen for this version of LFS:</para>
112
113 <itemizedlist>
114
115 <listitem>
116 <para><emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4</emphasis> and
117 <emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo5</emphasis> will always fail due
118 to not having the necessary networking applications when the tests are
119 run.</para>
120 </listitem>
121
122 <listitem>
123 <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer1</emphasis> and
124 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis> tests have been known to
125 fail. The reason is not completely understood, but indications are
126 that minor timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
127 </listitem>
128
129 <listitem>
130 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
131 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or
132 AMD processor.</para>
133 </listitem>
134<!--
135 <listitem>
136 <para>The <emphasis>elf/tst-protected1b</emphasis> and
137 <emphasis>elf/tst-protected1b</emphasis> tests are known to
138 fail with the current stable version of binutils.</para>
139 </listitem>
140-->
141 <listitem>
142 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are
143 malloc/tst-malloc-usable and nptl/tst-cleanupx4. </para>
144 </listitem>
145
146 </itemizedlist>
147
148 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
149 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
150 Prevent this warning with:</para>
151
152<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
153
154 <para>Install the package:</para>
155
156<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
157
158 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
159 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
160
161<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
162mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
163
164 <para>Install the systemd support files for <command>nscd</command>:</para>
165
166<screen><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
167install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
168
169 <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
170 were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
171 but if some of them are missing, test suites of the future packages would
172 skip important testcases.</para>
173
174 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
175 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
176 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
177 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
178 charset-independent locale definition with the
179 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
180 charmap definition and appends the result to the
181 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
182 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
183 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
184
185<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
186localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
187localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
188localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
189localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
190localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
191localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
192localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
193localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
194localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
195localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
196localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
197localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
198localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
199localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
200localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
201localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
202localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
203localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
204localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
205localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
206localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
207
208 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
209 character set.</para>
210
211 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
212 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
213 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
214 following time-consuming command:</para>
215
216<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
217
218 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
219 install locales not listed in the
220 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
221 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
222
223 </sect2>
224
225 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
226 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
227
228 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
229 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
230 </indexterm>
231
232 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
233 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
234 </indexterm>
235
236 <sect3>
237 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
238
239 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
240 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
241 </para>
242
243 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
244 following:</para>
245
246<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
247<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
248
249passwd: files
250group: files
251shadow: files
252
253hosts: files dns myhostname
254networks: files
255
256protocols: files
257services: files
258ethers: files
259rpc: files
260
261# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
262EOF</userinput></screen>
263
264 </sect3>
265
266 <sect3>
267 <title>Adding time zone data</title>
268
269 <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
270<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
271
272ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
273mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
274
275for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
276 asia australasia backward pacificnew systemv; do
277 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
278 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
279 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
280done
281
282cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
283zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
284unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
285
286 <variablelist>
287 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
288
289 <varlistentry>
290 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
291 <listitem>
292 <para>This creates posix time zones, without any leap seconds. It is
293 conventional to put these in both
294 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
295 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
296 necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
297 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
298 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
299 tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
300 1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
301 directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
302 failures.</para>
303 </listitem>
304 </varlistentry>
305 <varlistentry>
306 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
307 <listitem>
308 <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
309 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
310 ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
311 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
312 directory.</para>
313 </listitem>
314 </varlistentry>
315 <varlistentry>
316 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
317 <listitem>
318 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
319 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
320 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
321 </listitem>
322 </varlistentry>
323 </variablelist>
324
325
326 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
327 script:</para>
328
329<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
330
331 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
332 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
333 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
334 time zones listed in <filename
335 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
336 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
337 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
338
339 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
340 running:</para>
341
342<screen><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
343
344 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
345 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
346
347 </sect3>
348
349 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
350 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
351
352 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
353 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
354 </indexterm>
355
356 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
357 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
358 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
359 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
360 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
361 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
362 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
363 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
364 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
365 to contain additional libraries are <filename
366 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
367 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
368 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
369
370 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
371 following:</para>
372
373<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
374<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
375/usr/local/lib
376/opt/lib
377</literal>
378EOF</userinput></screen>
379
380 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
381 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
382 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
383 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
384
385<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
386<literal># Add an include directory
387include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
388</literal>
389EOF
390mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
391
392 </sect3>
393 </sect2>
394
395 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
396 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
397
398 <segmentedlist>
399 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
400 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
401 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
402
403 <seglistitem>
404 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
405 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
406 pldd, rpcgen, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
407 zdump, and zic</seg>
408 <seg>ld-&glibc-version;.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
409 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
410 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
411 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
412 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
413 libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
414 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
415 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
416 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
417 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
418 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
419 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
420 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
421 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
422 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
423 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
424 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
425 </seglistitem>
426 </segmentedlist>
427
428 <variablelist>
429 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
430 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
431 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
432
433 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
434 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
435 <listitem>
436 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
437 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
438 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
439 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
440 </indexterm>
441 </listitem>
442 </varlistentry>
443
444 <varlistentry id="gencat">
445 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
446 <listitem>
447 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
448 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
449 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
450 </indexterm>
451 </listitem>
452 </varlistentry>
453
454 <varlistentry id="getconf">
455 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
456 <listitem>
457 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
458 specific variables</para>
459 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
460 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
461 </indexterm>
462 </listitem>
463 </varlistentry>
464
465 <varlistentry id="getent">
466 <term><command>getent</command></term>
467 <listitem>
468 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
469 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
470 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
471 </indexterm>
472 </listitem>
473 </varlistentry>
474
475 <varlistentry id="iconv">
476 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
477 <listitem>
478 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
479 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
480 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
481 </indexterm>
482 </listitem>
483 </varlistentry>
484
485 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
486 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
487 <listitem>
488 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
489 files</para>
490 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
491 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
492 </indexterm>
493 </listitem>
494 </varlistentry>
495
496 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
497 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
498 <listitem>
499 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
500 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
501 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
502 </indexterm>
503 </listitem>
504 </varlistentry>
505
506 <varlistentry id="ldd">
507 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
508 <listitem>
509 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
510 by each given program or shared library</para>
511 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
512 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
513 </indexterm>
514 </listitem>
515 </varlistentry>
516
517 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
518 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
519 <listitem>
520 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
521 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
522 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
523 </indexterm>
524 </listitem>
525 </varlistentry>
526
527 <varlistentry id="locale">
528 <term><command>locale</command></term>
529 <listitem>
530 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
531 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
532 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
533 </indexterm>
534 </listitem>
535 </varlistentry>
536
537 <varlistentry id="localedef">
538 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
539 <listitem>
540 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
541 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
542 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
543 </indexterm>
544 </listitem>
545 </varlistentry>
546
547 <varlistentry id="makedb">
548 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
549 <listitem>
550 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
551 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
552 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
553 </indexterm>
554 </listitem>
555 </varlistentry>
556
557 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
558 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
559 <listitem>
560 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
561 in human-readable format</para>
562 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
563 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
564 </indexterm>
565 </listitem>
566 </varlistentry>
567
568 <varlistentry id="nscd">
569 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
570 <listitem>
571 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
572 service requests</para>
573 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
574 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
575 </indexterm>
576 </listitem>
577 </varlistentry>
578
579 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
580 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
581 <listitem>
582 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
583 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
584 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
585 </indexterm>
586 </listitem>
587 </varlistentry>
588
589 <varlistentry id="pldd">
590 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
591 <listitem>
592 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
593 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
594 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
595 </indexterm>
596 </listitem>
597 </varlistentry>
598<!--
599 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
600 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
601 <listitem>
602 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
603 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
604 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
605 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
606 </indexterm>
607 </listitem>
608 </varlistentry>
609-->
610 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
611 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
612 <listitem>
613 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
614 protocol</para>
615 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
616 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
617 </indexterm>
618 </listitem>
619 </varlistentry>
620
621 <varlistentry id="sln">
622 <term><command>sln</command></term>
623 <listitem>
624 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
625 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
626 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
627 </indexterm>
628 </listitem>
629 </varlistentry>
630
631 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
632 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
633 <listitem>
634 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
635 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
636 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
637 </indexterm>
638 </listitem>
639 </varlistentry>
640
641 <varlistentry id="sprof">
642 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
643 <listitem>
644 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
645 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
646 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
647 </indexterm>
648 </listitem>
649 </varlistentry>
650
651 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
652 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
653 <listitem>
654 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
655 the corresponding time zone description</para>
656 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
657 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
658 </indexterm>
659 </listitem>
660 </varlistentry>
661
662 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
663 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
664 <listitem>
665 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
666 executed function</para>
667 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
668 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
669 </indexterm>
670 </listitem>
671 </varlistentry>
672
673 <varlistentry id="zdump">
674 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
675 <listitem>
676 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
677 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
678 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
679 </indexterm>
680 </listitem>
681 </varlistentry>
682
683 <varlistentry id="zic">
684 <term><command>zic</command></term>
685 <listitem>
686 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
687 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
688 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
689 </indexterm>
690 </listitem>
691 </varlistentry>
692
693 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
694 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-&glibc-version;.so</filename></term>
695 <listitem>
696 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
697 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
698 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
699 </indexterm>
700 </listitem>
701 </varlistentry>
702
703 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
704 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
705 <listitem>
706 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
707 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
708 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
709 for more information</para>
710 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
711 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
712 </indexterm>
713 </listitem>
714 </varlistentry>
715
716 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
717 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
718 <listitem>
719 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
720 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
721 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
722 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
723 </indexterm>
724 </listitem>
725 </varlistentry>
726
727 <varlistentry id="libanl">
728 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
729 <listitem>
730 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
731 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
732 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
733 </indexterm>
734 </listitem>
735 </varlistentry>
736
737 <varlistentry id="libc">
738 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
739 <listitem>
740 <para>The main C library</para>
741 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
742 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
743 </indexterm>
744 </listitem>
745 </varlistentry>
746
747 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
748 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
749 <listitem>
750 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
751 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
752 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
753 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
754 </indexterm>
755 </listitem>
756 </varlistentry>
757
758 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
759 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
760 <listitem>
761 <para>The cryptography library</para>
762 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
763 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
764 </indexterm>
765 </listitem>
766 </varlistentry>
767
768 <varlistentry id="libdl">
769 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
770 <listitem>
771 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
772 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
773 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
774 </indexterm>
775 </listitem>
776 </varlistentry>
777
778 <varlistentry id="libg">
779 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
780 <listitem>
781 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
782 library for <command>g++</command></para>
783 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
784 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
785 </indexterm>
786 </listitem>
787 </varlistentry>
788
789 <varlistentry id="libieee">
790 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
791 <listitem>
792 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
793 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
794 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
795 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
796 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
797 </indexterm>
798 </listitem>
799 </varlistentry>
800
801 <varlistentry id="libm">
802 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
803 <listitem>
804 <para>The mathematical library</para>
805 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
806 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
807 </indexterm>
808 </listitem>
809 </varlistentry>
810
811 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
812 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
813 <listitem>
814 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
815 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
816 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
817 </indexterm>
818 </listitem>
819 </varlistentry>
820
821 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
822 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
823 <listitem>
824 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
825 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
826 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
827 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
828 </indexterm>
829 </listitem>
830 </varlistentry>
831
832 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
833 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
834 <listitem>
835 <para>The network services library</para>
836 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
837 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
838 </indexterm>
839 </listitem>
840 </varlistentry>
841
842 <varlistentry id="libnss">
843 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
844 <listitem>
845 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
846 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
847 protocols, etc.</para>
848 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
849 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
850 </indexterm>
851 </listitem>
852 </varlistentry>
853
854 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
855 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
856 <listitem>
857 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
858 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
859 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
860 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
861 </indexterm>
862 </listitem>
863 </varlistentry>
864
865 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
866 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
867 <listitem>
868 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
869 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
870 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
871 </indexterm>
872 </listitem>
873 </varlistentry>
874
875 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
876 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
877 <listitem>
878 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
879 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
880 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
881 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
882 </indexterm>
883 </listitem>
884 </varlistentry>
885
886 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
887 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
888 <listitem>
889 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
890 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
891 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
892 </indexterm>
893 </listitem>
894 </varlistentry>
895
896 <varlistentry id="librt">
897 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
898 <listitem>
899 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
900 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
901 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
902 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
903 </indexterm>
904 </listitem>
905 </varlistentry>
906
907 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
908 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
909 <listitem>
910 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
911 multi-threaded programs</para>
912 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
913 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
914 </indexterm>
915 </listitem>
916 </varlistentry>
917
918 <varlistentry id="libutil">
919 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
920 <listitem>
921 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
922 many different Unix utilities</para>
923 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
924 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
925 </indexterm>
926 </listitem>
927 </varlistentry>
928
929 </variablelist>
930
931 </sect2>
932
933</sect1>
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